JP2020043054A - 固形状マグネシウムイオン伝導体、および、それを用いた二次電池 - Google Patents
固形状マグネシウムイオン伝導体、および、それを用いた二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2020043054A JP2020043054A JP2019114784A JP2019114784A JP2020043054A JP 2020043054 A JP2020043054 A JP 2020043054A JP 2019114784 A JP2019114784 A JP 2019114784A JP 2019114784 A JP2019114784 A JP 2019114784A JP 2020043054 A JP2020043054 A JP 2020043054A
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- Prior art keywords
- magnesium
- ion conductor
- magnesium ion
- ionic liquid
- tfsi
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
- JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium ion Chemical compound [Mg+2] JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
- 239000010416 ion conductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 114
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- -1 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ion Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 32
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- MPCRDALPQLDDFX-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium perchlorate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O.[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O MPCRDALPQLDDFX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- BZQRBEVTLZHKEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F.[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F BZQRBEVTLZHKEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- QWDJLDTYWNBUKE-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].OC([O-])=O.OC([O-])=O QWDJLDTYWNBUKE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 85
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 28
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 19
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 17
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 11
- ARXJGSRGQADJSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methoxypropan-2-ol Chemical compound COCC(C)O ARXJGSRGQADJSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000011240 wet gel Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 7
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910020366 ClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000738 capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002484 cyclic voltammetry Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910018557 Si O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004998 X ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 3
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Inorganic materials [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910016467 AlCl 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910017008 AsF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910018286 SbF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005234 chemical deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N divanadium pentaoxide Chemical compound O=[V](=O)O[V](=O)=O GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002848 electrochemical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011532 electronic conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002253 near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 229940085991 phosphate ion Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000005289 physical deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical group [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000447 polyanionic polymer Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOCCCC DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical group [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical compound NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007818 Grignard reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- MQHWFIOJQSCFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium salicylate Chemical compound [Mg+2].OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O.OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O MQHWFIOJQSCFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Natural products CCC(C)C(C)=O UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017916 MgMn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017267 Mo 6 S 8 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003917 TEM image Methods 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical group [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010724 Wisteria floribunda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003377 acid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000000231 atomic layer deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- HSLXOARVFIWOQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide;1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidin-1-ium Chemical compound CCCC[N+]1(C)CCCC1.FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F HSLXOARVFIWOQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- INDFXCHYORWHLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide;1-butyl-3-methylimidazol-3-ium Chemical compound CCCCN1C=C[N+](C)=C1.FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F INDFXCHYORWHLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LRESCJAINPKJTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide;1-ethyl-3-methylimidazol-3-ium Chemical compound CCN1C=C[N+](C)=C1.FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F LRESCJAINPKJTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IEFUHGXOQSVRDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide;1-methyl-1-propylpiperidin-1-ium Chemical compound CCC[N+]1(C)CCCCC1.FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F IEFUHGXOQSVRDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CDWUIWLQQDTHRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide;1-methyl-3-propylimidazol-1-ium Chemical compound CCCN1C=C[N+](C)=C1.FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F CDWUIWLQQDTHRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- MKHFCTXNDRMIDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyanoiminomethylideneazanide;1-ethyl-3-methylimidazol-3-ium Chemical compound [N-]=C=NC#N.CCN1C=C[N+](C)=C1 MKHFCTXNDRMIDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 150000004795 grignard reagents Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021385 hard carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 229910003437 indium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[In+3].[In+3] PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- UEGPKNKPLBYCNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium acetate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O UEGPKNKPLBYCNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011654 magnesium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940069446 magnesium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000011285 magnesium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PJJZFXPJNUVBMR-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium benzoate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1.[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 PJJZFXPJNUVBMR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- CQQJGTPWCKCEOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dipropionate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCC([O-])=O.CCC([O-])=O CQQJGTPWCKCEOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940072082 magnesium salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- APLYTANMTDCWTA-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;phthalate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O APLYTANMTDCWTA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- SWVGZFQJXVPIKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-bis(methylamino)propan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCN(NC)NC SWVGZFQJXVPIKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011331 needle coke Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M perchlorate Chemical compound [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- LFQCEHFDDXELDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)OC LFQCEHFDDXELDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc indium(3+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[Zn++].[In+3] YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0561—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of inorganic materials only
- H01M10/0562—Solid materials
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- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
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- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
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Abstract
Description
本実施の形態に係る固形状(solid-like)マグネシウムイオン伝導体は、複数の孔を有する多孔質シリカと、それらの孔内に充填された電解質とを含む。このマグネシウムイオン伝導体は、固形状態を保持し、マグネシウムイオン伝導性を有する。
多孔質シリカ1は、二酸化ケイ素で構成され、複数の孔を有する。シリカは、例えば有機ポリマーに比べて、耐熱性が高く、機械的強度が高く、有機溶媒などの薬品に対する耐久性が高い。
電解質2は、マグネシウム塩と、イオン液体とを含む。電解質2は、マグネシウムイオン伝導性を有する。
マグネシウム塩は、無機マグネシウム塩であってもよく、有機マグネシウム塩であってもよい。
イオン液体は、例えば−95〜400℃の範囲内に融点を有する溶融塩である。
電解質2におけるイオン液体に対するマグネシウム塩のモル比は、特に限定されないが、例えば、0.03より大きく、かつ、0.17より小さくてもよく、さらに、0.04より大きく、かつ、0.10より小さくてもよい。これにより、電解質2内にマグネシウムイオンの量を確保しつつ、マグネシウムイオンとイオン液体のアニオンとの相互作用による大幅な粘度上昇を抑制することができ、これにより、イオン伝導度を向上させることができる。
多孔質シリカ1に対するイオン液体のモル比は、特に限定されないが、例えば、1.0より大きくてもよい。すなわち、イオン液体のモル数は、多孔質シリカ1のモル数よりも大きくてもよい。これにより、マグネシウムイオン伝導体10におけるマグネシウムイオン伝導性が充分に確保されうる。多孔質シリカ1に対するイオン液体のモル比は、さらに、1.5以上であってもよい。
本実施形態に係るマグネシウムイオン伝導体10は、例えば、ゾルゲル法によって作製されうる。この方法は、例えば、水、相溶化剤、アルコキシシラン、EMI+を含有するイオン液体、及び、マグネシウム塩を混合するステップと、アルコキシシランを縮重合させて湿潤ゲルを形成するステップと、湿潤ゲルを乾燥させるステップと、を含んでもよい。
[6−1.構造]
図2は、本実施形態に係る二次電池100の構成例を模式的に示す断面図である。
基板11は、絶縁性基板であってもよく、導電性基板であってもよい。基板11の例としては、ガラス基板、プラスチック基板、高分子フィルム、シリコン基板、金属板、金属箔シート、及びこれらを積層したものが挙げられる。基板11は、市販のものであってもよく、又は、公知の方法により製造されてもよい。
正極12は、例えば、正極活物質を含有する正極合剤層12aと、正極集電体12bとを含む。
マグネシウムイオン伝導体10は、例えば、上記で説明された材料と同様である。そのため、説明が省略される。
負極14は、例えば、負極活物質を含有する負極合剤層14aと、負極集電体14bとを含む。
正極集電体12b、負極集電体14b、正極活物質層12a、金属負極層14aは、例えば、物理堆積法又は化学堆積法によって形成することができる。物理堆積法の例としては、スパッタリング法、真空蒸着法、イオンプレーティング法、及びパルスレーザ堆積法が挙げられる。化学堆積法の例としては、原子層堆積法、化学気相蒸着(CVD)法、液相成膜法、ゾルゲル法、金属有機化合物分解法、スプレイ熱分解、ドクターブレイド法、スピンコート法、及び、印刷技術が挙げられる。CVD法の例としては、プラズマCVD法、熱CVD法、及びレーザCVD法が挙げられる。液相成膜法は、例えば湿式メッキであり、湿式メッキの例としては、電解メッキ、浸漬メッキ、及び無電解メッキが挙げられる。印刷技術の例としては、インクジェット法及びスクリーンプリンティングが挙げられる。
[7−1.第1の実験]
[7−1−1.サンプル1の作製]
以下に説明される手順により、マグネシウムイオン伝導体のサンプル1を作製した。
Mg(OTf)2の代わりにMg(ClO4)2を用いた点を除いて、サンプル1と同様の方法で、マグネシウムイオン伝導体のサンプル2を作製した。
交流インピーダンス法によって、サンプル1〜13のそれぞれのイオン伝導度を測定した。測定装置として、電気化学測定システム(バイオロジック社製;型番VMP−300)を用いた。交流電圧を50〜100mVとし、周波数範囲0.01Hz〜1MHzとした。測定は、相対湿度0.0005%、温度22〜23℃の環境下で行われた。
[7−2−1.サンプル14〜22の作製]
EMI−TFSI:Mg(OTf)2=1:0.021とした点を除いて、サンプル1と同様の方法で、マグネシウムイオン伝導体のサンプル14を作製した。
上記[7−1−3.イオン伝導度測定]に記載の方法と同様の方法で、サンプル1、及び、14〜22のそれぞれのイオン伝導度を測定した。また、Bruce PG, Vincent CA. Steady state current flow in solid binary electrolyte cells. J Electroanal Chem 225 (1987) 1-17.に記載の方法と同様の方法で、サンプル1、及び、14〜22のそれぞれにおけるマグネシウムイオンの輸率を測定した。その後、測定されたイオン伝導度にマグネシウムイオンの輸率を掛け合わせて、マグネシウムイオン伝導度を算出した。
[7−3−1.電池セルの作製]
以下に説明される手順により、マグネシウムイオン伝導体のサンプル15を固体電解質とする電池セルを作製した。電池セルの作製は、相対湿度が0.0005%以下のグローブボックス内で行った。
作製した電池セルに対して、サイクリックボルタンメトリ測定を行った。測定には、上述の電気化学測定システムを用いた。電圧範囲は1.0〜3.2V(vsMg2+/Mg)とし、スキャンレートは0.1mV/sとした。
作製した電池セルを放電する前と、0.1Cの放電レートで放電した後とにおける、V2O5膜におけるバナジウムの電子状態を、X線吸収端近傍構造(XANES)分析を用いて調べた。測定には、SPring‐8のビームラインBL16XUを用いた。
比較のため、多孔質シリカを含まない、すなわち、電解質のみからなるマグネシウムイオン伝導体のサンプル23を作製した。具体的には、原料として、EMI−TFSI、及び、Mg(OTf)2を用意した。EMI−TFSIとMg(OTf)2のモル比は、EMI−TFSI:Mg(OTf)2=1:0.083であった。これらの原料をガラス製のバイアル瓶に入れて混合し、混合液を作成した。しかし、混合液において、Mg(OTf)2は完全に溶け切らず、加熱及び撹拌をしても一部が溶け残った。
2 電解質
10 マグネシウムイオン伝導体
11 基板
12 正極
12a 正極合剤層、正極活物質層
12b 正極集電体
14 負極
14a 負極合剤層、金属負極層
14b 負極集電体
100 二次電池
Claims (10)
- 複数の孔を有する多孔質シリカと、
前記複数の孔内に充填された電解質とを備え、
前記電解質は、
マグネシウム塩と、
1−エチル−3−メチルイミダゾリウムイオンをカチオンとして含有するイオン液体とを含む、
固形状マグネシウムイオン伝導体。 - 前記イオン液体の分子量が400以下である、
請求項1に記載の固形状マグネシウムイオン伝導体。 - 前記イオン液体は、アニオンとして、ジシアノアミドイオン、テトラフルオロボレートイオン、及び、ビス(トリフルオロメタンスルホニル)イミドイオンからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種を含有する、
請求項1または2に記載の固形状マグネシウムイオン伝導体。 - 前記イオン液体に対する前記マグネシウム塩のモル比が、0.04より大きく、かつ、0.10より小さい、
請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の固形状マグネシウムイオン伝導体。 - 前記マグネシウム塩は、マグネシウムトリフルオロメタンスルホナート、マグネシウムビス(トリフルオロメタンスルホニル)イミド、及び、マグネシウムパークロレートからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種を含む、
請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の固形状マグネシウムイオン伝導体。 - 前記多孔質シリカは、複数のシリカ粒子が連結された構造を有し、
前記複数のシリカ粒子の平均粒径が、2nm以上10nm以下である、
請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の固形状マグネシウムイオン伝導体。 - 前記イオン液体のモル数は、前記多孔質シリカのモル数よりも大きい、
請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の固形状マグネシウムイオン伝導体。 - 前記イオン液体のアニオンの大きさL(Å)が、4×n≦L≦5×n、または、5/n≦L≦4/n(ここで、nは正の整数)を満たす、
請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の固形状マグネシウムイオン伝導体。 - 前記イオン液体は、アニオンとして、ジシアノアミドイオン、テトラフルオロボレートイオンからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種を含有する、
請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載の固形状マグネシウムイオン伝導体。 - 正極と、
負極と、
請求項1から9のいずれか一項に記載の固形状マグネシウムイオン伝導体と、を備える、
二次電池。
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