JP2020039316A - Container for mushroom cultivation, and assembly apparatus of the same - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a container for mushroom cultivation which is adapted for automation and used for efficiently cultivating mushrooms such as shiitake mushroom, and an assembly apparatus of the container.SOLUTION: A container for mushroom cultivation 1 comprises: a container body 2 of a flat box shape which is formed of a light shielding material and whose top face is open; a culture medium 3 which is made up of a culture medium material filled into the container body 2; a sheet 4 which covers the top face of the culture medium 3; and lid members 5 having light transmissivity and air permeability which are fitted with openings in the top face of the container body 2 in a detachable manner, in which a plurality of through-holes are formed in the sheet 4.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a cultivation tray for mushrooms mainly used for cultivation of mushrooms such as shiitake mushrooms and an assembling apparatus thereof.

  Conventionally, as a method of cultivating mushrooms such as shiitake mushrooms, a method using a bag-shaped cultivation container is known (for example, see Patent Document 1).

  In this method, a cultivation container is filled with a medium material such as sawdust, a block-shaped medium is formed, the upper surface of the medium is covered with a light-transmitting sheet, and then a sterilization step of sterilizing the container filled with the medium, mushrooms Is performed, and a fungus inoculation step of sealing the cultivation container is performed.

  Then, after covering the entire peripheral surface and the bottom surface of the cultivation container with a sheet, the mycelium is cultured, the primordium is formed, and after growing to some extent, the light-transmitting sheet covering the medium is removed, and the mushrooms grown from the primordium are removed. I try to harvest.

Japanese Patent No. 5166768

  However, the conventional technique as described above has a problem that the surface area of the upper surface of the medium on which the mushrooms grow is small relative to the volume of the medium, and the cultivation efficiency is poor.

  In addition, the conventional container for mushroom cultivation is an operation of filling the medium with the medium, an operation of covering the medium with a sheet, an operation of opening and inoculating a part of the container, and covering the entire peripheral surface and the bottom surface of the cultivation container with a sheet. There is a problem that work such as work has to be performed manually, it is difficult to adapt to automation, and efficiency is poor.

  Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of such conventional problems, and has been made with an object of providing a container for mushroom cultivation for efficiently cultivating mushrooms such as shiitake mushrooms and a device for assembling the same. is there.

  The feature of the invention according to claim 1 for solving the conventional problem as described above is a flat box-shaped container main body formed of a light-shielding material and having an open upper surface, and a medium filled in the container main body. A culture medium made of a material, a sheet covering an upper surface of the culture medium, a light-transmitting and air-permeable lid member detachably fitted to an upper surface opening of the container body; It is in a container for cultivating mushrooms having a through hole.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the first aspect, the lid member has one or more columnar working holes, and a column-shaped working hole lid for closing the working holes so as to be openable and closable. The work hole cover has a light transmitting property and a gas permeability.

  A feature of the invention according to claim 3 is the apparatus for assembling a cultivation container for mushrooms according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a transfer unit that transfers the container body, and a container that sends the container body to the transfer unit. Supply means, a medium input means for inputting a medium material into the container body, a medium pressing means for pressing the upper surface of a medium made of the medium material inserted by the medium input means, and shaping the upper surface of the medium, Sheet covering means for covering the sheet on the upper surface of the culture medium shaped by the culture medium pressing means, lid supply means for placing the lid member on the container body, and pressing the upper surface of the lid member to form the container A cover fitting means for fitting the cover member to the upper surface opening of the main body, wherein the sheet covering means is disposed near the transfer means, and a sheet accommodating portion for accommodating a large number of the sheets in a stacked manner; The sheet storage Adsorbs housed surface of the sheet is to have a sheet transfer mechanism for transferring to the upper surface of the medium in the container body on the transport means.

  A feature of the invention according to claim 4 is that, in addition to the configuration according to claim 3, the culture medium input means dissolves the culture medium input from a storage unit and drops the culture medium evenly into the container body. It has a leveling mechanism.

  The container for cultivating mushrooms according to the present invention is capable of growing mushrooms more efficiently than the upper surface side of the culture medium by having the configuration according to claim 1, and the upper surface of the culture medium 3 where the mushrooms grow with respect to the volume of the culture medium. Can increase the surface area and improve the cultivation efficiency. It can also be adapted to automation.

  In addition, in the present invention, the provision of the configuration described in claim 2 enables inoculation work or the like to be performed without opening the lid member.

  In addition, in the present invention, by providing the configuration described in claim 3, a container for mushroom cultivation can be efficiently assembled, and cultivation efficiency can be improved.

  Furthermore, in the present invention, the provision of the configuration described in claim 4 allows the medium material to be evenly filled in the container body, and provides a high-quality medium suitable for mushroom cultivation.

(A) is a front view which shows the container for mushroom cultivation which concerns on this invention, (b) is the same top view. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view same as the above. It is the schematic which shows the assembly apparatus of the container for mushroom cultivation which concerns on this invention. FIG. 4 is a front view schematically showing a culture medium pressing unit in FIG. 3. FIG. 4 is an enlarged vertical sectional view showing a culture medium pressing unit in FIG. 3. It is a front view which shows the outline of the film covering means in FIG. It is a front view which shows the state at the time of transfer of a film same as the above. It is a front view which shows the outline of the lid covering means in FIG. It is a front view which shows the state at the time of lid covering same as the above.

  Next, an embodiment of the container for mushroom cultivation according to the present invention will be described based on the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

  The container 1 for mushroom cultivation includes a flat box-shaped container main body 2 having an open upper surface, a culture medium 3 in which a medium material is filled in the container main body 2, a sheet 4 covering the upper surface of the culture medium 3, and a container main body 2 And a translucent lid member 5 which is detachably fitted to the upper opening of the culture medium, and inoculates the culture medium 3 with mushroom bacteria such as shiitake mushrooms through the sheet 4 so that the hyphae are cultured to grow the mushrooms. Has become.

  The container main body 2 includes a flat bottom plate portion 2a and a rectangular frame-shaped peripheral wall portion 2b rising from the periphery of the bottom plate portion 2a, and has a bottomed flat box shape with an open upper surface.

  In the container body 2, the bottom plate 2a and the peripheral wall 2b are formed of a light-shielding material, so that transmission of light from the bottom surface and the peripheral surface to the culture medium 3 can be restricted.

  The medium is made of sawdust, hardwood chips with nutrients and water added, and is filled so that the gaps between the medium are even, and compressed at a predetermined pressure to form a block-shaped medium 3. Is done.

  The sheet 4 is formed in a very thin sheet shape, has a plurality of minute through holes penetrating on the front and back sides, and covers the upper surface of the culture medium 3 to thereby prevent the culture medium 3 from drying and function as an inoculation hole after sterilization. It has become.

  The lid member 5 is formed of a resin material having a light-transmitting property and a gas-permeable property, and is detachably fitted to the opening on the upper surface of the container body 2.

  The cover member 5 is provided with a plurality of cylindrical working holes 5a, 5a..., And each of the working holes 5a, 5a. The work hole cover 5b is fitted so as to be openable and closable.

  In the mushroom cultivation container 1 configured as described above, the container body 2 is formed in a flat box shape by the bottom plate portion 2a and the peripheral wall portion 2b made of a light-shielding material, and a plurality of through holes are formed in the surface of the culture medium 3. The mushrooms can be grown more efficiently than the upper surface side of the culture medium 3 by covering the mushrooms with the sheet 4, and the surface area of the upper surface of the culture medium 3 where the mushrooms grow can be increased with respect to the volume of the culture medium 3, thereby improving the cultivation efficiency. Can be done.

  Next, an apparatus for assembling the mushroom cultivation container 1 will be described with reference to FIGS.

  The mushroom cultivation container assembling apparatus 10 includes a transfer means 11 for transferring the container body 2, a container supply means 12 for feeding the container body 2 to the transfer means 11, and a medium input means 13 for inputting a culture medium into the container body 2. And a culture medium pressing means 14 for pressing the upper surface of the culture medium 3 made of the medium material supplied by the medium introduction means 13 to shape the upper surface of the culture medium 3, and a sheet 4 on the upper surface of the culture medium 3 shaped by the culture medium pressing means 14. , A lid covering means 16 for placing the lid member 5 on the container body 2, and pressing the upper surface of the lid member 5 to fit the lid member 5 into the upper opening of the container body 2. And a container fitting unit 17, a medium loading unit 13, a medium pressing unit 14, a sheet covering unit 15, a lid covering unit 16, and a lid fitting unit 17. Yo Mushroom cultivation container 1 is made as to be assembled Te.

  The transfer means 11 uses a roller conveyor, and the container main body 2 moves on rollers 18, 18... Which are rotated by a motor (not shown) or the like.

  Are arranged at predetermined positions in the transfer means 11, respectively, so that the container body 2 stops at a predetermined position on the roller conveyor.

  The positioning devices 19, 19 ... are arranged below the transfer means 11, and a stopper 19b which moves up and down by a cylinder device 19a protrudes from the surface of the transfer means 11, the front surface of the container body 2 is abutted against the stopper 19b, and the stopper 19b is By descending from the surface of the transfer means 11, the container body 2 can be moved.

  Each of the positioning devices 19 is controlled in sequence by the control device, and moves and stops the container body 2 in accordance with the timing of each process.

  The container supply means 12 holds a large number of container bodies 2 on the transfer means 11 in a stacked state, and feeds out the stacked container bodies 2 advanced by the transfer means 11 to the transfer means 11 one by one. 20.

  The delivery section 20 includes a lifting arm 20a for lifting a large number of container bodies 2 stacked above the lowermost container body 2, and the positioning devices 19, 19 when the large number of container bodies 2 are lifted by the lifting arm 20a. By lowering the stoppers 19b, only the lowermost container main body 2 is sequentially sent out on the transfer means 11 to the downstream side.

  The culture medium input means 13 includes a storage section 21 for storing the culture medium material, and a box-shaped fixed amount insertion section 22 into which a fixed amount of the medium material is charged from the storage section 21. It moves up to the moved container main body 2, and a predetermined amount of the culture medium 3 is dropped into the container main body 2 at that position. Reference numeral 22a in the figure denotes a cylinder device for moving the fixed-quantity feeding section 22.

  The medium input means 13 is provided with a medium leveling mechanism for breaking the medium supplied from the storage unit 21 into the fixed amount input unit 22 and dropping the medium into the container body 2 evenly.

  Although not particularly shown, the culture medium leveling mechanism is provided with a screw in the fixed amount input section 22 so that the culture medium can be evenly released by rotation of the screw.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the culture medium pressing means 14 is disposed under the frame 23 located on the upper surface of the container body 2, the pressing mechanism 24 disposed on the frame 23, and the transfer means 11. A vibrating mechanism 25 is provided, a plurality of vibrating plates 25a, 25a are addressed to the lower side of the container main body 2 stopped on the transfer means 11, and a medium 3 made of a medium 3 is moved with the vibrating plates 25a, 25a moved up and down. Is pressed on the upper surface.

  The pressing mechanism 24 includes a pressing plate 24a supported by the beam member 24c so as to be vertically movable, and a cylinder device 24b for vertically moving the pressing plate 24a. As shown in FIG. 5, the pressing plate 24a is moved by the cylinder device 24b. The culture medium 3 is made to descend and is pressed by a predetermined pressure on the upper surface of the culture medium 3 made of the culture medium material put into the container body 2.

  The vibration mechanism 25 includes a plurality of vibration plates 25a, 25a arranged side by side in the traveling direction of the transfer means 11, and projects the vibration plates 25a, 25a from the gap between the rollers 18, 18,. And is directed to the lower surface of the container body 2.

  Each of the vibration plates 25a, 25a is moved up and down when the culture plate 3 is pressed by the pressing plate 24a by operating the crank mechanism 25c by the motor 25b, so as to vibrate the container body 2.

  The frame 23 covers the upper surface of the container main body 2 when the culture medium is charged, so that the surplus culture medium does not adhere to the upper surface of the container main body 2.

  The sheet covering unit 15 is disposed near the transfer unit 11 and adsorbs a sheet storage unit 26 that stores a large number of sheets 4 in a stacked manner and a surface of the sheet 4 stored in the sheet storage unit 26. And a sheet transfer mechanism 27 for transferring the sheet 4 to the upper surface of the culture medium 3 in the container main body 2. One sheet 4 is placed on the upper surface of the culture medium 3 in each container main body 2 transferred by the culture medium pressing means 14. ing.

  The sheet storage unit 26 includes a tray 26a that stores a large number of ultra-thin sheets 4 in a stacked manner, and a tray mounting table 26b on which the tray 26a is mounted. The tray 26a is mounted on the tray mounting table 26b. The sheets 4 are sequentially transferred to the upper surface of the culture medium 3 in the container body 2 stopped on the transfer means 11.

  The sheet transfer mechanism 27 includes a cylinder device 29 that moves along a rail 28 spanned between the sheet storage unit 26 and the transfer unit 11, a frame 30 fixed to a rod lower end of the cylinder device 29, and a frame 30. , And the frame 30 supporting each of the suction tools 31, 31 moves between the sheet accommodating section 26 and the transfer means 11 and can move up and down. ing.

  The suction tool 31 includes a rod portion 31a supported on the frame 30 via a linear bush 32 so as to be vertically movable, and a suction cup portion 31b disposed at a lower end of the rod portion 31a, and an upper end of the rod portion 31a is not shown. The suction hose is connected to the pump via a suction hose so that a negative pressure acts on the suction cup.

  .. Are preferably arranged so as to be located inside the outer edge of the sheet 4.

  In the work by the sheet covering means 15, first, the frame 30 is moved onto the tray 26a of the sheet accommodating portion 26, the frame 30 is lowered at that position, and the surface of the uppermost stacked sheet 4 in the tray 26a is sucked. The suction cup 31b of the tool 31 is brought into contact.

  Next, a negative pressure is applied to the suction part 31b to cause the sheet 4 to be sucked to the suction part 31b, and in this state, the frame 30 is raised, and the sheet 4 is lifted from the tray 26a.

  When the sheet 4 is lifted, since the sheet 4 has a plurality of minute through holes, air flows between the respective sheets 4 and 4 through the through holes to prevent adhesion between the sheets 4 to prevent the sheets from sticking to each other. Can be lifted.

  Next, the cylinder device 29 is moved along the rail 28, the frame 30 is moved onto the container main body 2 on the transfer means 11, and the cylinder device 29 is operated at that position to lower the frame 30 to remove the sheet 4. It is put on the upper surface of the culture medium 3 in the container body 2.

  In this case, by providing the sheet 4 with a plurality of through holes, wind pressure accompanying the descending is avoided through the through holes, and the outer edge of the sheet 4 is prevented from being caught inside by receiving the wind pressure. ing.

  Then, when the covering of the sheet 4 is completed, the container body 2 is sent out to the cover covering means 16.

  As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the lid covering means 16 is provided with a lid member supply unit 32 provided in parallel with the transportation unit 11, and a lid member transporter for transporting the lid member 5 onto the transportation unit 11 from the lid member supply unit 32. And a mechanism 33.

  The lid member supply unit 32 includes a conveyor device 32a, and is configured to put the lid member 5 on the conveyor device 32a and sequentially send the lid members 5 to the vicinity of the transfer unit 11.

  The cover member transfer mechanism 33 includes a cylinder device 35 that moves along a rail 34 spanned between the cover member supply unit 32 and the transfer unit 11, an arm unit 36 fixed to a lower end of a rod of the cylinder device 35, The arm 36 moves between the lid member supply section 32 and the transfer means 11 and can move up and down.

  Then, the cover member transfer mechanism 33 grasps the cover members 5 sequentially supplied to the cover member supply unit 32 with the lowered arm unit 36, moves the cylinder device 35 along the rail 34, and transfers the arm unit 36 to the transfer unit 11 The container is moved onto the upper container body 2.

  Then, the cylinder device 35 is operated at that position to lower the arm portion 36 and open the arm portion 36, cover the upper surface of the container body 2 with the lid member 5, and send the container body 2 to the lid fitting means 17.

  The lid fitting means 17 includes a press 17a for pressing the upper surface of the lid member 5, and the lid member 5 is fitted to the outside of the upper surface opening of the container body 2 by pressing the press, so that the container 1 for mushroom cultivation can be assembled. Complete.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Mushroom cultivation container 2 Container main body 3 Medium 4 Sheet 5 Lid member 10 Assembly device 11 Transfer means 12 Container supply means 13 Medium input means 14 Medium press means 15 Sheet covering means 16 Cover covering means 17 Cover fitting means 18 Roller 19 Positioning Device 20 Sending-out unit 21 Storage unit 22 Fixed-quantity feeding unit 23 Frame 24 Pressing mechanism 25 Vibration mechanism 26 Sheet storage unit 27 Sheet transfer mechanism 28 Rail 29 Cylinder device 30 Frame 31 Suction tool 32 Cover member supply unit

Claims (4)

A flat box-shaped container body formed of a light-shielding material and having an open top surface, a medium made of a culture medium material filled in the container body, a sheet covering the top surface of the culture medium, and an upper surface opening of the container body A translucent and air-permeable lid member detachably fitted to the
A container for mushroom cultivation, wherein a plurality of through holes are formed in the sheet.   The said cover member is provided with one or several columnar working holes, and a columnar working hole cover which closes the working holes so that opening and closing is possible, The said working hole lid has translucency and air permeability. 2. The container for mushroom cultivation according to 1. An assembling apparatus for a mushroom cultivation container according to claim 1 or 2,
Transfer means for transferring the container body, container supply means for feeding the container body to the transfer means, medium input means for inputting a culture medium into the container body, and medium medium input by the medium input means. Pressing the upper surface of the culture medium to form the culture medium pressing means for shaping the upper surface of the culture medium, sheet covering means for covering the sheet on the upper surface of the culture medium shaped by the culture medium pressing means, and the lid member on the container body A lid supply unit to be placed, and a lid fitting unit that presses an upper surface of the lid member and fits the lid member into an upper surface opening of the container body;
The sheet covering unit is disposed in the vicinity of the transfer unit, and a sheet storage unit that stores a large number of the sheets in a stacked manner, and adsorbs a surface of the sheet stored in the sheet storage unit, and A mushroom cultivation container assembling device, comprising: a sheet transfer mechanism for transferring the medium to an upper surface of the culture medium in the container body.   The cultivation container for mushrooms according to claim 3, wherein the culture medium introduction means is provided with a culture medium leveling mechanism for unraveling the culture medium material supplied from a storage unit and dropping the culture medium material uniformly into the container body. Assembly equipment.

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