JP2021028592A - 汚染金属の除染方法及び除染装置 - Google Patents
汚染金属の除染方法及び除染装置 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 238000005202 decontamination Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 230000003588 decontaminative effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 87
- 238000006263 metalation reaction Methods 0.000 title 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 140
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorous acid Chemical compound ClO QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003011 anion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 25
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 34
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 31
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 description 13
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium(0) Chemical compound [U] JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910001504 inorganic chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 4
- -1 etc.) Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010814 metallic waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007922 dissolution test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002901 radioactive waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical compound [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005349 anion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009390 chemical decontamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002848 electrochemical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hcl hcl Chemical compound Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003758 nuclear fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000941 radioactive substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
Claims (9)
- 表面が汚染された金属を、次亜塩素酸を含む酸性電解水で除染することを特徴とする汚染金属の除染方法。
- 請求項1に記載の汚染金属の除染方法において、
電解質水溶液を中間室に供給し、
陰イオン交換膜で前記中間室と仕切られた陽極室の陽極と、陽イオン交換膜で前記中間室と仕切られた陰極室の陰極との間に電圧を印加し、
前記陽極室内に生成される前記酸性電解水で前記金属を除染することを特徴とする汚染金属の除染方法。 - 請求項2に記載の汚染金属の除染方法において、
前記陰極室内に生成されるアルカリ性電解水で、除染後の前記酸性電解水を中和或いは除染後の前記金属を洗浄することを特徴とする汚染金属の除染方法。 - 請求項2または3に記載の汚染金属の除染方法において、
除染後の前記酸性電解水を中和して得られる除染廃液を、前記電解質水溶液として前記中間室に供給することを特徴とする汚染金属の除染方法。 - 請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の汚染金属の除染方法において、
前記金属を超音波振動させながら前記酸性電解水で除染することを特徴とする汚染金属の除染方法。 - 請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の汚染金属の除染方法において、
容器構造の前記金属の内部に前記酸性電解水を供給することによって、当該金属の内部を除染することを特徴とする汚染金属の除染方法。 - 請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の汚染金属の除染方法において、
除染後の前記酸性電解水を中和剤で中和し、
重金属吸着用キレート樹脂が充填された通液筒に、中和後の前記酸性電解水である除染廃液を通液することを特徴とする汚染金属の除染方法。 - 請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の汚染金属の除染方法において、
pH2.6〜2.7の前記酸性電解水で前記金属を除染することを特徴とする汚染金属の除染方法。 - 表面が汚染された金属を収容する除染槽と、
次亜塩素酸を含む酸性電解水を生成して、前記除染槽に供給する電解水生成装置とを備えることを特徴とする除染装置。
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Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH07253496A (ja) * | 1994-03-14 | 1995-10-03 | Toshiba Corp | 放射性金属廃棄物の除染方法およびその装置 |
JP2012503547A (ja) * | 2008-09-25 | 2012-02-09 | ストラテジック リソース オプティミゼーション, インコーポレイテッド | 強化された放射線汚染物質、核汚染物質、および産業的汚染物質に対する電解システムおよび方法 |
JP2013224918A (ja) * | 2012-03-21 | 2013-10-31 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 汚染物質の処理装置及び処理方法 |
WO2013168118A2 (en) * | 2012-05-10 | 2013-11-14 | Ecir - Eco Iniziativa E Realizzazioni - S.R.L. | Method for the conditioning of waste arising from the decommissioning of nuclear plants |
JP2015178061A (ja) * | 2014-03-19 | 2015-10-08 | 株式会社東芝 | 電解水生成装置 |
JP2019162572A (ja) * | 2018-03-19 | 2019-09-26 | 株式会社東芝 | 汚染除去装置、および、汚染除去方法 |
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CN110832343B (zh) | 2017-04-28 | 2024-02-13 | 皇家飞利浦有限公司 | 具有改善的杂波抑制的能量多普勒成像系统和方法 |
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Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH07253496A (ja) * | 1994-03-14 | 1995-10-03 | Toshiba Corp | 放射性金属廃棄物の除染方法およびその装置 |
JP2012503547A (ja) * | 2008-09-25 | 2012-02-09 | ストラテジック リソース オプティミゼーション, インコーポレイテッド | 強化された放射線汚染物質、核汚染物質、および産業的汚染物質に対する電解システムおよび方法 |
JP2013224918A (ja) * | 2012-03-21 | 2013-10-31 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 汚染物質の処理装置及び処理方法 |
WO2013168118A2 (en) * | 2012-05-10 | 2013-11-14 | Ecir - Eco Iniziativa E Realizzazioni - S.R.L. | Method for the conditioning of waste arising from the decommissioning of nuclear plants |
JP2015178061A (ja) * | 2014-03-19 | 2015-10-08 | 株式会社東芝 | 電解水生成装置 |
JP2019162572A (ja) * | 2018-03-19 | 2019-09-26 | 株式会社東芝 | 汚染除去装置、および、汚染除去方法 |
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