JP2020161656A - フェライト焼結磁石、フェライト粒子、ボンド磁石、及び、回転電気機械 - Google Patents
フェライト焼結磁石、フェライト粒子、ボンド磁石、及び、回転電気機械 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2020161656A JP2020161656A JP2019059934A JP2019059934A JP2020161656A JP 2020161656 A JP2020161656 A JP 2020161656A JP 2019059934 A JP2019059934 A JP 2019059934A JP 2019059934 A JP2019059934 A JP 2019059934A JP 2020161656 A JP2020161656 A JP 2020161656A
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- ferrite
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- ferrite sintered
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/10—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials non-metallic substances, e.g. ferrites, e.g. [(Ba,Sr)O(Fe2O3)6] ferrites with hexagonal structure
- H01F1/11—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials non-metallic substances, e.g. ferrites, e.g. [(Ba,Sr)O(Fe2O3)6] ferrites with hexagonal structure in the form of particles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/10—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials non-metallic substances, e.g. ferrites, e.g. [(Ba,Sr)O(Fe2O3)6] ferrites with hexagonal structure
- H01F1/11—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials non-metallic substances, e.g. ferrites, e.g. [(Ba,Sr)O(Fe2O3)6] ferrites with hexagonal structure in the form of particles
- H01F1/113—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials non-metallic substances, e.g. ferrites, e.g. [(Ba,Sr)O(Fe2O3)6] ferrites with hexagonal structure in the form of particles in a bonding agent
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- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
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- C01G51/40—Complex oxides containing cobalt and at least one other metal element
- C01G51/66—Complex oxides containing cobalt and at least one other metal element containing alkaline earth metals, e.g. SrCoO3
- C01G51/68—Complex oxides containing cobalt and at least one other metal element containing alkaline earth metals, e.g. SrCoO3 containing rare earths, e.g. (La0.3Sr0.7)CoO3
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- C04B35/26—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on ferrites
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- C04B35/2633—Compositions containing one or more ferrites of the group comprising manganese, zinc, nickel, copper or cobalt and one or more ferrites of the group comprising rare earth metals, alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or lead containing barium, strontium or calcium
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
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- C04B35/26—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on ferrites
- C04B35/2641—Compositions containing one or more ferrites of the group comprising rare earth metals and one or more ferrites of the group comprising alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or lead
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
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Abstract
Description
元素R、元素M、Fe、Co、B、Mn、及び、Cr、を含み、
元素Rは、Yを含む希土類元素から選ばれる少なくとも一種の元素であり、
元素Mは、Ca,Sr,および、Baからなる群から選択される少なくとも一つの元素であり、かつ、Caを必ず含み、
金属元素の原子組成をR1−xMxFem−yCoyと表した時に、
x、y及びmは、下記式(1)、(2)及び(3)を満たし、
0.2≦x≦0.8 (1)
0.1≦y≦0.65 (2)
3≦m<14 (3)
Bの含有量がB2O3換算で0.1〜0.4質量%であり、
Mnの含有量がMnO換算で0.15〜1.02質量%であり、
Crの含有量がCr2O3換算で0.02〜2.01質量%であるフェライト焼結磁石を提供する。
0.2≦x<0.55 (4)
7.5<m<14 (5)
元素R、元素M、Fe、Co、B、Mn、及び、Cr、を含み、
元素Rは、Yを含む希土類元素から選ばれる少なくとも一種の元素であり、
元素Mは、Ca,Sr,および、Baからなる群から選択される少なくとも一つの元素であり、かつ、Caを必ず含み、
金属元素の原子組成をR1−xMxFem−yCoyと表した時に、
x、y及びmは、下記式(1)、(2)及び(3)を満たし、
0.2≦x≦0.8 (1)
0.1≦y≦0.65 (2)
3≦m<14 (3)
Bの含有量がB2O3換算で0.1〜0.4質量%であり、
Mnの含有量がMnO換算で0.15〜1.02質量%であり、
Crの含有量がCr2O3換算で0.02〜2.01質量%であるフェライト粒子を提供する。
0.2≦x<0.55 (4)
7.5<m<14 (5)
元素Rは、Yを含む希土類元素から選ばれる少なくとも一種の元素である。
元素Mは、Ca,Sr,および、Baからなる群から選択される少なくとも一つの元素であり、かつ、Caを必ず含む。
フェライト焼結磁石及びフェライト粒子における金属元素の原子組成をR1−xMxFem−yCoy(以下、一般式(I)と呼ぶことがある)と表した時に、x、y及びmは、下記式(1)、(2)及び(3)を満たす。
0.2≦x≦0.8 (1)
0.1≦y≦0.65 (2)
3≦m<14 (3)
フェライト焼結磁石及びフェライト粒子中のBの含有量は、B2O3換算で0.1〜0.4質量%であり、Mnの含有量はMnO換算で0.15〜1.02質量%であり、Crの含有量はCr2O3換算で0.02〜2.01質量%である。
0.2≦x<0.55 (4)
7.5<m<14 (5)
上記式(4)及び(5)を満たすことによって、保磁力に一層優れるフェライト焼結磁石とすることができる。
R1−x1−x2Cax1Ex2Fem−yCoy (II)
0.1≦x1≦0.80 (6)
0≦x2<0.5 (7)
0.1≦y≦0.65 (8)
3≦m<14 (9)
0.2≦x1+x2<0.55 (10)
7.5<m<14 (11)
上記式(10)及び(11)を満たすことによって、保磁力に一層優れるフェライト焼結磁石とすることができる。
MX12O19 (III)
Mは、Caを必ず含み、Sr及び/又はBaを含んでもよい。MはRを含んでもよい。XはFe及びCoを必ず含み、Mn及び/又はCrを含んでもよい。Xは、さらに、Zn及び/又はAlを含んでもよい。XはRを含んでもよい。
次に、ボンド磁石の実施形態を以下に説明する。
本実施形態のボンド磁石は、上記のフェライト粒子と樹脂とを含む。樹脂の例は、エポキシ樹脂、フェノール樹脂、多芳香族環を有する樹脂、トリアジン環を有する樹脂(トリアジン樹脂)等の熱硬化性樹脂;スチレン系、オレフィン系、ウレタン系、ポリエステル系、ナイロン等のポリアミド系のエラストマー、アイオノマー、エチレンプロピレン共重合体(EPM)、エチレン−エチルアクリレート共重合体等の熱可塑性樹脂である。
続いて、図2に本発明の一実施形態に係るモータ200を示す。モータ200は、ステータ31と、ロータ32と、を備える。ロータ32は、シャフト36及びロータコア37を有する。本実施形態のモータ200では、ステータ31に永久磁石であるC字型のフェライト焼結磁石又はボンド磁石100が設けられ、ロータ32のロータコア37に電磁石(コイル)が設けられている。
本実施形態によれば、保磁力及び残留磁束密度が高く維持されつつ、保磁力及び残留磁束密度の焼成温度依存性が低くなる。従って、得られるフェライト焼結磁石及びフェライト粒子の保磁力及び残留磁束密度のバラツキを少なくすることが容易である。
この理由は明らかでは無いが、フェライト焼結磁石が、Bに加えて、Cr及びMnを所定の範囲含んでいるので、BサイトのFeがCr及びMnで置換されることでフェライトの粒成長が抑制されることがひとつの原因と考えられる。
次に、フェライト粒子、フェライト焼結磁石及びボンド磁石の製造方法の一例を説明する。以下に説明する製造方法は、配合工程、仮焼工程、粉砕工程、成形工程及び焼成工程を含む。各工程の詳細を以下に説明する。
Coを含む粉末の例は、CoO、及び、Co3O4である。
Caを含む粉末の例は、CaCO3、及び、CaOである。
Srを含む粉末の例は、SrCO3、及び、SrOである。
Rを含む粉末の例は、La(OH)3である。
Bを含む粉末の例は、B2O3、及び、H3BO3である。
Mnを含む粉末の例は、MnOである。
Crを含む粉末の例は、Cr2O3である。
(製造例1〜8及び比較例1〜6)
原材料として、酸化鉄(Fe2O3)、炭酸カルシウム(CaCO3)、酸化コバルト(Co3O4)、水酸化ランタン(La(OH)3)を準備した。これらの原材料を、一般式(I)及び(II)の組成が、表1のとおりになるように配合した。このようにして得られた配合物に対して酸化ホウ素(B2O3)、酸化マンガン(MnO)、及び、(酸化クロム(Cr2O3)を所定量添加し、湿式アトライタを用いて10分間の混合及び粉砕を行ってスラリーを得た(配合工程)。各実施例及び比較例では、互いに異なる組成を有するフェライト焼結磁石が得られるように、表1に示すとおりに各原材料の配合比を変更した。
<磁気特性の評価>
フェライト焼結磁石の上下面を加工した後、最大印加磁場29kOeのB−Hトレーサを用いて、20℃における磁気特性を測定した。これによって、残留磁束密度[Br]及び保磁力[HcJ]を求めた。1180℃の焼結温度でのBr及びHcJ、及び、1170℃の焼成温度及び1190℃の焼成温度のうちの最も特性が悪い方と、1180℃の焼結温度との残留磁束密度の差ΔBr及び保磁力の差ΔHcjを表1に示す。
フェライト焼結磁石におけるB、Mn、及び、Crの含有量を以下の手順で測定した。フェライト焼結磁石の試料0.1gを、過酸化ナトリウム1g及び炭酸ナトリウム1gと混合して加熱し融解した。融解物を、純水40ml及び塩酸10mlの溶液に溶解した後、純水を加えて100mlの溶液とした。この溶液を用いて、ICP発光分光分析(ICP−AES)によってホウ素のB2O3換算の含有量、MnのMnO換算の含有量、及び、CrのCr2O3換算の含有量を求めた。ICP発光分光分析には島津製作所製の分析装置(装置名:ICPS 8100CL)を用い、測定にあたってはマトリックスマッチングを行った。
Fe,Co,La,Ca,Srの原子比も同様にして算出した。これらの結果を表1に示す。
なお、各実施例におけるケイ素のSiO2換算の含有量は、0.2質量%であった。
Claims (7)
- マグネトプランバイト型の結晶構造を有するフェライト相を有するフェライト焼結磁石であって、
元素R、元素M、Fe、Co、B、Mn、及び、Crを含み、
元素Rは、Yを含む希土類元素から選ばれる少なくとも一種の元素であり、
元素Mは、Ca、Sr、及び、Baからなる群から選択される少なくとも一つの元素であり、かつ、Caを必ず含み、
金属元素の原子組成をR1−xMxFem−yCoyと表した時に、
x、y、及び、mは、下記式(1)、(2)及び(3)を満たし、
0.2≦x≦0.8 (1)
0.1≦y≦0.65 (2)
3≦m<14 (3)
Bの含有量がB2O3換算で0.1〜0.4質量%であり、
Mnの含有量がMnO換算で0.15〜1.02質量%であり、
Crの含有量がCr2O3換算で0.02〜2.01質量%であるフェライト焼結磁石。 - 下記式(4)及び(5)を満たす、請求項1に記載のフェライト焼結磁石。
0.2≦x<0.55 (4)
7.5<m<14 (5) - 請求項1又は2に記載のフェライト焼結磁石を備える回転電気機械。
- マグネトプランバイト型の結晶構造を有するフェライト相を有するフェライト粒子であって、
元素R、元素M、Fe、Co、B、Mn、及び、Crを含み、
元素Rは、Yを含む希土類元素から選ばれる少なくとも一種の元素であり、
元素Mは、Ca、Sr、及び、Baからなる群から選択される少なくとも一つの元素であり、かつ、Caを必ず含み、
金属元素の原子組成をR1−xMxFem−yCoyと表した時に、
x、y、及び、mは、下記式(1)、(2)及び(3)を満たし、
0.2≦x≦0.8 (1)
0.1≦y≦0.65 (2)
3≦m<14 (3)
Bの含有量がB2O3換算で0.1〜0.4質量%であり、
Mnの含有量がMnO換算で0.15〜1.02質量%であり、
Crの含有量がCr2O3換算で0.02〜2.01質量%であるフェライト粒子。 - 下記式(4)及び(5)を満たす、請求項4に記載のフェライト粒子。
0.2≦x<0.55 (4)
7.5<m<14 (5) - 請求項4又は5に記載のフェライト粒子を含むボンド磁石。
- 請求項6に記載のボンド磁石を備える回転電気機械。
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CN1658340A (zh) * | 1998-06-25 | 2005-08-24 | Tdk株式会社 | 六角型铁氧体磁体 |
CN100472675C (zh) * | 2001-01-26 | 2009-03-25 | Tdk株式会社 | 干式成型烧结磁体的制造方法 |
JP4952957B2 (ja) | 2006-03-10 | 2012-06-13 | 日立金属株式会社 | 回転機、ボンド磁石、マグネットロール、及びフェライト焼結磁石の製造方法 |
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DE112017006521T5 (de) | 2016-12-22 | 2019-09-26 | Tdk Corporation | Ferrit-sintermagnet, ferritpartikel, verbundmagnet, motor und generator |
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JPH11154604A (ja) * | 1997-02-25 | 1999-06-08 | Tdk Corp | 焼結磁石およびモータ |
JP2000156310A (ja) * | 1998-06-25 | 2000-06-06 | Tdk Corp | 六方晶フェライト磁石 |
JP2001110618A (ja) * | 1999-10-06 | 2001-04-20 | Tdk Corp | フェライト磁石の製造方法 |
JP2009001476A (ja) * | 2007-03-28 | 2009-01-08 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | フェライト焼結磁石及びその製造方法、並びにそれを用いたマグネットロール及び非可逆回路素子 |
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