JP2019533027A - エポキシ樹脂組成物及びそれから作製された繊維強化複合材料 - Google Patents
エポキシ樹脂組成物及びそれから作製された繊維強化複合材料 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2019533027A JP2019533027A JP2019501926A JP2019501926A JP2019533027A JP 2019533027 A JP2019533027 A JP 2019533027A JP 2019501926 A JP2019501926 A JP 2019501926A JP 2019501926 A JP2019501926 A JP 2019501926A JP 2019533027 A JP2019533027 A JP 2019533027A
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、2016年10月21日に出願された米国仮特許出願第62/411,278号、及び2017年10月4日に出願された米国仮特許出願第62/567,990号に関し、並びにそれらの優先権の利益を主張するものであり、それらの両方の内容は、その全体があらゆる点において参照により本明細書に援用される。
[A]190〜260g/モルのEEW(エポキシ当量)を有する少なくとも1つのナフタレン系エポキシ樹脂;
[B]3つ以上の官能基を有する少なくとも1つのエポキシ樹脂;
[C]少なくとも1つのアミン硬化剤;
[D]少なくとも1つの潜在性酸触媒;及び
[E]少なくとも1つの脂環式エポキシ樹脂
を含むか、これらから本質的に成るか、又はこれらから成る。
成分[A]:[A]+[B]+[E]の100重量部あたり5〜45重量部
成分[B]:[A]+[B]+[E]の100重量部あたり15〜55重量部
成分[C]:[A]+[B]+[E]の100重量部あたり20〜35重量部
成分[D]:[A]+[B]+[E]の100重量部あたり0.2〜2重量部
成分[E]:[A]+[B]+[E]の100重量部あたり35〜45重量部
成分[F]:[A]+[B]+[E]の100重量部あたり10〜20重量部
成分[G]:[A]+[B]+[E]の100重量部あたり0〜100重量部
繊維強化複合材料の機械特性は、エポキシ樹脂組成物を硬化することによって得られるマトリックスの様々な特性に影響される。
<樹脂板の作製>
熱可塑性樹脂粒子、硬化剤、及び硬化触媒を除く所定量のすべての成分を混合物中に溶解することによって、混合物を作製した。次に、所定量の熱可塑性樹脂粒子、硬化剤、及び触媒をこの混合物中に混合して、エポキシ樹脂組成物を得た。エポキシ樹脂組成物を、2mm厚のポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)スペーサーを用いて厚さ2mmに設定した型キャビティ中に投入した。次に、エポキシ樹脂組成物を、オーブン中での熱処理によって硬化して、2mm厚の硬化された樹脂板を得た。
硬化条件
(1)室温から180℃まで、1.5℃/分の速度で温度上昇;
(2)180℃で2時間保持;
(3)180℃から210℃まで、1.5℃/分の速度で温度上昇;
(4)210℃で2時間保持;及び
(5)210℃から30℃まで、3℃/分の速度で温度低下
<硬化されたエポキシ樹脂組成物のガラス転移温度>
硬化された2mmの樹脂板から機械切削して試料とし、次にそれを、SACMA SRM 18R−94に従って、動的粘弾性測定装置(ARES、TA Instruments製)を用い、50℃から300℃まで5℃/分の速度で加熱することにより、1.0Hzのねじりモードで測定した。Tgは、温度−貯蔵弾性率曲線上において、ガラス状領域の接線、及びガラス状領域とゴム状領域との間にある転移領域の接線の交点を見出すことによって特定した。その交点での温度を、一般的にG’オンセットTg(G' onset Tg)と称されるガラス転移温度であると見なした。
<硬化されたエポキシ樹脂組成物の貯蔵弾性率>
硬化された2mmの樹脂板から機械切削して試料とし、次にそれを、SACMA SRM 18R−94に従って、動的粘弾性測定装置(ARES、TA Instruments製)を用い、50℃から300℃まで5℃/分の速度で加熱することにより、1.0Hzのねじりモードで測定した。試料に適用される歪みパーセントは、試験の開始時、50℃で試料に150±5g−cmのトルクが適用されるように調節した。貯蔵弾性率は、温度−貯蔵弾性率曲線上において、G’オンセット法で特定されたガラス転移温度後に発生する平坦域のゴム状領域を見出すことによって特定した。この場合、ゴム状領域全体に対する貯蔵弾性率を実質的に代表する275℃の決まった温度での貯蔵弾性率を取った。温度−貯蔵弾性率曲線上にゴム状平坦域が存在するかどうかに関わらず、275℃の貯蔵弾性率を取った。
<繊維強化複合材料の作製>
熱可塑性樹脂粒子、アミン硬化剤、及び潜在性酸触媒を除く所定量のすべての成分を混合物中に溶解することによって、混合物を作製した。次に、所定量の熱可塑性樹脂粒子、硬化剤、及び触媒をこの混合物中に混合して、エポキシ樹脂組成物を得た。作製されたエポキシ樹脂組成物を、ナイフコーターを用いて離型紙上に適用して、2枚の樹脂フィルムを作製した。次に、上述した2枚の作製した樹脂フィルムを、一方向配向炭素繊維の両側に重ね合わせ、加熱したローラーを用いて温度及び圧力を適用することで樹脂を含浸させて、一方向プリプレグを作製した。
<繊維強化複合材料のマイクロクラック耐性>
8枚の一方向プリプレグを、[902,04,902]構造に積層し、25℃及び75kPaの真空度で脱気した。次に、この積層体をオートクレーブに入れ、真空度は、オートクレーブが138kPaに加圧されるまで75kPaに維持した状態とし、この時点で真空バッグに通気孔をあけ、硬化の終了までその状態とした。オートクレーブ圧力が586kPaに達した時点で、温度を1.5℃/分の速度で180℃の温度まで上昇させ、120分間にわたって維持してプリプレグを硬化し、長さ300mm幅300mmの積層体を作製した。次に、温度を1.5℃/分の速度で210℃の温度まで上昇させ、120分間にわたって維持することにより、積層体を対流オーブン中で後硬化した。300mm×300mmの積層体から75mm(0°)×50mmの3つの試料を機械切削し、次に熱サイクルに曝露した。次に、0°及び90°の断面を研磨し、光学顕微鏡を用いてマイクロクラッキングについて調べた。試料は、繊維方向に対して直角であるクラックを実質的に有しない場合、マイクロクラック耐性試験に「合格」と判断された。試料は、繊維方向に対して直角であるいくつかのクラックが見られた場合、試料は、マイクロクラック耐性試験に「不合格」と判断された。
熱サイクル
(1)室温から−50℃まで、2℃/分の速度で温度低下;
(2)−50℃で10分間保持;
(3)−50℃から120℃まで、5℃/分の速度で温度上昇;
(4)120℃で10分間保持;
(5)120℃から室温まで、2℃/分の速度で温度低下;
(6)10サイクルが完了するまで1〜5の工程を繰り返す。
<原材料>
エポキシ樹脂組成物の作製には、以下の市販品を用いた。
炭素繊維:
“トレカ”T800S−24K−10E(登録商標、東レ製、繊維数24000、引張強度5880MPa、引張弾性率294GPa、及び引張伸度2.0%)
構成成分[A]:
“アラルダイト”MY0816(登録商標、Huntsman Advanced Materials製)
“エピクロン”HP−4770(登録商標、DIC Corporation製)
“エピクロン”HP−5000L(登録商標、DIC Corporation製)
NC−7000L(日本化薬株式会社製)
構成成分[B]:
“タクティックス”742(登録商標、Huntsman Advanced Materials製)
“アラルダイト”MY721(登録商標、Huntsman Advanced Materials製)
“アラルダイト”MY0610(登録商標、Huntsman Advanced Materials製)
“エピクロン”HP−4710(登録商標、DIC Corporation製)
構成成分[C]:
“Aradur”9664−1(登録商標、Huntsman Advanced Materials製)
“Aradur”9719−1(登録商標、Huntsman Advanced Materials製)
構成成分[D]:
“サンエイド”SI−150(登録商標、三新化学工業株式会社製)
“サンエイド”SI−180(登録商標、三新化学工業株式会社製)
構成成分[E]:
“セロキサイド”2021P(登録商標、ダイセル化学工業製)
“セロキサイド”8000(登録商標、ダイセル化学工業製)
“セロキサイド”8200(登録商標、ダイセル化学工業製)
構成成分[F]:
“Virantage”VW10700(登録商標、Solvay SA製)
構成成分[G]:
TN粒子(東レ株式会社製)
他の成分:
“エポン”825(登録商標、Hexion Inc.製)
“エポン”1001(登録商標、Hexion Inc.製)
表1に示す樹脂組成物を以下の様にして作製した。熱可塑性樹脂粒子、硬化剤、及び硬化触媒を除く所定量のすべての成分を混合物中に溶解することによって混合物を作製した。次に、所定量の熱可塑性樹脂粒子、硬化剤、及び触媒をこの混合物中に混合して、エポキシ樹脂組成物を得た。エポキシ樹脂組成物を、2mm厚のポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)スペーサーを用いて厚さ2mmに設定した型キャビティ中に投入した。次に、エポキシ樹脂組成物を、様々な硬化条件下でのオーブン中での熱処理により、条件1に従って硬化して、2mm厚の硬化された樹脂板を得た。樹脂組成物単独の測定された特性を表1に示す。
Claims (17)
- 成分[A]、[B]、[C]、[D]、及び[E]を含む繊維強化複合材料用エポキシ樹脂組成物であって、前記エポキシ樹脂組成物は、硬化後において、220℃よりも高いガラス転移温度、及び特定の方法によって定められ、前記ガラス転移温度よりも少なくとも35℃高い温度で測定されるせん断弾性率から特定される35MPa未満の貯蔵弾性率を有し、前記成分[A]、[B]、[C]、[D]、及び[E]は:
[A]190〜260g/モルのEEWを有する少なくとも1つのナフタレン系エポキシ樹脂;
[B]3つ以上の官能基を有する少なくとも1つのエポキシ樹脂;
[C]少なくとも1つのアミン硬化剤;
[D]少なくとも1つの潜在性酸触媒;及び
[E]少なくとも1つの脂環式エポキシ樹脂
を含む、エポキシ樹脂組成物。 - 成分[A]の成分[B]に対する重量比が、1:5〜2:1である、請求項1に記載のエポキシ樹脂組成物。
- 成分[C]が、少なくとも1つの芳香族ポリアミンを含む、請求項1に記載のエポキシ樹脂組成物。
- 成分[C]が、少なくとも1つのジアミノジフェニルスルホンを含む、請求項1に記載のエポキシ樹脂組成物。
- 添加される成分[C]の量が、成分[A]及び[B]の前記EEWを用い、モルAEW/EEW比が0.7〜1.3となるように算出される、請求項1に記載のエポキシ樹脂組成物。
- 成分[D]が、式(III)で表される少なくとも1つのオニウム塩触媒を含み:
請求項1に記載のエポキシ樹脂組成物。 - 成分[E]が、式(V)で表される少なくとも1つの脂環式エポキシ樹脂を含み、式中、Yは、単結合、O、C(CH3)2、CH2、又はオキシラン環である、請求項7に記載のエポキシ樹脂組成物。
- 成分[A]が、式I又は式IIで表される少なくとも1つのエポキシ樹脂を含み:
請求項1に記載のエポキシ樹脂組成物。 - 成分[B]が、トリス(p−ヒドロキシフェニル)メタンのトリグリシジルエーテル、N,N,N’,N’−テトラグリシジル−4,4’−ジアミノジフェニルメタン、トリグリシジル−m−アミノフェノール、及び1,6−ビス(2−ナフチル)メタンのテトラグリシジルエーテルから成る群より選択される少なくとも1つのエポキシ樹脂を含む、請求項10に記載のエポキシ樹脂組成物。
- 少なくとも1つの熱可塑性樹脂をさらに含む、請求項1に記載のエポキシ樹脂組成物。
- 少なくとも1つのポリエーテルスルホンをさらに含む、請求項1に記載のエポキシ樹脂組成物。
- 成分[G]をさらに含み、成分[G]は、平均粒子径が5〜50μmである熱可塑性樹脂粒子を含む、請求項1に記載のエポキシ樹脂組成物。
- 請求項1〜14のいずれか一項に記載のエポキシ樹脂組成物で含浸された強化繊維マトリックスを含むプリプレグ。
- 請求項15に記載のプリプレグを硬化することによって得られる繊維強化複合材料。
- 請求項1〜14のいずれか一項に記載のエポキシ樹脂組成物及び強化繊維を含む混合物を硬化することによって得られるエポキシ樹脂硬化物を含む、繊維強化複合材料。
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US62/567,990 | 2017-10-04 | ||
PCT/IB2017/001484 WO2018073652A2 (en) | 2016-10-21 | 2017-10-19 | Epoxy resin compositions and fiber-reinforced composite materials prepared therefrom |
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US20220033640A1 (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2022-02-03 | Toray Industries, Inc. | Epoxy resin compositions, prepreg, and fiber-reinforced composite materials |
WO2021043541A1 (de) * | 2019-09-04 | 2021-03-11 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Bandbeschleuniger und verwendung davon, fester isolationswerkstoff und anhydrid-freies isolationssystem |
BR112022010075A2 (pt) * | 2019-12-10 | 2022-08-30 | Huntsman Advanced Mat Americas Llc | Composições de resina curável e de resina reforçada por fibra, métodos para preparar uma composição de resina curável, para produzir um artigo compósito reforçado por fibra, e, artigo compósito reforçado por fibra |
US12053908B2 (en) | 2021-02-01 | 2024-08-06 | Regen Fiber, Llc | Method and system for recycling wind turbine blades |
CN114031894A (zh) * | 2021-11-03 | 2022-02-11 | 安徽众博新材料有限公司 | 一种碳纤维缠绕环氧树脂基复合材料及其制备方法 |
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RU2019114198A (ru) | 2020-11-24 |
CN109890866B (zh) | 2021-11-12 |
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EP3529294A2 (en) | 2019-08-28 |
EP3529294A4 (en) | 2020-05-20 |
WO2018073652A3 (en) | 2018-06-07 |
JP6943278B2 (ja) | 2021-09-29 |
KR20190070913A (ko) | 2019-06-21 |
EP3529294B1 (en) | 2022-05-18 |
CN109890866A (zh) | 2019-06-14 |
US10829633B2 (en) | 2020-11-10 |
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WO2018073652A2 (en) | 2018-04-26 |
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