JP2020514014A - NOx吸着体触媒 - Google Patents
NOx吸着体触媒 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2020514014A JP2020514014A JP2019531943A JP2019531943A JP2020514014A JP 2020514014 A JP2020514014 A JP 2020514014A JP 2019531943 A JP2019531943 A JP 2019531943A JP 2019531943 A JP2019531943 A JP 2019531943A JP 2020514014 A JP2020514014 A JP 2020514014A
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- lean
- trap catalyst
- catalyst according
- catalyst
- layer
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Abstract
Description
i)1種以上の貴金属、第1の無機酸化物、及び任意選択的に促進剤を含む第1の層;並びに
ii)1種以上の白金族金属、第1の酸素吸蔵能(OSC)材料、及び第2の無機酸化物を含む第2の層
を含むリーンNOxトラップ触媒が提供され、ここで第1の層は、酸素吸蔵能(OSC)材料を実質的に含まない。
「ウオッシュコート」という用語は、当該技術分野ではよく知られており、通常は触媒の製造中に基材に塗布される接着性コーティングを指す。
i)1種以上の貴金属、第1の無機酸化物、及び任意選択的に促進剤を含む第1の層;並びに
ii)1種以上の白金族金属、第1の酸素吸蔵能(OSC)材料、及び第2の無機酸化物を含む第2の層
を含むリーンNOxトラップ触媒であって、第1の層が酸素吸蔵能(OSC)材料を実質的に含まないリーンNOxトラップ触媒を含む。
特に明記しない限り、全ての材料は市販されており、既知の供給元から入手したものである。
第1の層:
CeO2−BaCO3複合材料を、高表面積セリア上で酢酸バリウムを噴霧乾燥させ、続いて650℃で1時間か焼することによって形成した。
1.71g/in3[Al2O3.Ce(12.5%)](市販)を蒸留水でスラリーにし、その後d90が13−15μmになるまで粉砕した。その後、このスラリーに95g/ft3のマロン酸Pt及び19g/ft3の硝酸Pd溶液を添加し、均質になるまで撹拌した。Pt/Pdを[Al2O3.Ce(12.5%)]担体上に1時間吸着させた。
その後これに3.33g/in3のCeO2−BaCO3複合材料を加えた。得られたスラリーをウオッシュコートにし、天然増粘剤(ナトロゾール)で増粘した。
その後、このウオッシュコートを標準的なコーティング手順を用いてセラミック又は金属モノリス上にコーティングし、100℃で乾燥させ、500℃で45分間か焼した。
Baが約4.3重量%(4.6mol%)で存在した。
0.5g/in3[Ce.Zr]をスラリーにし、5g/ft3の硝酸ロジウムをそれに添加した後、その混合物のpHをアンモニアで〜7に調整することによって第2のウオッシュコートを調製した。得られたスラリーをウオッシュコートにし、天然増粘剤(ナトロゾール)で増粘した。
その後、第2のウオッシュコートを標準的なコーティング手順を用いて、先にか焼したウオッシュコートの上にコーティングし、100℃で乾燥させ、500℃で45分間か焼した。
第1の層:
1.2g/in3[Al2O3.Si(5%)](市販)を蒸留水でスラリーにし、その後d90が13−15μmになるまで粉砕した。このスラリーに200g/ft3のクエン酸、続いて100g/ft3の酢酸バリウムを添加し、混合物を均質になるまで撹拌した。43g/ft3の硝酸白金及び22g/ft3の硝酸パラジウムを添加し、均質になるまで撹拌した。Pt/Pdを[Al2O3.Si(5%)]担体上に1時間吸着させる。その後、これに0.3g/in3のベータゼオライト(市販)を添加し、均質になるまで撹拌した。得られたスラリーをウオッシュコートにし、天然増粘剤(ナトロゾール)で増粘した。
その後、このウオッシュコートを標準的なコーティング手順を用いてセラミック又は金属モノリス上にコーティングし、50%のコーティング深さを目標とし、100℃で乾燥させ、500℃で45分間か焼した。
CeO2−BaCO3複合材料を、高表面積セリア上で酢酸バリウムを噴霧乾燥させ、続いて650℃で1時間か焼することによって形成した。
1.24g/in3[Al2O3.La(3%)]を蒸留水でスラリーにし、その後d90が13−15μmになるまで粉砕することによって、第2のウオッシュコートを調製した。その後、このスラリーに72.9g/ft3のマロン酸Pt及び14.6g/ft3の硝酸Pd溶液を添加し、均質になるまで撹拌した。Pt/Pdを[Al2O3.La(3%)]担体上に1時間吸着させた。
その後これに3.0g/in3のCeO2−BaCO3複合材料を加えた。得られたスラリーをウオッシュコートにし、天然増粘剤(ナトロゾール)で増粘した。
その後、このウオッシュコートを標準的なコーティング手順及び90%の目標コーティング深さを用いて、先にか焼したウオッシュコートの上にコーティングし、100℃で乾燥させ、500℃で45分間か焼した。
10%H2O、20%O2及び残部N2から成るガス流中で、触媒1及び触媒2を800℃で5時間水熱熟成させた。 これらの触媒の模擬的MVEG−B排出サイクルについて、ベンチに取り付けた1.6リットルディーゼルエンジンを使用して性能試験を実施した。排出は、触媒前後で測定した。
累積NOx汚染物質排出量を図1に示す。エンジンアウト(触媒の前)のNOx排出量と触媒の後ろのNOx排出量の差異は、触媒上で除去されたNOxの量を示した。図1から分かるように、リーン−DOC下層ゾーンを含む触媒2は、リーン−DOCゾーンを含まない比較触媒1よりも、失活状態でNOxを吸着する能力が大きい。
累積CO汚染物質排出量を図2に示す。エンジンアウト(触媒の前)のCO排出量と触媒の後ろのCO排出量の差異は、触媒上で除去されたCOの量を示した。図2から分かるように、リーン−DOC下層ゾーンを含む触媒2は、リーン−DOCゾーンを含まない比較触媒1よりも、失活状態及び活性化状態でCOを変換する能力が大きい。
累積HC汚染物質排出量を図3に示す。エンジンアウト(触媒の前)のHC排出量と触媒の後ろのHC排出量の差異は、触媒上で除去されたHCの量を示した。図33から分かるように、リーン−DOC下層ゾーンを含む触媒2は、リーン−DOCゾーンを含まない比較触媒1よりも、失活状態及び活性化状態でHCを変換する能力が大きかった。
Claims (38)
- i)1種以上の貴金属、第1の無機酸化物、及び任意選択的に促進剤を含む第1の層;並びに
ii)1種以上の白金族金属、第1の酸素吸蔵能(OSC)材料、及び第2の無機酸化物を含む第2の層
を含むリーンNOxトラップ触媒であって、第1の層が酸素吸蔵能(OSC)材料を実質的に含まない、リーンNOxトラップ触媒。 - 前記第1の酸素吸蔵能(OSC)材料が、酸化セリウム、酸化ジルコニウム、セリア−ジルコニア混合酸化物、及びアルミナ−セリア−ジルコニア混合酸化物から成る群より選択される、請求項1に記載のリーンNOxトラップ触媒。
- 第1の酸素吸蔵能(OSC)材料がバルクセリアを含む、請求項2に記載のリーンNOxトラップ触媒。
- 1種以上の貴金属が、パラジウム、白金、ロジウム、銀、金、及びこれらの混合物から成る群より選択される、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載のリーンNOxトラップ触媒。
- 1種以上の貴金属が白金とパラジウムの混合物又は合金である、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載のリーンNOxトラップ触媒。
- 白金対パラジウムの比が、w/wベースで1:1−10:1である、請求項5に記載のリーンNOxトラップ触媒。
- 白金対パラジウムの比が、w/wベースで約2:1である、請求項5又は6に記載のリーンNOxトラップ触媒。
- 1種以上の貴金属が第1の無機酸化物上に担持されている、請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載のリーンNOxトラップ触媒。
- 第1の無機酸化物が、アルミナ、マグネシア、シリカ、チタニア、ニオビア、タンタル酸化物、モリブデン酸化物、タングステン酸化物、及びこれらの混合酸化物又は複合酸化物から成る群より選択される、請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載のリーンNOxトラップ触媒。
- 第1の無機酸化物がアルミナ、シリカ−アルミナ又はマグネシア/アルミナ複合酸化物である、請求項1から9のいずれか一項に記載のリーンNOxトラップ触媒。
- 第1の無機酸化物がシリカ−アルミナである、請求項1から10のいずれか一項に記載のリーンNOxトラップ触媒。
- 促進剤がマンガン、ビスマス、又は第1のアルカリ若しくはアルカリ土類金属を含む、請求項1から11のいずれか一項に記載のリーンNOxトラップ触媒。
- 促進剤が第1のアルカリ又はアルカリ土類金属を含む、請求項1から12のいずれか一項に記載のリーンNOxトラップ触媒。
- 第1のアルカリ又はアルカリ土類金属がバリウムである、請求項13に記載のリーンNOxトラップ触媒。
- 第1の層が炭化水素吸収材料をさらに含む、請求項1から14のいずれか一項に記載のリーンNOxトラップ触媒。
- 炭化水素吸収材料がモレキュラーシーブである、請求項15に記載のリーンNOxトラップ触媒。
- モレキュラーシーブがゼオライトである、請求項16に記載のリーンNOxトラップ触媒。
- ゼオライトがベータゼオライトである、請求項17に記載のリーンNOxトラップ触媒。
- 前記1種以上の白金族金属が、パラジウム、白金、ロジウム、及びこれらの混合物から成る群より選択される、請求項1から18のいずれか一項に記載のリーンNOXトラップ触媒。
- 前記1種以上の白金族金属が白金とパラジウムの混合物又は合金である、請求項1から19のいずれか一項に記載のリーンNOxトラップ触媒。
- 白金対パラジウムの比が、w/wベースで2:1−12:1である、請求項20に記載のリーンNOxトラップ触媒。
- 白金対パラジウムの比が、w/wベースで約5:1である、請求項20又は21に記載のリーンNOxトラップ触媒。
- 第2の層が第2のアルカリ若しくはアルカリ土類金属、ネオジム又はランタン(lanathanum)を含む、請求項1から22のいずれか一項に記載のリーンNOxトラップ触媒。
- 第2のアルカリ若しくはアルカリ土類金属、ネオジム又はランタンが0.1−10重量%の量で第2の層中に存在する、請求項23に記載のリーンNOxトラップ触媒。
- 第2のアルカリ又はアルカリ土類金属がバリウムである、請求項23又は24に記載のリーンNOxトラップ触媒。
- 第2の無機酸化物が、アルミナ、マグネシア、ランタナ、シリカ、チタニア、ニオビア、タンタル酸化物、モリブデン酸化物、タングステン酸化物、及びこれらの混合酸化物又は複合酸化物から成る群より選択される、請求項1から25のいずれか一項に記載のリーンNOxトラップ触媒。
- 第2の無機酸化物がアルミナ、ランタナ/アルミナ複合酸化物又はマグネシア/アルミナ複合酸化物である、請求項1から26のいずれか一項に記載のリーンNOxトラップ触媒。
- 第2の無機酸化物がランタナ/アルミナ複合酸化物である、請求項1から27のいずれか一項に記載のリーンNOxトラップ触媒。
- 軸方向長さLを有する金属又はセラミック基材をさらに含む、請求項1から28のいずれか一項に記載のリーンNOxトラップ触媒。
- 基材がフロースルーモノリス又はフィルターモノリスである、請求項29に記載のリーンNOxトラップ触媒。
- 第1の層が金属又はセラミック基材上に直接堆積される、請求項29又は請求項30に記載のリーンNOxトラップ触媒。
- 第2の層が第1の層上に堆積される、請求項1から31のいずれか一項に記載のリーンNOxトラップ触媒。
- 第1の層及び/又は第2の層が押出成形されて、フロースルー又はフィルター基材を形成する、請求項1から28のいずれか一項に記載のリーンNOxトラップ触媒。
- 請求項1から33のいずれか一項に記載のリーンNOxトラップ触媒と、内燃機関とを含む、燃焼排気ガスの流れを処理するための排気処理システム。
- 内燃機関がディーゼルエンジンである、請求項34に記載の排気処理システム。
- 選択式触媒還元触媒システム、パティキュレート・フィルター、選択式触媒還元フィルターシステム、受動的NOx吸着体、三元触媒システム、又はこれらの組み合わせをさらに含む、請求項34又は請求項35に記載の排気処理システム。
- 内燃機関からの排気ガスを処理する方法であって、排気ガスを、請求項1から33のいずれか一項に記載のリーンNOxトラップ触媒又は請求項34から36のいずれか一項に記載の排気処理システムと接触させることを含む、方法。
- 排気ガスが約150−300℃の温度である、請求項37に記載の、内燃機関からの排気ガスを処理する方法。
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PCT/GB2017/053756 WO2018109485A1 (en) | 2016-12-15 | 2017-12-15 | NOx ADSORBER CATALYST |
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GB201720937D0 (en) | 2018-01-31 |
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US20180169624A1 (en) | 2018-06-21 |
DE102017129976A1 (de) | 2018-06-21 |
WO2018109485A1 (en) | 2018-06-21 |
BR112019012024A2 (pt) | 2019-11-12 |
CN110072620B (zh) | 2023-08-29 |
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GB2559853B (en) | 2021-03-31 |
GB2557673A (en) | 2018-06-27 |
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GB2559853A (en) | 2018-08-22 |
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