JP2019529696A - 付加合成のための複合粒子を有するマルチマテリアル粉末 - Google Patents
付加合成のための複合粒子を有するマルチマテリアル粉末 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2019529696A JP2019529696A JP2019510332A JP2019510332A JP2019529696A JP 2019529696 A JP2019529696 A JP 2019529696A JP 2019510332 A JP2019510332 A JP 2019510332A JP 2019510332 A JP2019510332 A JP 2019510332A JP 2019529696 A JP2019529696 A JP 2019529696A
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Classifications
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- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
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- C09D11/102—Printing inks based on artificial resins containing macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions other than those only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
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- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
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Abstract
Description
− 一般に、組成物は粒子のスケールで得られるので、その貯蔵の間または使用の間に均質性および分離の問題が生じる、担持要素および付加要素の簡単な混合(第2による第1の機能化の代わり)を回避することによって、その実施を容易にするため;
− 材料の均質性およびこれらの粉末を形成する方法の再現性を実質的に改善するため;
− 粒内多孔性を防ぎ、これらの機能性粒子から製造された材料の特に有利な微細構造を得るため;
− 例えば、低融点の粒子を機能化することにより、高融点の担持粒子を機能化することにより、液相における焼結プロセスおよび拡散速度を促進するため。この例は、サーメットの製造に特に十分に適している;
− 噴霧によって生成されるコーティングの高密度化を改善するように固相における変形のプロセスを促進するため:特に、脆い担持粒子が、高密度で付着性の堆積を得るために必要とされる塑性変形を提供する延性担持粒子によって機能化されるコールドスプレーの場合を挙げることができる。
1μm〜100μmのメジアン粒径分布d50を有する担持粒子と、前記担持粒子に対して10〜1000倍低いメジアン粒径分布d50を有する機能性粒子とを含み、
前記担持粒子および前記機能性粒子がコア−シェル構造を有する複合粒子を形成し、前記複合粒子の各々は、
− 担持粒子によって形成されるコアと、
− 前記担持粒子の表面の10〜100%を覆い、前記機能性粒子の少なくとも1つの表面層によって形成されるシェルと
を有することを特徴とする、マルチマテリアル粉末を有することを目的とする。
− 一方では、このように形成された複合粒子の比表面積の増加、それによる、焼結の間の良好な反応性の誘導;
− また、粉末床の見掛け密度およびタップ密度の増加は、付加製造における粒子の融合の間の急速な高密度化に有利である。
− サーメットを製造するための金属、例えば、WC/Co、WC/Cu、WC/NiCr、TiC/Ni、B4C/Al、FexNy/Ni、Feα(N)/Niなどによって機能化されたセラミック粒子;
− 例えば、Ti/ZrB2、Ti/TiC、Ti/SiC、Ti/ZrB2/SiC、Al/SiC、Fe/SiC、TA6V/ZrO2、Al6061/TiC/WCなどのセラミックマトリクス複合材料(CMC)を製造するためのセラミックによって機能化された金属粒子;
− 合金、金属間化合物および擬合金の製造のための金属、例えば、W/Cu、W/Ni、Ti/Al、Ti/Al/C、Al/Cu、Al/Zn、Cu/Ni、Ti/AgCu、Ti/Mo、Mg/TiNi、Al/TiNi、Al6061/TiNi/SiCなどによって機能化された金属粒子;
− セラミック、例えば、ZrB2/SiC、Al203/SiO2、Si3N4/SiCなどによって機能化されたセラミック粒子;
− 機能性複合材料を製造するための金属、例えば、PA/Ag、PEKK/Ag、PTFE/Ag、PE/Niなどによって機能化された有機粒子;ならびに
− 有機材料、例えば、Fe3O4/PA、C/PEKK、Cu/PEなどによって機能化された金属またはセラミック粒子。
− 空気圧および/または油圧または機械的手段によって担持粒子を撹拌し、抵抗加熱を使用して担持粒子の温度を増加させるために、担持粒子の循環流動床反応器への導入;
− 機能性粒子の懸濁液の、有機溶媒および有機結合剤の混合物中での生成、次いで
− 反応器において、流動化の担持粒子上に懸濁液を噴霧することによる担持粒子上への機能性粒子のグラフト。
− 流動床反応器における温度の増加および維持による機能性粒子の熱処理。
− 担持粒子を反応器に導入し、粒子を機能化すること;
− 反応器において、0℃〜+150℃の温度、好ましくは10℃〜80℃の温度にて機械的作用によって担持粒子に機能性粒子をグラフトすること。
− 反応器を充填するためのダクト1、
− 反応器を空にするためのダクト2、
− 円筒形反応エンクロージャ3、
− サイクロン4、
− 多孔性プレート5、
− 流動化ガスを供給するためのダクト6、
− スプレーノズル7、
− 4つのコールドプラズマトーチ8、
− 粉末を循環させるためのダクト9、
− ガスを排気するためのダクト10、
− ホットプラズマトーチ11、
− プラズマガスの供給口12、
− 粉末の供給口13、
− 熱抵抗器14、
− 粉末床15。
− 円筒形エンクロージャ3、
− 以下:
− シャフト161、
− 圧縮部分162、および
− 締結軸163
から構成されるロータ16、
− 担持粉末と機能性粒子の混合物17、
− 冷却水を循環させるための二重シェル18、
− 冷却水の入口および出口のためのダクト19、
− 粉末を充填および取り出すためのダクト20。
10μmの粒径分布d50を有する炭化タングステン粉末を、0.9μmの粒径分布d50を有するコバルト粉末を使用して機能化する。
実施例1と同じ炭化タングステン粉末を、実施例1と同じ操作パラメータに従って、0.9μmの粒径分布d50を有する銅粉末を使用して機能化する。
40μmの粒径分布d50のアルミニウム粉末を、3.5μmの粒径分布d50を有する炭化ケイ素粉末を使用して機能化する。
50μmを中心とする粒径分布を有するコバルト合金粉末(ステライト)を、本発明による方法の第1の実施形態に従って、循環流動床に導入する。
実施例4と同じ実施形態に従って(本発明による方法の第1の実施形態に従って)、同じコバルト合金粉末が、5μmを中心とする粒径分布を有する銅粉末を使用することによって銅によって機能化される。
同じ実施形態(本発明による方法の第1の実施形態)および実施例4と同じ操作パラメータに従って、40μmを中心とする粒径分布(d50)を有する銅球状粉末を、図4Bに示すように、担持粒子の表面の95%より多くを覆うニッケルによって機能化する。
60μmの粒径分布d50を有するポリアミド粉末(PA)を、2μmの粒径分布d50を有する銀粉末を使用して機能化する。
図7Aおよび7Bは、圧縮/焼結により作製した複合鉄−銅材料の断面図としての顕微鏡検査を示す光学顕微鏡により取得した写真であり、一方では、鉄および銅の従来の混合物からの写真(図7Aに示す)であり、他方では、銅で機能化した鉄粉末からの写真(図7Bに示す)である。
− 粉末の混合物(図7Aに示す)から得られた微細構造の場合、構成物質の不均質な分布が示され、一方で、
− 機能化粉末(図7Bに示す)から得られた微細構造の場合、特定の微細構造が、均質な分散の鉄の粒子と相互接続された銅のマトリクスから形成されることが観察される。
Claims (14)
- 特に冶金およびプラスチック成形の分野に使用されるマルチマテリアル粉末であって、1μm〜100μmのメジアン粒径分布d50を有する担持粒子と、前記担持粒子に対して10〜1000倍低いメジアン粒径分布d50を有する機能性粒子とを含み、
前記担持粒子および前記機能性粒子がコア−シェル構造を有する複合粒子を形成し、前記複合粒子の各々は、
− 担持粒子によって形成されるコアと、
− 前記担持粒子の表面の10〜100%を覆い、前記機能性粒子の少なくとも1つの表面層によって形成されるシェルと
を有することを特徴とする、マルチマテリアル粉末。 - 前記機能性粒子が、100nm以上のメジアン粒径分布d50を有する、請求項1に記載のマルチマテリアル粉末。
- 機能性層によって覆われる前記担持粒子の割合が、0.8〜1、好ましくは0.9〜1である、請求項1または2に記載のマルチマテリアル粉末。
- 粒子のスケールでの機能性層の表面の総粗度Rtが、10μm未満、好ましくは0.1〜5μmである、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載のマルチマテリアル粉末。
- 前記担持粒子のメジアン粒径分布が、1〜45μm、好ましくは10〜45μmである、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載のマルチマテリアル粉末。
- 前記複合粒子が球状形態を有する、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載のマルチマテリアル粉末。
- 前記担持粒子が、金属、セラミックまたは有機粒子である、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載のマルチマテリアル粉末。
- 前記機能性粒子が、セラミックおよび/もしくは金属および/もしくは有機金属ならびに/またはホウ素、炭素、酸素および/もしくは窒素を含む群から選択される少なくとも1種の元素を含む粒子である、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載のマルチマテリアル粉末。
- 付加合成および/または噴霧による表面処理のための材料としての、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の粉末の使用。
- 請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の粉末を製造する方法であって、
− 循環流動床反応器を反応器として使用し、
− 空気圧および/または油圧または機械的手段によって前記担持粒子を撹拌し、前記担持粒子を加熱するために前記担持粒子を前記反応器に導入し、
− 前記機能性粒子の懸濁液を、有機溶媒および有機結合剤の混合物中で生成し、次いで
− 前記反応器において、前記担持粒子上に前記懸濁液を噴霧することによって前記担持粒子上への前記機能性粒子のグラフトを実施する、方法。 - 請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の粉末を製造する方法であって、
− 高エネルギー機械的破砕型の反応器を反応器として使用し、
− 前記担持粒子および前記機能性粒子を前記反応器に導入し、
− 前記反応器において、0℃〜+150℃の温度での機械的作用による前記担持粒子上への前記機能性粒子のグラフトを実施する、方法。 - 前記グラフトを実施する温度が10℃〜80℃である、請求項11に記載の方法。
- グラフトステップの後、循環流動床を使用した前記複合粒子の加熱および/または表面処理のステップをさらに含む、請求項10〜12のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記複合粒子が球状形態を有さない場合、ホットプラズマ流動床によって前記複合粒子を球状化するステップをさらに含む、請求項10〜12のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
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- 2017-09-08 RU RU2019104187A patent/RU2742029C2/ru active
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- 2017-09-08 WO PCT/FR2017/052396 patent/WO2018046871A1/fr unknown
- 2017-09-08 US US16/331,908 patent/US11111400B2/en active Active
- 2017-09-08 CN CN202210227202.4A patent/CN114733454A/zh active Pending
- 2017-09-08 EP EP21208294.5A patent/EP3974053A1/fr active Pending
- 2017-09-08 JP JP2019510332A patent/JP2019529696A/ja active Pending
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- 2017-09-08 BR BR112019003872A patent/BR112019003872A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
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Publication number | Publication date |
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WO2018046871A1 (fr) | 2018-03-15 |
KR102326418B1 (ko) | 2021-11-15 |
US20190194481A1 (en) | 2019-06-27 |
EP3974053A1 (fr) | 2022-03-30 |
MX2019002704A (es) | 2019-08-01 |
RU2742029C2 (ru) | 2021-02-01 |
US11111400B2 (en) | 2021-09-07 |
KR20190050981A (ko) | 2019-05-14 |
RU2019104187A (ru) | 2020-10-09 |
RU2019104187A3 (ja) | 2020-10-09 |
BR112019003872A2 (pt) | 2019-06-18 |
FR3055813A1 (fr) | 2018-03-16 |
CA3034169A1 (fr) | 2018-03-15 |
CN109689196A (zh) | 2019-04-26 |
EP3478402A1 (fr) | 2019-05-08 |
CN114733454A (zh) | 2022-07-12 |
FR3055813B1 (fr) | 2020-06-26 |
CA3034169C (fr) | 2024-02-13 |
CN109689196B (zh) | 2022-04-01 |
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