JP2021528607A - 特定の材料の高使用量を達成するための、特に複合繊維材料製のトーションスプリングまたは駆動シャフトの形態にある、ねじりトルクを伝達するための構成 - Google Patents
特定の材料の高使用量を達成するための、特に複合繊維材料製のトーションスプリングまたは駆動シャフトの形態にある、ねじりトルクを伝達するための構成 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【選択図】図1
Description
ねじり荷重のかかるチューブ(torsion-loaded tube)および同様のトルク伝達部品(torque-carrying component)は多軸応力状態にさらされる。ねじり荷重のかかるチューブによる想像上の縦断面におけるせん断応力は、モール円によって、引張応力および圧縮応力の下で方向ごとに+/−45°の方向の2つの直交する主応力に変換される。この応力状態は、非晶質材料(金属)にとっては、その材料限界に関して問題ではない。しかしながら、複合繊維材料は、特に多軸応力状態に対して敏感である。主応力を担持するために、積層物層は、好ましくは応力の主方向に敷設される。したがって、複合繊維材料製の古典的なトーションチューブ(torsion tube)は、異なる巻方向の繊維から構成される。例えば、+45度の巻回方向を有する繊維には引張応力がかかり、−45度の巻回方向を有する繊維には圧縮応力がかかる。双方の方向の繊維は、この場合、互いに対して直交して位置する。しかしながら、互いと平行に位置しない積層物層は好ましくない相互作用を経験することがある。
従来の積層構造を有するトーションキャリア(torsion carrier)は、多軸応力状態に関して上述した敏感さのために、比較的小さな応力レベル(GFRPの場合、約300MPaまでの繊維平行応力)にしか耐えられないが、以下に記載する解決法では、著しく高い応力(GFRPの場合、約600MPaまで)が達成されることが可能であった。応力レベルを2倍にすることにより、
− 材料の使用が約半分となった、ねじり伝達部品(torsion-transferring component)と、
− 応力にほぼ平行な伸びにより、材料の使用が約1/4となった、トーションスプリングと
を実現することが可能であるという結果が得られる。
重量およびコストに関する利点に加えて、提案した概念はまた、必要な構築空間に関して相当な節約を可能にすることもできる。
本発明におけるものと幾何学的に同様の構成は、従来技術において特に可撓性駆動シャフトに関連して見出だされ得る。しかしながら、これらの発明は、異なる目的を追求しており、したがって実質的な装置機能において異なっている。例えば、米国特許第8,984,698号は複合繊維スパイラルコイルの代わりに金属のスパイラルコイルを記載している。あるいは、米国特許出願公開第2018/0258979号から知られ、同様に大きな幾何学的類似性を有する構成の場合には、弾性中間層が設けられていない。弾性中間層を、複合繊維スパイラルコイルの非干渉化および関連する一軸応力状態のための重要な要素または必要条件として(模擬的に)確立することができたため、材料利用率の程度における記載した改善が(実験的調査で)実証された。
層平面のコイルは、単一形態または多重形態に設計することができる。多重形態とは、1層につき複数のスパイラルコイルが含まれていることを意味する。チューブ状部品の場合には、前記スパイラルコイルは、チューブの長手方向軸線を中心として同一のピッチで互いと平行に巻回され、ある層の各スパイラルコイルは、チューブの中央長手方向軸線から同一の半径方向距離にある。好適な実施形態では、1層につき、4本以上のスパイラルコイル、さらに好ましくは7本以上のスパイラルコイル、さらに好ましくは11本以上のスパイラルコイルが用いられる。
スパイラルコイル: らせん、ねじ、らせん曲線、筒状スパイラルとも呼ばれるスパイラルコイルは、筒(柱)の筐体のまわりに一定ピッチで巻回する曲線である。スパイラルコイルは、半径上で湾曲している表面(=層、平面)から生じ、らせん状の溝(スロット)を有する。
図2〜図8は、より明瞭にするために、非巻回状態の部品の層を示している。
2 中間層
3 内部スパイラルコイル
4 外部スパイラルコイル間における補償間隙
5 内部スパイラルコイル間における補償間隙
2a 隣接する層のスパイラルコイルの交差部の領域における中間層
2b1 外部スパイラルコイルと接する中間層の部分
2b2 内部スパイラルコイルと接する中間層の部分
2c1 外部スパイラルコイルの補償間隙の充填物
2c2 平坦な中間層
2c3 内部スパイラルコイルの補償間隙の充填物
2d 楕円形のスパイラルコイル間の中間層であって、スパイラルコイル間の間隙内に突出しないか、または部分的に突出するか、または完全に突出する中間層
11 変形能力を改善するための構造化された中間層
Claims (15)
- 少なくとも2つの層を有するトーションキャリアであって、
前記少なくとも2つの層のそれぞれが複合繊維材料からなる少なくとも1本のスパイラルコイル(1、3)で構成されており、前記少なくとも2つの層は、互いに反対のスパイラルコイルの巻方向を有し、かつ、前記層の間には少なくとも1つの離間弾性中間層(2)が配置されている、トーションキャリア。 - 前記スパイラルコイル(1、3)の主繊維方向は、前記スパイラルコイルの広がりの主方向に少なくとも概ね配向されていることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のトーションキャリア。
- 少なくとも1つの層が、複数のスパイラルコイル(1、3)を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載のトーションキャリア。
- 前記各層(1、3)の隣接するスパイラルコイルの間には、間隙(4、5)が少なくとも部分的に設けられ、かつ/または層の隣接するスパイラルコイルの間には、弾性充填材料の充填物(2c1、2c3)が少なくとも部分的に配置され、かつ/または層の隣接するスパイラルコイルの間の領域には、弾性中間層が少なくとも部分的に延びていることを特徴とする、請求項1〜3の何れか一項に記載のトーションキャリア。
- 1つまたは複数の中間層(2)および/または層のスパイラルコイル間の充填物(2c1、2c3)は、キャビティ、および/または切り込み、および/または穴を含み、かつ/または、発泡材料および/または制振材料から少なくとも部分的に形成されている、請求項4に記載のトーションキャリア。
- 中間層の方に向いた表面の上の前記スパイラルコイル(1、3)の少なくとも一部は、前記スパイラルコイルの広がりの前記主方向に対して横方向の配向を有する張力緩和繊維を有することを特徴とする、請求項1〜5の何れか一項に記載のトーションキャリア。
- 前記トーションキャリアの端部は、漏斗状に増大する内径および/または外径を有し、かつ/または前記スパイラルコイル(1、3)は、前記トーションキャリアの前記端部の領域において変化したピッチを有することを特徴とする、請求項1〜6の何れか一項に記載のトーションキャリア。
- 前記スパイラルコイル(1、3)は、前記スパイラルコイルの端部の領域において増大した層厚をそれぞれ有し、かつ/または前記スパイラルコイル(1、3)の前記端部には、エンドピースが取り付けられていることを特徴とする、請求項1〜7の何れか一項に記載のトーションキャリア。
- 前記スパイラルコイル(1、3)は、前記スパイラルコイルの端部の前記領域において縮小した幅をそれぞれ有し、よって、前記スパイラルコイルは、周方向の平面において曲がる場合に増大した変形能力を有することを特徴とする、請求項1〜8の何れか一項に記載のトーションキャリア。
- 弾性中間層(2)によって互いに非干渉化される3層以上のスパイラルコイル(1、3)が設けられていることを特徴とする、請求項1〜9の何れか一項に記載のトーションキャリア。
- 少なくとも3つの異なるスパイラルコイルの向きを有する層が設けられ、前記層は中間層(2)によって離間されていることを特徴とする、請求項1〜10の何れか一項に記載のトーションキャリア。
- スパイラルコイルの前記層の内側において半径方向に、曲げ剛性または横方向の力に対する荷重支持能力が増大するコアが、スパイラルコイルの前記層の前記内側に半径方向に配置されていることを特徴とする、請求項1〜11の何れか一項に記載のトーションキャリア。
- 前記トーションキャリアの前記端部の方向において、変化する内径および/または外径が形成されていることを特徴とする、請求項1〜12の何れか一項に記載のトーションキャリア。
- スパイラルコイル(1、3)の層からなるチューブ、またはスパイラルコイル(1、3)の層からなる丸棒は、ねじの外形を有することを特徴とする、請求項1〜13の何れか一項に記載のトーションキャリア。
- 請求項1〜14の何れか一項に記載のトーションキャリアからなる、トーションチューブスプリング、トーションバー、曲げ弾性トーションシャフト、駆動シャフトまたはつる巻きばね。
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102018114583.7A DE102018114583A1 (de) | 2018-06-18 | 2018-06-18 | Anordnung zur Übertragung von Torsionsmomenten, insbesondere als Torsionsfeder oder Antriebswelle aus Faserverbundwerkstoffen zur Erzielung einer hohen spezifischen Materialausnutzung |
DE102018114583.7 | 2018-06-18 | ||
DE202019102181.0U DE202019102181U1 (de) | 2018-06-18 | 2019-04-16 | Anordnung zur Übertragung von Torsionsmomenten, insbesondere als Torsionsfeder oder Antriebswelle aus Faserverbundwerkstoffen zur Erzielung einer hohen spezifischen Materialausnutzung |
DE202019102181.0 | 2019-04-16 | ||
PCT/EP2019/066068 WO2019243354A1 (de) | 2018-06-18 | 2019-06-18 | Anordnung zur übertragung von torsionsmomenten, insbesondere als torsionsfeder oder antriebswelle aus faserverbundwerkstoffen zur erzielung einer hohen spezifischen materialausnutzung |
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JP2021528607A true JP2021528607A (ja) | 2021-10-21 |
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JP2020571668A Pending JP2021528607A (ja) | 2018-06-18 | 2019-06-18 | 特定の材料の高使用量を達成するための、特に複合繊維材料製のトーションスプリングまたは駆動シャフトの形態にある、ねじりトルクを伝達するための構成 |
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US (1) | US20210317890A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP3807084B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2021528607A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN112313070B (ja) |
DE (2) | DE102018114583A1 (ja) |
DK (1) | DK3807084T3 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2930413T3 (ja) |
PL (1) | PL3807084T3 (ja) |
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CN111475894B (zh) * | 2020-04-07 | 2023-03-10 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司石油工程技术研究院 | 一种弹性牵连约束的多头扭转弹簧及其动力学设计方法 |
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DE202019102181U1 (de) | 2019-06-19 |
US20210317890A1 (en) | 2021-10-14 |
CN112313070B (zh) | 2023-03-28 |
EP3807084B1 (de) | 2022-08-24 |
WO2019243354A1 (de) | 2019-12-26 |
PL3807084T3 (pl) | 2022-12-19 |
ES2930413T3 (es) | 2022-12-12 |
CN112313070A (zh) | 2021-02-02 |
EP3807084A1 (de) | 2021-04-21 |
DK3807084T3 (da) | 2022-11-28 |
DE102018114583A1 (de) | 2019-12-19 |
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