JP2021520420A - 多価性の塩を含有する混合塩フィードの存在下でさえ一価の塩を多量に排除するスルホン化ポリ(アリーレンエーテル)膜 - Google Patents
多価性の塩を含有する混合塩フィードの存在下でさえ一価の塩を多量に排除するスルホン化ポリ(アリーレンエーテル)膜 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、いずれも2018年2月9日に出願された米国仮出願第62/628,347号及び第62/628,349号に対する利益及び優先権を主張する。これらの出願は、参照によりそれらの全体が本明細書により組み込まれる。
であり、各L2は独立して
式中、各L1は独立して
モノスルホン化ヒドロキノン系線状重合体(ポストスルホン化)(SHQS−XX)(I)
本開示全体におけるすべての参考文献、例えば、発行若しくは受理された特許若しくは等価物、特許出願公開を含む特許文書、及び非特許文献文書又は他のソース材料は、そのすべての内容が個々に参照によって組み込まれたかのように、全体として本明細書により本明細書に参照により組み込まれる。参照により本明細書により組み込まれる具体的な文書には、米国特許第8,028,842号及び米国特許第4,273,903号が含まれる。
Claims (28)
-
架橋した形態にある請求項2若しくは請求項3に記載の共重合体、架橋した形態にある請求項2若しくは請求項3に記載の共重合体のうちの異なる分子量の配合物、又は請求項2若しくは請求項3に記載の共重合体のうちの単一の分子量若しくは異なる分子量の配合物と、1種以上の小分子重合可能試薬と、を架橋した形態で含む、架橋したネットワーク。 - 架橋した形態にある請求項7に記載の共重合体と、
架橋した形態にある請求項7に記載の共重合体のうちの異なる分子量の配合物、又は請求項7に記載の共重合体のうちの単一の分子量若しくは異なる分子量の配合物と、1種以上の小分子重合可能試薬と、を架橋した形態で含む、架橋したネットワーク。 - 前記末端官能化共重合体を、熱、光、フリーラジカル開始剤、又はエポキシ試薬のうちの1種以上を含む架橋剤へ曝露することによって架橋反応を開始することをさらに含む、請求項9又は10に記載の方法。
- 前記架橋反応が、前記末端官能化共重合体のうちの異なる分子量の配合物を架橋すること、又は前記末端官能化共重合体のうちの単一の分子量と若しくは異なる分子量の配合物と、1種以上の重合可能試薬とを架橋することを含む、請求項11に記載の方法。
-
及び
をアミノフェノールと又はアミノフェノールなしで反応させて、フェノール末端基又はアミノフェノール末端基を有する共重合体を生成することであって、各L1が独立して
前記共重合体をスルホン化して、L2の1つの又はあらゆる芳香環上に単一のSO3Z置換基を生成することであって、Zが対イオンである、生成することと、
- 前記末端官能化反応が、共重合体若しくはポストスルホン化共重合体とのものであるか、又は前記スルホン化反応が、前記共重合体若しくは前記末端官能化共重合体とのものである、請求項14に記載の方法。
-
前記末端官能化共重合体を、熱、光、フリーラジカル開始剤、又はエポキシ試薬のうちの1種以上を含む架橋剤へ供することによって、架橋反応を開始することをさらに含む、請求項13〜15のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 前記架橋反応が、前記末端官能化共重合体のうちの異なる分子量の配合物を架橋すること、又は前記末端官能化共重合体のうちの単一の分子量と若しくは異なる分子量の配合物と、1種以上の重合可能試薬とを架橋することを含む、請求項16に記載の方法。
-
及び
をアミノフェノールと又はアミノフェノールなしで反応させて、フェノール末端基又はアミノフェノール末端基を有する共重合体を生成することであって、各L1が独立して
前記末端官能化共重合体を、熱、光、フリーラジカル開始剤、又はエポキシ試薬のうちの1種以上を含む架橋剤へ供することによって、架橋反応を開始することであって、前記架橋反応は、前記末端官能化共重合体の異なる分子量の配合物を架橋すること、又は前記末端官能化共重合体の単一の分子量と若しくは異なる分子量の配合物と、1種以上の重合可能試薬とを架橋することを含む、開始することと、
前記架橋した共重合体をスルホン化して、L2のいくつかの、1つの又はあらゆる芳香環の上に単一のSO3Z置換基を生成することであって、Zが対イオンである、生成することと、を含む、方法。 - 請求項1〜3又は5〜7のいずれか一項に記載の共重合体を含む、水淡水化膜。
- 多価のカチオンの存在下で95%を超える水溶性の一価のイオンの排除を呈する、請求項19に記載の水淡水化膜。
- 請求項4に記載の架橋したネットワークを含む、水淡水化膜。
- 多価のカチオンの存在下で95%を超える水溶性の一価のイオンの排除を呈する、請求項21に記載の水淡水化膜。
- 請求項8に記載の架橋したネットワークを含む、水淡水化膜。
- 多価のカチオンの存在下で95%を超える水溶性の一価のイオンの排除を呈する、請求項23に記載の水淡水化膜。
- 水淡水化膜の第1の側部を塩水溶液へ曝露することであって、前記塩水溶液が、一価のカチオン及び多価のカチオンの混合物を含み、前記水淡水化膜が、請求項19に記載の水淡水化膜を含んでいる、曝露することと、
前記塩水溶液を加圧して、逆浸透過程を駆動させることであって、前記塩水溶液からの水が、前記水淡水化膜の前記第1の側部から前記水淡水化膜の第2の側部へと通過し、かつ一価のイオンの少なくとも95%が前記多価のカチオンの存在下で前記水淡水化膜を通過するのを拒絶される、駆動させることと、を含む、方法。 - 前記水淡水化膜が、請求項20〜24のいずれか一項に記載の水淡水化膜を含んでいる、請求項25に記載の方法。
- 前記多価のカチオンの濃度が少なくとも100百万分率であり、前記一価のカチオンの濃度が少なくとも100百万分率である、請求項25又は請求項26に記載の方法。
- 前記塩水溶液には、塩素系滅菌剤が含まれており、前記水淡水化膜が、z前記塩素系滅菌剤によって実質的には酸化しないままである、請求項25及び26に記載の方法。
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