JP2023517361A - 機能性エクソソーム調製のためのクロスフロー濾過装置の新たな用途 - Google Patents
機能性エクソソーム調製のためのクロスフロー濾過装置の新たな用途 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
を使用しないことを特徴とする、機能性エクソソームの調製方法
具現例6.先行する具現例のいずれか一つにおいて、前記方法は、TFF装置以外の別途の攪拌設備及び洗浄設備を使用しないことを特徴とする、機能性エクソソームの調製方法。
本発明の1つの態様は、クロスフロー濾過(tangential flow fillition;TFF)装置を用いてエクソソームを機能性物質で改質することを特徴とする、機能性エクソソームの調製方法を提供することである。
本発明の他の態様は、超高濃度医療用エクソソーム溶液を調製するための連続濃縮システムを提供することである。
ヒト脂肪由来幹細胞からエクソソームを抽出するために、3~7継代まで継代培養したヒト脂肪由来幹細胞を6時間~3日間培養しながら細胞培養液を回収した。前記回収した細胞培養上清から、0.2μmフィルターを用いて細胞残渣(cell debris)及び不純物を除去した。
前記1で得られたヒト脂肪由来幹細胞培養液から、クロスフロー濾過方式(Tangential Flow Filtration System)を用いてエクソソームを抽出及び精製した。クロスフロー濾過方式には100または500KDaの濾過能を有するフィルターを使用し、細胞培養液を10倍または100倍に濃縮してエクソソームを回収した。エクソソームの純度を高めるために、回収したエクソソームを10倍~100倍容積のダルベッコリン酸緩衝液(DPBS)で希釈し、再び100または500KDaの濾過能を有するフィルターを用いて濃縮した。抽出工程を図3及び図4に示した。
前記2により、ヒト脂肪由来幹細胞から抽出されたエクソソームの物理的及び生化学的特性を、ナノ粒子トラッキング解析(Nanoparticle tracking analysis:NTA)及びビシンコニン酸(Bicinchoninic acid:BCA)アッセイ法を用いたタンパク質定量により確認した。前記2で抽出したエクソソーム粒子の大きさは50~200nmであることが確認された。
(1)クロスフロー濾過方式を用いた蛍光標識機能性エクソソームの調製(実施例)
蛍光標識機能性エクソソームを調製するためのTFF装置を図3及び図4に示した。濃度5.0×109粒子/mLのエクソソーム1mLと100uLの蛍光標識物質(Vybrant(商標)DiD Cell-Labeling Solution,ThermoFisher Scientific,V22887)とを、1.5mLチューブに移した。混合物を10倍~100倍容積のDPBSで希釈し、TFF装置内のリザーバーにそれぞれ注ぎ、混合した。
前記(1)と同様の方法でエクソソームと蛍光標識物質との混合物を調製した。具体的には、濃度5.0×109粒子/mLのエクソソーム1mLと10uLの蛍光標識物質(Vybrant(商標)DiD Cell-Labeling Solution,ThermoFisher Scientific,V22887)とを、1.5mLチューブに移した。混合物を10倍~100倍容積のDPBSで希釈し、TFF装置内のリザーバーにそれぞれ注ぎ、混合した。
前記(1)と同様の方法でエクソソームと蛍光標識物質との混合物を調製した。具体的には、濃度5.0×109粒子/mLのエクソソーム1mLと100uLの蛍光標識物質(Vybrant(商標)DiD Cell-Labeling Solution,ThermoFisher Scientific, V22887)を、1.5mLチューブに移した。混合物を10倍~100倍容積のDPBSで希釈し、TFF装置内のリザーバーにそれぞれ注ぎ、混合した。
前記4(1)で調製した蛍光標識機能性エクソソームの蛍光標識能を確認するために、108~1010個のエクソソームが分散したDPBS1mLと細胞培養液9mLとを混合し、ヒト角質形成細胞(HaCaT cell)に1時間処理した。エクソソーム処理されたヒト角質形成細胞において、共焦点蛍光顕微鏡を用いて蛍光標識エクソソームの細胞内浸透を確認した(図8)。
前記4(1)と類似する方法でPEG化エクソソームを調製した。濃度5.0×109粒子/mLのエクソソーム1mLと10μLの1~1,000mg/mLのポリエチレングリコール(PEG)とを、1.5mLチューブに移した。混合物を10倍~100倍容積のDPBSで希釈し、TFF装置内のリザーバーにそれぞれ注ぎ、混合した。エクソソームとPEGとの化学的結合を誘導するために、1-エチル-3-(3-ジメチルアミノプロピル)カルボジイミド(EDC)/N-ヒドロキシスクシンイミド(NHS)架橋過程を行った。1~100mMのEDC500μLと同じ濃度のNHS500μLとをエクソソーム/PEG混合物に添加し、約1~30分間リザーバーで反応させた。
前記6により、ヒト脂肪由来幹細胞から抽出されたエクソソームの物理的特性変化をDLS及びゼータ電位で確認することにより、エクソソーム粒子の表面改質の有無を確認した。PEG化機能性エクソソームは、未処理のエクソソームと比較して粒径分布が大きくなることが確認された(図9及び図10)。
前記4(1)と類似する方法で薬物担持エクソソームを調製及び精製した。濃度5.0×109粒子/mLのエクソソーム1mLに1~1,000μgのドキソルビシンを100μL添加した。混合物を10倍~100倍容積のDPBSで希釈し、TFF装置内のシングルユースバッグ(Single-use bag)にそれぞれ注ぎ、混合した。薬物のエクソソーム内への担持のために、混合物が入っているシングルユースバッグを、4℃以下に維持する超音波処理水浴(sonication water bath)に浸した状態で工程を行った。
薬物が担持されたエクソソームの薬物担持量を確認するために、108~1010個のエクソソームが分散したDPBS1mLにおいて、紫外可視分光光度計を用いてエクソソーム内部の薬物担持を確認した(図11)。図11によれば、エクソソーム5×109粒子に約20μgのドキソルビシンが担持されていることを確認した。
前記1で得られたヒト脂肪由来幹細胞培養液から、連続的なクロスフロー濾過方式(Tangential Flow Filtration System)を用いてエクソソームを抽出及び精製した。一次クロスフロー濾過方式に100または500KDaの濾過能を有するフィルターを使用し、細胞培養液を10倍または100倍濃縮してエクソソームを回収した。回収されたエクソソームを直ちに二次クロスフロー濾過方式のフィルターに適用し、一次クロスフロー濾過フィルターの0.5倍~0.01倍の大きさを有する二次クロスフロー濾過フィルターを用いて、細胞培養液を10倍又は100倍さらに濃縮して高濃度のエクソソームを回収した。エクソソーム純度を高めるために、回収されたエクソソームを10倍~100倍容積のDPBSに希釈し、100または500KDaの濾過能を有するフィルターを用いて再び濃縮した。抽出工程を図12、図13及び図14に示した。連続的なTFF工程により得られたエクソソームの収率は、初期CM量に対して、生産されたエクソソーム及びタンパク質量で確認した(図15)。
Claims (12)
- クロスフロー濾過(tangential flow flifition;TFF)装置を用いてエクソソームを機能性物質で改質することを特徴とする、機能性エクソソームの調製方法。
- 前記機能性物質は、生体適合性高分子、タンパク質薬物、化学薬物及び標識分子からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1つであることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の機能性エクソソームの調製方法。
- 前記方法は
エクソソームと機能性物質とを混合する反応ステップ;
未反応機能性物質を除去する濾過及び濃縮ステップ;及び
エクソソーム溶液の溶媒を置換する洗浄ステップ;を含み、
前記反応ステップ、濾過及び濃縮ステップ、及び洗浄ステップは、1つのクロスフロー濾過装置(第1TFF装置)を用いて行われることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の機能性エクソソームの調製方法。 - 前記反応ステップは、エクソソームと機能性物質との混合液をTFF装置のポンプにより循環させる過程で行われることを特徴とする、請求項3に記載の機能性エクソソームの調製方法。
- 前記方法は、エクソソームと機能性物質とを反応させるための別途のバッチリアクター(Batch reactor)を使用しないことを特徴とする、請求項3に記載の機能性エクソソームの調製方法。
- 前記方法は、TFF装置以外の別途の攪拌設備及び洗浄設備を使用しないことを特徴とする、請求項3に記載の機能性エクソソームの調製方法。
- 前記方法は、TFF装置を用いて前記反応ステップ、濾過及び濃縮ステップ、及び洗浄ステップを同時に行うことを特徴とする、請求項3に記載の機能性エクソソームの調製方法。
- 前記方法は、機能性エクソソームの大量生産(large-scale production)のためのものである、請求項1に記載の機能性エクソソームの調製方法。
- 前記方法は、前記第1TFF装置から得られた濃縮機能性エクソソームを多重TFF連続濃縮装置に注入してエクソソームをさらに濃縮するステップをさらに含み、
前記多重TFF連続濃縮装置はn個のTFF装置を含み、n個のTFF装置が外部から隔離された1つのシステムとして接続され、n個の濃縮工程を1つの閉鎖系(closed system)内で連続的に行うことを特徴とする、請求項3に記載の機能性エクソソームの調製方法(ここで、前記nは1~10の整数である)。 - エクソソームを含む原料溶液を、n個のTFF装置が外部から隔離された1つのシステムとして接続された多重TFF連続濃縮装置に注入するステップ;及び
前記多重TFF連続濃縮装置を用いてn個の濃縮工程を1つの閉鎖系内で連続的に行うステップ;
を含む、超高濃度エクソソーム溶液の調製方法(ここで、前記nは1~10の整数である)。 - 前記n個の連続濃縮工程後に得られた最終エクソソームの濃度は、原料溶液中のエクソソームの濃度の25~50n倍であることを特徴とする、請求項10に記載の超高濃度エクソソーム溶液の調製方法。
- 前記n個の連続濃縮工程後に得られた最終エクソソームの濃度は、107~1013粒子/mLであることを特徴とする、請求項10に記載の超高濃度エクソソーム溶液の調製方法。
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