JP2020161658A - フェライト焼結磁石及びこれを備える回転電気機械 - Google Patents
フェライト焼結磁石及びこれを備える回転電気機械 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2020161658A JP2020161658A JP2019059939A JP2019059939A JP2020161658A JP 2020161658 A JP2020161658 A JP 2020161658A JP 2019059939 A JP2019059939 A JP 2019059939A JP 2019059939 A JP2019059939 A JP 2019059939A JP 2020161658 A JP2020161658 A JP 2020161658A
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- sintered magnet
- ferrite sintered
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- ferrite
- Prior art date
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- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 134
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 77
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- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 3
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- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N D-gluconic acid Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-M D-gluconate Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-gluconic acid Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052693 Europium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052689 Holmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052765 Lutetium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018663 Mn O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052771 Terbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052775 Thulium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910007541 Zn O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(II) oxide Inorganic materials [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002612 dispersion medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004993 emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940050410 gluconate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000012208 gluconic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000174 gluconic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011019 hematite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052595 hematite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000700 radioactive tracer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005368 silicate glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc oxide Inorganic materials [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
Bの含有量が、B2O3換算で、0.005〜0.9質量%であり、
Znの含有量が、ZnO換算で、0.01〜1.2質量%であり、
Laの原子濃度を[La]、Coの原子濃度を[Co]、Znの原子濃度を[Zn]と表したときに、[La]/[Zn]≦0.79、及び、[Co]/[Zn]≦0.67を満たす。
11.3≦[Fe]/[Sr]≦13.1を満たすことができる。
Fe、Mn、Zn、Co、Cr、及び、Alの合計原子濃度を[Fe+Mn+Zn+Co+Cr+Al]、
Si、及び、Bの合計原子濃度を[Si+B]、及び、
Z=([Ca+Sr+Ba+La]−[Fe+Mn+Zn+Co+Cr+Al]/12)/[Si+B]と表したときに、
0.4≦Z≦3.6を満たすことができる。
本発明の実施形態に係るフェライト焼結磁石は、Fe、Sr、B、Zn、La、Coを少なくとも含む酸化物である。
フェライト焼結磁石におけるFeの含有量は、Fe2O3換算で、好ましくは80〜95質量%であり、より好ましくは87〜90質量%である。上記範囲とすることにより良好な磁気特性が得られる。
この程度の少量のLa及びCoを含むことで、コストをあまり上げずに高い磁気特性を実現できる。
Fe、Mn、Zn、Co、Cr、及び、Alの合計原子濃度を[Fe+Mn+Zn+Co+Cr+Al]、
Si、及び、Bの合計原子濃度を[Si+B]、及び、
Z=([Ca+Sr+Ba+La]−[Fe+Mn+Zn+Co+Cr+Al]/12)/[Si+B]と表したときに、
0.4≦Z≦3.6を満たすことができる。
SrFe12O19 (2)
上式(2)のM型SrフェライトにおけるAサイトのSr及びBサイトのFeは、他の元素によって、その一部が置換されていてもよい。
Sr1−zRz(Fe12−xMx)yO19 (3)
続いて、図2に本発明の一実施形態に係るモータを示す。モータ200は、ステータ31と、ロータ32と、を備える。ロータ32は、シャフト36及びロータコア37を有する。本実施形態のモータ200では、ステータ31に永久磁石であるC字型のフェライト焼結磁石100が設けられ、ロータ32のロータコア37に電磁石(コイル)が設けられている。
次に、フェライト焼結磁石の製造方法の一例を説明する。フェライト焼結磁石の製造方法は、配合工程、仮焼工程、粉砕工程、磁場中成形工程及び焼成工程を有する。以下、各工程の詳細を説明する。
Srを含む粉末の例は、SrCO3、SrOである。
Coを含む粉末の例は、CoO、Co3O4である。
Laを含む粉末の例は、La2O3、La(OH)3である。
Siを含む粉末の例は、SiO2である。
Caを含む粉末の例は、CaCO3、CaOである。
Znを含む粉末の例は、ZnOである。
Bを含む粉末の例は、B2O3、H3BO3である。
なお、最終製品となるフェライト焼結磁石中に含有されてもよいCr、Mn、Al、Baなどの少量添加元素は、上記の粉末中にあらかじめ含まれることができる。上記粉末においてこれらの少量添加元素が少ない場合には、必要に応じて、Crを含む粉末(Cr2O3)、Mnを含む粉末(MnO),Alを含む粉末(Al2O3)、Baを含む粉末(BaO)などを配合工程に添加して、仮焼用の混合粉末を得ることが出来る。
まず、以下の出発原料を準備した。
・Fe2O3粉末(一次粒子径:0.3μm)
・SrCO3粉末(一次粒子径:2μm)
・SiO2粉末(一次粒子径:0.01μm)
・CaCO3粉末
・ZnO粉末
・B2O3粉末
・Co3O4粉末
・La2O3粉末
Fe2O3粉末1000g、SrCO3粉末161g、CaCO3粉末12.1g、SiO2粉末4.33g、ZnO粉末3.5g、Co3O4粉末0.04g、La2O3粉末0.25g、及び、B2O3粉末1.95gを、湿式アトライタを用いて粉砕しながら混合し、乾燥及び整粒を行った。このようにして得られた粉末を、大気中、1250℃で1時間焼成し、顆粒状の仮焼物を得た。乾式振動ロッドミルを用いて、この仮焼物を粗粉砕して、BET法による比表面積が1m2/gの粉末を調製した。
B2O3粉末の添加量を変える以外は実施例1と同様にして、実施例2〜10、及び、比較例1、2の磁石を得た。
ZnO粉末の添加量、及び、Co3O4粉末及びLa2O3粉末の添加量を変える以外は実施例5と同様にして、実施例11〜18、及び、比較例3、4の磁石を得た。
SiO2粉末の添加量、及び、Co3O4粉末及びLa2O3粉末の添加量を変える以外は実施例5と同様にして、実施例21〜29の磁石を得た。
CaO粉末の添加量、及び、Co3O4粉末及びLa2O3粉末の添加量を変える以外は実施例5と同様にして、実施例31〜38の磁石を得た。
Fe2O3粉末とSrCO3粉末との添加比率を変え、Co3O4粉末及びLa2O3粉末の添加量を変える以外は実施例5と同様にして、実施例41〜49の磁石を得た。
Cr含有量の少ない原料銘柄を選択することによりCrの添加量を減らす以外は実施例5と同様として、実施例51の磁石を得た。Cr2O3粉末の添加により、Crの添加量を増やす以外は、実施例5と同様として、実施例52の磁石を得た。
Mn含有量の少ない原料銘柄を選択することによりMnの添加量を減らす以外は実施例5と同様として、実施例53の磁石を得た。MnO粉末の添加により、Mnの添加量を増やす以外は、実施例5と同様として、実施例54の磁石を得た。
<組成分析>
作製した各実施例及び各比較例のフェライト焼結磁石の組成を誘導結合プラズマ発光分光分析(ICP分析)によって測定した。フェライト焼結磁石は、Fe,Sr,Co,La、Si,Ca、Zn、B等の他に、出発原料に含まれる不純物に由来する元素(Ba、Al,Mn,Cr等)が検出された。
作製した円柱形状のフェライト焼結磁石の上下面を加工した後、最大印加磁場25kOeのB−Hトレーサを用いて20℃での磁気特性を測定した。測定では、残留磁束密度(Br)及び保磁力(HcJ)を求めるとともに、残留磁束密度(Br)の90%になるときの外部磁界強度(Hk)を測定し、これに基づいて角型比(Hk/HcJ)(%)を求めた。各実施例及び比較例において、焼成温度1180℃、1195℃及び1210℃でそれぞれ作製したフェライト焼結磁石のうち、最も残留磁束密度(Br)と角型比(Hk/HcJ)のバランスの良い1195℃で作製したフェライト焼結磁石の磁気特性を表1および2に示す。
Claims (9)
- 六方晶構造を有するM型Srフェライトを主相として含むフェライト焼結磁石であって、
La及びCoを含み、
Bの含有量が、B2O3換算で、0.005〜0.9質量%であり、
Znの含有量が、ZnO換算で、0.01〜1.2質量%であり、
Laの原子濃度を[La]、Coの原子濃度を[Co]、Znの原子濃度を[Zn]と表したときに、[La]/[Zn]≦0.79、及び、[Co]/[Zn]≦0.67を満たす、フェライト焼結磁石。 - Siの含有量が、SiO2換算で、0.05〜1.3質量%である、請求項1に記載のフェライト焼結磁石。
- Caの含有量が、CaO換算で、0.15〜2.0質量%である、請求項1または2に記載のフェライト焼結磁石。
- Feの原子濃度を[Fe]、Srの原子濃度を[Sr]と表したときに、
11.3≦[Fe]/[Sr]≦13.1を満たす、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載のフェライト焼結磁石。 - B、Ca、及び、Znの合計原子濃度を[B+Ca+Zn]、Siの原子濃度を[Si]と表したときに、
0.92≦[B+Ca+Zn]/[Si]≦11.42を満たす、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載のフェライト焼結磁石。 - Ca、Sr、Ba、及び、Laの合計原子濃度を[Ca+Sr+Ba+La]、
Fe、Mn、Zn、Co、Cr、及び、Alの合計原子濃度を[Fe+Mn+Zn+Co+Cr+Al]、
Si、及び、Bの合計原子濃度を[Si+B]、及び、
Z=([Ca+Sr+Ba+La]−[Fe+Mn+Zn+Co+Cr+Al]/12)/[Si+B]と表したときに、
0.4≦Z≦3.6を満たす、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載のフェライト焼結磁石。 - MnをMnO換算で0.25〜1.5質量%含有する、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載のフェライト焼結磁石。
- CrをCr2O3換算で0.03〜0.2質量%含有する、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載のフェライト焼結磁石。
- 請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載のフェライト焼結磁石を備える回転電気機械。
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