JP2020502205A - Ksp阻害剤を有する特異的抗体−薬物コンジュゲート(adc) - Google Patents
Ksp阻害剤を有する特異的抗体−薬物コンジュゲート(adc) Download PDFInfo
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- JP2020502205A JP2020502205A JP2019533393A JP2019533393A JP2020502205A JP 2020502205 A JP2020502205 A JP 2020502205A JP 2019533393 A JP2019533393 A JP 2019533393A JP 2019533393 A JP2019533393 A JP 2019533393A JP 2020502205 A JP2020502205 A JP 2020502205A
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Abstract
Description
nは1〜8を表し、
AKは、TPP−8987、TPP−9476およびTPP−8988からなる群から選択される抗CD123抗体を表す、
または
AKは、好ましくはTPP−9574、TPP−9580およびTPP−9024からなる群から選択される抗CXCR5抗体を表す、
または
AKはこれらの抗体の抗原結合フラグメントを表し、
抗体または抗原結合フラグメントはシステイン側基の硫黄原子を介して結合している)
ならびにその塩、溶媒和物およびこれらの溶媒和物の塩が、既知のコンジュゲートと比較して優れた特性を有することが見出された。
最も広い意味では、「結合剤」という用語は、結合剤−薬物コンジュゲートによって対処されるべき一定の標的細胞集団に存在する標的分子に結合する分子を意味すると理解される。結合剤という用語は、その最も広い意味で理解されるべきであり、例えばレクチン、一定の糖鎖に結合することができるタンパク質、またはリン脂質結合タンパク質も含む。このような結合剤には、例えば、高分子量タンパク質(結合タンパク質)、ポリペプチドまたはペプチド(結合ペプチド)、非ペプチド(例えば、アプタマー(米国特許第5270163号明細書)、Keefe AD.ら、Nat.Rev.Drug Discov.2010;9:537〜550による概説)またはビタミン)、および他の全ての細胞結合分子または物質が含まれる。結合タンパク質は、例えば、抗体および抗体フラグメントまたは抗体模倣物、例えば、アフィボディ、アドネクチン、アンチカリン(登録商標)、DARPins、アビマー、ナノボディである(Gebauer M.ら、Curr.Opinion in Chem.Biol.2009;13:245〜255;Nuttall S.D.ら、Curr.Opinion in Pharmacology 2008;8:608〜617による概説)。結合ペプチドは、例えば、リガンド/受容体ペアのリガンド、例えばリガンド/受容体ペアVEGF/KDRのVEGF、例えばリガンド/受容体ペアトランスフェリン/トランスフェリン受容体のトランスフェリン、またはサイトカイン/サイトカイン受容体、例えばリガンド/受容体ペアTNFα/TNFα受容体のTNFαである。
結合剤、例えば抗体またはその抗原結合フラグメントが向けられる標的分子は、好ましくはがん標的分子である。「がん標的分子」という用語は、同じ組織型の非がん細胞よりも1つまたは複数のがん細胞種上に豊富に存在する標的分子を記載する。好ましくは、がん標的分子は、同じ組織型の非がん細胞と比較して1つまたは複数のがん細胞種上に選択的に存在し、選択的にとは同じ組織型の非がん細胞と比較してがん細胞上に少なくとも2倍豊富であることを記載する(「選択的がん標的分子」)。がん標的分子の使用により、本発明によるコンジュゲートを使用したがん細胞の選択的治療が可能になる。
(1)受容体タンパク質CXCR5(CD185;SwissProt:P32302;NCBI Gene ID 643、NCBI参照配列:NP_001707.1;配列番号61)
(2)表面受容体CD123(IL3RA;NCBI遺伝子ID:3563;NCBI参照配列:NP_002174.1;Swiss−Prot:P26951;配列番号62)
である。
当業者であれば、抗体、その抗原結合フラグメントまたはその変異体を細菌発現の助けを借りて産生することができる方法を知っている。
当業者であれば、抗体、その抗原結合フラグメントまたはその変異体を哺乳動物細胞発現の助けを借りて産生することができる方法を知っている。
抗体、その抗原結合フラグメントまたはその変異体は、例として硫酸アンモニウムまたはエタノール沈殿、酸抽出、プロテインAクロマトグラフィー、プロテインGクロマトグラフィー、陰イオンまたは陽イオン交換クロマトグラフィー、ホスホセルロースクロマトグラフィー、疎水性相互作用クロマトグラフィー(HIC)、アフィニティークロマトグラフィー、ヒドロキシアパタイトクロマトグラフィーおよびレクチンクロマトグラフィーが挙げられる周知の方法によって組換え細胞培養物から回収および精製することができる。高速液体クロマトグラフィー(「HPLC」)も同様に精製に使用することができる。例えば、Colligan、Current Protocols in Immunology、またはCurrent Protocols in Protein Science、John Wiley&Sons、NY、N.Y.、(1997〜2001)、例えば、第1、4、6、8、9、10章を参照されたい。
本発明によると、抗CD123抗体を使用することが可能である。
本発明によると、抗CXCR5抗体を使用することが可能である。
本発明による結合剤−薬物コンジュゲートのための好ましい抗体および抗原結合抗体フラグメント
その治療に本発明による化合物が使用され得る過増殖性疾患には、特に、がんおよび腫瘍疾患の群が含まれる。本発明の文脈において、これらは、それだけに限らないが、以下の疾患を特に意味すると理解される:乳癌および乳腫瘍(乳腺管および小葉形態、原位置も含む乳癌)、気道の腫瘍(小細胞および非小細胞癌、気管支癌)、脳腫瘍(例えば、脳幹および視床下部のもの、星細胞腫、上衣腫、膠芽腫、神経膠腫、髄芽腫、髄膜腫および神経外胚葉性腫瘍および松果体腫瘍)、消化器官の腫瘍(食道、胃、胆嚢、小腸、大腸、直腸の癌および肛門癌)、肝臓腫瘍(とりわけ、肝細胞癌、胆管癌および混合肝細胞性胆管癌)、頭頸部領域の腫瘍(喉頭、下咽頭、上咽頭、中喉頭、口唇および口腔癌、口腔黒色腫)、皮膚腫瘍(基底細胞腫、棘細胞癌、扁平上皮細胞癌、カポジ肉腫、悪性黒色腫、非黒色腫性皮膚がん、メルケル細胞皮膚がん、肥満細胞腫瘍)、結合組織の腫瘍(とりわけ、軟組織肉腫、骨肉腫、悪性線維性組織球腫、軟骨肉腫、線維肉腫、血管肉腫、平滑筋肉腫、脂肪肉腫、リンパ肉腫および横紋筋肉腫)、眼の腫瘍(とりわけ、眼内黒色腫および網膜芽細胞腫)、内分泌腺および外分泌腺の腫瘍(例えば、甲状腺および副甲状腺、膵臓および唾液腺癌、腺癌)、尿路の腫瘍(膀胱、陰茎、腎臓、腎盂および尿管の腫瘍)ならびに生殖器官の腫瘍(女性の子宮内膜、子宮頸部、卵巣、膣、外陰および子宮ならびに男性の前立腺および精巣の癌)。これらにはまた、固形および循環細胞としての血液、リンパ系および脊髄の増殖性疾患、例えば、白血病、リンパ腫および骨髄増殖性疾患、例えば急性骨髄性、急性リンパ芽球性、慢性リンパ球性、慢性骨髄性および有毛細胞白血病ならびにAIDS関連リンパ腫、ホジキンリンパ腫、非ホジキンリンパ腫、皮膚T細胞リンパ腫、バーキットリンパ腫および中枢神経系のリンパ腫も含まれる。
131I−chTNT、アバレリクス、アビラテロン、アクラルビシン、アダリムマブ、Ado−トラスツズマブ・エムタンシン、アファチニブ、アフリベルセプト、アルデスロイキン、アレムツズマブ、アレンドロン酸、アリトレチノイン、アルトレタミン、アミホスチン、アミノグルテチミド、ヘキシル−5−アミノレブリン酸、アムルビシン、アムサクリン、アナストロゾール、アンセスチム、アネトールジチオールチオン、アネツマブ・ラブタンシン、アンギオテンシンII、アンチトロンビンIII、アプレピタント、アルシツモマブ、アルグラビン、三酸化ヒ素、アスパラギナーゼ、アテゾリズマブ、アベルマブ、アキシチニブ、アザシチジン、ベロテカン、ベンダムスチン、ベシレソマブ、ベリノスタット、ベバシズマブ、ベキサロテン、ビカルタミド、ビサントレン、ブレオマイシン、ブリナツモマブ、ボルテゾミブ、ブセレリン、ボスチニブ、ブレンツキシマブベドチン、ブスルファン、カバジタキセル、カボザンチニブ、カルシトニン、ホリナートカルシウム、レボホリナートカルシウム、カペシタビン、カプロマブ、カルボマゼピン、カルボプラチン、カルボコン、カーフィルゾミブ、カルモフール、カルムスチン、カツマキソマブ、セレコキシブ、セルモロイキン、セリチニブ、セツキシマブ、クロラムブシル、クロルマジノン、クロルメチン、シドフォビル、シナカルセト、シスプラチン、クラドリビン、クロドロン酸、クロファラビン、コビメチニブ、コパンリシブ、クリサンタスパーゼ、クリゾチニブ、シクロホスファミド、シプロテロン、シタラビン、ダカルバジン、ダクチノマイシン、ダラツムマブ、ダブラフェニブ、ダロルタミド、ダサチニブ、ダウノルビシン、デシタビン、デガレリクス、デニロイキンジフチトクス、デノスマブ、デプレオチド、デスロレリン、デクスラゾキサン、塩化ジブロスピジウム、ジアンヒドロガラクチトール、ジクロフェナク、ドセタキセル、ドラセトロン、ドキシフルリジン、ドキソルビシン、ドキソルビシン+エストロン、ドロナビノール、デュルバルマブ、エドレコロマブ、酢酸エリプチニウム、エンドスタチン、エノシタビン、エンザルタミド、エパカドスタット、エピルビシン、エピチオスタノール、エポエチンα、エポエチンβ、エポエチンζ、エプタプラチン、エリブリン、エルロチニブ、エソメプラゾール、エストラムスチン、エトポシド、エチニルエストラジオール、エベロリムス、エキセメスタン、ファドロゾール、フェンタニル、フルオキシメステロン、フロクスウリジン、フルダラビン、フルオロウラシル、フルタミド、葉酸、フォルメスタン、ホスアプレピタント、フォテムスチン、フルベストラント、ガドブトロール、ガドテリドール、ガドテル酸メグルミン塩、ガドベルセタミド、ガドキセト酸二ナトリウム塩(gd−EOB−DTPA二ナトリウム塩)、硝酸ガリウム、ガニレリクス、ゲフィチニブ、ゲムシタビン、ゲムツズマブ、グルカルピダーゼ、グルトキシム、ゴセレリン、グラニセトロン、顆粒球コロニー刺激因子(G−CSF)、顆粒球マクロファージコロニー刺激因子(GM−CSF)、ヒスタミン二塩酸塩、ヒストレリン、ヒドロキシカルバミド、I−125種、イバンドロン酸、イブリツモマブ・チウキセタン、イブルチニブ、イダルビシン、イホスファミド、イマチニブ、イミキモド、インプロスルファン、インジセトロン、インカドロン酸、インゲノールメブテート、インターフェロンα、インターフェロンβ、インターフェロンγ、イオビトリドール、イオベングアン(123I)、イオメプロール、イピリムマブ、イリノテカン、イトラコナゾール、イクサベピロン、イキサゾミブ、
ランレオチド、ランソプラゾール、ラパチニブ、ラソコリン、レナリドミド、レンバチニブ、レノグラスチム、レンチナン、レトロゾール、リュープロレリン、レバミソール、レボノルゲストレル、レボチロキシンナトリウム、リペグフィルグラスチム、リスリド、ロバプラチン、ロムスチン、ロニダミン、マソプロコール、メドロキシプロゲステロン、メゲストロール、メラルソプロール、メルファラン、メピチオスタン、メルカプトプリン、メスナ、メタドン、メトトレキサート、メトキサレン、アミノレブリン酸メチル、メチルプレドニゾロン、メチルテストステロン、メチロシン、ミファムルチド、ミルテフォシン、ミリプラチン、ミトブロニトール、ミトグアゾン、ミトラクトール、マイトマイシン、ミトタン、ミトキサントロン、モガムリズマブ、モルグラモスチム、モピダモール、塩酸モルヒネ、硫酸モルヒネ、ナビロン、ナビキシモルス、ナファレリン、ナロキソン+ペンタゾシン、ナルトレキソン、ナルトグラスチム、ネシツムマブ、ネダプラチン、ネララビン、ネリドロン酸、ネツピタント/パロノセトロン、ニボルマブ、ニボルマブ、ペンテトレオチド、ニロチニブ、ニルタミド、ニモラゾール、ニモツズマブ、ニムスチン、ニンテダニブ、ニトラクリン、ニボルマブ、オビヌツズマブ、オクトレオチド、オファツムマブ、オラパリブ、オララツマブ、オマセタキシン・メペサクシネート、オメプラゾール、オンダンセトロン、オルゴテイン、オリロチモド、オシメルチニブ、オキサリプラチン、オキシコドン、オキシメトロン、オゾガマイシン、p53遺伝子療法、パクリタキセル、パルボシクリブ、パリフェルミン、パラジウム103種、パロノセトロン、パミドロン酸、パニツムマブ、パノビノスタット、パントプラゾール、パゾパニブ、ペガスパルガーゼ、ペンブロリズマブ、ペグインターフェロンα−2b、ペンブロリズマブ、ペメトレキセド、ペントスタチン、ペプロマイシン、ペルフルブタン、ペルホスファミド、ペルツズマブ、ピシバニール、ピロカルピン、ピラルビシン、ピキサントロン、プレリキサフォール、プリカマイシン、ポリグルサム、リン酸ポリエストラジオール、ポリビニルピロリドン+ヒアルロン酸ナトリウム、ポリサッカリド−K、ポマリドマイド、ポナチニブ、ポルフィマーナトリウム、プララトレキサート、プレドニムスチン、プレドニゾン、プロカルバジン、プロコダゾール、プロプラノロール、キナゴリド、ラベプラゾール、ラコツモマブ、塩化ラジウム−223、ラドチニブ、ラロキシフェン、ラルチトレキセド、ラモセトロン、ラムシルマブ、ラニムスチン、ラスブリカーゼ、ラゾキサン、レファメチニブ、レゴラフェニブ、リセドロン酸、レニウム−186エチドロネート、リツキシマブ、ロガラチニブ、ロラピタント、ロミデプシン、ロムルチド、ロニシクリブ、サマリウム(153Sm)レキシドロナム、サツモマブ、セクレチン、シルツキシマブ、シプレウセル−T、シゾフィラン、ソブゾキサン、グリシダゾールナトリウム、ソニデジブ、ソラフェニブ、スタノゾロール、ストレプトゾシン、スニチニブ、タラポルフィン、タリモジーン・ラハーパレプベック、タミバロテン、タモキシフェン、タペンタドール、タソネルミン、テセロイキン、テクネチウム(99mTc)ノフェツモマブメルペンタン、99mTc−HYNIC−[Tyr3]−オクトレオチド、テガフール、テガフール+ギメラシル+オテラシル、テモポルフィン、テモゾロミド、テムシロリムス、テニポシド、テストステロン、テトロフォスミン、サリドマイド、チオテパ、チマルファシン、サイロトロピンα、チオグアニン、トシリズマブ、トポテカン、トレミフェン、トシツモマブ、トラベクテジン、トラメチニブ、トラマドール、トラスツズマブ、トレオスルファン、トレチノイン、トリフルリジン+チピラシル、トラメチニブ、トリロスタン、トリプトレリン、トロホスファミド、トロンボポエチン、ウベニメクス、バルルビシン、バンデタニブ、バプレオチド、バタラニブ、ベムラフェニブ、ビンブラスチン、ビンクリスチン、ビンデシン、ビンフルニン、ビノレルビン、ビスモデギブ、ボリノスタット、イットリウム90ガラスマイクロビーズ、ジノスタチン、ジノスタチンスチマラマー、ゾレドロン酸、ゾルビシン。
・個々の有効成分による治療と比較して、腫瘍の成長を遅くし、そのサイズを縮小し、またはそれを完全に排除する有効性の改善;
・単独療法の場合よりも低投与量で使用される化学療法剤を使用する可能性;
・個々の投与と比較してより少ない副作用でのより耐容性のある療法の可能性;
・より広範囲の新生物障害の治療の可能性;
・療法に対するより高い反応率の達成;
・現在の標準療法と比較してより長い患者の生存時間。
以下の実施例は、本発明を例示する。本発明はこれらの実施例に制限されない。
実施例の例として、以下のスキームは、実施例に至る例示的な合成経路を示す:合成順序と保護基戦略の両方を、標的化合物への経路上で変えることができる。
略語および頭字語:
ABCB1 ATP結合カセットサブファミリーBメンバー1(P−gpおよびMDR1の同義語)
abs. 無水
Ac アセチル
ACN アセトニトリル
aq. 水性、水溶液
ATP アデノシン三リン酸
BCRP
BEP 乳がん耐性タンパク質、流出輸送体
2−ブロモ−1−エチルピリジニウムテトラフルオロボレート
Boc tert−ブトキシカルボニル
br. ブロードな(NMRにおける)
Ex. 実施例
C 濃度
ca. およそ、約
CI 化学イオン化(MSにおける)
d 二重項(NMRにおける)
d 日
DAR 薬物-対-抗体の比
TLC 薄層クロマトグラフィー
DCI 直接化学イオン化(MSにおける)
DCM ジクロロメタン
dd 二重項の二重項(NMRにおける)
DMAP 4−N,N−ジメチルアミノピリジン
DME 1,2−ジメトキシエタン
DMEM ダルベッコ改変イーグル培地(細胞培養のための標準栄養培地)
DMF N,N−ジメチルホルムアミド
DMSO ジメチルスルホキシド
D/P 色素(蛍光色素)/タンパク質比
DPBS,D−PBS, ダルベッコリン酸緩衝塩溶液
DSMZ Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen(ドイツ微生物細胞培養コレクション)
PBS PBS=DPBS=D−PBS、pH7.4、Sigma、番号D8537
組成:
KCl 0.2g
KH2PO4(無水物)0.2g
NaCl 8.0g
Na2HPO4(無水物)1.15g
H2Oを用いて1lにした
dt 三重項の二重項(NMRにおける)
DTT DL−ジチオトレイトール
EDC N’−(3−ジメチルアミノプロピル)−N−エチルカルボジイミド塩酸塩
EGFR 上皮成長因子受容体
EI 電子衝突イオン化(MSにおける)
ELISA 酵素結合免疫吸着測定法
eq. 当量
ESI エレクトロスプレーイオン化(MSにおける)
ESI−MicroTofq ESI−MicroTofq(Tof=飛行時間およびq=四重極による質量分析計の名称)
FCS ウシ胎仔血清
Fmoc (9H−フルオレン−9−イルメトキシ)カルボニル
sat. 飽和
GTP グアノシン−5’−三リン酸
H 時間
HATU O−(7−アザベンゾトリアゾール−1−イル)−N,N,N’,N’−テトラメチルウロニウムヘキサフルオロホスフェート
HEPES 4−(2−ヒドロキシエチル)ピペラジン−1−エタンスルホン酸
HOAc
HOAt 酢酸
1−ヒドロキシ−7−アザベンゾトリアゾール
HOBt 1−ヒドロキシ−1H−ベンゾトリアゾール水和物
HOSu N−ヒドロキシスクシンイミド
HPLC 高圧、高速液体クロマトグラフィー
IC50 最大半数阻害濃度
i.m. 筋肉内、筋肉への投与
i.v. 静脈内、静脈内への投与
KPL−4 ヒト腫瘍細胞株
conc. 濃縮
LC−MS 液体クロマトグラフィー結合質量分析
LLC−PK1 cells ルイス肺癌ブタ腎臓細胞株
L−MDR ヒトMDR1トランスフェクトLLC−PK1細胞
M 多重項(NMRにおける)
MDR1
MeCN 多剤耐性タンパク質1
アセトニトリル
Me メチル
min 分
MOLM−13 ヒト腫瘍細胞株
MS 質量分析
MTT 3−(4,5−ジメチルチアゾール−2−イル)−2,5−ジフェニル−2H−テトラゾリウムブロミド
MV−4−11 ヒト腫瘍細胞株
NCI−H292 ヒト腫瘍細胞株
NMM N−メチルモルホリン
NMP N−メチル−2−ピロリジノン
NMR 核磁気共鳴分光法
NMRI 海軍医学研究所(NMRI)に由来するマウス系統
Nude mice 実験動物
NSCLC 非小細胞肺がん
PBS リン酸緩衝塩溶液
Pd/C パラジウム活性炭
P−gp P−糖タンパク質、トランスポータータンパク質
PNGaseF 糖を切断する酵素
quant. 定量的(収率における)
quart 四重項(NMRにおける)
quint 五重項(NMRにおける)
Rec−1 ヒト腫瘍細胞株
Rf 保持指数(TLCにおける)
RT 室温
Rt 保持時間(HPLCにおける)
s 一重項(NMRにおける)
s.c. 皮下投与、皮膚下への投与
SCID mice 重度の複合免疫不全を有する試験マウス
SK−HEP−1 ヒト腫瘍細胞株
T 三重項(NMRにおける)
TBAF テトラ−n−ブチルアンモニウムフルオリド
TEMPO (2,2,6,6−テトラメチルピペリジン−1−イル)オキシル
Teoc トリメチルシリルエトキシカルボニル
Teoc−OSu 1−({[2−(トリメチルシリル)エトキシ]カルボニル}オキシ)ピロリジン−2,5−ジオン
tert 第三級
TFA トリフルオロ酢酸
THF テトラヒドロフラン
T3P(登録商標) 2,4,6−トリプロピル−1,3,5,2,4,6−トリオキサトリホスフィナン2,4,6−トリオキシド
UV 紫外分光法
v/v (溶液の)体積-対-体積の比
Z ベンジルオキシカルボニル
方法1(LC−MS):
機器:Waters ACQUITY SQD UPLCシステム;カラム:Waters Acquity UPLC HSS T3 1.8μ50×1mm;移動相A:水1l+99%濃度ギ酸0.25ml;移動相B:アセトニトリル1l+99%濃度ギ酸0.25ml;勾配:0.0分90%A→1.2分5%A→2.0分5%A;オーブン:50℃;流量:0.40ml/分;UV検出:208〜400nm。
MS機器型:Waters Synapt G2S;UPLC機器型:Waters Acquity I−CLASS;カラム:Waters、BEH300、2.1×150mm、C18 1.7μm;移動相A:水1l+0.01%ギ酸;移動相B:アセトニトリル1l+0.01%ギ酸;勾配:0.0分2%B→1.5分2%B→8.5分95%B→10.0分95%B;オーブン:50℃;流量:0.50ml/分;UV検出:220nm
MS機器:Waters(Micromass)QM;HPLC機器:Agilent 1100シリーズ;カラム:Agilent ZORBAX Extend−C18 3.0×50mm 3.5ミクロン;移動相A:水1l+0.01molの炭酸アンモニウム、移動相B:アセトニトリル1l;勾配:0.0分98%A→0.2分98%A→3.0分5%A→4.5分5%A;オーブン:40℃;流量:1.75ml/分;UV検出:210nm
MS機器型:Waters Synapt G2S;UPLC機器型:Waters Acquity I−CLASS;カラム:Waters、HSST3、2.1×50mm、C18 1.8μm;移動相A:水1l+0.01%ギ酸;移動相B:アセトニトリル1l+0.01%ギ酸;勾配:0.0分10%B→0.3分10%B→1.7分95%B→2.5分95%B;オーブン:50℃;流量:1.20ml/分;UV検出:210nm
機器:Waters ACQUITY SQD UPLCシステム;カラム:Waters Acquity UPLC HSS T3 1.8μ50×1mm;移動相A:水1l+99%濃度ギ酸0.25ml;移動相B:アセトニトリル1l+99%濃度ギ酸0.25ml;勾配:0.0分95%A→6.0分5%A→7.5分5%A;オーブン:50℃;流量:0.35ml/分;UV検出:210〜400nm。
機器:Micromass Quattro Premier with Waters UPLC Acquity;カラム:Thermo Hypersil GOLD 1.9μ、50×1mm;移動相A:水1l+50%濃度ギ酸0.5ml;移動相B:アセトニトリル1l+50%濃度ギ酸0.5ml;勾配:0.0分97%A→0.5分97%A→3.2分5%A→4.0分5%Aオーブン:50℃;流量:0.3ml/分;UV検出:210nm。
機器:Agilent MS Quad 6150;HPLC:Agilent 1290;カラム:Waters Acquity UPLC HSS T3 1.8μ50×2.1mm;移動相A:水1l+99%濃度ギ酸0.25ml;移動相B:アセトニトリル1l+99%濃度ギ酸0.25ml;勾配:0.0分90%A→0.3分90%A→1.7分5%A→3.0分5%Aオーブン:50℃;流量:1.20ml/分;UV検出:205〜305nm。
MS機器型:Waters Synapt G2S;UPLC機器型:Waters Acquity I−CLASS;カラム:Waters、HSST3、2.1×50mm、C18 1.8μm;移動相A:水1l+0.01%ギ酸;移動相B:アセトニトリル1l+0.01%ギ酸;勾配:0.0分2%B→2.0分2%B→13.0分90%B→15.0分90%B;オーブン:50℃;流量:1.20ml/分;UV検出:210nm。
MS機器:Waters;HPLC機器:Waters(カラムWaters X−Bridge C18、19mm×50mm、5μm、溶離液A:水+0.05%アンモニア、移動相B:アセトニトリル(ULC)、勾配;流量:40ml/分;UV検出:DAD;210〜400nm)
または
MS機器:Waters、HPLC機器:Waters(カラムPhenomenex Luna 5μC18(2)100A、AXIA Tech.50×21.2mm、溶離液A:水+0.05%ギ酸、溶離液B:アセトニトリル(ULC)、勾配;流量:40ml/分;UV検出:DAD;210〜400nm)。
MS機器:Waters SQD;HPLC機器:Waters UPLC;カラム:Zorbax SB−Aq(Agilent)、50mm×2.1mm、1.8μm;移動相A:水+0.025%ギ酸、溶離液B:アセトニトリル(ULC)+0.025%ギ酸;勾配:0.0分98%A−0.9分25%A−1.0分5%A−1.4分5%A−1.41分98%A−1.5分98%A;オーブン:40℃;流量:0.600ml/分;UV検出:DAD;210nm。
機器:HP1100シリーズ、カラム:Merck Chromolith SpeedROD RP−18e、50−4.6mm、カタログ番号1.51450.0001、プレカラムChromolith Guardカートリッジキット、RP−18e、5−4.6mm、カタログ番号1.51470.0001;勾配:流量5ml/分;注入量5μl;溶媒A:水中HClO4(70%)(4ml/l)、溶媒B:アセトニトリル開始20%B、0.50分20%B、3.00分90%B、3.50分90%B、3.51分20%B、4.00分、20%B、カラム温度:40℃、波長:210nm
MS機器型:Thermo Scientific FT−MS;機器型:UHPLC+:Thermo Scientific UltiMate 3000;カラム:Waters、HSST3、2.1×75mm、C18 1.8μm;移動相A:水1l+0.01%ギ酸;移動相B:アセトニトリル1l+0.01%ギ酸;勾配:0.0分10%B→2.5分95%B→3.5分95%B;オーブン:50℃;流量:0.90ml/分;UV検出:210nm/最適積分路210〜300nm
MS機器:Waters(Micromass)Quattro Micro;機器Waters UPLC Acquity;カラム:Waters BEH C18 1.7μ 50×2.1mm;移動相A:水1l+0.01molのギ酸アンモニウム、移動相B:アセトニトリル1l;勾配:0.0分95%A→0.1分95%A→2.0分15%A→2.5分15%A→2.51分10%A→3.0分10%A;オーブン:40℃;流量:0.5ml/分;UV検出:210nm。
MS機器型:ThermoFisherScientific LTQ−Orbitrap−XL;HPLC機器型:Agilent 1200SL;カラム:Agilent、POROSHELL 120、3×150mm、SB−C18 2.7μm;移動相A:水1l+0.1%トリフルオロ酢酸;移動相B:アセトニトリル1l+0.1%トリフルオロ酢酸;勾配:0.0分2%B→0.3分2%B→5.0分95%B→10.0分95%B;オーブン:40℃;流量:0.75ml/分;UV検出:210nm
中間体C52
(1R)−1−[1−ベンジル−4−(2,5−ジフルオロフェニル)−1H−ピロール−2−イル]−2,2−ジメチルプロパン−1−アミン
LC−MS(方法1):Rt=1.18分;MS(ESIpos):m/z=295[M+H]+。
LC−MS(方法7):Rt=1.59分;MS(ESIpos):m/z=328[M+H]+。
LC−MS(方法7):Rt=1.48分;MS(ESIpos):m/z=298[M+H]+。
LC−MS(方法7):Rt=1.63分;MS(ESIpos):m/z=401[M+H]+。
LC−MS(方法6):Rt=2.97分;MS(ESIpos):m/z=459[M+H]+。
LC−MS(方法6):Rt=2.10分;MS(ESIpos):m/z=338[M−NH2]+、709[2M+H]+。
1H−NMR(400 MHz,DMSO−d6):δ[ppm]= 0.87(s,9H),1.53(s,2H),3.59(s,1H),5.24(d,2H),6.56(s,1H),6.94(m,1H),7.10(d,2H),7.20(m,1H),7.26(m,2H),7.34(m,2H),7.46(m,1H).
(2S)−4−[{(1R)−1−[1−ベンジル−4−(2,5−ジフルオロフェニル)−1H−ピロール−2−イル]−2,2−ジメチルプロピル}(グリコロイル)アミノ]−2−({[2−(トリメチルシリル)エトキシ]カルボニル}アミノ)ブタン酸
LC−MS(方法12)Rt=1.97分;MS(ESIpos):m/z=614(M+H)+。
LC−MS(方法1)Rt=1.48分;MS(ESIpos):m/z=714(M+H)+。
LC−MS(方法1):Rt=1.34分;MS(ESIpos):m/z=656(M−H)−。
1H−NMR(400 MHz,DMSO−d6):δ[ppm]=0.03(s,9H),0.58(m,1H),0.74−0.92(m,11H),1.40(m,1H),3.3(m,2H),3.7(m,1H),3.8−4.0(m,2H),4.15(q,2H),4.9 and 5.2(2d,2H),5.61(s,1H),6.94(m,2H),7.13−7.38(m,7H),7.48(s,1H),7.60(m,1H),12.35(s,1H).
2−(トリメチルシリル)エチル[(2S)−4−[{(1R)−1−[1−ベンジル−4−(2,5−ジフルオロフェニル)−1H−ピロール−2−イル]−2,2−ジメチルプロピル}(グリコロイル)アミノ]−1−{[2−(グリシルアミノ)エチル]アミノ}−1−オキソブタン−2−イル]−カルバメート
LC−MS(方法1):Rt=1.36分;MS(ESIpos):m/z=891(M+H)+。
LC−MS(方法1):Rt=1.03分;MS(ESIpos):m/z=757(M+H)+。
tert−ブチルN−[(8S)−8−{2−[{(1R)−1−[1−ベンジル−4−(2,5−ジフルオロフェニル)−1H−ピロール−2−イル]−2,2−ジメチルプロピル}(グリコロイル)アミノ]エチル}−2,2−ジメチル−6,9−ジオキソ−5−オキサ−7,10−ジアザ−2−シラドデカン−12−イル]−D−α−グルタミネート
LC−MS(方法1):Rt=1.05分;MS(ESIpos):m/z=885(M+H)+。
tert−ブチルグリシル−N−[(8S)−8−{2−[{(1R)−1−[1−ベンジル−4−(2,5−ジフルオロフェニル)−1H−ピロール−2−イル]−2,2−ジメチルプロピル}(グリコロイル)アミノ]エチル}−2,2−ジメチル−6,9−ジオキソ−5−オキサ−7,10−ジアザ−2−シラドデカン−12−イル]−D−α−グルタミネート
LC−MS(方法1):Rt=1.03分;MS(ESIpos):m/z=942(M+H)+。
トリフルオロ酢酸N−(2−アミノエチル)−2−(2,5−ジオキソ−2,5−ジヒドロ−1H−ピロール−1−イル)アセトアミド
LC−MS(方法1):Rt=0.17分;MS(ESIpos):m/z=198(M+H)+。
メチル(2S)−4−オキソ−2−({[2−(トリメチルシリル)エトキシ]カルボニル}アミノ)ブタノエート
LC−MS(方法1):Rt=0.89分;MS(ESIneg):m/z=290(M−H)−。
LC−MS(方法1)Rt=0.87分;MS(ESIpos):m/z=278(M+H)+。
1H−NMR(400 MHz,DMSO−d6):δ[ppm]=0.03(s,9H),0.91(m,2H),2.70−2.79(m,1H),2.88(dd,1H),3.63(s,3H),4.04(m,2H),4.55(m,1H),7.54(d,1H),9.60(t,1H).
トリフルオロ酢酸tert−ブチルN−(2−アミノエチル)−N2−[(ベンジルオキシ)カルボニル]−D−α−グルタミネート塩
LC−MS(方法1)Rt=0.62分;MS(ESI−pos):m/z=380(M+H)+。
トリフルオロ酢酸(2S)−2−アミノ−4−[{(1R)−1−[1−ベンジル−4−(2,5−ジフルオロフェニル)−1H−ピロール−2−イル]−2,2−ジメチルプロピル}(グリコロイル)アミノ]−N−(2−{[(2,5−ジオキソ−2,5−ジヒドロ−1H−ピロール−1−イル)アセチル]アミノ}エチル)ブタンアミド塩
LC−MS(方法1)Rt=1.30分;MS(ESIpos):m/z=837(M+H)+。
LC−MS(方法1)Rt=0.82分;MS(ESIpos):m/z=693(M+H)+。
N−[2−({(2S)−2−アミノ−4−[{(1R)−1−[1−ベンジル−4−(2,5−ジフルオロフェニル)−1H−ピロール−2−イル]−2,2−ジメチルプロピル}(グリコロイル)アミノ]ブタノイル}アミノ)エチル]−N2−[(2,5−ジオキソ−2,5−ジヒドロ−1H−ピロール−1−イル)アセチル]−D−α−グルタミントリフルオロ酢酸塩
LC−MS(方法12)Rt=1.44分;MS(ESIpos):m/z=822(M+H)+。
B−1.抗CD123および抗CXCR5抗体ならびに抗CD123および抗CXCR5抗体のキメラおよびヒト化変異体を作製するための一般的方法
使用した抗体、例えば抗CD123抗体TPP−8987、TPP−8988およびTPP−9476ならびに抗CXCR5抗体TPP−9024、TPP−9574およびTPP−9580のタンパク質配列(アミノ酸配列)を、当業者に公知の方法によってそれぞれのタンパク質をコードするDNA配列に変換し、一過性哺乳動物細胞培養に適した発現ベクターに挿入する(Tomら、Methods Express:Expression Systemsの第12章、Michael R.DysonおよびYves Durocher編、Scion Publishing Ltd、2007に記載されているように)。
抗体、例えば、抗CD123抗体TPP−8987、TPP−8988およびTPP−9476、ならびに抗CXCR5抗体TPP−9024、TPP−9574およびTPP−9580を、Tomら、Methods Express:Expression Systemsの第12章、Michael R.DysonおよびYves Durocher編、Scion Publishing Ltd、2007に記載されるように、一過性哺乳動物細胞培養で作製した。
抗体、例えば抗CD123抗体TPP−8987、TPP−8988およびTPP−9476ならびに抗CXCR5抗体TPP−9024、TPP−9574およびTPP−9580を細胞培養上清から得た。細胞上清を細胞の遠心分離によって清澄化した。次いで、細胞上清を、MabSelect Sure(GE Healthcare)クロマトグラフィーカラムでのアフィニティークロマトグラフィーによって精製した。この目的のために、カラムをDPBS pH7.4(Sigma/Aldrich)で平衡化し、細胞上清をアプライし、カラムを約10カラム容量のDPBS pH7.4+500mM塩化ナトリウムで洗浄した。抗体を50mM酢酸ナトリウムpH3.5+500mM塩化ナトリウムに溶出し、次いで、DPBS pH7.4中Superdex 200カラム(GE Healthcare)でゲル濾過クロマトグラフィーによってさらに精製した。
以下の抗体をカップリング反応に使用した:
抗CD123 AK TPP−8987
抗CD123 AK TPP−8988
抗CD123 AK TPP−9476
抗CXCR5 AK TPP−9024
抗CXCR5 AK TPP−9574
抗CXCR5 AK TPP−9580
PBS緩衝液に溶解した2〜5当量のトリス(2−カルボキシエチル)ホスフィン塩酸塩(TCEP)を、適切な抗体2〜5mgのPBS緩衝液中溶液に、1mg/ml〜20mg/mlの濃度範囲、好ましくは約5mg/ml〜15mg/mlの範囲で添加し、混合物を室温で30分〜1時間撹拌した。その後、意図する充填に応じて、2〜12当量、好ましくは約5〜10当量のカップリングするマレイミド前駆体化合物をDMSO中溶液として添加した。ここで、DMSOの量は全体積の10%を超えるべきでない。混合物を室温で60〜240分間撹拌し、その後、予めpH8に調整したPBS緩衝液で2.5〜7.5mlの容量に希釈し、次いで、PBS緩衝液pH8で平衡化したPD10カラム(Sephadex(登録商標)G−25、GE Healthcare)を通過させ、PBS緩衝液pH8で溶出した。溶出液をアルゴン下室温で一晩撹拌した。その後、溶液を超遠心分離によって濃縮し、PBS緩衝液(pH7.2)で再希釈した。
アルゴン下で、PBS緩衝液中2〜5当量、好ましくは3当量のTCEP溶液(c約0.2〜0.8mg/ml、好ましくは0.5mg/ml)を、PBS緩衝液中当の抗体20〜200mg(c約5〜15mg/ml)に添加した。混合物を室温で30分間撹拌し、次いで、DMSOに溶解した2〜12当量、好ましくは5〜10当量のマレイミド前駆体化合物を添加した。室温でさらに1.5時間〜2時間撹拌した後、混合物を予めpH8に調整したPBS緩衝液で希釈した。
抗CD123 AK TPP−8987(部分的に還元された)−S§1
抗CD123 AK TPP−8988(部分的に還元された)−S§1
抗CD123 AK TPP−9476(部分的に還元された)−S§1
抗CXCR5 AK TPP−9024(部分的に還元された)−S§1
抗CXCR5 AK TPP−9574(部分的に還元された)−S§1
抗CXCR5 AK TPP−9580(部分的に還元された)−S§1
(式中、
§1は、スクシンイミド基または任意の異性体加水分解開鎖スクシンアミドまたはそこから生じたアルキレン基との結合を表し、
Sは部分的に還元された抗体のシステイン残基の硫黄原子を表す)。
反応後、場合によって、反応混合物を、例えば限外濾過によって濃縮し、次いで、例えばSephadex(登録商標)G−25カラムを使用してクロマトグラフィーによって脱塩および精製した。溶出を、例えば、リン酸緩衝生理食塩水(PBS)を用いて行った。次いで、溶液を滅菌濾過し、凍結させた。あるいは、コンジュゲートを凍結乾燥することができる。
脱グリコシル化および/または変性後の分子量決定に加えてタンパク質識別のために、トリプシン消化を行って、変性、還元および誘導体化後に、発見されたトリプシン性ペプチドを介したタンパク質の識別を確認した。
個々のコンジュゲート種の分子量の質量分析測定によって、リジン結合ADCのtoxophore搭載量の決定を行った。ここで、抗体コンジュゲートをまずPNGaseFで脱グリコシル化し、試料を酸性化し、HPLC分離/脱塩後、ESI−MicroTofQ(Bruker Daltonik)を用いた質量分析によって分析した。TIC(全イオンクロマトグラム)中のシグナル上の全てのスペクトルを加え、MaxEnt逆重畳積分に基づいて異なるコンジュゲート種の分子量を計算した。次いで、DAR(=薬物/抗体比)を、異なる種のシグナル積分後に計算した。この目的のために、toxophore数によって重み付けされた全ての種についての積分結果の合計を、全ての種について単純に重み付けされた積分結果の合計で割った。
カップリングが行われた後、結合剤が標的分子に結合する能力を確認した。当業者であれば、この目的のために使用することができる種々の方法に精通している;例えば、コンジュゲートの親和性を、ELISA技術または表面プラズモン共鳴分析(BIAcore(商標)測定)を用いて確認することができる。コンジュゲート濃度は、例えばタンパク質決定によって抗体コンジュゲートのための慣用的な方法を用いて当業者によって測定され得る(Doroninaら;Nature Biotechnol.2003;21:778〜784およびPolsonら、Blood 2007;1102:616〜623も参照)。
マレイミド基を介して抗体のシステイン側鎖にカップリングした実施例および参照実施例の構造式に示されるADCは、リンカーおよびカップリング手順に応じて、主に示される開環形態で存在する。しかしながら、調製物は、少量の閉環形態を含んでもよい。
アルゴン下、TCEP0.029mgのPBS緩衝液0.05ml中溶液を、PBS0.5ml中当の抗体5mg(c=10mg/ml)に添加した。混合物を室温で30分間撹拌し、次いで、DMSO50μlに溶解した中間体F325 0.26mg(0.00023mmol)を添加した。室温でさらに90分間撹拌した後、混合物を予めpH8に調整したPBS緩衝液2.5ml容量に希釈し、次いで、PBS緩衝液pH8で平衡化したPD10カラム(Sephadex(登録商標)G−25、GE Healthcare)を通過させ、PBS緩衝液pH8で溶出した。次いで、溶出液をアルゴン下室温で一晩撹拌した。これに続いて超遠心分離による濃縮およびPBS緩衝液(pH7.2)による再希釈を行った。
アルゴン下、TCEP0.172mgのPBS緩衝液0.3ml中溶液を、PBS3ml中当の抗体30mg(c=10mg/ml)に添加した。混合物を室温で30分間撹拌し、次いで、DMSO300μlに溶解した中間体F325 1.57mg(0.0014mmol)を添加した。室温でさらに90分間撹拌した後、混合物を予めpH8に調整したPBS緩衝液5ml容量に希釈し、次いで、PBS緩衝液pH8で平衡化したPD10カラム(Sephadex(登録商標)G−25、GE Healthcare)を通過させ、PBS緩衝液pH8で溶出した。次いで、溶出液をアルゴン下室温で一晩撹拌した。次いで、この溶液を、PBS緩衝液pH7.2で平衡化したPD10カラム(Sephadex(登録商標)G−25、GE Healthcare)にアプライし、PBS緩衝液pH7.2で溶出した。次いで、溶出液を超遠心分離によって濃縮し、PBS緩衝液(pH7.2)で再希釈し、再濃縮し、次いで、滅菌濾過した。
実施例M1
N−(3−{[(2R)−2−アミノ−2−カルボキシエチル]スルファニル}−3−カルボキシプロパノイル)グリシル−N−[2−({(2S)−2−アミノ−4−[{(1R)})−1−[1−ベンジル−4−(2,5−ジフルオロフェニル)−1H−ピロール−2−イル]−2,2−ジメチルプロピル}(グリコロイル)アミノ]ブタノイル}アミノ)エチル]−D−α−グルタミントリフルオロ酢酸塩
位置異性体1、エピマー混合物
LC−MS(方法5):Rt=2.44分;MS(ESIneg):m/z=959[M−H]−
N−(2−{[(2R)−2−アミノ−2−カルボキシエチル]スルファニル}−3−カルボキシプロパノイル)グリシル−N−[2−({(2S)−2−アミノ−4−[{(1R)})−1−[1−ベンジル−4−(2,5−ジフルオロフェニル)−1H−ピロール−2−イル]−2,2−ジメチルプロピル}(グリコロイル)アミノ]ブタノイル}アミノ)エチル]−D−α−グルタミントリフルオロ酢酸塩
位置異性体2、エピマー混合物
1,8−ジアザビシクロ[5.4.0]ウンデカ−7−エン801μl(5.4mmol)を、メチルN−{[2−(トリメチルシリル)エトキシ]カルボニル}−L−システイネート(1000mg、3.58mmol)および2−ブロモ−4−エトキシ−4−オキソブタン酸(926mg、4.11mmol)のDMF(40ml)中溶液に添加し、反応物を室温で2時間撹拌した。次いで、反応物を減圧下で濃縮し、残渣を分取HPLCによって精製した。
LC−MS(方法5):Rt=2.41分;MS(ESIneg):m/z=959[M−H]−
アルゴン下、TCEP0.172mgのPBS緩衝液300μl中溶液を、PBS3ml中適切なAK 30mg(c=10mg/ml)に添加した。混合物を室温で30分間撹拌し、次いで、DMSO300μlに溶解した中間体F104 1.291mg(1.6μmol)を添加した。室温でさらに90分間撹拌した後、混合物を予めpH8に調整したPBS緩衝液1.4mlで希釈した。
以下のADCをこれらの手順と同様に調製し、表に明言されるように特徴付けた:
4−[(2−{[2−({(2S)−2−アミノ−4−[{(1R)−1−[1−ベンジル−4−(2,5−ジフルオロフェニル)−1H−ピロール−2−イル]−2,2−ジメチルプロピル}(グリコロイル)アミノ]ブタノイル}アミノ)エチル]アミノ}−2−オキソエチル)アミノ]−2−{[(2R)−2−アミノ−2−カルボキシエチル]スルファニル}−4−オキソブタン酸トリフルオロ酢酸塩
エピマー混合物としての位置異性体1:
LC−MS(方法5):Rt=2.43分;MS(ESIpos):m/z=832[M+H]+
4−[(2−{[2−({(2S)−2−アミノ−4−[{(1R)−1−[1−ベンジル−4−(2,5−ジフルオロフェニル)−1H−ピロール−2−イル]−2,2−ジメチルプロピル}(グリコロイル)アミノ]ブタノイル}アミノ)エチル]アミノ}−2−オキソエチル)アミノ]−3−{[(2R)−2−アミノ−2−カルボキシエチル]スルファニル}−4−オキソブタン酸トリフルオロ酢酸塩
エピマー混合物としての異性体2:
LC−MS(方法5):Rt=2.41分;MS(ESIpos):m/z=832[M+H]+
本発明による化合物の生物学的活性を以下に記載されるアッセイで示すことができる:
C−1a:CD123およびCXCR5に対するADCの細胞傷害性効果の決定
代表的なADCの細胞傷害効果の分析を、種々の細胞株を用いて行った:
NCI−H292:ヒト粘表皮肺癌細胞、ATCC−CRL−1848、標準培地:RPMI 1640(Biochrom;番号FG1215、stab.グルタミン)+10%FCS(Sigma;番号F2442)、TWEAKR陽性;EGFR陽性、
KPL4:ヒト乳がん細胞株、Bayer Pharma AG(DSMZで2012年7月19日に同一性を検査および確認)、標準培地:RPMI 1640(Gibco製;番号21875−059、stab.L−グルタミン)+10%熱不活性化FCS(Gibco、番号10500−064);HER2陽性。
MTTアッセイ
以下の表1aは、このアッセイからの代表的な実施例についてのIC50値を示す:
ヒトキネシンスピンドルタンパク質KSP/Eg5(tebu−bio/Cytoskeleton Inc、番号027EG01−XL)のモータードメインを、10nMの濃度で、50μg/mlのタキソール(Sigma番号T7191−5MG)で安定化した微小管(ウシまたはブタ、tebu−bio/Cytoskeleton Inc)と共に、15mM PIPES、pH6.8(5mM MgCl2および10mM DTT、Sigma)中室温で5分間インキュベートした。新たに調製した混合物を、384MTP(Corning製)に等分した。次いで、1.0×10−6M〜1.0×10−13Mの濃度で試験する阻害剤およびATP(最終濃度500μM、Sigma)を添加した。インキュベーションを室温で2時間行った。マラカイトグリーン(Biomol)を用いて形成された無機リン酸塩を検出することによってATPアーゼ活性を検出した。試薬の添加後、アッセイを室温で50分間インキュベートした後、620nmの波長での吸収を検出した。使用した陽性対照は、モナストロール(Sigma、M8515−1mg)およびイスピネシブ(AdooQ Bioscience A10486)であった。用量−活性曲線の個々のデータは、8倍の測定値である。IC50値は、2つの独立した実験の平均である。100%対照は阻害剤で処理しなかった試料とした。
以下の表2は、記載されるアッセイからの代表的な実施例のIC50値を列挙し、対応する細胞傷害性データ(MTTアッセイ)を要約している:
内在化は、抗体薬物コンジュゲート(ADC)を介した抗原発現がん細胞における細胞傷害性ペイロードの特異的かつ効率的な提供を可能にする重要な過程である。この過程を、特異的抗体の蛍光標識およびアイソタイプ対照抗体を介して監視する。まず、蛍光色素を抗体のリジンにコンジュゲートした。コンジュゲーションは、2倍モル過剰のCypHer 5EモノNHSエステル(バッチ357392、GE Healthcare)を用いてpH8.3で行った。カップリング後、反応混合物をゲルクロマトグラフィー(Zeba Spin Desalting Columns、40K、Thermo Scientific、番号87768;溶出緩衝液:ダルベッコPBS、Sigma−Aldrich、番号D8537)によって精製して、過剰の色素を除去し、pHを調整した。タンパク質溶液をVIVASPIN 500カラム(Sartorius stedim biotec)を用いて濃縮した。抗体の色素搭載量を、分光光度分析(NanoDrop製)およびその後の計算(D/P=A色素εタンパク質:(A280−0.16A色素)ε色素)によって決定した。
蛍光色素のカップリングを、C−2節に記載されるように行った。調査する抗原を造血懸濁細胞によって発現させる;結果として、内在化をFACSベースの内在化アッセイで調査した。
リンカーのおかげで、抗体−薬物コンジュゲートの活性代謝産物がリソソーム分解によって産生される。したがって、内在化が起こった後の細胞内輸送は本質的に重要である。リソソームオルガネラに特異的な標識(例えば、表面分子または小型GTPアーゼ)を用いた抗体の共局在化に関する研究により、所望のプロファイルを有する抗体の選択が可能になる。この目的のために、全量100μlの標的陽性細胞(5×104/ウェル)を96−MTP(Greiner bio−one、CELLSTAR、650 180、U底)に播種した。CypHer5E標識抗標的抗体(最終濃度20μg/ml)を添加した後、バッチ(1時点あたり複製)をインキュベーター(5%CO2)内で37℃で30分間、2時間および6時間インキュベートした。選択されたインキュベーション時間の終了の30分前に、リソソーム特異的標識を試験するバッチに添加した。CytoPainter LysoGreen指示薬(最終濃度1:2000;abcam、ab176826)を用いて、リソソームを染色した。インキュベーション後、氷冷FACS緩衝液200μl(ダルベッコPBS、Sigma−Aldrich、番号D8537+3%FBS熱不活性化FBS、Gibco、番号10500−064)を添加し、細胞懸濁液を400×gおよび4℃で5分間遠心分離した。細胞ペレットを氷冷FACS緩衝液300μlに再懸濁し、再度遠心分離した(4分間、4℃で400×g)。遠心分離後、上清を捨て、細胞ペレットを氷冷FACS緩衝液30μlに溶解した。次いで、試料を直ちにFACS/画像分析(FlowSight amnis、Millipore)に供した。特別なソフトウェア(共局在ソフトウェアIDEAS Application v6.1)を用いて共局在を評価した。表3は、抗CD123抗体の例についてのこのアッセイからの結果を要約している。
Caco−2細胞を用いるフラックスアッセイでのインビトロ試験によって、物質の細胞透過性を調査することができる[M.D.TroutmanおよびD.R.Thakker、Pharm.Res.20(8)、1210〜1224(2003)]。この目的のために、細胞を24ウェルフィルタープレート上で15〜16日間培養した。透過性を測定するために、それぞれの試験物質をHEPES緩衝液中で細胞に頂端に(A)または基底に(B)適用し、2時間インキュベートした。0時間後および2時間後、試料をシスおよびトランス区画から採取した。試料を逆相カラムを用いてHPLC(Agilent 1200、Boblingen、ドイツ)によって分離した。HPLCシステムを、ターボイオンスプレーインターフェースを介してトリプル四重極質量分析計API 4000(AB SCIEX Deutschland GmbH、Darmstadt、ドイツ)に連結した。透過性を、Schwabら[D.Schwabら、J.Med.Chem.46、1716〜1725(2003)]によって公開された式を用いて計算したPapp値に基づいて評価した。Papp(B−A)とPapp(A−B)の比(流出比)が2超または0.5未満である場合、物質が能動的に輸送されたと分類した。
以下の表4は、このアッセイからの代表的な実施例についての透過性データを示す:
多くの腫瘍細胞は薬物のためにトランスポータータンパク質を発現し、これはしばしば細胞増殖抑制剤に対する耐性の発達を伴う。したがって、例えば、P−糖タンパク質(P−gp)またはBCRPなどの、このようなトランスポータータンパク質の基質ではない物質は、改善された活性プロファイルを示すことができるだろう。
方法の説明:
イムノコンジュゲート(immunoconjugate)による内在化試験を行って、細胞内で形成される代謝産物を分析した。この目的のために、ヒト肺腫瘍細胞NCI H292(3×105個/ウェル)を6ウェルプレートに播種し、一晩(37℃、5%CO2)インキュベートした。細胞を、10μg/ml(66nM)の試験するADCで処理した。内在化を、37℃および5%CO2で行った。細胞試料を種々の時点(0、4、24、48、72時間)でさらなる分析のために採取した。まず、上清(約5ml)を収穫し、遠心分離(2分間、室温、1000rpm、Heraeus Variofuge 3.0R)後、−80℃で保存した。細胞をPBSで洗浄し、Accutase(登録商標)で剥離し、細胞数を決定した。さらなる洗浄後、規定の数の細胞(2×105個)を溶解緩衝液100ml(Mammalian Cell Lysis Kit(Sigma MCL1))で処理し、連続振盪(Thermomixer、15分間、4℃、650rpm)しながら、Protein LoBindチューブ(Eppendorfカタログ番号0030 108.116)中でインキュベートした。インキュベーション後、溶解液を遠心分離し(10分間、4℃、12000g、Eppendorf 5415R)、上清を収穫した。得られた上清を−80℃で保存した。次いで、全ての試料を以下のように分析した。
潜在的代謝産物の定量のための分析
10mg/kgの本発明による様々なコンジュゲートを異種移植マウスに静脈内投与した後、これらのコンジュゲートの投与24時間後に生じる抗体および任意の代謝産物の血漿、腫瘍、肝臓、脾臓および腎臓濃度を測定することが可能である。異種移植モデルに関する方法のさらに詳細な説明は、C−6に見出すことができる。ここでは、本発明によるコンジュゲートの代謝産物の濃度のみを扱う。言及されるマトリックス中の代謝産物について測定された値はさらに、代謝産物の量が、腫瘍における量と比較して、血漿、腎臓、脾臓および肝臓においてどれほど顕著であるかを示す。
血漿、腫瘍、肝臓、脾臓および腎臓中の化合物の分析は、トリプル四重極質量分析計(MS)に連結された高圧液体クロマトグラフィー(HPLC)によって、一般的にメタノールによるタンパク質の沈殿後に行われる。
本発明によるコンジュゲートの活性を、例えば異種移植片モデルを用いてインビボで試験することができる。当業者であれば、本発明による化合物の活性を試験することを可能にする先行技術の方法に精通している(例えば、国際公開第2005/081711号パンフレット;Polsonら、Cancer Res.2009年3月15日;69(6):2358−64参照)。
腫瘍細胞(REC−1、MOLM−13またはMV−4−11)を雌NMRIヌードマウス(Janvier)の側腹部に皮下接種する。40〜50mm2の腫瘍サイズで、2〜3週間にわたって週に1回抗体−薬物コンジュゲートを用いて静脈内処置を行う。
Claims (11)
- nが2〜8を表す、請求項1に記載の式(I)の抗体−薬物コンジュゲート(ADC)。
- nが4〜8を表す、請求項1に記載の式(I)の抗体−薬物コンジュゲート(ADC)。
- AKが
(i)配列番号2によって示される重鎖の可変CDR1配列(H−CDR1)、配列番号3によって示される重鎖の可変CDR2配列(H−CDR2)および配列番号4によって示される重鎖の可変CDR3配列(H−CDR3)を含む重鎖の可変領域(VH)と配列番号6によって示される軽鎖の可変CDR1配列(L−CDR1)、配列番号7によって示される軽鎖の可変CDR2配列(L−CDR2)および配列番号8によって示される軽鎖の可変CDR3配列(L−CDR3)を含む軽鎖の可変領域(VL)を含む抗CD123抗体を表す、
(ii)配列番号12によって示される重鎖の可変CDR1配列(H−CDR1)、配列番号13によって示される重鎖の可変CDR2配列(H−CDR2)および配列番号14によって示される重鎖の可変CDR3配列(H−CDR3)を含む重鎖の可変領域(VH)と配列番号16によって示される軽鎖の可変CDR1配列(L−CDR1)、配列番号17によって示される軽鎖の可変CDR2配列(L−CDR2)および配列番号18によって示される軽鎖の可変CDR3配列(L−CDR3)を含む軽鎖の可変領域(VL)を含む抗CD123抗体を表す、
(iii)配列番号22によって示される重鎖の可変CDR1配列(H−CDR1)、配列番号23によって示される重鎖の可変CDR2配列(H−CDR2)および配列番号24によって示される重鎖の可変CDR3配列(H−CDR3)を含む重鎖の可変領域(VH)と配列番号26によって示される軽鎖の可変CDR1配列(L−CDR1)、配列番号27によって示される軽鎖の可変CDR2配列(L−CDR2)および配列番号28によって示される軽鎖の可変CDR3配列(L−CDR3)を含む軽鎖の可変領域(VL)を含む抗CXCR5抗体を表す、
(iv)配列番号32によって示される重鎖の可変CDR1配列(H−CDR1)、配列番号33によって示される重鎖の可変CDR2配列(H−CDR2)および配列番号34によって示される重鎖の可変CDR3配列(H−CDR3)を含む重鎖の可変領域(VH)と配列番号36によって示される軽鎖の可変CDR1配列(L−CDR1)、配列番号37によって示される軽鎖の可変CDR2配列(L−CDR2)および配列番号38によって示される軽鎖の可変CDR3配列(L−CDR3)を含む軽鎖の可変領域(VL)を含む抗CD123抗体を表す、
(v)配列番号42によって示される重鎖の可変CDR1配列(H−CDR1)、配列番号43によって示される重鎖の可変CDR2配列(H−CDR2)および配列番号44によって示される重鎖の可変CDR3配列(H−CDR3)を含む重鎖の可変領域(VH)と配列番号46によって示される軽鎖の可変CDR1配列(L−CDR1)、配列番号47によって示される軽鎖の可変CDR2配列(L−CDR2)および配列番号48によって示される軽鎖の可変CDR3配列(L−CDR3)を含む軽鎖の可変領域(VL)を含む抗CXCR5抗体を表す、もしくは
(vi)配列番号52によって示される重鎖の可変CDR1配列(H−CDR1)、配列番号53によって示される重鎖の可変CDR2配列(H−CDR2)および配列番号54によって示される重鎖の可変CDR3配列(H−CDR3)を含む重鎖の可変領域(VH)と配列番号56によって示される軽鎖の可変CDR1配列(L−CDR1)、配列番号57によって示される軽鎖の可変CDR2配列(L−CDR2)および配列番号58によって示される軽鎖の可変CDR3配列(L−CDR3)を含む軽鎖の可変領域(VL)を含む抗CXCR5抗体を表す、
または、これらの抗体の抗原結合フラグメントを表す、
請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の抗体−薬物コンジュゲート(ADC)。 - AKが
(i)配列番号1に示される重鎖の可変領域(VH)および配列番号5に示される軽鎖の可変領域(VL)を含む抗CD123抗体を表す、
(ii)配列番号11に示される重鎖の可変領域(VH)および配列番号15に示される軽鎖の可変領域(VL)を含む抗CD123抗体を表す、
(iii)配列番号21に示される重鎖の可変領域(VH)および配列番号25に示される軽鎖の可変領域(VL)を含む抗CXCR5抗体を表す、
(iv)配列番号31に示される重鎖の可変領域(VH)および配列番号35に示される軽鎖の可変領域(VL)を含む抗CD123抗体を表す、
(v)配列番号41に示される重鎖の可変領域(VH)および配列番号45に示される軽鎖の可変領域(VL)を含む抗CXCR5抗体を表す、もしくは
(vi)配列番号51に示される重鎖の可変領域(VH)および配列番号55に示される軽鎖の可変領域(VL)を含む抗CXCR5抗体を表す、
または、これらの抗体の抗原結合フラグメントを表す、
請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の抗体−薬物コンジュゲート(ADC)。 - AKが
(i)配列番号9に示される重鎖の領域および配列番号10に示される軽鎖の領域を含む抗CD123抗体を表す、
(ii)配列番号19に示される重鎖の領域および配列番号20に示される軽鎖の領域を含む抗CD123抗体を表す、
(iii)配列番号29に示される重鎖の領域および配列番号30に示される軽鎖の領域を含む抗CXCR5抗体を表す、
(iv)配列番号39に示される重鎖の領域および配列番号40に示される軽鎖の領域を含む抗CD123抗体を表す、
(v)配列番号49に示される重鎖の領域および配列番号50に示される軽鎖の領域を含む抗CXCR5抗体を表す、もしくは
(vi)配列番号59に示される重鎖の領域および配列番号60に示される軽鎖の領域を含む抗CXCR5抗体を表す、
または、これらの抗体の抗原結合フラグメントを表す、
請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の抗体−薬物コンジュゲート(ADC)。 - 不活性で、非毒性の薬学的に適した補助剤と組み合わせて少なくとも1種の請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の抗体−薬物コンジュゲート(ADC)を含む医薬組成物。
- 疾患を治療および/または予防する方法に使用するための、請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の抗体−薬物コンジュゲート(ADC)。
- 過剰増殖性および/または血管新生障害を治療する方法に使用するための、請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載の抗体−薬物コンジュゲート(ADC)。
- がんおよび腫瘍を治療する方法に使用するための、請求項1から9のいずれか一項に記載の抗体−薬物コンジュゲート(ADC)。
- がん免疫療法の1つもしくは複数の治療アプローチ、または、がん免疫療法の分子標的に対する1つもしくは複数の活性化合物と組み合わせて、がんおよび腫瘍を治療する方法に使用するための、請求項1から10のいずれか一項に記載の抗体−薬物コンジュゲート(ADC)。
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- 2017-12-18 JP JP2019533393A patent/JP7030811B2/ja active Active
- 2017-12-18 EP EP17837872.5A patent/EP3558387B1/de active Active
- 2017-12-18 US US16/472,682 patent/US11433140B2/en active Active
- 2017-12-18 CA CA3047522A patent/CA3047522A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2017-12-18 CN CN201780079147.6A patent/CN110072556B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2017-12-19 TW TW106144532A patent/TW201834694A/zh unknown
- 2017-12-21 AR ARP170103617A patent/AR110567A1/es unknown
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2022
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US20190365916A1 (en) | 2019-12-05 |
TW201834694A (zh) | 2018-10-01 |
EP3558387B1 (de) | 2021-10-20 |
US20220362392A1 (en) | 2022-11-17 |
WO2018114804A1 (de) | 2018-06-28 |
JP7030811B2 (ja) | 2022-03-07 |
EP3558387A1 (de) | 2019-10-30 |
CN110072556B (zh) | 2023-05-02 |
US11433140B2 (en) | 2022-09-06 |
AR110567A1 (es) | 2019-04-10 |
CN110072556A (zh) | 2019-07-30 |
CA3047522A1 (en) | 2018-06-28 |
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