JP2021131134A - 液化ガスタンク、船舶 - Google Patents
液化ガスタンク、船舶 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2021131134A JP2021131134A JP2020027061A JP2020027061A JP2021131134A JP 2021131134 A JP2021131134 A JP 2021131134A JP 2020027061 A JP2020027061 A JP 2020027061A JP 2020027061 A JP2020027061 A JP 2020027061A JP 2021131134 A JP2021131134 A JP 2021131134A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquefied gas
- thin film
- tank
- film layer
- tank body
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001374 Invar Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 104
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003915 liquefied petroleum gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000617 Mangalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QFGIVKNKFPCKAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mn].[C] Chemical compound [Mn].[C] QFGIVKNKFPCKAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/08—Mounting arrangements for vessels
- F17C13/082—Mounting arrangements for vessels for large sea-borne storage vessels
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-
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- B63B25/16—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed heat-insulated
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- B63B2025/087—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid comprising self-contained tanks installed in the ship structure as separate units
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
Description
図1、図2に示すように、本開示の実施形態の船舶1Aは、液化天然ガス、液化石油ガス、液体二酸化炭素、液体アンモニア等の液化ガスを運搬する。この船舶1Aは、船体2と、液化ガスタンク20Aと、を少なくとも備えている。
タンク本体21Aは、液化ガスタンク20Aの外殻を形成する。タンク本体21Aは、内部に収容空間Sを形成する。この実施形態において、タンク本体21Aは、球形をなしている。タンク本体21Aは、下半部21aと、上半部21bと、を備えている。
本実施例において、タンク本体21Aは、その軸線aが、船体2の船首尾方向Da中心及び船幅方向Dw中心に位置するように配されている(図1参照)。但し、本発明において、船体2における液化ガスタンク20Aの配置は本事例に限定しない。
なお、タンク本体21Aは、上記に示した形状に限らない。タンク本体21Aは、上半部21bと下半部21aとの間に、円筒状部(図示無し)等を備える構成とすることも可能である。
薄膜層23の厚さT3は、タンク本体21Aの厚さT1よりも小さい。薄膜層23の厚さT3は、例えば、0.5mm〜2mmとするのが好ましく、さらに、0.7〜1.2mm程度とするのが好ましい。
図3に示すように、薄膜層23は、中間層22の内面22fに対して接合されておらず、熱変形等の際に中間層22に対して独立して変位可能とされている。薄膜層23は、熱変形を吸収する変形吸収部27を備えている。この変形吸収部27は、例えば、図3に示す断面における薄膜層23の周方向Dcの一部に設けられている。変形吸収部27は、薄膜層23の周方向Dcの一部を液化ガスタンク20Aの径方向Drの外側と内側とに交互に蛇腹状に折り曲げて形成されている。変形吸収部27は、例えば、液化ガスタンク20Aの中心O1周りに環状に形成され、液化ガスタンク20A内に液化ガスを収容した場合に薄膜層23に生じる熱収縮を吸収する。より詳しくは、薄膜層23が周方向Dcに熱収縮すると、蛇腹状の変形吸収部27が伸長するように変形する。この変形吸収部27が、薄膜層23の熱収縮を吸収することにより、薄膜層23には過大な熱応力が発生することはない。なお、変形吸収部27は、一つの薄膜層23の複数箇所に設けてもよい。
このように、中間層22をコンクリートから形成することで、液化ガスによる圧力が薄膜層23を介して中間層22に作用した場合に、その圧力を強固に受け止めることができる。
そのため、液化ガスによる温度変化に応じて薄膜層23に熱収縮が生じた場合に、薄膜層23が中間層22に拘束されることなく、熱収縮による変位を許容することができる。これにより、熱収縮によって薄膜層23に応力が生じることを抑えられる。
そのため、液化ガスによる温度変化に応じて薄膜層23に熱収縮が生じた場合、変形吸収部27により、薄膜層23の熱変形を吸収することができる。
このように薄膜層23にステンレス鋼又はインバー材を用いることで、例えば、液化ガスとして、液体アンモニア等を液化ガスタンク20A内に収容した場合であっても、液化ガスと薄膜層23との接触によって化学反応が生じてしまうことを抑えることができる。
この船舶1Aによれば、液化ガスタンク20Aの大容量化を図ることができるため、液化ガスタンク20Aを搭載する個数を低減することができる。そのため、船舶1Aのコスト上昇を抑えることが可能となる。
なお、上記実施形態及び変形例では、液化ガスタンク20A、20Bを、船体2内に形成された貨物搭載区画8内に設ける構成としたが、これに限るものではなく、例えば、液化ガスタンク20A、20Bの全体または一部を、上甲板5上に設けるようにしてもよいし、上甲板5より下方に設けるようにしてもよい。
各実施形態に記載の液化ガスタンク20A、20B、船舶1A、1Bは、例えば以下のように把握される。
また、低温の液化ガスからタンク本体21A、21Bへの熱伝達が防熱材22mによって抑えられ、タンク本体21A、21Bの温度低下が抑えられる。これにより、タンク本体21A、21Bに低温靱性に対する要求が緩和される。加えて、低温靱性に関する要件が緩和されることから、タンク本体21A、21Bの厚さ制限が解除され、タンク本体21A、21Bの厚さT1を増大させることが可能となる。その結果、タンク本体21A、21Bに、より廉価な材料を使用することが可能となる。また、タンク本体21A、21Bの厚さT1を増大させることで、タンク本体21A、21Bの大型化も可能となる。
また、タンク本体21A、21Bよりも熱伝導率の小さい防熱材22mにより、液化ガスタンク20A、20Bの外部からの熱の侵入を抑え、低温な液化ガスの温度上昇を抑えることもできる。これにより、液化ガスタンク20A、20Bの外部に設置する外部防熱材(図示無し)の量を減らすことができ、製造コストを抑えることが可能となる。
このようにして、コスト上昇を抑えつつ、タンクの大容量化を図ることが可能となる。
2…船体
2a…船首
2b…船尾
3A、3B…舷側
4…船底
5…上甲板
7…上部構造
8…貨物搭載区画
9…ファウンデーションデッキ部
20A、20B…液化ガスタンク
20a…上部
21A、21B…タンク本体
21a…下半部
21b…上半部
21d…筒状部
21e…半球状部
21f…内面
22…中間層
22f…内面
22m…防熱材
23…薄膜層
25…タンクカバー
27…変形吸収部
30…スカート
S…収容空間
Claims (6)
- 内部に収容空間を形成するタンク本体と、
前記タンク本体の内面を覆い、前記タンク本体よりも熱伝導率の小さい防熱材によって形成された中間層と、
前記中間層の内面を覆い、内側に液化ガスを液密に収容可能とされた薄膜層と、
を備える液化ガスタンク。 - 前記中間層は、コンクリートからなる
請求項1に記載の液化ガスタンク。 - 前記薄膜層は、熱変形の際に前記中間層に対して独立して変位可能である
請求項1又は2に記載の液化ガスタンク。 - 前記薄膜層は、熱変形を吸収する変形吸収部を備える
請求項3に記載の液化ガスタンク。 - 前記薄膜層は、ステンレス鋼又はインバー材からなる
請求項1から4の何れか一項に記載の液化ガスタンク。 - 船体と、
前記船体に設けられた、請求項1から5の何れか一項に記載の液化ガスタンクと、
を備える船舶。
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KR1020227024841A KR20220116271A (ko) | 2020-02-20 | 2020-12-23 | 액화 가스 탱크, 선박 |
EP20919791.2A EP4089313A4 (en) | 2020-02-20 | 2020-12-23 | LIQUEFIED GAS TANK AND VESSEL |
CN202080095548.2A CN115038651B (zh) | 2020-02-20 | 2020-12-23 | 液化气罐及船舶 |
AU2020430102A AU2020430102B2 (en) | 2020-02-20 | 2020-12-23 | Liquefied gas tank and ship |
PCT/JP2020/048243 WO2021166435A1 (ja) | 2020-02-20 | 2020-12-23 | 液化ガスタンク、船舶 |
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CN115038651B (zh) | 2024-01-05 |
JP7412214B2 (ja) | 2024-01-12 |
EP4089313A1 (en) | 2022-11-16 |
AU2020430102B2 (en) | 2024-07-25 |
KR20220116271A (ko) | 2022-08-22 |
CN115038651A (zh) | 2022-09-09 |
WO2021166435A1 (ja) | 2021-08-26 |
EP4089313A4 (en) | 2023-03-15 |
AU2020430102A1 (en) | 2022-08-11 |
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