JP2014191904A - 電極およびそれを用いた二次電池 - Google Patents
電極およびそれを用いた二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2014191904A JP2014191904A JP2013064301A JP2013064301A JP2014191904A JP 2014191904 A JP2014191904 A JP 2014191904A JP 2013064301 A JP2013064301 A JP 2013064301A JP 2013064301 A JP2013064301 A JP 2013064301A JP 2014191904 A JP2014191904 A JP 2014191904A
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- electrode
- molten salt
- porous body
- electrolyte
- salt electrolyte
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- UYVTYBDVUSLCJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-3-propan-2-ylimidazol-1-ium Chemical compound CC(C)[N+]=1C=CN(C)C=1 UYVTYBDVUSLCJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ferrous sulfide Chemical compound [Fe]=S MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Abstract
【解決手段】活物質と、細孔を有する多孔体と、溶融塩電解質とを含み、前記多孔体が、前記細孔内に前記溶融塩電解質を有する電極を用いることにより、溶融塩の融点に近い低温域でも、電極間の電解質層に含まれる溶融塩電解質と電極との濡れ性を向上することができ、低温域における充放電容量の低下が抑制された二次電池が得られる。前記多孔体の平均細孔径が、1〜10nmである電極。
【選択図】なし
Description
メソポーラスアルミノシリケート、メソポーラスカーボンなどの多孔質ガラスや、MOF(Metal-Organic Framework)またはPCP(Porous Coordination Polymer)とも呼ばれる多孔性配位高分子が挙げられる。多孔性配位高分子の具体例としては、Zn(MeIM)2、Al(OH)[BDC]、Zn2(DOBDC)などが挙げられる。なお、上述の化学式で用いた略号は、以下のようなものである。
H2BDC:1,4−ベンゼンジカルボン酸
H4DOBDC:2,5−ジヒドロキシテレフタル酸
なお、多孔体1bの平均細孔径は、たとえばガス吸着法などの細孔径分布測定から得られる。この場合、細孔内の溶融塩固体電解質や吸着物を洗浄・除去した後に測定する。なお、多孔性配位高分子の細孔は結晶構造に由来するため、X線構造解析により得られる結晶構造から求めることもできる。
解質の多孔体1b内部への拡散を促進するため、混合物を例えば100〜200℃程度の温度環境下に静置してもよい。なお、上述の注入処理は、細孔内や溶融塩電解質に水分等が吸着しないよう、例えば真空中や、露点−20℃以下の乾燥雰囲気中で行うことが好ましい。さらに、多孔体1bや溶融塩電解質の酸化還元などの化学反応を防止するため、真空中や、窒素、アルゴンなどの不活性雰囲気中で注入処理を行うことがさらに好ましい。
導電性酸化物材料などをフィラーとした導電性インクなどを電極材料表面に塗布し、乾燥させたものを用いてもよい。また、白金やアルミニウム、チタンなどの金属を電極材料表面に蒸着したものであってもよい。
正極側集電層となるアルミニウム箔上にドクターブレード法により塗布し、溶媒を乾燥することにより、厚さが300μmの正極活物質層を形成した。
充放電電流値 :1mA/cm2(定電流充放電)
測定温度 :70℃
、溶融塩電解質の融点近傍である70℃という低温域においても、100mAh/g以上という高い放電容量を示した。特に、試料No.2〜9、12は、正極に含まれる多孔体の平均細孔径が1〜10nmであるとともに、正極の断面において多孔体の占める面積比率が0.4〜17%であり、放電容量が105mAh/g以上と優れたものであった。なお、試料No.2〜12については、溶融塩電解質の融点である67℃においても充放電が可能であることを確認した。
1N・・・負極
1a・・・活物質
1b・・・多孔体
1c・・・空隙
2・・・・電解質層
4・・・・発電要素
5・・・・集電層
5N・・・負極側集電層
5P・・・正極側集電層
6N・・・負極端子
6P・・・正極端子
7・・・・電池ケース本体
Claims (5)
- 活物質と、細孔を有する多孔体と、溶融塩電解質とを含み、前記多孔体が、前記細孔内に前記溶融塩電解質を有することを特徴とする電極。
- 前記電極の断面において、前記多孔体が占める面積比率が0.4〜17%であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電極。
- 前記多孔体の平均細孔径が、1〜10nmであることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の電極。
- 正極、負極、および前記正極と前記負極との間に非水電解質を備え、前記正極および前記負極のうち少なくともいずれか一方として、請求項1乃至3のいずれかに記載の電極を用いたことを特徴とする二次電池。
- 前記非水電解質が、溶融塩電解質であることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の二次電池。
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