JP2021182562A - 蓄電池の製造方法、蓄電池、全固体電池 - Google Patents
蓄電池の製造方法、蓄電池、全固体電池 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
一方文献2においてはスラリーの溶媒分を揮発させるのに80℃で30分を要する為リチウムイオンバッテリーの例えば100m/分の現行ラインスピードの代替にするには余りにもラインが長くなりすぎるか、ラインスピードを落とさざるを得ない課題があった。
またいずれの方式もスラリーのバインダーを無くするか、僅少にすると一般的な循環装置ではスラリーが滞りやすい箇所で粒子の沈殿が発生しリチウム電池の電極形成で使用されているダイヘッドでは塗工ができなかった。
本発明では固体電解質粒子である硫化物系、酸化物系の種類を問わない。また正極用または負極用活物質粒子の種類を問わない。
例えば電解質が硫化物系の例えばLPSの場合、正極はリチウム硫黄(Li2S)粒子または硫黄(S8)で良く、負極はグラファイトとシリコンの粒子で良い。
対象物とは正極層、負極層、電解質層及び集電体である。電極スラリー粒子を付着させる場合の対象物は集電体または電解質層であり、電解質スラリー粒子を付着させる場合は主に正極、負極層である。電解質粒子を正極、負極の活物質などの粒子と一緒に集電体に付着させて電極にすることも含まれる。
そのため付着する効率も通常のスプレイの30〜50%程度に対して95%以上と高く経済的でもある。
パルスで行うことにより例えば導電助剤などの塗布量を通常のスプレイの10分の1以下にすることもできるので活物質との比率を調整する場合極めて便利である。
距離が短いほど、スプレイパターン角度が狭いほどインパクトは向上する。
同様に正極用集電体に正極用活物質と電解質用スラリーを交互に積層することができる。更に図示していないヘッドを追加して導電助剤のスラリーをパルス的に微量に23あるいは24のヘッドと交互にスプレイできる。
ロールを回転させ、溝に充填されたスラリーを圧縮ガスで粒子化させ対象物に付着させることができる。対象物のスピードは理論的に毎分当たり100メートル以上にすることができる。対象物の移動方向に直交してスラリーの数分、また積層回数の数分のロール装置を配置したら良い。
また同じく本発明人が発明した特開平06−86956を応用しても良い。対象物の幅より広い幅の円筒スクリーンまたはシームレスベルトに貫通した無数の孔例えば直径150マイクロメートル程度の孔にスラリーを充填し対象物と対峙した箇所で液化ガスや圧縮ガスで吹き出すことにより微細に粒子化して対象物に全面に均一に付着する。市販のスクリーン印刷用のロータリースクリーン用のスクリーンを代用すると安価である。また対象物より幅広の円筒パイプに例えば直径0.3mm または0.5mm程度の孔をピッチ1.5mmで千鳥に開けて同様な効果を得ることができる。
上記二つの方法は粒子化して吹き出す位置と対象物の距離は70ミリメートル以下にした方がインパクト効果が向上するので良い。
また上記二つの方法は容積式供給方法を兼ね回転スピードを変えることによりライン追従もできるので高価なポンプやコントローラーなどが不要であり、かつロールコーターやロータリースクリーンプリンターのRoll to Rollの延長線上で装置設計や製造ができるので一部の従来のリチウム電池の電極ラインを改造して利用することも可能である。
移動はパルス的に行うと付着効率とインパクトが高まるのでなお良い。
2,4 電極用活物質スプレイ粒子
2’ 電極用活物質
3,5 電解質スプレイ粒子
3’ 電解質粒子
6 溶媒等スプレイ粒子
7 電極用活物質スプレイ粒子群
8 電解質スプレイ粒子群
10 負極集電体
11 正極層
12 電解質層
13 負極層
21,22,23,24,25 スプレイヘッド
31,31’ ロール
Claims (12)
- 蓄電池の製造方法であって、対象物に電極を形成するにあたり、複数の電極スラリーを独立した複数のヘッドにより塗布し積層することを特徴とする蓄電池の製造方法。
- 前記複数のスラリーの少なくとも一つは異種の複数の粒子が含まれるスラリーであることを特徴とする請求項1の蓄電池の製造方法。
- 前記複数の異種のスラリーの内、少なくとも一つは活物質または活物質が主体となるスラリーであって、少なくとも一つは導電助剤又は導電助剤が主体となるスラリーであることを特徴とする請求項1または2の蓄電池の製造方法。
- 前記スラリー塗布時、基材は30乃至150℃に加熱されていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至3の蓄電池の製造方法。
- 前記塗布は前記スラリーを粒子発生装置により前記基材に塗布することを特徴とする請求項1乃至4の蓄電池の製造方法。
- 前記ヘッドの少なくとも一つは前記基材移動方向に回転移動する多孔円筒体または多孔シームレスベルトの孔に充填したスラリーをまたは、回転する広幅ロールに形成された複数の溝に充填されたスラリーを圧縮ガスまたは液化ガスで噴出し粒子にして塗布することを特徴とする請求項1乃至5の蓄電池の製造方法。
- 前記少なくとも一つのスラリーの塗布はヘッドを前記基材移動方向に積層回数分、複数配列し積層することを特徴とする請求項1乃至6の蓄電池の製造方法。
- 前記蓄電池が全固体電池であって、前記複数のスラリーのいずれかの中に、活物質粒子、電解質粒子、導電助剤が含有されることを特徴とする請求項1乃至7の蓄電池の製造方法。
- 前記塗布はダイコート、ロールコート、スクリーンコート、カーテンコートによる積層を含み少なくとも前記基材との界面のみスプレイまたは粒子発生装置による塗布で行うことを特徴とする請求項1乃至8の蓄電池の製造方法。
- 前記スプレイまたは粒子発生装置による塗布は薄膜で何重にも塗布することを特徴とする請求項1乃至9の蓄電池の製造方法。
- 集電体に負極と正極を形成して、中間に電解質層を介在させる蓄電池であって、活物質粒子または活物質が主体の電極スラリーと導電助剤または導電助剤が主体のスラリーを別々の塗布装置で交互に薄膜で集電体に塗布して電極を形成してなる蓄電池。
- 前記蓄電池が正極層、電解質層、負極層からなる全固体電池であって、集電体に独立した複数のヘッドにより主に活物質からなるスラリーおよび主に電解質からなるスラリーを交互に薄膜で積層して正極層を作成し、電解質スラリーを前記正極層または負極層に塗布して、集電体、正極層、電解質層、負極層、集電体の順に積層してなる全固体電池。
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