JP2022540752A - 感熱性水性ポリウレタン分散液およびそれを調製するための方法 - Google Patents
感熱性水性ポリウレタン分散液およびそれを調製するための方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2022540752A JP2022540752A JP2021571839A JP2021571839A JP2022540752A JP 2022540752 A JP2022540752 A JP 2022540752A JP 2021571839 A JP2021571839 A JP 2021571839A JP 2021571839 A JP2021571839 A JP 2021571839A JP 2022540752 A JP2022540752 A JP 2022540752A
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- polyurethane dispersion
- aqueous polyurethane
- heat
- dispersion
- sensitive
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Classifications
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/0838—Manufacture of polymers in the presence of non-reactive compounds
- C08G18/0842—Manufacture of polymers in the presence of non-reactive compounds in the presence of liquid diluents
- C08G18/0861—Manufacture of polymers in the presence of non-reactive compounds in the presence of liquid diluents in the presence of a dispersing phase for the polymers or a phase dispersed in the polymers
- C08G18/0866—Manufacture of polymers in the presence of non-reactive compounds in the presence of liquid diluents in the presence of a dispersing phase for the polymers or a phase dispersed in the polymers the dispersing or dispersed phase being an aqueous medium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D175/00—Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
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- C09D175/08—Polyurethanes from polyethers
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Abstract
Description
水性ポリウレタン分散液(PUD)は、DMF中のPU溶液の環境に優しい代替品である。PUDは、水を使用してポリウレタンを小さな粒子に分散させ、内部または外部から添加された界面活性剤によって粒子を安定化させる。いくつかの用途では、最初にPUDを脱乳化する必要がある。典型的には、大量の凝固剤を使用する必要があるが、これによって大量の廃水が発生する。
(a)水性ポリウレタン分散液、
(b)少なくとも1つのアニオン性界面活性剤、および
(c)少なくとも1つのカチオン性界面活性剤、を含む、感熱性水性ポリウレタン分散液を提供する。
H2N-R4-NH-R5-X(a3.1)
水性ポリウレタン分散液は、分散液が実質的に有機溶媒を含まないものである。有機溶媒とは、典型的には、溶媒として使用される有機化合物を意味する。一般に、有機溶媒は、高い可燃性および蒸気圧(つまり、約0.1mm Hgを超える)を示す。有機溶媒を実質的に含まないということは、プレポリマーまたは分散液を作製するためにいずれの有機溶媒も意図的に添加することなく分散液を作製したことを意味する。これは、反応器の洗浄による汚染などの意図しない原因により、若干量の溶媒が存在する可能性があるということではない。一般に、水性分散液は、最大約1重量パーセントの分散液の総重量を有する。好ましくは、水性分散液は、最大約2000重量百万分率(ppm)、より好ましくは最大約1000ppm、さらにより好ましくは最大約500ppm、および最も好ましくは最大微量の有機溶媒を有する。好ましい実施形態では、有機溶媒は使用されず、水性分散液には、検出可能な有機溶媒が存在しない(すなわち、有機溶媒を「本質的に含まない」)。
カチオン性界面活性剤は、以下に示す一般構造を有し、式中、R1は、C10~18アルキル基であり、R2、R3、およびR4は、C1~C6アルキル基、好ましくはC1~C3アルキル基であり、Xは、ハロゲン化物、好ましくは、塩化物または臭化物である。カチオン性界面活性剤の例としては、ドデシル-トリメチルアンモニウム臭化物(DTAB)、およびセチル-トリメチルアンモニウム臭化物(CTAB))が挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。
アニオン性界面活性剤は、好ましくは、アルキルサルフェート、アルキルスルホネート、アルキルベンゼンサルフェート、アルキルベンゼンスルホネート、アルキルアルコールアルコキシレートサルフェート、およびアルキルアルコールアルコキシレートスルホネートからなる群から選択されるサルフェートまたはスルホネート界面活性剤であり、好ましくは、アルキル基は、C8~C18アルキルであり、アルコキシレートは、C2~C3アルキルオキシルである。
(a)水性ポリウレタン分散液、(b)少なくとも1つのアニオン性界面活性剤、および(c)少なくとも1つのカチオン性界面活性剤を含む感熱性水性ポリウレタン分散液の調製のために、成分(b)少なくとも1つのアニオン性界面活性剤および(c)少なくとも1つのカチオン性界面活性剤のうちの1つを、成分(a)水性ポリウレタン分散液の調製プロセス中に成分(a)水性ポリウレタン分散液に添加することができるか、またはその調整後に成分(a)水性ポリウレタン分散液に添加することができる。次いで、成分(b)少なくとも1つのアニオン性界面活性剤および成分(c)少なくとも1つのカチオン性界面活性剤のうちのもう一方が添加される。
本開示で記載されるような感熱性水性ポリウレタン分散液に由来するフィルムを含む合成皮革製品。合成皮革製品は、当技術分野の従来の方法によって作製することができる。
本開示はまた、室温で安定であり、かつ40~130℃、好ましくは50~100℃などの高温下で熱ゲル化/熱凝固性になる感熱性水性ポリウレタン分散液を含むコーティングに関する。
a.アニオン性スルホネート界面活性剤(ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸ナトリウム、固形分23%)を含む外部乳化ポリウレタン分散液PUD-1の合成、固形分=54%
プレポリマー合成:68gのVoranol 9287A(Dow Chemicalから入手可能)および2gのMPEG 1000(Dow Chemicalから入手可能)を機械的攪拌下で3つ口フラスコに装入し、110℃で1時間脱水した後、70~75℃に冷却した。30gのMMDI(モノマー4,4’-ジフェニル-メタン-ジイソシアネート、Dow Chemicalから入手可能)を、脱水したブレンドポリオールに添加した。フラスコの温度を70~75℃で1時間維持した後、80~85℃に上げ、2~3時間維持して反応を完了させた。プレポリマーを冷却し、ペットボトルに詰めて、窒素保護下で密閉保管した。プレポリマーのNCO含有量は、7.1重量%であった。
プレポリマー合成:68gのVoranol 9287A(Dow Chemicalから入手可能)および2gのMPEG 1000(Dow Chemicalから入手可能)を機械的攪拌下で3つ口フラスコに装入し、110℃で1時間脱水した後、70~75℃に冷却した。30gのMMDI(モノマー4,4’-ジフェニル-メタン-ジイソシアネート、Dow Chemicalから入手可能)を、脱水したブレンドポリオールに添加した。フラスコの温度を70~75℃で1時間維持した後、80~85℃に上げ、2~3時間維持して反応を完了させた。プレポリマーを冷却し、ペットボトルに詰めて、窒素保護下で密閉保管した。プレポリマーのNCO含有量は、7.1重量%であった。
対照実施例No.1~No.6を表2に列挙する。3種類の対照実施例を実行する。対照実施例No.1の試料は、いずれの添加剤も含まずにPUD-1のみを使用し、RTおよび高温処理後も常に安定していた。対照実施例No.2~No.5の試料は、4種類の内部乳化PUDを使用し、これらすべては、高温はもちろんのこと、室温でDTABに接触するとすぐに凝固することが見出された。対照実施例No.6の試料は、PUD Caprol 8042および添加剤CTABを使用した。分散液は、室温および高温処理の両方の下で安定していた。
本発明の実施例No.7~17を表2に列挙する。No.7~No.15まで、脱イオン水を添加することによって、PUD-1の固形分を54%から15%に調整する。添加剤、DTABを、20%の活性水溶液の形態で添加した。PUDおよび添加剤溶液を機械撹拌器によって1000RPMで5分間混合した。本発明の実施例No.10は、1時間後にわずかに粘度が上昇し、24時間後に非常に粘性になった。他の実施例は、RT下で15日後も初期粘度を維持した。本発明の実施例No.16では、DTABをCTABに置き換えた。本発明の実施例No.17では、PUD-1の界面活性剤を別のアニオン性界面活性剤であるDOWFAX AS-801(Dow Chemical)に置き換えた。
Claims (15)
- 感熱性水性ポリウレタン分散液であって、
(a)水性ポリウレタン分散液、
(b)少なくとも1つのアニオン性界面活性剤、および
(c)少なくとも1つのカチオン性界面活性剤、を含む、感熱性水性ポリウレタン分散液。 - 前記アニオン性界面活性剤が、アルキルサルフェート、アルキルスルホネート、アルキルベンゼンサルフェート、アルキルベンゼンサルフェートスルホネート、アルキルアルコールアルコキシレートサルフェート、およびアルキルアルコールアルコキシレートスルホネートからなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載の感熱性水性ポリウレタン分散液。
- 前記アルキル基が、C8~C18アルキルであり、前記アルコキシレートが、C2~C3アルキルオキシルである、請求項2に記載の感熱性水性ポリウレタン分散液。
- 前記アニオン性界面活性剤が、ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸ナトリウム、ナトリウムC8アルキルアルコールエトキシル化プロポキシル化サルフェート、およびナトリウムC12アルキルアルコールエトキシル化サルフェートからなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載の感熱性水性ポリウレタン分散液。
- 前記カチオン性界面活性剤が、ドデシル-トリメチルアンモニウム臭化物、セチル-トリメチルアンモニウム臭化物、またはそれらの混合物である、請求項1に記載の感熱性水性ポリウレタン分散液。
- 前記ポリウレタン分散液の固形物負荷が、分散液の総重量の約1重量%~約70重量%の固形物である、請求項1に記載の感熱性水性ポリウレタン分散液。
- (b)少なくとも1つのアニオン性界面活性剤の(c)少なくとも1つのカチオン性界面活性剤に対する重量比が、10:1~1:5である、請求項1に記載の感熱性水性ポリウレタン分散液。
- 前記ポリウレタン分散液が、非イオン化可能なポリウレタンを含む、請求項1に記載の感熱性水性ポリウレタン分散液。
- 前記非イオン化可能なポリウレタンが、水性媒体中でポリウレタン/尿素/チオ尿素プレポリマーを鎖延長試薬と反応させることによって調製される、請求項8に記載の感熱性水性ポリウレタン分散液。
- (a)前記水性ポリウレタン分散液が、(b)少なくとも1つのアニオン性界面活性剤または(c)少なくとも1つのカチオン性界面活性剤で外部から乳化される、請求項1に記載の感熱性水性ポリウレタン分散液。
- (c)少なくとも1つのカチオン性界面活性剤の(a)水性ポリウレタン分散液の固形物に対する重量比が、0.1%~20%である、請求項1に記載の感熱性水性ポリウレタン分散液。
- 請求項1~10のいずれかに記載の感熱性水性ポリウレタン分散液を調製するための方法であって、(i)(a)水性ポリウレタン分散液、(b)少なくとも1つのアニオン性界面活性剤、および(c)少なくとも1つのカチオン性界面活性剤を提供することと、(ii)それらを一緒に混合することと、を含むか、または
(i)(b)少なくとも1つのアニオン性界面活性剤によって外部から乳化された(a)水性ポリウレタン分散液を提供することと、(ii)(c)少なくとも1つのカチオン性界面活性剤を提供することと、(iii)それらを一緒に混合することと、を含むか、または
(i)(c)少なくとも1つのカチオン性界面活性剤によって外部から乳化された(a)水性ポリウレタン分散液を提供することと、(ii)(b)少なくとも1つのアニオン性界面活性剤を提供することと、(iii)それらを一緒に混合することと、を含む、方法。 - 請求項1~12のいずれか一項に記載の感熱性水性ポリウレタン分散液に由来するフィルムを含む合成皮革製品。
- 請求項1~12のいずれか一項に記載の感熱性水性ポリウレタン分散液を含むコーティング。
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US20220186071A1 (en) | 2022-06-16 |
EP3980502A1 (en) | 2022-04-13 |
WO2020243899A1 (en) | 2020-12-10 |
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BR112021023863A2 (pt) | 2022-01-11 |
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