JP2020521001A - 体腔に活性物質を送達するための泡形成性組成物 - Google Patents
体腔に活性物質を送達するための泡形成性組成物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
泡を形成する量のモノグリセリド結晶;
泡形成性組成物を吹き出して泡を形成する量の非親油性発泡剤;
皮膚又は体腔の疾患に対して効果的な少なくとも1つの医薬製剤;及び
水
を含んでなる、皮膚上又は体腔内の疾患を治療するように適合された泡形成性組成物によって達成することができ、この泡形成性組成物は、吹き出され又は混合されて泡を形成するときに体腔に適用されるように構成されており、その泡は体温において分解して医学的活性薬剤を放出する。特に明記しない限り、すべての%は組成物全体の重量基準である。
水;
該水中に懸濁され、結晶状態での融点が37℃未満で25℃を超える固形脂質結晶;及び
組成物を吹き出して泡を形成するための噴射剤
を含んでなる、体腔に活性薬剤を送達するための泡形成性医薬組成物によっても達成することができ、
該固形脂質結晶は、組成物が噴射剤によって吹き出されたときに泡を支えるような量で存在し、該組成物は、吹き出されたときに体腔に適用されるように適合されており、泡が体腔により加熱されると泡は融点で分解して泡の内容物を体腔内の組織に放出する。
泡製剤
本発明は、発泡ガスと混合されたときに泡を形成する形態とすることができる。これは、混合しながら常圧(1bar)で製造中に発泡ガスを添加することにより、及び常圧でガス混合製品を包装することにより、又は10barまでの加圧下に発泡ガスを加え、それを加圧容器中に保管することにより実行することができ、泡は、主に、皮膚又は体腔への製品の適用時に生成される。製剤は、脂質結晶の懸濁液であることが有利であり、発泡ガスと混合又は加圧されて泡を形成することができる。本発明の製剤では、C12モノラウリンとC14モノミリスチンとの二つのモノグリセリドの好ましい組み合わせが泡を作り出し、皮膚における温度又は体温に晒されたときに分解することを我々は発見した。この実施形態では、この泡の好ましい使用について説明する。しかしながら、製剤は、人体の温度にさらされると分解する泡を利用することができ、本明細書に記載の新規な泡送達システム及び従来の泡も包含される。したがって、任意の適切な泡形成性組成物を使用することができるが、本発明は、本明細書に開示されている好ましい例に限定されない。
限定はされないが淋病及び細菌性膣症が例示される性感染症及び他の膣感染症の治療における一つの問題は、抗生物質に対する耐性の発現である。抗生物質はその作用が特異的であり細菌の細胞膜に作用するので、細胞壁合成の小さな変化が抗生物質の不活性化につながる可能性がある。過酸化物、塩素やヨウ素のようなハロゲン、フェノール及びアルコール、ならびにフェノール化合物及び窒素化合物のような特異性の低い殺菌剤は、一般的な殺菌効果を有するので、耐性を生じにくい。しかし、一般的に、特異性が低いと、毒性のリスクが大きくなる。列挙されている殺菌剤のうち、それらのほとんどは体腔内への投与には不適切である。適切な一つは、過酸化水素(HP)である。
本発明は、自動酸化を避けるために、少なくとも一つ、好ましくは少なくとも二つ、より好ましくはいくつかのHP用安定剤を含有する。HP用の安定剤はよく知られており、任意の適切な安定剤を使用することができる。
表1の製剤を製造し、HPに対するアッセイであるUSPの過マンガン酸塩滴定法により、HPの含有量について試験した。製造は以下の手順に従って実施した。EDTA、スズ酸ナトリウム、ピロリン酸ナトリウム及びシュウ酸ナトリウムを水に溶解した。該当する場合、この時点で増粘剤を含ませる。乳酸及び水酸化ナトリウムを加え、pHを調整した。モノグリセリドを加え、混合物を70〜75℃に加熱し、撹拌しながら15分間保持した。15分後、毎分5℃未満でゆっくりと約35℃まで冷却したときに結晶化が起こり、続いて温度が上昇した。結晶化が完了した後、過酸化水素を加えた。製品を、金属缶とラミネート内部バッグで構成されるスプレー容器に詰めた。製品を空気と予備混合し、バルブ上バッグの内側に充填し、圧力5barまで空気を追加した。製品を30℃、25℃、3〜8℃で保存した。HPの含有量の分析は、酢酸への組成物の溶解及び過マンガン酸カリウムにより色変化するまでの滴定を含む滴定法により行った。
泡の形成能力とHPの安定性に対する脂質の量の影響を研究した。製剤を、実施例1に従って製造し、容器内の金属材料から製品を保護するポリマーの内側容器を有するエアロゾル容器内に、空気又は、医薬品グレードのプロパンとブタンとの50/50混合物を加圧下に0.25%添加することによりエアロゾルを製造した。
過酸化水素安定性に対する噴射剤の影響
製造:EDTA及びナトリウム塩を、水の75%主要部分に溶解した。乳酸及び水酸化ナトリウムを加え、pHを調整した。モノグリセリドを加え、混合物を70〜75℃に加熱し、撹拌しながら15分間保持した。15分後、毎分5℃未満でゆっくりと約35℃まで冷却したとき結晶化が起こり、続いて温度が上昇した。結晶化が完了した後、過酸化水素と残りの水を加えた。製品を、金属缶とアルミニウム/ポリマーラミネート内側バッグからなるスプレー容器に包装した。ラミネートバッグの内側と外側で同じ噴射剤を使用した。ブタンとプロパンの混合物を保管するときは、重りを充填し、空気が噴射剤として使用されるときは、所定の圧力まで充填する。その理由は、プロパン及びブタンは、混合物に応じて3〜6気圧の圧力で流体であり、空気は約-190℃で流体に変わるためである。
泡の融点を決定した。
表5による製剤を、実施例1に従って製造した。
実施例1に従って製造した水中の結晶脂質の懸濁液であり表5による組成を有する製品を、加圧下に、二種類の圧力容器、すなわち、二重区画包装容器であるバルブ上バッグと、単一区画包装容器とに包装した。バルブ上バッグBOV中に包装して、手動充填用具を用いて圧力容器を作った。最初に組成物を充填し、次にバルブ上バッグの外側にガスを充填し、最後にバルブ上バッグの内側にガスを充填した(組成物と接触して)。組成物と接触して使用されたガスは、バッグの外側のガスと同様に圧縮空気であった。
一方は市販のもの、他方は本発明によるものである2つの泡製品を製造し、加圧包装し、泡安定性を試験するためのEP方を修飾することにより泡安定性を試験する。
直径26mmで容積60mlのガラス管を水浴で37℃に加熱した。ガラス管を取り外し、逆さまにした。最初に開口部から最も離れた空洞容積を充填し、次に、泡送達を最適化するように導管を引き戻すことを含む制御された手順により、泡を、泡誘導導管を通してその管内に満たされるまで投与した(図参照)。次に、管を水浴に戻した。展延性、融解性及び管表面への接着性を検討した。
本発明の泡は、ガラス管の容積を完全かつ迅速に満たした。水浴で約30秒後、それは融解し始め、表面に付着した。肉眼で観察されるように、ガラス管の内面全体が溶融した泡で覆われた。先行技術の泡は、表面との接触時に分解し、容積を満たさず、チューブの内表面の一部のみが先行技術の泡で覆われた。
モノグリセリド混合物
製造:水を75℃に加熱し、乳酸を加え、次にモノグリセリドを加えた。15分間攪拌した後、融解が完了した後、ゆっくりと冷却した。結晶化が始まったら、30℃で冷却を停止した。結晶化後、製剤を受動冷却により周囲温度まで冷却させた。製造された組成物の融解温度は、DSC−7PerkinElmerによる示差走査熱量測定により決定した。融点は、5mgをアルミニウム容器中に秤量して、密閉し、温度を毎分5℃の速度で0℃から45℃まで上げることにより、DSCで試験した。融点を、エネルギー摂取の開始として推定した。結果を表11に示す。
本製剤は、嫌気性細菌によって引き起こされる感染症の治療のための体腔内での使用に適合させることができる。適切な体腔の例は、膣、尿管、肛門及び口腔である。また、鼻及び耳の中の感染症もこの製剤で治療することができる。
体腔は、外傷を引き起こすことなく外部からアクセスできるべきであるが、脳、心臓及び脊髄の腔、ならびに上部胃腸管は排除される。
Claims (19)
- 活性薬剤を身体の表面又は体腔に送達するための泡形成性医薬組成物であって、該組成物は
水、
該水中に懸濁された固形脂質結晶、及び
該組成物を吹き出して泡を形成するための非親油性噴射剤
を含んでなり、
該固形脂質結晶はその結晶状態における融点が25℃を超え37℃未満であり、
製品と接触している噴射剤は親水性であり、
該固形脂質結晶は、組成物が噴射剤により吹き出されたときに泡を支持するような量で存在し、
該組成物は、吹き出されたときに身体の表面又は体腔に適用され、泡が身体の表面又は体腔により加熱されたときに、その泡が融点において分解し、泡の内容物を身体の表面上の又は体腔内の組織に放出するように適合されており、及び
該組成物は、噴射剤によって大気圧下である、
ことを特徴とする泡形成性医薬組成物。 - 前記脂質結晶が、リン脂質、モノ又はジアシルグリセリド、乳酸の脂質エステル、及びn−アセチルエタノールアミドからなる群より選択される、請求項1に記載の泡形成性組成物。
- 前記脂質が、組成物の重量に対して少なくとも0.5重量%、多くとも28重量%の量で存在する、請求項1に記載の泡形成性組成物。
- 有効量の医学的活性、化粧用又は回復用剤を含む、請求項1に記載の泡形成性組成物。
- 製品と接触している噴射剤が、空気又は、酸素と窒素との他の組み合わせ、酸素、窒素及び二酸化炭素からなる群より選択される少なくとも1つを含み、組成物が単一又は二重区画容器に詰められている、請求項1に記載の泡形成性組成物。
- 前記噴射剤が組成物の0.0001〜0.5重量%である、請求項1に記載の泡形成性組成物。
- 組成物が単一又は二重区画容器に詰められており、任意に、製品が、泡の膣送達を提供するように適合された泡案内導管を含む、請求項1に記載の泡形成性組成物。
- 前記脂質が、10〜16炭素の炭素鎖長を有するモノアシルグリセリドからなる群より選択される少なくとも1つを含み、該モノアシルグリセリド間の関係が1:20〜20:1である、請求項1に記載の泡形成性組成物。
- 前記活性薬剤が、体腔内の感染症の治療のための過酸化水素を含む、請求項4に記載の泡形成性組成物。
- 前記活性薬剤が、尿失禁の治療に適した抗コリン又は膀胱弛緩化合物を含む、請求項4に記載の泡形成性組成物。
- 前記活性薬剤が、乾癬の治療に適した抗乾癬薬を含む、請求項4に記載の泡形成性組成物。
- 前記活性薬剤が、にきびの治療に適した化合物を含む、請求項4に記載の泡形成性組成物。
- 前記活性薬剤が、局所炎症の治療に適した抗炎症薬を含む、請求項4に記載の泡形成性組成物。
- 前記固形脂質結晶の水中の懸濁液を形成すること、及び周囲圧力で該懸濁液中に発泡剤を混合することにより泡を形成することを含む、請求項1に記載の泡を製造する方法。
- 前記固形脂質結晶の水中の懸濁液を形成すること、該懸濁液に発泡剤を添加すること、及び該発泡剤を膨張させることにより泡を形成することを含む、請求項14に記載の泡の製造方法。
- 体腔内の感染症又は疾患の治療に使用するための泡形成性組成物であって、該泡形成性組成物は、
水、
組成物を吹き出して泡を形成するための非親油性噴射剤、
活性薬剤、及び
該水中に懸濁された固形脂質結晶
を含んでなり、
製品と接触している噴射剤は親水性であり、
該固形脂質結晶はその結晶状態において融点が25℃を超え37℃未満であり、
該泡形成性組成物を吹き出して泡を形成し、
該泡を体腔に適用し、及び
身体により該泡を該泡の分解温度まで加熱して該泡を分解させると共に該活性薬剤を体腔内の組織に放出する、
ことを特徴とする泡形成性組成物。 - 泡形成性組成物は最初は体腔内において泡の状態であり、その後、体温の存在下にpH3〜5の液体に変換し、前記活性薬剤が過酸化水素を含む、請求項16に記載の泡形成性組成物。
- 前記体腔が、膣腔、尿道腔、肛門腔、口腔、鼻腔又は耳腔である、請求項16に記載の泡形成性組成物。
- 泡形成性組成物を吹き出して泡を形成する前は、噴射剤によって大気圧から10気圧の圧力下にある、請求項16に記載の泡形成性組成物。
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