JP2020534507A - Gmrによるバイオマーカの検出における被検物質の検知のためのシステムおよび方法 - Google Patents
Gmrによるバイオマーカの検出における被検物質の検知のためのシステムおよび方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、米国特許仮出願第62/711,396号(出願日:2018年7月27日)に基づく優先権を主張するものであり、この米国特許出願の開示は、参照により全体として本明細書に組み込まれる。
PA−LG−PA (I)
式中、PAは光もしくは金属で活性化または活性化された基であり、LGは連結基である。幾つかの実施形態では、PAは同じであり、他の実施形態では、それぞれのPAは異なる。幾つかの実施形態では、PAは光活性化または金属活性化されて、C−Hおよび/またはO−H挿入が可能なナイトレン(nitrene)中間体を形成する。例えば、「Photogenerated reactive intermediates and their properties(光生成反応性中間体とその特性)」、Laboratory Techniques in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (生化学および分子生物学の実験室技術)第2章、Elsevier Press、12:8−24(1983)に記載されている。幾つかの実施形態において、PAは、C−Hおよび/またはO−H挿入が可能なカルベン(carbene)またはカルベノイド中間体を形成するように活性化された金属である。例えば、ドイル他、「Catalytic Carbene Insertion into C−H Bonds(C−H結合への触媒的カルベン挿入)」Chem. Rev.2:704−724(2010)を参照のこと。
PEG−A−LG−A−PHEMA (II)
PEGがポリエチレングリコール部分である場合、Aはそれぞれアジドまたはジアゾの触媒反応からの付着原子であり、すなわちCH2またはNHであり、LGは上記の連結基である。
[金属検出への適用]
Claims (57)
- 対象サンプル内の被検物質の存在を検出する方法であって、
巨大磁気抵抗(GMR)センサのポリマーコーティングされた表面に配置された生体分子を含むセンサを準備する工程を備え、
前記生体分子は、
前記生体分子に共有結合する開裂可能部分と、
前記生体分子の前記開裂可能部分に関連付けられる受容体と、を有し、
開裂は前記対象サンプル中の前記被検物質の存在により触媒作用を受け、前記受容体は磁性ナノ粒子と結合可能であり、
前記方法は更に、
前記対象サンプルを前記センサ上を通過させることにより、前記被検物質が存在する場合に、前記関連付けられる受容体により前記開裂可能部分を前記生体分子から開裂および除去する工程と、
前記対象サンプルを前記センサ上を通過させた後に、磁性粒子を前記センサ上を通過させる工程と、
前記磁性粒子を前記センサ上を通過させる前および後に抵抗値を読み取ることに基づいて、前記GMRセンサの抵抗変化を測定することにより、前記対象サンプル内の前記被検物質の存在を検出する工程と、を備える方法。 - 前記GMRセンサの前記抵抗変化に基づいて、前記対象サンプル内の前記被検物質の濃度を計算する工程を更に備える、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記対象サンプルを前記センサ上を通過させる工程の前に、前記センサの緩衝液洗浄を行う工程を更に備える、請求項1または請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記対象サンプルを前記センサ上を通過させる工程の後であって前記磁気粒子を前記センサ上を通過させる工程の前に、前記センサの緩衝液洗浄を行う工程を更に備える、請求項1から3の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記磁気粒子を前記センサ上を通過させる工程の後に、前記センサの緩衝液洗浄を行う工程を更に備える、請求項1から4の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記被検物質は、金属イオンである、請求項1から5の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記対象サンプルは、水である、請求項1から6の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記対象サンプルは、被験者の血液に由来する、請求項1から6の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記生体分子は、二本鎖DNA(dsDNA)である、請求項1から7の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記受容体は、前記dsDNAの前記二本鎖のうちの1つに共有結合している、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記dsDNAはDNAザイムを含み、前記DNAザイムは前記金属イオンによって活性化される、請求項9または請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記GMRセンサの抵抗変化を測定することは、少なくとも1つの基準抵抗器を使用して前記GMRセンサの抵抗変化の位相敏感解を求めることを含む、請求項1から11の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- 複数の前記生体分子が、前記センサの前記表面に約1×109〜約5×1010個/mm2の密度で付着している、請求項1から12の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- 検出の感度限界は、前記被検物質の約1ナノモルから約10ナノモルの範囲である、請求項1から13の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記対象サンプルを前記センサ上を通過させる工程は、約1μL/分から約20μL/分の流量で前記対象サンプルを前記センサ上を通過させることを含む、請求項1から14の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- 対象サンプル内の被検物質の存在を検出する方法であって、
巨大磁気抵抗(GMR)センサのポリマーコーティングされた表面に配置された生体分子を含むセンサを準備する工程を備え、
前記生体分子は、
抗体の抗原結合部位に結合する抗原部分を有し、前記抗体は、磁性ナノ粒子と結合するように構成された前記抗原結合部位とは別の部分を有し、
前記方法は更に、前記対象サンプルと前記抗体との混合物を前記センサ上を通過させる工程を備え、
前記対象サンプルに前記被検物質が存在する場合、前記抗体の前記抗原結合部位は前記被検物質と結合することにより前記生体分子の前記抗原部分への前記抗体の結合を妨げ、
前記方法は更に、前記混合物を前記センサ上を通過させた後に、磁性粒子を前記センサ上を通過させる工程と、
前記磁性粒子を前記センサ上を通過させる前および後に抵抗値を読み取ることに基づいて、前記GMRセンサの抵抗変化を測定することにより、前記対象サンプル内の前記被検物質の存在を検出する工程と、を備える方法。 - 前記GMRセンサの前記抵抗変化に基づいて、前記対象サンプル内の前記被検物質の濃度を計算する工程を更に備える、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記混合物を前記センサ上を通過させる工程の前に、前記センサの緩衝液洗浄を行う工程を更に備える、請求項16または17に記載の方法。
- 前記混合物を前記センサ上を通過させる工程の後であって前記磁気粒子を前記センサ上を通過させる工程の前に、前記センサの緩衝液洗浄を行う工程を更に備える、請求項16から18の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記磁気粒子を前記センサ上を通過させる工程の後に、前記センサの緩衝液洗浄を行う工程を更に備える、請求項16から19の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記被検物質は、金属イオンである、請求項16から20の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記対象サンプルは、水である、請求項16から21の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記対象サンプルは、被験者の血液に由来する、請求項16から21の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記生体分子は、タンパク質である、請求項16から23の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記タンパク質は、ウシ血清アルブミンである、請求項24に記載の方法。
- 前記GMRセンサの抵抗変化を測定することは、少なくとも1つの基準抵抗器を使用して前記GMRセンサの抵抗変化の位相敏感解を求めることを含む、請求項16から25の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- 複数の前記生体分子が、前記センサの前記表面に約1×109〜約5×1010個/mm2の密度で付着している、請求項16から26の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- 検出の感度限界は、前記金属イオンの約1ナノモルから約10ナノモルの範囲である、請求項16から27の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記混合物を前記センサ上を通過させる工程は、約1μL/分から約20μL/分の流量で前記混合物を前記センサ上を通過させることを含む、請求項16から28の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- 対象サンプル内の被検物質の存在を検出する方法であって、
巨大磁気抵抗(GMR)センサのポリマーコーティングされた表面に配置された生体分子を含むセンサを準備する工程を備え、
前記生体分子は、
検出タンパク質と結合するように構成された結合領域を備え、前記検出タンパク質は前記被検物質とも結合可能であり、
前記検出タンパク質が前記被検物質に結合すると、前記生体分子の前記結合領域へ前記検出タンパク質が結合するのが妨げられ、
前記方法は更に、
前記検出タンパク質を前記センサ上を通過させる工程と、
前記対象サンプルを前記センサ上を通過させる工程と、
前記対象サンプルを前記センサ上を通過させた後、レポータータンパク質を前記センサ上を通過させる工程と、を備え、
前記レポータータンパク質は前記検出タンパク質を結合可能であり、且つ、磁性ナノ粒子に結合するように構成されており、
前記方法は更に、
前記レポータータンパク質を前記センサ上を通過させた後に、磁性粒子を前記センサ上を通過させる工程と、
前記磁性粒子を前記センサ上を通過させる前および後に抵抗値を読み取ることに基づいて、前記GMRセンサの抵抗変化を測定することにより、前記金属イオンの存在を検出する工程と、を備える方法。 - 前記抵抗変化に基づいて、前記対象サンプル内の前記被検物質の濃度を計算する工程を更に備える、請求項30に記載の方法。
- 緩衝液洗浄を一回または複数回行う工程を更に備える、請求項30または31に記載の方法。
- 前記検出タンパク質と前記対象サンプルとを前記センサ上を通過させる前に混合する請求項30から32の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記検出タンパク質が前記センサ上を通過した後に、前記対象サンプルが前記センサ上を通過する、請求項30から33の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記被検物質は、金属イオンである、請求項30から34の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記対象サンプルは、水である、請求項30から35の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記対象サンプルは、被験者の血液に由来する、請求項30から35の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記生体分子は、二本鎖DNA(dsDNA)である、請求項30から37の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記検出タンパク質は、タグを有するヒ素結合調節タンパク質である、請求項30から38の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記検出タンパク質は、タグを有するカドミウム結合調節タンパク質である、請求項30から38の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記タグは、グルタチオンS−トランスフェラーゼである、請求項39または請求項40に記載の方法。
- 前記タグは、ポリヒスチジンである、請求項39または請求項40に記載の方法。
- 前記レポータータンパク質は、ビオチン化抗体である、請求項30から42の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記磁性粒子は、ストレプトアビジン結合ナノ粒子を含む、請求項30から43の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記GMRセンサの抵抗変化を測定することは、少なくとも1つの基準抵抗器を使用して前記GMRセンサの抵抗変化の位相敏感解を求めることを含む、請求項30から44の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- 複数の前記生体分子が、前記センサの前記表面に約1×109〜約5×1010個/mm2の密度で付着している、請求項30から45の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- 検出の感度限界は、前記金属イオンの約1ナノモルから約10ナノモルの範囲である、請求項30から46の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記対象サンプルを前記センサ上を通過させる工程は、約1μL/分から約20μL/分の流量で前記対象サンプルを前記センサ上を通過させることを含む、請求項30から47の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- 対象サンプル内の被検物質の存在を検出する方法であって、
巨大磁気抵抗(GMR)センサのポリマーコーティングされた表面に配置された生体分子を含むセンサを準備する工程を備え、
前記生体分子は、関連付けられる磁気粒子を含み、
前記方法は更に、
前記対象サンプルを前記センサ上を通過させて、前記被検物質が存在する場合、前記生体分子から前記関連付けられる磁性粒子を除去する工程と、
前記対象サンプルを前記センサ上を通過させる前および後に抵抗値を読み取ることに基づいて、前記GMRセンサの抵抗変化を測定することにより、前記対象サンプル内の前記被検物質の存在を検出する工程と、を備え、
前記GMRセンサの抵抗変化を測定することは、少なくとも1つの基準抵抗器を使用して前記GMRセンサの抵抗変化の位相敏感解を求めることを含む、方法。 - 対象サンプル内の被検物質の存在を検出する方法であって、
巨大磁気抵抗(GMR)センサのポリマーコーティングされた表面に配置された第1の生体分子を含むセンサを準備する工程を備え、
前記第1の生体分子は、磁性粒子との結合部位を有する第2の生体分子のコンディショナル結合部位(conditional binding site)を有し、
前記対象サンプルを前記センサ上を通過させる工程と、
前記第2の生体分子を前記センサ上を通過させる工程と、
前記対象サンプルを前記センサ上を通過させた後に、磁性粒子を前記センサ上を通過させる工程と、
前記磁性粒子を前記センサ上を通過させる前および後に抵抗値を読み取ることに基づいて、前記GMRセンサの抵抗変化を測定することにより、前記対象サンプル内の前記被検物質の存在を検出する工程と、を更に備え、
前記GMRセンサの抵抗変化を測定することは、少なくとも1つの基準抵抗器を使用して前記GMRセンサの抵抗変化の位相敏感解を求めることを含む、方法。 - 前記被検物質の存在により、前記第2の生体分子の結合が妨げられる、請求項50に記載の方法。
- 前記被検物質の存在により、前記第2の生体分子と前記第1の生体分子との結合が可能となる、請求項50に記載の方法。
- 対象サンプル内の被検物質の存在を検出する方法であって、
巨大磁気抵抗(GMR)センサのポリマーコーティングされた表面に配置された第1の生体分子を含むセンサを準備する工程を備え、
前記生体分子は、前記被検物質が存在する場合に磁性粒子が結合する結合部位を有し、
前記方法は更に、
前記対象サンプルを前記センサ上を通過させる工程と、
前記対象サンプルを前記センサ上を通過させた後に、磁性粒子を前記センサ上を通過させる工程と、
前記磁性粒子を前記センサ上を通過させる前および後に抵抗値を読み取ることに基づいて、前記GMRセンサの抵抗変化を測定することにより、前記対象サンプル内の前記被検物質の存在を検出する工程と、を備え、
前記GMRセンサの抵抗変化を測定することは、少なくとも1つの基準抵抗器を使用して前記GMRセンサの抵抗変化の位相敏感解を求めることを含む、方法。 - 前記GMRセンサの前記抵抗変化に基づいて、前記対象サンプル内の前記被検物質の濃度を計算する工程を更に備える、請求項49から53の何れか一項記載の方法。
- 前記生体分子は、DNAを含む、請求項49から54の何れか一項記載の方法。
- 前記生体分子は、タンパク質を含む、請求項49から54の何れか一項記載の方法。
- 請求項1から56の何れか一項に記載の方法を実行するように構成されたシステムであって、
サンプル処理サブシステムと、
ポリマーコーティングされた表面に生体分子を有するGMRセンサを含むマイクロ流体ネットワークを備えるセンササブシステムと、
信号をプロセッサへと伝播させるべく、複数の接点パッドに接続された複数の配線と、
プロセッサと、
前記サンプル処理サブシステムおよび前記センササブシステムにおいて、サンプル、試薬および溶媒を移動させるための空気圧制御サブシステムと、を備えるシステム。
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