JP2023518588A - 炭素含有粒子の製造 - Google Patents
炭素含有粒子の製造 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2023518588A JP2023518588A JP2022557946A JP2022557946A JP2023518588A JP 2023518588 A JP2023518588 A JP 2023518588A JP 2022557946 A JP2022557946 A JP 2022557946A JP 2022557946 A JP2022557946 A JP 2022557946A JP 2023518588 A JP2023518588 A JP 2023518588A
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- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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Abstract
Description
‐ 炭素堆積
‐ シリコン堆積
‐ 活性化(細孔の体積と表面積の増加)
‐ 還元
‐ 酸化架橋
‐ 金属不純物(灰)からの炭素の酸化クリーニング
‐ 固体から気体への変換(ピッチ→熱分解気体)
‐ 液体から気体への変換(トルエン→蒸発)、及び/又は、
‐ あらゆるガス(例えば、結果物のガス)から固体への変換(熱分解ガス/ガス状トルエン→炭素)
が挙げられ、例えば、固体の炭化性前駆体及び/又は炭素から目標通りに反応性ガスが放出されるようになる。反応性ガスについては、炭素での分散材のin situ(その場)コーティングが可能となる。
その製品は、密度を比重で決定する際にキシレンが少なくとも部分的にアクセス不能なマトリクス領域を有し、
その製品は、同じ炭化粒状材料の粉砕サンプルよりも少なくとも10%、好ましくは少なくとも15%、特に少なくとも20%以上、特に好ましくは少なくとも25%低い比重決定密度を有し、
その製品は、0.35~1の範囲内、好ましくは0.55~1の範囲内、最も好ましくは0.85~1の範囲内の平均球形度ψを有する。
d50sub・(xc/xsub)>s
式中、
d50subは、pm単位での平均サブミクロン粒子サイズであり、
xcは、粒状製品の総質量における炭素の質量分率であり、
xsubは、粒状製品の総質量におけるサブミクロン粒子の質量分率であり、
sは、安全パラメータであって、0.02、特に0.03、好ましくは0.04、特に好ましくは0.05である。
2 ポンプ
3 混合室
4 パルス化ユニット
5、5A、5B ガスインレット
6 反応器
7 反応領域
8 冷却ガスインレット
9 冷却領域
10 粒子分離器
11 ガスアウトレット
12 粒子アウトレット
13 前処理領域
Claims (15)
- 炭素含有粒状製品を製造するための方法であって、炭化性前駆体及び/又は炭素を含有する原材料をガス中に分散させて反応領域に送り、該反応領域において前記炭素含有粒状製品に含まれる炭素の少なくとも一部を形成し、前記ガスが少なくとも前記反応領域においてパルス状に流れる、方法。
- 前記炭素含有粒状製品が電池のアノード材用である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記炭素含有粒状製品が、Li、Na、Al、Mg及びZnから選択された電荷キャリアについて100mAh/g以上の比放電容量を有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記原材料の少なくとも一部が少なくとも前記炭素含有粒状製品になるまでは前記ガス中に連続的に分散したままとなり前記ガス中で反応するように前記ガスと該ガス中に分散した原材料が送られる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記反応領域において前記炭化性前駆体の少なくとも一部が炭化して、前記炭素含有粒状製品に含有される炭素の少なくとも一部を形成する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記原材料がサブミクロン材料前駆体、例えばサブミクロン粒子前駆体、及び/又はサブミクロン材料、例えばサブミクロン粒子を含むか、又は、
サブミクロ材料前駆体及び/又はサブミクロン材料が前記ガス中に分散している、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記サブミクロン材料前駆体が反応してサブミクロン材料を形成する、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記サブミクロン材料が請求項3に記載の電荷キャリア用の貯蔵材を備える、請求項6又は7に記載の方法。
- 前記原材料が少なくとも部分的に液体である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記炭化性前駆体が、ピッチ、ビチューメン、重油、樹脂、ポリアクリロニトリル、ポリイミド、炭水化物、リグニン、ポリエチレン、ポリスチレン、ポリ塩化ビニル、又はこれらの混合物から選択され、及び/又は、
前記原材料に含有される炭素が、コークス粒子、カーボンブラック粒子、グラファイト粒子、膨張グラファイト粒子、グラフェン、ミルド炭素繊維、カーボンナノチューブ、気相成長炭素繊維、又はこれらの混合物から選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記原材料を分散させるガスが、不活性ガス成分、例えばHe、Ar、又はN2を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ガスと該ガス中に分散した原材料が並流で送られる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ガスと該ガス中に分散した原材料が対向流で送られる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 炭素含有粒状製品、例えば、電池のアノード材であって、
密度を比重で決定する際にキシレンが少なくとも部分的にアクセス不能なマトリクス領域を有し、
同じ炭化粒状材料の粉砕サンプルよりも少なくとも10%低い比重決定密度を有し、
0.35~1の範囲内の球形度ψを有する炭素含有粒状製品。 - 電池のアノードを製造するための、請求項14に記載の炭素含有粒状製品、又は請求項1から13のいずれか一項に記載の方法によって製造された炭素含有粒状製品の使用。
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