JP2020534388A - ルイス酸重合触媒 - Google Patents
ルイス酸重合触媒 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2020534388A JP2020534388A JP2020513650A JP2020513650A JP2020534388A JP 2020534388 A JP2020534388 A JP 2020534388A JP 2020513650 A JP2020513650 A JP 2020513650A JP 2020513650 A JP2020513650 A JP 2020513650A JP 2020534388 A JP2020534388 A JP 2020534388A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- bis
- catalyst
- trifluoromethyl
- phenyl
- reactor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000002841 Lewis acid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000002685 polymerization catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- -1 3,5-bis (trifluoromethyl) -substituted phenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical group [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229920001002 functional polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 85
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 82
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 64
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000011968 lewis acid catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000004292 cyclic ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 abstract description 5
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 abstract description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 206
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 174
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 166
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 147
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 125
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 122
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- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 83
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 80
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 66
- 239000003039 volatile agent Substances 0.000 description 65
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- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
- 150000001241 acetals Chemical class 0.000 description 31
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 30
- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetaldehyde Diethyl Acetal Chemical group CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 229920013701 VORANOL™ Polymers 0.000 description 27
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 27
- IJOOHPMOJXWVHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorotrimethylsilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)Cl IJOOHPMOJXWVHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 26
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 25
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- OBAJXDYVZBHCGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane Chemical compound FC1=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1B(C=1C(=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C=1F)F)C1=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1F OBAJXDYVZBHCGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 10
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
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- NYULYVMJIOPWDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-propan-2-yloxyborane Chemical compound FC(C=1C=C(C=C(C=1)C(F)(F)F)B(OC(C)C)C1=CC(=CC(=C1)C(F)(F)F)C(F)(F)F)(F)F NYULYVMJIOPWDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 9
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- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 8
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 150000007527 lewis bases Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 238000000816 matrix-assisted laser desorption--ionisation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002879 Lewis base Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron trifluoride Chemical compound FB(F)F WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
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- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 6
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- QAEDZJGFFMLHHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluoroacetic anhydride Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(=O)OC(=O)C(F)(F)F QAEDZJGFFMLHHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- NHKZNLABLJIOEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-di(propan-2-yloxy)borane Chemical compound FC(C=1C=C(C=C(C=1)C(F)(F)F)B(OC(C)C)OC(C)C)(F)F NHKZNLABLJIOEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
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- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
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- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 5
- CSVCVIHEBDJTCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromo-3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC(Br)=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C1 CSVCVIHEBDJTCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004293 19F NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 4
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- LQAMWKQGTHUPRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-bis[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]borane Chemical compound FC(C=1C=C(C=C(C=1)C(F)(F)F)B(C1=C(C=CC(=C1)C(F)(F)F)C(F)(F)F)C1=CC(=CC(=C1)C(F)(F)F)C(F)(F)F)(F)F LQAMWKQGTHUPRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- GFQNSGHVOFVTLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromo-1,4-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=C(C(F)(F)F)C(Br)=C1 GFQNSGHVOFVTLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical group [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- GYUMNYJZAMSDAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-(2,4,6-trifluorophenyl)borane Chemical compound FC(C=1C=C(C=C(C=1)C(F)(F)F)B(C1=C(C=C(C=C1F)F)F)C1=CC(=CC(=C1)C(F)(F)F)C(F)(F)F)(F)F GYUMNYJZAMSDAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CFZFUDWSRPJSIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-(2,6-difluorophenyl)borane Chemical compound FC(C=1C=C(C=C(C=1)C(F)(F)F)B(C1=C(C=CC=C1F)F)C1=CC(=CC(=C1)C(F)(F)F)C(F)(F)F)(F)F CFZFUDWSRPJSIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OBGNDALXOPFBFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-[2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]borane Chemical compound FC(C=1C=C(C=C(C=1)C(F)(F)F)B(C1=C(C(=C(C(=C1F)F)C(F)(F)F)F)F)C1=CC(=CC(=C1)C(F)(F)F)C(F)(F)F)(F)F OBGNDALXOPFBFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 150000003567 thiocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical class CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000167 toxic agent Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M triflate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000002827 triflate group Chemical class FC(S(=O)(=O)O*)(F)F 0.000 description 1
- YFNKIDBQEZZDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N triglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOCCOC YFNKIDBQEZZDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylolethane Chemical compound OCC(C)(CO)CO QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003260 vortexing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002424 x-ray crystallography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003868 zero point energy Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
%収率=(実際の収量)/(理論上の収量)×100
に従って決定されるものとして周知である。
周知のように、実際の収量および理論上の収量は、重量パーセントまたはモルパーセントに基づいてもよい。実際の%収率は無次元数である。
ルイス酸重合触媒(ルイス酸触媒とも称される)は、一般式M(R1)1(R2)1(R3)1(R4)0または1を有し、式中、Mはホウ素であり、R1は、3,5−ビス(トリフルオロメチル)−置換フェニル基であり、R2は、3,5−ビス(トリフルオロメチル)−置換フェニル基またはセット1の構造から選択される第1の置換フェニル基であり、R3は、独立して、セット1の構造から選択される第2の置換フェニル基であり、任意のR4は、官能基または官能ポリマー基を含む。セット1の構造は、以下の通りである。
触媒成分は、任意にDMC触媒を含み得る。例示的なDMC触媒、およびDMC触媒の生成方法は、例えば、米国特許第3,278,457号、同第3,278,458号、同第3,278,459号、同第3,404,109号、同第3,427,256号、同第3,427,334号、同第3,427,335号、および同第5,470,813号に記載されている。DMC触媒の例示的な種類は、ヘキサシアノコバルト酸亜鉛触媒錯体である。mDMC触媒錯体は、DMC触媒の変更された形成方法を使用して調製され得る。DMC触媒、例えば当該技術分野で既知のものは、ルイス酸触媒を含む触媒系で使用され得る。DMC触媒は、提供される第1または第2の触媒であり得る。
Mb[M1(CN)r(X)t]c[M2(X)6]d・nM3 ×Ay (式1)
式中、MおよびM3は各々金属であり、M1は、Mとは異なる遷移金属である。X1は、M1イオンと配位結合するシアン化物以外の基を表す。M2は、遷移金属である。X2は、M2イオンと配位するシアン化物以外の基を表す。X1またはX2は、各々独立して、ハロゲン、硫酸塩、硝酸塩、リン酸塩、炭酸塩、または塩素酸塩であり得る。例示的な実施形態では、X1およびX2は同じであり、塩化物である。A1はアニオンを表し、b、c、およびdは、静電気的に中性の錯体を反映する数であり、rは4〜6であり、tは0〜2であり、xおよびyは、金属塩M3 xAyの電荷を調整する整数であり、nはゼロまたは正の整数である。例えば、nは0.01〜20である。上記の式は、DMC触媒錯体中にしばしば存在するt−ブタノールなどの中性錯化剤の存在を反映しない。
ポリエーテルポリオールを提供するために使用されるモノマーとしては、エチレンオキシド、プロピレンオキシド(1,2−プロペンオキシド)、およびブチレンオキシド(1,2−ブテンオキシド)から選択される少なくとも1種が挙げられる。モノマーは、加えて、3〜10個の炭素原子(直鎖または分岐鎖)を有する1,2−アルケンオキシドモノマーおよび/またはアリールアルキレンオキシドモノマーから選択される、少なくとも3個の炭素原子を有するアルキレンオキシドモノマーなどの他のモノマーを含み得る。例示的な他のモノマーとしては、ペンチレンオキシド(1,2−エポキシペンタンとしても知られる)、ヘキシレンオキシド(1,2−エポキシヘキサンとしても知られる)、オクチレンオキシド(1,2−エポキシオクタンとしても知られる)、ノニレンオキシド(1,2−エポキシノナンとしても知られる)、デシレンオキシド(1,2−エポキシデカンとしても知られる)、イソブチレンオキシド、4−メチル−1−ペンチレンオキシド、およびスチレンオキシドが挙げられる。
1種以上のルイス酸触媒が、開始剤とも称される低ヒドロキシル当量のスターター化合物のアルコキシル化プロセスで使用される実施形態では、プロセスは、1種以上のアルキレンオキシドの重合によって、スターター化合物から、仕上げられたポリエーテルポリオールへ直接進行し得る。さらに、重合反応中のルイス酸触媒の使用によって、最終生成物の多分散性の増加および/またはアセタール含有量の増加を引き起こす特定の副反応が低減され得る。
触媒合成の一般的な生成は、以下の通りである。別段の記載がない限り、化学物質のすべての実験手順と操作は、窒素パージされたグローブボックスまたはシュレンクラインで実行される。すべてのバルク反応溶媒(トルエン、ジエチルエーテル、ヘキサン、テトラヒドロフラン(THF))を、アルミナおよびQ5反応性スカベンジャーのカラムを通過させることによって乾燥させる。他のすべての溶媒を、Aldrichの無水グレードから購入し、使用前に活性化された3Å分子ふるいの上で保存する。Cambridge Isotope Laboratories,Inc.から入手されたNMR溶媒(CDCl3およびC6D6)を、分子ふるいの上で乾燥させるか、またはC6D6の場合は、Na/K合金を使用して乾燥させる。さらに、1−ブロモ−3,5−ビス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンゼン、1−ブロモ−3,4,5−トリフルオロベンゼン、1−ブロモ−2,6−ジフルオロベンゼン、1−ブロモ−2,4,6−トリフルオロベンゼン、1−ブロモ−2−フルオロ−3−トリフルオロメチルベンゼン、1−ブロモ−2−フルオロ−4−トリフルオロメチルベンゼン、1−ブロモ−2,5−ビス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンゼン、および1−ブロモ−2,4−ジフルオロ−3−トリフルオロメチルベンゼンを、Oakwood Chemicalから購入し、受け取った状態で使用する。1−ブロモ−2,3,5,6−テトラフルオロ−4−トリフルオロメチルベンゼンを、Alfa Aesarから購入し、受け取った状態で使用する。また、n−ブチルリチウム(ヘキサン中の公称1.6または2.5M溶液)、ホウ酸トリイソプロピル、クロロトリメチルシラン、ヘキサクロロベンゼン、および無水HCl(ジエチルエーテル中2.0M溶液)を、Sigma−Aldrichから入手し、受け取った状態で使用する。さらに、n−ブチルリチウム(ヘキサン中の1.6または2.5M溶液)を、使用前に、指示薬として1,10−フェナントロリンと共に、トルエン中の1.00Mデカノールを使用して滴定する。
出発材料、(3,5−ビス(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル)ジイソプロポキシボランを、概念図2に従って調製する。
触媒1は、ビス(3,5−ビス(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル)(3,4,5−トリフルオロフェニル)ボランであり、以下の概念図6に従って調製される。
第2の段階では、N2パージされたグローブボックス内で、8.00g(10.2mmol)の第1の段階からのリチウムビス(ジエチルエーテル化合物)ビス(3,5−ビス(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル)(2,4,6−トリフルオロフェニル)イソプロポキシボレートを、100mLのジエチルエーテルに溶解して、無色の溶液を形成する。クロロトリメチルシラン(3.2mL、2.7g、25mmol)を、室温で撹拌しながら溶液に添加する。混合物を、室温で一晩撹拌させると、多量の沈殿物が形成される。反応混合物のアリコートを取り出し、19F NMR分光法によって分析して、反応が完了したことを確認する。反応混合物をセライトで濾過して、LiClを除去し、揮発物を減圧下で除去する。残留物をベンゼンに抽出し、溶液を濾過し、揮発物を減圧下で除去して、白色の粉末を得る。多核NMR分光法によって、ビス(3,5−ビス(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル)(2,4,6−トリフルオロフェニル)ボランの形成が高純度の形態で確認される。収量:4.99g(86%)。
第3の段階では、N2パージされたグローブボックス内で、4.45g(7.82mmol)の第2の段階からのビス(3,5−ビス(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル)(2,4,6−トリフルオロフェニル)ボランを、エーテル(20mL)に溶解し、THF(2mL)を添加する。揮発物を減圧下で除去して、生成物を白色の固体として得る。白色固体は、ビス(3,5−ビス(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル)(2,4,6−トリフルオロフェニル)ボランのモノTHF付加物として、多核NMR分光法によって特徴付けられる。収量:4.81g(96%)。
ポリオールの調製には、以下の材料が主に使用される。
FV=1−(V2/V1)
FV記述子は、0〜1の間で変化する。この技法は、Pipeline Pilotツールキットを使用して実施される。この手順は、結合解離傾向を理解するために文献で使用されている。
Claims (10)
- ルイス酸重合触媒であって、
一般式M(R1)1(R2)1(R3)1(R4)0または1を含み、式中、Mはホウ素であり、R1、R2、R3、およびR4は、各々独立しており、R1は、3,5−ビス(トリフルオロメチル)−置換フェニル基であり、R2は、前記3,5−ビス(トリフルオロメチル)−置換フェニル基またはセット1の構造から選択される第1の置換フェニル基であり、R3は、独立して、前記セット1の構造から選択される第2の置換フェニル基であり、任意のR4は、官能基または官能ポリマー基を含み、
前記セット1の構造は、
- R2が、前記3,5−ビス(トリフルオロメチル)−置換フェニル基である、請求項1に記載のルイス酸触媒。
- R2が、セット1の構造から選択される前記第1の置換フェニル基である、請求項1に記載のルイス酸触媒。
- 前記ルイス酸触媒が、前記一般式M(R1)1(R2)1(R3)1(R4)1を有する、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- R4が、3〜10個の炭素原子を有する環状エーテルである、請求項4に記載のルイス酸触媒。
- R4が、3〜10個の炭素原子を有するケトンである、請求項4に記載のルイス酸触媒。
- 前記ルイス酸触媒が、ポリエーテルポリオールを形成するための重合触媒である、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載のルイス酸触媒。
- 請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載のルイス酸触媒を含む、仕上げ工程なしのポリオールである、ポリエーテルポリオール。
- 請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載のルイス酸触媒で調製された前記ポリエーテルポリオールとイソシアネートとの反応生成物である、ポリウレタンポリマー。
- ポリエーテルポリオールの生成方法であって、前記方法が、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載のルイス酸触媒を提供することを含む、方法。
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