JP2010029097A - Cultivation container and method for cultivating mushroom using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a reusable cultivation container designed so as to specify a mushroom generation part at the upper surface of a mushroom bed. <P>SOLUTION: The cultivation container 1 has a top-open and bottomed body container 2, and a lid 3 detachably attached to the opening 2e of the container and closing the opening 2e. The body container 2 is made of light-opaque material and the lid 3 is made of light-transmitting material. In the body container 2, the surface of culture medium is covered with a culture medium cover 5 provided with at least one open hole 51 and made of light-opaque or slightly light-transmitting material to close the opening 2e with the lid 3. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention relates to a cultivation container and a straw cultivation method using the container, and more specifically, a reusable cultivation container that can be cultivated by specifying a portion where the straw is generated by top cultivation, and a straw cultivation using the cultivation container. It is about the method.

  Traditional shiitake mushroom cultivation was mainly done by planting inoculum into raw wood. In recent years, it has been shifting to the fungus bed cultivation in which the environment suitable for straw cultivation is prepared indoors because it is difficult to secure the harvest.

  This fungus bed cultivation is a process of filling a cultivation bag with a medium in which a nutrient such as rice bran is added to a base material such as sawdust, and sterilizing or sterilizing the bag-filled medium (hereinafter also referred to as “fungus bed”). Sterilized or sterilized in the medium, then inoculated with the inoculum after cooling so that no germs enter the medium, followed by culturing for several weeks while adjusting the temperature, humidity, etc., then The fungus bed is taken out from the cultivation bag and further cultivated through a process of generating cocoons while cultivating the fungus bed by adjusting temperature, humidity and the like and a process of harvesting the produced cocoons. Compared to raw wood cultivation, this fungus bed cultivation can control conditions such as temperature and humidity arbitrarily in the room, and is less susceptible to the effects of pests and harmful bacteria, so it can cultivate stable harvests and high quality strawberries. There are advantages.

  In this fungus bed cultivation, a fungus bed is made using a cultivation bag of a predetermined shape, so that the fungus bed has substantially the same shape as the cultivation bag. For example, when a bottomed and square bag is used for the cultivation bag, a prismatic fungus bed is formed, and when a bottomed and cylindrical bag is used, a cylindrical fungus bed is formed. Sponge is generated from the fungus bed of this shape, but the location is from the outer surface of the fungus bed, that is, from the side, shoulder, or top surface, and many spiders of the same size or with different sizes of various sizes. Occurs randomly regardless of location. For this reason, the generated cocoons collide with each other and are deformed, or the sizes of the cocoons are not uniform, and the harvested cocoons are inferior in commercial value. In addition, when a plurality of bacteria beds are arranged in close contact with each other, wrinkles generated from adjacent bacteria beds collide with each other and deform, so that the plurality of bacteria beds must be arranged with a relatively wide interval. Therefore, a vast space or shelf is required, and management of water and temperature of the fungus bed becomes troublesome, resulting in problems such as poor productivity and work efficiency.

  Then, the cultivation container (cultivation bag) and the cultivation method using this cultivation container for solving such a problem are proposed (for example, refer to the following patent documents 1-4).

For example, Patent Literature 1 below discloses a cultivation method for generating shiitake mushrooms from the upper surface of a medium. This shiitake cultivation is cultivated in a process including the following i-ha.
I. A process of containing an artificial medium for shiitake mushrooms in a vertically long bag made of a synthetic resin film having a diameter of 8 to 20 cm and a height of 10 to 30 cm;
B. A step of forming a breathing hole having a depth of about 2 to 8 cm in the upper center of the medium;
C. Next, when the upper surface of the medium is fully matured and shiitake is generated, the upper part of the long bag is cut out and opened.

  In this shiitake cultivation method, a breathing hole of a predetermined size is formed in the center of the upper part of the medium in the above step B, so that air is supplied from the breathing hole to the upper surface part of the medium. As a result, the surface portion of the medium is ripened quickly and intensively, and the occurrence of shiitake on this surface portion is accelerated. Therefore, according to this cultivation method, wrinkles are generated from the upper surface of the medium, so that cultivation and harvesting are facilitated. Of course, since it does not occur from the side, it is possible to narrow the gap between adjacent bacteria beds.

  Moreover, the following patent document 2 discloses a cultivation method for generating shiitake mushrooms from the same medium upper surface. This shiitake cultivation method removes the upper part of the cultivation container (cultivation bag) in the generation process after completion of the cultivation of shiitake fungus bed cultivation, and exposes only the upper surface of the fungus bed, and the other parts are the side surface and bottom part of the fungus bed. It is a method to suppress the generation of wrinkles from the side surface and the bottom surface of the fungus bed by pouring water into the gap, keeping a slight gap between and leaving it as a cultivation container, and generating only from the top surface of the fungus bed .

  Furthermore, the following patent document 3 discloses a cultivation method for generating shiitake mushrooms from the same medium top surface. In this shiitake cultivation method, in the process of culturing or after the completion of culturing, the exposed microbial bed from which the cultivating container is removed is housed alone in a state where only the upper surface is opened in another container, and the microbial bed and container It is a cultivation method in which the generation of mushrooms from the side and bottom surfaces of the fungus bed is suppressed by filling the gaps between them with water or an aqueous solution. Specifically, using an acrylic main body container having a predetermined vertical, horizontal, and height, this main body container has an elastic microbial bed fixing support in the upper four corners at an angle of 45 degrees. Further, two microbial bed installation stands having a predetermined height are attached to the bottom at predetermined intervals. This support has a function of preventing the fungus bed inserted into the main body from floating due to water absorption. And using this main body container, the cultured microbial bed is taken out from a bag, exposed, accommodated in the container, and fixed with a support. Water is supplied by watering or water supply, and the gap between the fungus bed and the main body is filled. After the fungus bed is placed in the container, watering is performed every day, and the temperature control after completion of the culture is adjusted to 13 ° C. in the morning and evening and 20 ° C. during the day. As a result, mushrooms are generated only from the upper surface of the fungus bed.

  Furthermore, the cultivation container disclosed in the following Patent Document 4 includes a cultivation bottle that is open at the top and has a bottom, and a cap that closes the bottle mouth of the bottle, and the cultivation bottle has a light shielding rate of 50% or less. The cap is formed with a light shielding rate of 98% or more. When this cultivation container is used, since the cap has a light shielding rate of 98% or more, the adherence of the fruiting body primordial to the inner surface and the vent hole of the cap is suppressed, and the cap can be easily cleaned. On the other hand, since the cultivation bottle has a shading rate of 50% or less, the formation of fruit body primaries becomes active.

JP-A 63-276421 (Specification, page 2, left column upper row and page right column upper row, FIG. 1) Japanese Patent No. 3087171 (paragraphs [0013] and [0014], FIG. 1) Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2005-204604 (paragraphs [0011], [0012], FIGS. 3 and 4) JP-A-9-163859 (paragraphs [0013] to [0016], FIG. 1)

  According to the cocoon cultivation method using the cultivation container of the above-mentioned patent documents 1 to 4, it becomes possible to intensively generate cocoons on the upper surface of the fungus bed (medium). However, in these cultivation methods, wrinkles can be generated intensively on the upper surface of the fungus bed, but the site of occurrence cannot be specified even on this upper surface. Therefore, wrinkles are randomly generated on the upper surface of the fungus bed (medium), and the problems of the prior art are generated on this upper surface.

  Moreover, the paddy cultivation method using the said patent document, especially the cultivation container of the literatures 1-3 has a problem that management and an operation | work become troublesome. The cultivation method of Patent Document 1 requires drilling work, the cultivation method of Patent Document 2 requires frequent water injection work, and Patent Document 3 requires various operations such as the installation and transfer work of a container for transferring the fungus bed. become. Since most of these operations are manual operations, it is difficult to automate them. In addition, as the number of bacterial beds increases, the labor cost increases in proportion to this, and the cost of the sputum increases. In artificial cultivation of persimmons, labor costs are usually higher than other costs such as fungus bed manufacturing costs, accounting for nearly half of the total. For this reason, reducing labor costs is one of the challenges. Moreover, in the cultivation method of the said patent document 2, since the bag upper part which put the fungus bed by water injection may spread too much, attachment of a band etc. is needed for this part, and this operation | work also becomes a manual operation. Therefore, these cultivation containers cannot be automated using machines without manpower. Moreover, what is formed with the film-like bag body among cultivation containers cannot be reused, and there exists a possibility that resources may be wasted. Moreover, since the cultivation bin of the said patent document 4 has the light-shielding rate of 50% or less, in the case of shiitake cultivation, for example, the cocoon base will adhere firmly to the inner wall surface of the bin. For this reason, when trying to scrape the spent medium out of the bottle, the cocoon matrix adheres to the inner wall surface of the bottle in a net-like state, firmly adheres, and cannot be peeled off. Attempting to peel it will cause cracks or damage to the inner wall surface, making it impossible to reuse the container.

  In fungus bed cultivation, it is important how to create a suitable environment for the generation and growth of straw. This cultivation environment is to artificially create an environment resembling the natural environment that is most efficiently generated and grown during log cultivation. In the cultivation method using the cultivation container of the said patent document, upper surface cultivation is enabled by air or water. However, in these cultivation methods, even if top surface cultivation is possible, the generation | occurrence | production site | part of a cocoon cannot be specified in a fungus bed upper surface.

  Then, this inventor examined paying attention to that cultivation environment becomes not only air and water but light is also an important element so that it may be seen in the said patent document. In other words, ultraviolet rays in the light are harmful to the formation of the primordium, that is, the growth of mycelium, so it is not necessary for this growth process, but is necessary for the generation and growth of cocoons. It has been found that if the container is devised and light is irradiated at a predetermined timing, the formation of the primordial group, that is, the generation site of wrinkles can be identified, and the present invention has been completed.

  Then, the objective of this invention is providing the cultivation container which can suppress top surface cultivation etc. which attached the inside of a container, etc., and can perform top surface cultivation which made reuse easy.

  Another object of the present invention is to provide a cultivation container that can identify the generation site of cocoons on the upper surface of the fungus bed and can be reused.

  Another object of the present invention is to provide a straw cultivation method using the cultivation container.

  In order to achieve the above object, the cultivation container according to claim 1 has a main body container having an open top and a bottom, and a lid that is detachably attached to the opening and closes the opening. The main body container is formed of a light-impermeable material, the lid body is formed of a light-transmissive material, and the main body container is closed with a fine gap between the opening and the lid body. It is characterized by.

  Invention of Claim 2 is the cultivation container of Claim 1, The said main body container is formed with the bottomed cylindrical body by which the opening area above the bottom area of the bottom part was expanded, It is characterized by the above-mentioned. To do.

  A third aspect of the present invention is the cultivation container according to the first aspect, wherein the lid is formed with an opening having a predetermined size, and the opening prevents invasion of various bacteria and has a plurality of air permeability. It is characterized by being covered with a filter made of a porous sheet having fine pores.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the cultivation container according to the first aspect, the main body container is provided with one or a plurality of openings on the surface of the medium when the medium is packed in the container. The opening is covered with a medium cover made of a material that does not transmit light or has low light transmittance, and the opening is closed by the lid.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the cultivation container according to the fourth aspect, the openings of the medium cover are changed in size according to the type of the cocoon and arranged with a predetermined regularity. It is characterized by that.

  The invention of claim 6 is the cultivation container according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the culture medium cover is formed of a thin film sheet or a plate-like body having a predetermined thickness.

  The invention according to claim 7 is the cultivation container according to claim 6, wherein the culture medium cover is formed of any one of a resin film, a nonwoven fabric, a paper material, and wood.

  The straw cultivation method of Claim 8 uses the cultivation container in any one of Claims 1-3, and after filling the said cultivation container with a culture medium, the process of a normal method sterilization or sterilization, inoculation, and culture | cultivation A fungus bed is created through cultivating straw.

  The straw cultivation method of Claim 9 uses the cultivation container in any one of Claims 4-7, and fills the said main body container with a culture medium, After covering the upper surface of the said culture medium with the said culture medium cover The fungus bed is cultivated by preparing a fungus bed through the usual sterilization or sterilization, inoculation and culture processes.

  By providing the above-described configuration, the present invention has the following excellent effects. That is, according to the first aspect of the present invention, it is possible to easily cultivate the upper surface of the salmon, for example, shiitake mushroom, without performing many manual operations as in the prior art. In addition, since the main body container is formed of a light-impermeable material and is shielded from light, for example, primordial formation on the inner wall surface of the container is suppressed at the time of shiitake cultivation, without adhering to the inner wall surface of the container, Scraping of spent medium is facilitated. As a result, work such as scraping is reduced and the reuse of the cultivation container is simplified.

  According to the invention of claim 2, since the upper opening area is enlarged, the number of wrinkles generated can be increased. In addition, the used medium can be easily scraped by turning the main body container upside down.

  According to the third aspect of the present invention, it is possible to release the gas from the inside and take in the air while preventing the invasion of various germs in a state where the opening of the container body and the lid are closed.

  According to the invention of claim 4, the cultivation container can grow a cocoon by identifying a cocoon generation site on the upper surface of the medium by covering the upper surface of the medium with the medium cover. For example, when cultivating shiitake mushrooms, if the medium is filled up to the opening and the upper surface thereof is covered with the medium cover, the light necessary to form the cocoon primordium is irradiated to the medium cover through the lid. As a result, the formation of the primordial group is promoted at the location that is exposed to light through the medium cover, and the generation site can be identified from this location to generate and grow wrinkles. In addition, since the upper surface of the medium is covered with the medium cover, the surface of the medium is difficult to dry, and the medium is aged in an environment where the humidity is sufficiently maintained to create a good fungus bed and produce high-quality cocoons.

  According to the invention of claim 5, since the size of the opening is changed in accordance with the type of cocoon, efficient cultivation is possible according to the type of cocoon. For example, in the case of shiitake cultivation, it is preferable that the diameter of the circular aperture is in the range of 1.0 to 5.0 mm. When the thickness is 5.0 mm or more, a plurality of shiitake mushrooms are generated from one hole, and the quality deteriorates when growing as it is. On the other hand, if it is attempted to remove a part of the shiitake, the work is required. In the case of other kites such as maiko and nameko kites, it is preferable to make them relatively large. By arranging the apertures at a predetermined regularity, for example, an array separated by a distance at which generated wrinkles do not collide with each other, high-quality wrinkles can be produced in a balanced manner.

  According to the invention of claim 6, the sheet material is formed of a thin film sheet or a plate-like body having a predetermined thickness. It can be used.

  According to the invention of claim 7, since the resin film, the nonwoven fabric, the paper material, the wood and the like are easily available, the medium cover can be easily produced at a low price.

  According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, it is possible to easily cultivate the upper surface of a cocoon, for example, shiitake mushroom, without performing many manual operations as in the prior art.

  According to the invention of claim 9, by using the cultivation container, it is possible to cultivate the cocoon by specifying the part where the cocoon is generated.

  Hereinafter, the best embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, the embodiment shown below is illustrative of a cultivation container for embodying the technical idea of the present invention and a straw cultivation method using this container, and intends to specify the present invention thereto. And other embodiments within the scope of the claims are equally applicable.

  With reference to FIG. 1, the cultivation container based on Example 1 of this invention is demonstrated. 1 is a perspective view of the cultivation container according to Example 1 of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the cultivation container of FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the cultivation container 1 includes a main body container 2 having an open top and a bottom, and a lid 3 that is detachably attached to the opening of the main body container 2. The main body container 2 is made of a light-impermeable material, and the lid 3 is made of a light-transmissive material.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the main body container 2 has a substantially circular bottom 2a having a predetermined area, and a body 2b erected at a predetermined height upward from the outer periphery of the bottom 2a. It has a shoulder part 2c at the upper end of the trunk part, a neck part 2d extending upward from the shoulder part, and an opening 2e at the upper end of the neck part, and the diameter of the neck part 2d is smaller than the diameter of the trunk part 2b, It is made of a light-impermeable material. The main body container 2 is made of a light-impermeable material and has a light shielding rate of approximately 100% or a value close thereto. The main body container 2 is formed of a durable material such as a synthetic resin material such as polypropylene, acrylic, or glass. By forming with such a material, reuse becomes possible, without throwing away like the conventional cultivation bag. The main body container 2 is filled with a mixed material in which a medium mainly composed of sawdust, rice bran, and bran, a nutrient, and water are mixed at a predetermined ratio.

  The main body container 2 has an overall height H1, a body height H2, a shoulder height H3, a neck height H4 and a bottom diameter W1, and an opening diameter W2 shown in FIG. Is 130 mm, H2 is 100 mm, H3 is 15 mm, H4 is 15 mm, W1 is 100 mm, and W2 is 80 mm.

  The main body container 2 is a cylindrical body in which the body 2b has the same diameter. By adopting this shape, the main body containers 2 can be arranged adjacent to each other when they are cultivated, so that the arrangement space can be saved. Further, since the diameter of the neck portion 2d is smaller than the diameter of the trunk portion 2b, a gap is formed between the adjacent main body containers and between the lid bodies. It is possible to automate mounting and dismounting. The main body container 2 may have an arbitrary shape, for example, a box shape.

  The main body container 2 is formed of a light-impermeable material and has a light shielding rate of about 100% or a value close thereto, so that light from the outside is shielded. For example, in shiitake cultivation, The primordium formation of the medium is suppressed. For this reason, since adhesion of the primordial to the inner wall surface of the main body container 2 is suppressed during the mycelia culture, scraping of the used medium is facilitated. At the same time, the inside of the container can be easily cleaned and reused.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the lid 3 has a ceiling wall 3 a that covers the opening 2 e of the main body container, and a side wall portion 3 b that hangs a predetermined length from the periphery of the ceiling wall and covers the neck 2 d of the main body container 2. An opening 31 having a predetermined size is formed in the approximate center of the ceiling wall 3a, and is formed of a light transmissive material. Since the lid 3 is made of a light transmissive material, light is irradiated from the lid 3 to the opening 2e portion of the main body container 2. A filter 4 made of a porous sheet that prevents invasion of various germs and has a plurality of air-permeable micropores is fixed to the opening 31. The filter 4 functions to supply oxygen into the cultivation container 1 and to release gas from the inside to the outside. Note that a gap 32 may be formed on the inner wall surface of the side wall 3b to provide this function.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 3, the shiitake cultivation method using this cultivation container is demonstrated. FIG. 3 is a process diagram of shiitake cultivation.

  First, rice bran is mixed as a nutrient to a predetermined amount of sawdust, and a predetermined amount of water is added to adjust the medium (step I). The adjusted medium is filled to the vicinity of the opening of the main body container 2 and closed with the lid 3 (step II). Next, the cultivation container 1 filled with the medium is placed in a high-pressure kettle and sterilized or sterilized (step III). Cool after sterilization (step IV). Then, it conveys to a clean room, removes the cover body 3 from the main body container 2 in this clean room, and inoculates shiitake inoculum from the top (process V). By this inoculation, shiitake inoculum is inoculated into the medium. After the inoculation, the opening 2e of the main body container 2 is covered with the lid 3.

  Subsequently, it is conveyed to a predetermined culture room, and initial culture is performed in this culture room (step VI). In this initial culture, the inoculum is grown and propagated in an environment suitable for mycelial culture, for example, at room temperature of 18 to 20 ° C. and a humidity of 60% in a substantially dark state without irradiation with light. This period is about 30 days. Thereafter, aging culture is performed (step VII). In this ripening culture, an environment suitable for ripening culture, in particular, predetermined light is irradiated through the lid 3, and nutrient accumulation is performed in about 60 to 70 days. In this aging process, hyphae begin to propagate in the medium. As a result, the formation of the primordium is promoted on the upper surface of the medium, and the surface becomes brown.

  After this ripening culture is completed, the lid 3 is removed and wrinkles are generated (step VIII). In this generation process, wrinkles are generated and grown from the upper surface where the formation of the primordial group is promoted.

  The cultivation container 1 which has finished cultivation is reused. At the time of this reuse, the main body container 2 is made of a light-impermeable material and shielded from light, so that formation of primaries on the inner wall of the container is suppressed, and adhesion of the primaries is reduced and used. The medium can be scraped easily. As a result, work such as scraping is reduced and the reuse of the cultivation container is simplified.

  According to the shiitake cultivation method using this cultivation container 1, it can generate | occur | produce and grow easily, without applying many manual work like a prior art.

  Although the example applied to shiitake cultivation has been described in the cultivation container 1 of the first embodiment, this container is not limited to shiitake cultivation, and can also be applied to other rice cakes such as maiko and nameko mushrooms. Is.

  With reference to FIGS. 4-6, the cultivation container which concerns on Example 2 of this invention is demonstrated. 4 is a perspective view of the cultivation container according to Example 2 of the present invention, FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of the cultivation container of FIG. 4, and FIG. 6 is a top view of the cultivation container of FIG.

  The cultivation container 1A has a configuration in which the cultivation container 1 according to Example 1 and the culture medium cover 5 are combined. Therefore, description of the cultivation container 1 is omitted, and the culture medium cover 5 is described in detail.

  The culture medium cover 5 is inserted from the opening 2e of the main body container 2, has a circular shape with a size covering the upper surface of the culture medium, and is formed of a material that does not transmit light or has low light transmittance (see FIGS. 4 to 6). ). One to a plurality of apertures 51 are formed in the medium cover 5 with a predetermined regularity. This regularity is arranged in consideration of at least the interval at which the generated folds do not collide with each other or the size of the folds growing greatly, since the portion where the opening 51 is formed becomes the fold generation portion. Is done. The opening 51 has a substantially circular shape having a predetermined diameter. The size of the opening 51 is determined by the type of ridge. For example, in the case of shiitake mushrooms, the diameter of the circular aperture is preferably about 1.0 mm to 5.0 mm. If it exceeds 5.0 mm, the rate at which a plurality of shiitake mushrooms are generated from the opening is increased. In addition, other persimmons, maiko, and nameko persimmons are formed with large apertures.

  The medium cover 5 is formed of a thin film-like sheet having low light impermeability or low light transmittance. In order to reduce the light transmittance, it is preferable to mix 5% or more of a black pigment in a transparent plastic film material such as polyethylene. Below this, for example, about 1%, the effect of specifying the site is reduced. The medium cover 5 can be manufactured by mixing this amount of pigment, so that the material cost can be reduced. The medium cover 5 may be formed of a biodegradable film material. When this material is used, the used cover can be left as it is or buried in the soil for disposal. Furthermore, a nonwoven fabric or a paper material may be used. Furthermore, the medium cover 5 may be formed not only with a thin sheet but also with a plate-like body having a predetermined thickness, for example, a thickness of 1.00 to 5.00 mm. The plate material may be wood. When it is made of a plate-like material, durability is increased and reuse becomes possible.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 7, the shiitake cultivation method using this cultivation container is demonstrated. FIG. 7 is a process diagram of shiitake cultivation.

  First, rice bran is mixed as a nutrient to a predetermined amount of sawdust, and a predetermined amount of water is added to adjust the medium (step I). The adjusted medium is filled up to the vicinity of the substantially opening of the main body container 2, and the upper surface of the medium is covered with the medium cover 5 and closed with the lid 3 (step II). Next, the cultivation container 1 filled with the medium is placed in a high-pressure kettle and sterilized or sterilized (step III). Cool after sterilization (step IV). Then, it conveys to a clean room, opens the cover body 3 of the cultivation container 2 in this clean room, and inoculates the inoculum of shiitake mushroom from on the culture medium cover 5 (process V). By this inoculation, the inoculum of shiitake mushroom is inoculated into the medium through the hole 51 of the medium cover. In this step, the culture medium cover 5 is covered with the upper surface of the culture medium in Step II, but it may be covered before and after Step V without being covered in this step. In this case, the culture medium cover 5 needs to be sterilized in advance.

  Subsequently, it is conveyed to a predetermined culture room, and initial culture is performed in this culture room (step VI). In this initial culture, the inoculum is grown and propagated in an environment suitable for mycelial culture, for example, at room temperature of 18 to 20 ° C. and a humidity of 60% in a substantially dark state without irradiation with light. This period is about 30 days. Thereafter, aging culture is performed (step VII). In this aging culture, an environment suitable for aging culture, in particular, predetermined light is irradiated to the medium cover 5 through the lid 3, and nutrient accumulation is performed on the medium for about 60 to 70 days. In this ripening step, mycelia begin to grow in the medium, but the light required for the formation of the cocoon base in the cultivation container 1 hits the opening 51 of the medium cover 5 and does not hit other places. As a result, the formation of the primordium is suppressed in a place where light is not irradiated, and the formation of the primordium is promoted in the medium exposed from the light-opened hole 51, and the surface thereof is browned.

  After this ripening culture is completed, the lid 3 and the medium cover 5 are removed to cause wrinkles (Step VIII). In this generation process, the generation site is identified and generated from the upper surface where the formation of the primordial group is promoted, and wrinkles are generated and grown.

  The cultivation container 1 which has finished cultivation is reused. At the time of this reuse, the main body container 2 is formed of a light-impermeable material and shielded from light, so that the formation of primaries on the inner wall of the container is suppressed and the adhesion of this primordial is reduced, Scraping of spent medium is facilitated. As a result, work such as scraping is reduced and the reuse of the cultivation container is simplified.

  In the shiitake cultivation method using the cultivation container 1A, high quality shiitake mushrooms can be produced in a well-balanced manner by arranging the cocoons in which the openings 51 are generated in the medium cover 5 at a distance that does not collide with each other. That is, it can be easily generated and cultivated without much manual work as in the prior art.

  In the cultivation container 1A of the second embodiment, the example applied to shiitake cultivation has been described. However, this container is not limited to shiitake cultivation, and can also be applied to other rice cakes such as maiko and nameko mushrooms. Is.

  If this cultivation container 1A is used, the removal and mounting | wearing of the cover body 3 from the main body container 2 can be performed easily. Therefore, a process involving removal / mounting of the lid is automated, and part or the whole can be automated. In this automation, for example, in Step II, a plurality of cultivation containers 1A are arranged and placed on a predetermined tray with the lid 3 removed, and a predetermined amount of medium is filled from the opening of each main body container 2. This filling is performed by, for example, placing a medium in a hopper and moving a nozzle connected to the hopper to the opening 2 e of the main body container 2. The medium cover 5 pushes a cover made of a plate-like body into the opening 2e. Steps III and IV are automated by moving the tray, and also in step VIII, automation is performed by the reverse operation of attaching the lid and the medium cover.

  With reference to FIG. 8, the modification of a cultivation container is demonstrated. FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view showing a modification of the cultivation container of FIG.

  The cultivation container 1B has a main body container 2B having an open top and a bottom, a medium cover 5B inserted into the main body container 2B, and a lid 3B that is detachably attached to the opening of the main body. The main body container 2B is different from the main body container 2 in that the horizontal cross-sectional area in FIG. 8 increases from the bottom toward the upper opening. Due to the difference in the configuration of the main body container 2B, the medium cover 5B and the lid 3B only differ in size, and the functions and the like are the same. The main body container 2B is made of a light-impermeable material, and the lid 3B is made of a light-transmissive material. The culture medium cover 5B is formed of a material that has one or a plurality of apertures and is light-impermeable or has a low light transmittance. According to this cultivation container 1B, since the upper opening area is expanded, the generation | occurrence | production number of a cocoon can be increased. Further, the used medium can be easily scraped by turning the main body container 2B upside down.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a cultivation container according to Example 1 of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the cultivation container of FIG. FIG. 3 is a process diagram of shiitake cultivation using the cultivation container of FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a cultivation container according to Example 2 of the present invention. FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of the cultivation container of FIG. 6 is a top view of the cultivation container of FIG. FIG. 7 is a process diagram of shiitake cultivation using the cultivation container of FIG. It is the disassembled perspective view which showed the modification of the cultivation container of FIG. 1, FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1, 1A, 1B Cultivation container 2, 2B Main body container 3, 3B Lid 4 Filter 5, 5B Medium cover 51 Opening

Claims (9)

In a cultivation container having a body container with an open top and a bottom, and a lid that is detachably attached to the opening and closes the opening,
The main body container is formed of a light-impermeable material, and the lid is formed of a light-transmissive material,
The cultivation container characterized in that the opening of the main body container is closed with a fine gap in the lid.   The cultivation container according to claim 1, wherein the main body container is formed of a bottomed cylindrical body having an opening area larger than a bottom area of the bottom portion.   The lid is formed with an opening of a predetermined size, and the opening is covered with a filter made of a porous sheet having a plurality of air-permeable porous holes that prevent invasion of various bacteria. The cultivation container according to claim 1 characterized by things.   When the medium is filled in the container, the main body container is covered with a medium cover made of a material that is not light-transmitting or having low light transmittance and has one or more openings on the surface of the medium. The cultivation container according to claim 1, wherein the opening is closed with the lid.   The cultivation container according to claim 4, wherein the openings of the culture medium cover are changed in size according to the type of straw and arranged with a predetermined regularity.   The cultivation container according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the culture medium cover is formed of a thin film sheet or a plate having a predetermined thickness.   The cultivation container according to claim 6, wherein the medium cover is formed of any one of a resin film, a nonwoven fabric, a paper material, and wood.   Using the cultivation container according to any one of claims 1 to 3, after filling the cultivation container with a culture medium, creating a fungus bed through regular sterilization or sterilization, inoculation, and culture steps, Cultivation method characterized by cultivating.   Using the cultivation container according to any one of claims 4 to 7, the medium container is filled with a medium, and the upper surface of the medium is covered with the medium cover. A cocoon cultivation method characterized by cultivating cocoons by creating a fungus bed through a process.

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