JP2021080274A - 過体重および肥満を治療する方法 - Google Patents
過体重および肥満を治療する方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
好ましくは、ウェブをベースにしたプログラムは、目標設定および追跡ツールを伴う漸進的な栄養およびフィットネスプログラムを提供する。各対象は、プログラムの初めから終わりまでオンラインで彼らに助言する健康およびフィットネスの専門家に割り振られる。さらなる教育ツールは、規則的間隔で提供されるビデオ授業(Table 1(表1))で補足される、ウェブをベースにした毎週の情報、教育および動機づけの方策を包含する。プログラムのコンテンツは、その週の目標を知らせ、動機づけを提供し、かつ継続的参加を激励する毎週のeメール;各週のテーマ(Table 1(表1))をMyWeightMate.com主題ページに配置される詳細な説明およびこれらの目標を達成するための戦略と一緒に並べた毎週の目標(eメールからの);対象が毎週の彼らの目標に達するのを助けるためにユーザーページに掲示される毎週3篇のさらなるコンテンツ(秘訣および教育的情報);参加者のページに掲示されるその週の初めから終わりまでの動機づけのメッセージ;行動(すなわち、プログラム活動への不参加、成功裡の実施記録)に基づいてユーザーに送付される実行を誘導するeメール;参加者が見るようにMyWeightMate.comサイト上に提供され、かつ将来のアクセスのために保管されるビデオ授業;最初の16週間では毎週の、次の12週では隔週の、残りの研究継続期間では毎月の、および3年目および4年目の試練中の各年では4週間に1回の会合を含む2回の更新勧誘からなる。ビデオ授業は、関連性のある話題に焦点を当て、主題の専門家によって開発される。
一部の実施形態において、電話をベースにしたプログラムは、1または複数回の通話を介する個人化された指導を含む。一実施形態において、治療を受ける対象への通話は、献身的な指導員によって実施される。別の実施形態において、治療を受ける対象への通話は、公認栄養士によって実施される。一部のこのような実施形態において、電話をベースにしたプログラムは、最初の3〜8カ月、好ましくは6カ月の治療にわたる6〜15回、好ましくは12回の予定された通話を含む。前記の予定された通話の話題は、認知行動指導および栄養指導(例えば、Table 2 (表2)を参照されたい)を含むことができる。一部のこのような実施形態において、電話をベースにしたプログラムは、次の3〜8カ月、好ましくは6カ月の治療にわたる6〜15回、好ましくは12回のさらなる通話を含む。
以下の実施例は、非限定的なものであり、本発明の様々な態様を単に代表するものである。
Claims (35)
- 有害な心血管アウトカムのリスクが増大している対象を過体重または肥満について治療する方法であって、
有害な心血管アウトカムのリスクが増大している過体重または肥満の対象を同定する工程、ならびに
前記対象に治療有効量の徐放性ナルトレキソンまたはその薬学上許容される塩および徐放性ブプロピオンまたはその薬学上許容される塩を投与する工程
を含む方法。 - 前記過体重または肥満の対象が、
a)前記同定の3カ月前より以前に記録された心筋梗塞の病歴、
冠動脈バイパス移植手術、ステント留置、経皮経管冠動脈形成、またはレーザーアテローム切除を含む冠動脈血管再生の病歴、
頸動脈内膜切除、下肢アテローム硬化性疾患のアテローム切除、腹部大動脈瘤の修復、大腿または膝窩バイパスを含む頸動脈または末梢血管再生の病歴、
段階的運動負荷試験または陽性心臓画像研究での虚血性変化、ECG変化を伴う狭心症、
前記同定前の2年以内の簡単な触診で評価された0.9未満の足関節上腕血圧指数、および
前記同定前の2年以内の冠動脈、頸動脈、または下肢動脈の50%以上の狭窄
からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つのリスク因子を伴う心血管疾患を有すると診断されている、ならびに/または
b)薬物療法で、または薬物療法なしで145/95mmHg未満にコントロールされた高血圧、
薬物療法を必要とする脂質異常症、
前記同定前の12カ月以内に女性で50mg/dL未満、男性で40mg/dL未満と記録された低HDLコレステロール、および
現タバコ喫煙者
からなる群から選択される少なくとも2つのリスク因子を伴う2型糖尿病を有すると診断されている場合、前記対象は、有害な心血管アウトカムのリスクが増大していると同定される、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記対象が、2種の配列:徐放性ナルトレキソンまたはその薬学上許容される塩および徐放性ブプロピオンまたはその薬学上許容される塩を含む試験用有効薬剤を1日1回1週間、それに続いてプラセボを1日1回1週間;あるいはプラセボを1週間、それに続いて徐放性ナルトレキソンまたはその薬学上許容される塩および徐放性ブプロピオンまたはその薬学上許容される塩を含む試験用有効薬剤を1週間のうちの一方による治療を受ける、2週間の導入期間をさらに含む、請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 対象が、前記同定前の3カ月以内の心筋梗塞;カナダ心臓血管学会の重症度分類によるIII度またはIV度の狭心症;脳卒中を含む脳血管性疾患の臨床病歴;洞性頻脈以外の頻脈性不整脈の病歴;抗高血圧薬での治療にもかかわらず145/95mmHg以上である血圧;前記同定前の3カ月以内の体重不安定;計画された肥満外科手術、心臓手術または冠動脈血管形成;30mL/分未満の予測GFRで定義される重症腎障害;肝不全の臨床病歴または正常上限の3倍を超えると記録されたALTまたはAST;HIVまたは肝炎への既知の感染;オピオイドの長期使用またはオピオイドスクリーニング陽性;ニコチン依存以外の前記同定前の6カ月以内の最近の薬物またはアルコール乱用または依存;熱性痙攣、頭蓋外傷、または対象を痙攣にかかりやすくするその他の状態を含む痙攣の病歴;躁病の病歴、または能動性精神病、むちゃ食い障害ではない活動性過食または神経性食欲不振であるとの最近の診断;自殺企画のリスク;抑うつ症に対する長期治療でも安定でない対象であるが、抑うつ症の新たな開始または症状の急性憎悪を含む急性抑うつ性疾病;鬱血性心不全NYHAクラス3または4を含む平均余命が4年未満と予想される任意の状態;非黒色腫皮膚がんまたは手術的に治療された頸部がんを含まない5年前以内の悪性腫瘍の病歴;その他のブプロピオンまたはナルトレキソン含有製品の最近の使用;ナルトレキソンまたはブプロピオンに対する過敏性または非耐性の病歴;前記同定前の14日以内のモノアミンオキシダーゼ阻害薬の使用;前記同定前の30日以内の任意の治験薬、デバイス、または処置の使用;妊娠または授乳中の女性、または最近、妊娠する努力をしている女性、または1年以内に月経周期を有し、かつ受胎調節の実践に同意しない閉経期前後の女性を含む潜在的出産能力のある女性;ブロードバンドインターネットに常にアクセスする能力がないことからなる群から選択される1つまたは複数の特徴を有さない、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 過体重または肥満の対象を同定する工程、および
前記対象に治療有効量の徐放性ナルトレキソンまたはその薬学上許容される塩および徐放性ブプロピオンまたはその薬学上許容される塩を、ウェブをベースにした体重管理プログラム、電話をベースにした体重管理プログラム、またはこれらの組合せと組み合わせて投与する工程を含む、対象を過体重または肥満について治療する方法。 - 同定された対象が、30以上45kg/m2以下のBMIを有し、合併症のない肥満を伴う、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 同定された対象が、27以上45kg/m2以下のBMIを有し、脂質異常症および/またはコントロールされた高血圧を伴う、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 対象が、1型または2型糖尿病診断の病歴;前記同定前の6カ月以内の心筋梗塞;カナダ心臓血管学会の重症度分類によるIII度またはIV度の狭心症;虚血性および出血性脳卒中を含む大型血管皮質脳卒中の臨床病歴;149/95mmHg以上の血圧;前記同定前の4週間以内の脂質低下薬の開始または変更;痙攣、頭蓋外傷、過食、食欲不振、または対象を痙攣にかかりやすくするその他の状態の病歴;前記同定前の3カ月以内の体重不安定;前記同定前の1カ月以内の体重減少を意図した処方薬またはOTC薬の使用、あるいは体重減少プログラムへの参加;肥満に対して計画された手術またはデバイスでの介入;30mL/分/1.73m2未満の予測糸球体濾過速度(GFR)で定義される重症腎障害の最近の病歴;肝不全または正常上限の3倍を超えて最近記録されたアスパラギン酸アミノトランスフェラーゼ(ALT)またはアラニンアミノトランスフェラーゼ(AST)の臨床病歴;126mg/dL以上の絶食時グルコースまたは400mg/dL以上の絶食時トリグリセリド;HIVまたは肝炎への既知の感染;オピオイドの長期使用またはオピオイドスクリーニング陽性;前記同定前の6カ月以内の薬物またはアルコール乱用または依存、あるいは尿中薬物スクリーニング陽性;前記同定前の6カ月以内のタバコ製品の規則的使用またはニコチン置換製品の使用;躁病の病歴、または能動性精神病の最近の診断;自殺企画のリスク;抑うつ症に対する長期治療で安定でない対象であるが、抑うつ症の新たな開始または症状の急性憎悪を含む急性抑うつ性疾病;その他のブプロピオンまたはナルトレキソン含有製品の最近の使用;ナルトレキソンまたはブプロピオンに対する過敏性または非耐性の病歴;前記同定前の14日以内の抗痙攣薬、ドーパミン作動薬、テオフィリン、もしくは経口コルチコステロイドの最近の使用、またはモノアミンオキシダーゼ阻害薬の使用;前記同定前の30日以内の任意の治験薬、デバイス、または処置の使用;妊娠または授乳中の女性、最近、妊娠する努力をしている女性、1年以内に月経周期を有し、かつ受胎調節の実践に同意しない閉経期前後の女性を含む潜在的出産能力のある女性;規則的な中強度の運動を実施する能力がないか気が進まないこと;eメールの使用およびCLIプログラムへのアクセスの試験を完了する能力がないことからなる群から
選択される1つまたは複数の特徴を有さない、請求項5から7のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 前記対象が、少なくとも26週間治療される、請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記対象に、ウェブをベースにした体重管理プログラム、電話をベースにした体重管理プログラム、またはこれらの組合せを提供することをさらに含む、請求項1から9のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記電話をベースにした体重管理プログラムが、前記対象に対する1または複数回の指導通話を含む、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記電話をベースにした体重管理プログラムが、任意選択で、1つまたは複数のウェブでの指導ツールを含む、請求項10または11に記載の方法。
- 前記ウェブをベースにした、または電話をベースにした体重管理プログラムが、前記対象に、1または複数回の行動、栄養またはフィットネス教育を提供する、請求項10から12のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記教育が、訓練された健康またはフィットネス指導員および/または公認栄養士によって実現される、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 前記訓練された健康またはフィットネス指導員および/または公認栄養士が、電話を介してまたは前記対象のためのウェブサイトを介して対象に助言し、秘訣および動機づけのメッセージ;質疑応答を介する指導;ウェブサイトを介する前記対象の質問に対する即時応答のための毎週の診断時間;毎週の教育資料;ビデオ授業;バッジ授与を伴う体重、運動または食事の追跡;目標設定;進捗状況の追跡;および体重管理プログラムに従事するように対象を激励するためのコミュニケーションからなる群から選択される話題の1つまたは複数を提供する、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記体重管理プログラムが、各週の新たな行動、栄養および/またはフィットネス教育のテーマ、および2つまたはそれ以上の目標を導入する工程;各週の前記新たなテーマおよび目標に関連する情報コンテンツおよび/またはビデオ授業を提供する工程;ならびに週の1日または複数日に前記訓練された健康またはフィットネス指導員から前記対象への1回または複数回の動機づけのメッセージを提供する工程を含む、請求項10から15のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記体重管理プログラムが、前記訓練された健康またはフィットネス指導員が前記対象に即時的な質問および返答応答のための予定表を提供することを含む、請求項10から16のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記体重管理プログラムが、前記対象の体重を毎週記録する工程、前記対象の食物摂取を毎日誌録する工程、および前記対象の活動を毎日誌録する工程から選択される1つまたは複数の活動を含む、請求項10から17のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記体重管理プログラムが、前記対象が前記対象の食物摂取を記録する工程を含み、前記プログラムが、特定食物および/または食事に関するカロリーのコンピューターデータベースを使用して、前記記録された食物摂取についてのカロリーを追跡することができる、請求項10から18のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記ウェブをベースにした体重管理プログラムが、前記対象が特定のプログラムの目標を満たした場合に、前記対象にバッジを授与することを含む、請求項10から19のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記体重管理プログラムが、前記対象に、体重減少の進捗状況のグラフ表示を提供する工程を含む、請求項10から20のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記対象が、体重管理プログラムの一部として記録される体重減少目標を設定する、請求項10から21のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記体重管理プログラムが、前記対象に、ストレッチング、ウォーキングまたはその他の軽度の心血管活動の指示を提供する工程を含む、請求項10から22のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記体重管理プログラムが、ストレッチおよび運動活動の実行法を実演する短いビデオを提供する工程を含む、請求項10から23のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記体重管理プログラムが、前記対象によって記録された運動および活動記録に基づいて前記対象によって燃焼されたカロリーを追跡する工程を含む、請求項10から24のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 体重管理プログラムが、少なくとも26、52または78週の期間を有する、請求項10から25のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 1日当たり32mgの徐放性ナルトレキソンまたはその薬学上許容される塩、および1日当たり360mgの徐放性ブプロピオンまたはその薬学上許容される塩が、前記対象に投与される、請求項1から26のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 対象に、前記徐放性ナルトレキソンまたはその薬学上許容される塩、および前記徐放性ブプロピオンまたはその薬学上許容される塩を、8mgの徐放性ナルトレキソンおよび90mgの徐放性ブプロピオンを含む錠剤として投与する、請求項1から27のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- ナルトレキソンおよびブプロピオンでの前記治療が、前記対象の有害な心血管アウトカムのリスクを増大させない、請求項1から28のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- ナルトレキソンおよびブプロピオンでの前記治療が、前記対象の有害な心血管アウトカムのリスクを低減する、請求項1から29のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記有害な心血管アウトカムが、心血管疾患死、非致死性心筋梗塞、または非致死性脳卒中である、請求項1から30のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 対象が、少なくとも5%、10%または15%の体重減少比率を達成する、請求項1から31のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 対象が、体重管理プログラムの一部として対面カウンセリングを受けることはない、請求項1から32のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 対象が、体重管理プログラムの一部として5回を超える対面カウンセリングの会合を受けることはない、請求項1から32のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 対象が、体重減少のための集中的行動修正(BMOD)プログラムを受けることはない、請求項1から32のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
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