JP2020526658A - ポリマー体及び金属めっきを含む物品 - Google Patents
ポリマー体及び金属めっきを含む物品 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2020526658A JP2020526658A JP2019565300A JP2019565300A JP2020526658A JP 2020526658 A JP2020526658 A JP 2020526658A JP 2019565300 A JP2019565300 A JP 2019565300A JP 2019565300 A JP2019565300 A JP 2019565300A JP 2020526658 A JP2020526658 A JP 2020526658A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- polyamide
- polymer
- metal
- acid
- vinyllactam
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 171
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 143
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 143
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- -1 C 2 to C 10 -alkenyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 44
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- 229920002292 Nylon 6 Polymers 0.000 claims description 22
- 229920002302 Nylon 6,6 Polymers 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920006111 poly(hexamethylene terephthalamide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- JWYVGKFDLWWQJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenylazepan-2-one Chemical compound C=CN1CCCCCC1=O JWYVGKFDLWWQJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- OSSNTDFYBPYIEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenylimidazole Chemical compound C=CN1C=CN=C1 OSSNTDFYBPYIEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000393 Nylon 6/6T Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920006128 poly(nonamethylene terephthalamide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010456 wollastonite Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052882 wollastonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000008 (C1-C10) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- PBGPBHYPCGDFEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenylpiperidin-2-one Chemical compound C=CN1CCCCC1=O PBGPBHYPCGDFEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000572 Nylon 6/12 Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000299 Nylon 12 Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000305 Nylon 6,10 Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L chromic acid Substances O[Cr](O)(=O)=O KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N furo[3,4-b]pyrazine-5,7-dione Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=N1 AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003189 Nylon 4,6 Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000287 alkaline earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052915 alkaline earth metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940098779 methanesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006082 mold release agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002667 nucleating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- LLLWMXQKXWIRDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenylpyrrolidin-2-one Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O.C=CN1CCCC1=O LLLWMXQKXWIRDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- IXMRJEXTYQCAHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N C=CN1CCCCC1=O.C=CN1CCCCC1=O Chemical compound C=CN1CCCCC1=O.C=CN1CCCCC1=O IXMRJEXTYQCAHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000571 Nylon 11 Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006121 Polyxylylene adipamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000410 antimony oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoantimony Chemical compound [Sb]=O VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006131 poly(hexamethylene isophthalamide-co-terephthalamide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001007 Nylon 4 Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCN NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 19
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 13
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 11
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- VHRGRCVQAFMJIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadaverine Chemical compound NCCCCCN VHRGRCVQAFMJIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 150000003951 lactams Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- KIDHWZJUCRJVML-UHFFFAOYSA-N putrescine Chemical compound NCCCCN KIDHWZJUCRJVML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- JBKVHLHDHHXQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N epsilon-caprolactam Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCN1 JBKVHLHDHHXQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- XUWHAWMETYGRKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N piperidin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCCN1 XUWHAWMETYGRKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 6
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 6
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
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- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 5
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
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- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
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- HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrolidin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCN1 HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000005700 Putrescine Substances 0.000 description 2
- FDLQZKYLHJJBHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-(aminomethyl)phenyl]methanamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=CC(CN)=C1 FDLQZKYLHJJBHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013980 iron oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Fe+2] VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 150000002596 lactones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012245 magnesium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012243 magnesium silicates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MMIPFLVOWGHZQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(3+) Chemical class [Mn+3] MMIPFLVOWGHZQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002960 margaryl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- YACKEPLHDIMKIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylphosphonic acid Chemical class CP(O)(O)=O YACKEPLHDIMKIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012778 molding material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- UOMBONFALRJTIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N morpholin-4-ylborane Chemical compound BN1CCOCC1 UOMBONFALRJTIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001421 myristyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- ZETYUTMSJWMKNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n',n'-trimethylhexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound CNCCCCCCN(C)C ZETYUTMSJWMKNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RKISUIUJZGSLEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[2-(octadecanoylamino)ethyl]octadecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NCCNC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC RKISUIUJZGSLEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-heptadecyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrilotriacetic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- WPBWJEYRHXACLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O.OC(=O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O WPBWJEYRHXACLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000003261 o-tolyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TWHMVKPVFOOAMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCC(O)=O.OC(=O)CCCCCCC(O)=O TWHMVKPVFOOAMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006259 organic additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003002 pH adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002866 paraformaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000002958 pentadecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- YKEKYBOBVREARV-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCC(O)=O.OC(=O)CCCC(O)=O YKEKYBOBVREARV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 1
- WSRHMJYUEZHUCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N perylene-1,2,3,4-tetracarboxylic acid Chemical class C=12C3=CC=CC2=CC=CC=1C1=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=C(C(O)=O)C2=C1C3=CC=C2C(=O)O WSRHMJYUEZHUCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229920006375 polyphtalamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019448 polyvinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- LJCNRYVRMXRIQR-OLXYHTOASA-L potassium sodium L-tartrate Chemical class [Na+].[K+].[O-]C(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O LJCNRYVRMXRIQR-OLXYHTOASA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003873 salicylate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003336 secondary aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006114 semi-crystalline semi-aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006126 semicrystalline polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004756 silanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011006 sodium potassium tartrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HHJJPFYGIRKQOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;oxido-oxo-phenylphosphanium Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][P+](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 HHJJPFYGIRKQOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000527 sonication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004233 talus Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- RILFGEIJJMTZLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrapotassium;dioxido-oxo-phosphonato-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)P([O-])([O-])=O RILFGEIJJMTZLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002076 thermal analysis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009757 thermoplastic moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 210000001685 thyroid gland Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 150000003918 triazines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BPSKTAWBYDTMAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecane-1,13-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCCCCCCCCN BPSKTAWBYDTMAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002889 tridecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- HQUQLFOMPYWACS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate Chemical compound ClCCOP(=O)(OCCCl)OCCCl HQUQLFOMPYWACS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GTRSAMFYSUBAGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-chloropropyl) phosphate Chemical compound CC(Cl)COP(=O)(OCC(C)Cl)OCC(C)Cl GTRSAMFYSUBAGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013799 ultramarine blue Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000002948 undecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940046009 vitamin E Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011709 vitamin E Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014101 wine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003953 γ-lactams Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/54—Electroplating of non-metallic surfaces
- C25D5/56—Electroplating of non-metallic surfaces of plastics
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/1601—Process or apparatus
- C23C18/1633—Process of electroless plating
- C23C18/1635—Composition of the substrate
- C23C18/1639—Substrates other than metallic, e.g. inorganic or organic or non-conductive
- C23C18/1641—Organic substrates, e.g. resin, plastic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/01—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients characterized by their specific function
- C08K3/013—Fillers, pigments or reinforcing additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L31/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid or of a haloformic acid; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L31/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of monocarboxylic acids
- C08L31/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl acetate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L39/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a single or double bond to nitrogen or by a heterocyclic ring containing nitrogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L39/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of monomers containing heterocyclic rings having nitrogen as ring member
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L39/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a single or double bond to nitrogen or by a heterocyclic ring containing nitrogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L39/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of monomers containing heterocyclic rings having nitrogen as ring member
- C08L39/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of N-vinyl-pyrrolidones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L77/00—Compositions of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L77/00—Compositions of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L77/06—Polyamides derived from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/1601—Process or apparatus
- C23C18/1633—Process of electroless plating
- C23C18/1646—Characteristics of the product obtained
- C23C18/165—Multilayered product
- C23C18/1653—Two or more layers with at least one layer obtained by electroless plating and one layer obtained by electroplating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/18—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
- C23C18/20—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of organic surfaces, e.g. resins
- C23C18/2006—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of organic surfaces, e.g. resins by other methods than those of C23C18/22 - C23C18/30
- C23C18/2046—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of organic surfaces, e.g. resins by other methods than those of C23C18/22 - C23C18/30 by chemical pretreatment
- C23C18/2073—Multistep pretreatment
- C23C18/2086—Multistep pretreatment with use of organic or inorganic compounds other than metals, first
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/18—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
- C23C18/20—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of organic surfaces, e.g. resins
- C23C18/22—Roughening, e.g. by etching
- C23C18/24—Roughening, e.g. by etching using acid aqueous solutions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/31—Coating with metals
- C23C18/32—Coating with nickel, cobalt or mixtures thereof with phosphorus or boron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/31—Coating with metals
- C23C18/38—Coating with copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/31—Coating with metals
- C23C18/42—Coating with noble metals
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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Abstract
【解決手段】
本発明は、ポリマー体及び金属めっきを含む物品に関する。この物品において、金属めっきをポリマー体に付着させ、そしてそのポリマー体は成分として、少なくとも1種のポリアミド(A)、少なくとも1種の充填剤(B)、少なくとも1種のポリ−N−ビニルラクタムポリマー(C)、及び任意に、少なくとも1種の添加剤(D)を含む。本発明はまた、この物品を製造する方法、及びこの物品を、例えば自動車用途におけるドアハンドルとして使用する方法に関する。さらに、本発明は、金属めっきした物品の製造にこのポリマー体を使用する方法に関する。
Description
(A)少なくとも1種のポリアミド、
(B)少なくとも1種の充填剤、
(C)少なくとも1種のポリ−N−ビニルラクタムポリマー、及び
(D)任意に少なくとも1種の添加剤
を含む、物品によって達成される。
本発明によれば、ポリマー体は、成分として少なくとも1種のポリアミド(A)、少なくとも1種の充填剤(B)、少なくとも1種のポリ−N−ビニルラクタムポリマー(C)、及び任意に少なくとも1種の添加剤(D)を含んで、使用される。
ポリマー体は、成分(A)として少なくとも1種のポリアミドを含む。本明細書において「少なくとも1種のポリアミド」とは、正確に1種のポリアミド、及び2種以上のポリアミドの混合物も意味する。
PA4 (ピロリドン)
PA6 (ε−カプロラクタム)
PA7 (エタノーラクタム(ethanolactam))
PA8 (カプリルラクタム(capryllactam))
PA9 (9−アミノノナン酸)
PA11 (11−アミノウンデカン酸)
PA12 (ラウロラクタム)
PA46 (テトラメチレンジアミン、アジピン酸)
PA66 (ヘキサメチレンジアミン、アジピン酸)
PA69 (ヘキサメチレンジアミン、アゼライン酸)
PA610 (ヘキサメチレンジアミン、セバシン酸)
PA612 (ヘキサメチレンジアミン、デカンジカルボン酸)
PA613 (ヘキサメチレンジアミン、ウンデカンジカルボン酸)
PA1212 (1,12−ドデカンジアミン、デカンジカルボン酸)
PA1313 (1,13−ジアミノトリデカン、ウンデカンジカルボン酸)
PA6T (ヘキサメチレンジアミン、テレフタル酸)
PA9T (ノニルジアミン、テレフタル酸)
PA MXD6 (m−キシリレンジアミン、アジピン酸)
PA6I (ヘキサメチレンジアミン、イソフタル酸)
PA6−3−T (トリメチルヘキサメチレンジアミン、テレフタル酸)
PA6/6T (PA6及びPA6Tを参照)
PA6/66 (PA6及びPA66を参照)
PA6/12 (PA6及びPA12を参照)
PA66/6/610 (PA66、PA6及びPA610を参照)
PA6I/6T (PA6I及びPA6Tを参照)
PA PACM12 (ジアミノジシクロヘキシルメタン、ラウロラクタム)
PA6I/6T/PACM (PA6I/6T及びジアミノジシクロヘキシルメタンを参照)
PA12/MACMI (ラウロラクタム、ジメチルジアミノジシクロヘキシルメタン、イソフタル酸)
PA12/MACMT (ラウロラクタム、ジメチルジアミノジシクロヘキシルメタン、テレフタル酸)
PA PDA−T (フェニレンジアミン、テレフタル酸)
ポリマー体は、成分(B)として少なくとも1種の充填剤を含む。本明細書において「少なくとも1種の充填剤」とは、正確に1種の充填剤、及び2種以上の充填剤の混合物も意味する。
(X−(CH2)g)k−Si−(O−ChH2h+1)4−k (II)
(式中、
gは、2〜10、好ましくは3〜4であり、
hは、1〜5、好ましくは1〜2であり、
kは、1〜3、好ましくは1であり、及び
Xは、アミノ基、グリシジル基又はヒドロキシ基である)
によるものである。
ポリマー体は、少なくとも1種のポリ−N−ビニルラクタムポリマーを含む。本明細書において「少なくとも1種のポリ−N−ビニルラクタムポリマー」とは、正確に1種のポリ−N−ビニルラクタムポリマー、及び2種以上のポリ−N−ビニルラクタムポリマーの混合物も意味する。
nは、3〜12であり、
mは、0〜3であり、
R1は、C1〜C10−アルキル、C2〜C10−アルケニル、アリール又はアラルキルであり、
R2、R3及びR4は、それぞれ互いに独立して、水素、C1〜C10−アルキル、C2〜C10−アルケニル、アリール又はアラルキルである)
の重合単位を含む。
nは、3〜12であり、
mは、0〜3であり、
R1は、C1〜C10−アルキル、C2〜C10−アルケニル、アリール又はアラルキルであり、
R2、R3及びR4は、それぞれ互いに独立して、水素、C1〜C10−アルキル、C2〜C10−アルケニル、アリール又はアラルキルである)
の重合単位を含む物品を提供する。
ポリマー体は、成分(D)として少なくとも1種の添加剤を任意に含む。本明細書において「少なくとも1種の添加剤」とは、正確に1種の添加剤、及び2種以上の添加剤の混合物も意味する。
ポリマー体の総質量に基づいて、
35〜85質量%の少なくとも1種のポリアミド(A)、
14.9〜55質量%の少なくとも1種の充填剤(B)、
0.1〜10質量%の少なくとも1種のポリ−N−ビニルラクタムポリマー(C)、及び
0〜8質量%の少なくとも1種の添加剤(D)、
を、含むような比率で配合する。
ポリマー体の総質量に基づいて、
35〜85質量%の少なくとも1種のポリアミド(A)、
14.9〜55質量%の少なくとも1種の充填剤(B)、
0.1〜10質量%の少なくとも1種のポリ−N−ビニルラクタムポリマー(C)、及び
0〜8質量%の少なくとも1種の添加剤(D)、
を、含む物品を提供する。
ポリマー体の総質量に基づいて、
45〜75質量%の少なくとも1種のポリアミド(A)、
24.5〜51質量%の少なくとも1種の充填剤(B)、
0.5〜4質量%の少なくとも1種のポリ−N−ビニルラクタムポリマー(C)、及び
0〜5質量%の少なくとも1種の添加剤(D)、
を、含むような比率で配合する。
ポリマー体の総質量に基づいて、
50〜65質量%の少なくとも1種のポリアミド(A)、
34〜47質量%の少なくとも1種の充填剤(B)、
1〜3質量%の少なくとも1種のポリ−N−ビニルラクタムポリマー(C)、及び
0〜5質量%の少なくとも1種の添加剤(D)、
を、含むような比率で配合する。
(A)少なくとも1種のポリアミド、
(B)少なくとも1種の充填剤、
(C)少なくとも1種のポリ−N−ビニルラクタムポリマー、及び
(D)任意に少なくとも1種の添加剤
を含むポリマー体を、金属めっきした物品の製造に使用する方法を提供する。
本発明によれば、物品は、ポリマー体及び金属めっきを含み、その金属めっきはポリマー体に付着させる。
物品、ポリマー体、金属及び成分(A)、(B)、(C)及び(D)に関する上述の実施形態及び好ましいことは、物品の製造方法にも類似的に当てはまる。
i)成分として、
(A)少なくとも1種のポリアミド、
(B)少なくとも1種の充填剤、
(C)少なくとも1種のポリ−N−ビニルラクタムポリマー、及び
(D)任意に少なくとも1種の添加剤、
を含む、ポリマー体を提供する工程、
ii)少なくとも1種の酸でめっきされるポリマー体の少なくとも1つの表面をエッチングする工程、
iii)少なくとも1種のめっき触媒を含む第1の金属層を、工程ii)の少なくとも1つのエッチングした表面上に析出させる工程、
iv)第2の金属層を、無電解金属析出により施与する工程、及び
v)少なくとも1種のさらなる金属層を、電着により施与する工程、
を含む。
i)成分として、
(A)少なくとも1種のポリアミド、
(B)少なくとも1種の充填剤、
(C)少なくとも1種のポリ−N−ビニルラクタムポリマー、及び
(D)任意に少なくとも1種の添加剤、
を含む、ポリマー体を提供する工程、
ii)少なくとも1種の酸でめっきされるポリマー体の少なくとも1つの表面をエッチングする工程、
iii)少なくとも1種のめっき触媒を含む第1の金属層を、工程ii)の少なくとも1つのエッチングした表面上に析出させる工程、
iv)第2の金属層を、無電解金属析出により施与する工程、及び
v)少なくとも1種のさらなる金属層を、電着により施与する工程、
を含む方法を提供する。
工程i)において、上記の成分(A)、(B)、(C)及び任意に(D)を含む、ポリマー体を提供する。
工程ii)において、めっきされるポリマー体の少なくとも1つの表面を、少なくとも1種の酸でエッチングする。本明細書において「少なくとも1種の酸」とは、正確に1種の酸、及び2種以上の酸の混合物も意味する。
工程iii)において、少なくとも1種のめっき触媒を含む第1の金属層を、工程ii)の少なくとも1つのエッチングした表面上に析出させる。「少なくとも1種のめっき触媒」という用語は、めっき触媒が厳密に1種のめっき触媒及び2種以上の様々なめっき触媒を含んでよいことを意味すると理解される。
工程iv)において、第2の金属層を、無電解金属析出により施与する。無電解金属析出は、当業者に既知の方法である。
工程v)において、少なくとも1種のさらなる金属層を、電着により施与する。
熱可塑性成形組成物の製造に、以下の出発材料を使用した。
Ultramid(登録商標)T15:BASF SE社から入手した粘度数50〜90g/mlの熱可塑性ポリアミド(6/6T)
Ultramid(登録商標)B27:BASF SE社から入手した粘度数140〜160g/mlの熱可塑性ポリアミド(6)
ポリアミドの粘度数は、25℃で96質量%濃度の硫酸中の0.5質量%濃度の溶液中で、ISO307に従って決定した。
カオリンの平均粒子径は1.4μmである。
PVP−VA:ポリ−ビニルピロリドン酢酸ビニル共重合体、CAS:25086−89−9
NaH2PO2*H2O:次亜リン酸ナトリウム一水和物、色安定剤
Irganox1098ED:N,N’−1,6−ヘキサンジイルビス[3,5−ビス(1,1−ジメチルエチル)−4−ヒドロキシ、安定剤
Irgafos168FF:ジ−ターシャリーブチルフェニルホスファイト、安定剤
EBS:エチレンビス(ステアラミド)、潤滑剤
ポリマー体の製造は、11個のゾーンを有するZSK25二軸押出機で行った。ポリアミド、充填剤、及び添加剤を、ゾーン0及び1に低温で導入した。ゾーン2、3及び4は、溶解及び輸送に使用した。後続のゾーン5及び6は分散に使用し、ゾーン6の一部とゾーン7を共に均質化に使用した。ゾーン8及び9で再分散を行った。脱ガス用のゾーン10及び排出用のゾーン11が後に続いた。
Ultramid(登録商標)Bを含むあらゆるポリマー体(C3、E4、及びE5)は、同様の機械的特性を示した。それらは、高いE−率(弾性係数)及び高い引張強さを示したが、これは、高い剛性及び増加した靭性を意味する。ポリ−N−ビニルピロリドンの添加は、剛性及び寸法安定性の低下をもたらさなかった。
Ultramid(登録商標)Tを含むポリマー体(C1及びE2)も、同様の機械的特性を示した。それらは、Ultramid(登録商標)Bを含むポリマー体よりも、高いE−率(弾性係数)及び高い引張強さを示しさえした。ポリ−N−ビニルピロリドンの添加は、剛性及び寸法安定性の低下をもたらさなかった。
上記で得られたポリマー体を、後に続く工程により特定の操作条件下で金属めっきした(表2)。時間的順序は上から下である。すすぎに使用した水は脱イオン水であった。
金属めっきしたポリマー体をクロスカット試験に供した。DIN EN ISO 2409に準拠したクロスカット試験は、金属めっきの付着性及び表面の弾性に関する情報を提供する。この種のテストには、特別な刃物が必要である。明確に規定された領域(10mm×10mm)に金属めっきを通して下地に到達するまで、4本の切れ目を直角に描いた。刃の距離は、金属めっきの厚さに依存した。その後、粘着テープ(標準に定義)をカットグリッドに貼り付け、垂直方向に取り除いた。
Claims (15)
- ポリマー体及び金属めっきを含む物品であって、前記金属めっきが前記ポリマー体に付着され、且つ前記ポリマー体が成分として、
(A)少なくとも1種のポリアミド、
(B)少なくとも1種の充填剤、
(C)少なくとも1種のポリ−N−ビニルラクタムポリマー、及び
(D)任意に少なくとも1種の添加剤
を含む、物品。 - 前記少なくとも1種のポリ−N−ビニルラクタムポリマー(C)が、N−ビニルピロリドン(N−ビニル−2−ピロリドン)、N−ビニルピペリドン(N−ビニル−2−ピペリドン)及びN−ビニルカプロラクタムからなる群から選択されるN−ビニルラクタムの重合単位を含む、請求項1又は2に記載の物品。
- 前記少なくとも1種のポリ−N−ビニルラクタムポリマー(C)が、N−ビニルピロリドン、N−ビニルピペリドン及びN−ビニルカプロラクタムからなる群から選択されるN−ビニルラクタムと、1−ビニルイミダゾール又は酢酸ビニルとの共重合単位を含む、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の物品。
- 前記少なくとも1種のポリ−N−ビニルラクタムポリマー(C)が、2,500〜250,000g/モルの質量平均分子量Mwを有する、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の物品。
- 前記ポリマー体が、
前記ポリマー体の総質量に基づいて、
35〜85質量%の前記少なくとも1種のポリアミド(A)、
14.9〜55質量%の前記少なくとも1種の充填剤(B)、
0.1〜10質量%の前記少なくとも1種のポリ−N−ビニルラクタムポリマー(C)、及び
0〜8質量%の前記少なくとも1種の添加剤(D)、
を含む、請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の物品。 - 前記少なくとも1種のポリアミド(A)が、ポリアミド4、ポリアミド6、ポリアミド7、ポリアミド8、ポリアミド9、ポリアミド11、ポリアミド12、ポリアミド46、ポリアミド66、ポリアミド69、ポリアミド610、ポリアミド612、ポリアミド613、ポリアミド1212、ポリアミド1313、ポリアミド6T、ポリアミド9T、ポリアミドMXD6、ポリアミド6I、ポリアミド6−3−T、ポリアミド6/6T、ポリアミド6/66、ポリアミド6/12、ポリアミド66/6/610、ポリアミド6I/6T、ポリアミドPACM12、ポリアミド6I/6T/PACM、ポリアミド12/MACMI、ポリアミド12/MACMT及びポリアミドPDA−Tからなる群から選択される、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の物品。
- 前記少なくとも1種の充填剤(B)が、アルカリ土類金属炭酸塩、アルカリ土類金属酸化物、アルカリ土類金属ケイ酸塩、金属繊維、アスベスト、セラミック繊維、ガラス繊維、炭素繊維、アラミド繊維、二酸化チタン、酸化アルミニウム、マイカ、タルク、硫酸バリウム、石膏、酸化ジルコニウム、酸化アンチモン、粘土、シリカ、シリカ−アルミナ、アルミナ、セリサイト、カオリン、珪藻土、マグネシウムカーボネート、長石、珪石、カーボンブラック、ガラスビーズ、シラスバルーン、べんがら、酸化亜鉛、ウォラストナイト及びサイロイドからなる群から選択される、請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の物品。
- 前記少なくとも1種の充填剤(B)が粒子形態であり、0.1〜50μmの平均粒径を有する、請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載の物品。
- 前記金属めっきが、銅、ニッケル、コバルト、パラジウム、クロム及びスズからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の金属を含む、請求項1から9のいずれか一項に記載の物品。
- 前記少なくとも1種の添加剤が、潤滑剤、酸化防止剤、着色剤、色安定剤、帯電防止剤、難燃剤、紫外線に対する耐性を増加させる薬剤、耐熱性を改善する安定剤、離型剤、核剤及び可塑剤からなる群から選択される、請求項1から10のいずれか一項に記載の物品。
- i)成分として、
(A)少なくとも1種のポリアミド、
(B)少なくとも1種の充填剤、
(C)少なくとも1種のポリ−N−ビニルラクタムポリマー、及び
(D)任意に少なくとも1種の添加剤、
を含む、ポリマー体を提供する工程、
ii)少なくとも1種の酸でめっきされる前記ポリマー体の少なくとも1つの表面をエッチングする工程、
iii)少なくとも1種のめっき触媒を含む第1の金属層を、工程ii)の少なくとも1つのエッチングした表面上に析出させる工程、
iv)第2の金属層を、無電解金属析出により施与する工程、及び
v)少なくとも1種のさらなる金属層を、電着により施与する工程、
を含む、請求項1から11のいずれか一項に記載の物品を製造する方法。 - 工程ii)の少なくとも1種の酸が、クロム酸、塩酸、フッ化水素酸、リン酸、硫酸、トリフルオロ酢酸、ギ酸、酢酸及びメタンスルホン酸からなる群から選択される、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 請求項1から13のいずれか一項に記載の方法によって得られる物品を、自動車用途におけるドアハンドルとして使用する方法。
- 成分として
(A)少なくとも1種のポリアミド、
(B)少なくとも1種の充填剤、
(C)少なくとも1種のポリ−N−ビニルラクタムポリマー、及び
(D)任意に少なくとも1種の添加剤
を含むポリマー体を、金属めっきした物品の製造に使用する方法。
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CN2017085916 | 2017-05-25 | ||
PCT/EP2018/062964 WO2018215303A1 (en) | 2017-05-25 | 2018-05-17 | Article comprising a polymer body and a metal plating |
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JP2020526658A true JP2020526658A (ja) | 2020-08-31 |
JP2020526658A5 JP2020526658A5 (ja) | 2021-07-26 |
JP7196102B2 JP7196102B2 (ja) | 2022-12-26 |
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US (1) | US20200157699A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP3631042B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP7196102B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20200010507A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN110662855B (ja) |
BR (1) | BR112019024670A2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2018215303A1 (ja) |
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WO2019156394A1 (ko) * | 2018-02-07 | 2019-08-15 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 그라프트 공중합체의 제조방법 및 열가소성 수지 성형품 |
WO2020006231A1 (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2020-01-02 | Ascend Performance Materials Operations Llc | Polyamide compositions and plating applications thereof |
US11345980B2 (en) | 2018-08-09 | 2022-05-31 | Apple Inc. | Recycled aluminum alloys from manufacturing scrap with cosmetic appeal |
US12037688B2 (en) | 2019-04-12 | 2024-07-16 | Basell Poliolefine Italia S.R.L. | Polymer compositions suitable for producing plated products |
KR102259696B1 (ko) * | 2020-03-10 | 2021-06-01 | 장승윤 | 도어 핸들 모듈 |
CN112095110B (zh) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-03-12 | 苏州天承化工有限公司 | 一种abf表面处理剂及其制备方法和应用 |
CN115322014B (zh) * | 2022-09-14 | 2023-04-11 | 东华大学 | 含有金属涂层的陶瓷基底及其制备方法 |
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JP2005231219A (ja) * | 2004-02-20 | 2005-09-02 | Daicel Polymer Ltd | メッキ樹脂成形体 |
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JPS57123231A (en) * | 1981-01-22 | 1982-07-31 | Toyobo Co Ltd | Metal-plated polyamide molded product and preparation of same |
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US5324766A (en) | 1989-07-07 | 1994-06-28 | Mitsui Petrochemical Industries, Ltd. | Resin composition for forming plated layer and use thereof |
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-
2018
- 2018-05-17 US US16/616,353 patent/US20200157699A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2018-05-17 WO PCT/EP2018/062964 patent/WO2018215303A1/en active Application Filing
- 2018-05-17 JP JP2019565300A patent/JP7196102B2/ja active Active
- 2018-05-17 KR KR1020197038283A patent/KR20200010507A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2018-05-17 BR BR112019024670-3A patent/BR112019024670A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2018-05-17 EP EP18725826.4A patent/EP3631042B1/en active Active
- 2018-05-17 CN CN201880034106.XA patent/CN110662855B/zh active Active
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JP2005231219A (ja) * | 2004-02-20 | 2005-09-02 | Daicel Polymer Ltd | メッキ樹脂成形体 |
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EP3631042B1 (en) | 2023-03-22 |
EP3631042A1 (en) | 2020-04-08 |
CN110662855B (zh) | 2022-11-01 |
JP7196102B2 (ja) | 2022-12-26 |
WO2018215303A1 (en) | 2018-11-29 |
KR20200010507A (ko) | 2020-01-30 |
CN110662855A (zh) | 2020-01-07 |
BR112019024670A2 (pt) | 2020-06-16 |
US20200157699A1 (en) | 2020-05-21 |
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