CN109689196B - 用于添加剂合成的具有复合颗粒的多材料粉末 - Google Patents
用于添加剂合成的具有复合颗粒的多材料粉末 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109689196B CN109689196B CN201780054756.6A CN201780054756A CN109689196B CN 109689196 B CN109689196 B CN 109689196B CN 201780054756 A CN201780054756 A CN 201780054756A CN 109689196 B CN109689196 B CN 109689196B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- particles
- functionalized
- support
- powder
- composite
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 239000011246 composite particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims description 16
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 16
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title description 9
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 title description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 152
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011258 core-shell material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 52
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011146 organic particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 14
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910000531 Co alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007306 functionalization reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910010380 TiNi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910007948 ZrB2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- VWZIXVXBCBBRGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron;zirconium Chemical compound B#[Zr]#B VWZIXVXBCBBRGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011153 ceramic matrix composite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005495 cold plasma Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010288 cold spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 2
- IYRDVAUFQZOLSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper iron Chemical compound [Fe].[Cu] IYRDVAUFQZOLSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001652 poly(etherketoneketone) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001347 Stellite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO2 Inorganic materials O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011195 cermet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005234 chemical deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni] VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AHICWQREWHDHHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium;cobalt;iron;manganese;methane;molybdenum;nickel;silicon;tungsten Chemical compound C.[Si].[Cr].[Mn].[Fe].[Co].[Ni].[Mo].[W] AHICWQREWHDHHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004320 controlled atmosphere Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000469 dry deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010981 drying operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010285 flame spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000383 hazardous chemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000007749 high velocity oxygen fuel spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007970 homogeneous dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000133 mechanosynthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013528 metallic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001120 nichrome Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007750 plasma spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940098458 powder spray Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011165 process development Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 pseudoalloys Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J13/00—Colloid chemistry, e.g. the production of colloidal materials or their solutions, not otherwise provided for; Making microcapsules or microballoons
- B01J13/02—Making microcapsules or microballoons
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J13/00—Colloid chemistry, e.g. the production of colloidal materials or their solutions, not otherwise provided for; Making microcapsules or microballoons
- B01J13/02—Making microcapsules or microballoons
- B01J13/04—Making microcapsules or microballoons by physical processes, e.g. drying, spraying
- B01J13/043—Drying and spraying
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
- B01J2/003—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic followed by coating of the granules
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
- B01J8/24—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/05—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
- B22F1/052—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles characterised by a mixture of particles of different sizes or by the particle size distribution
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
- B22F1/102—Metallic powder coated with organic material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/16—Metallic particles coated with a non-metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/17—Metallic particles coated with metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/18—Non-metallic particles coated with metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
- B33Y70/10—Composites of different types of material, e.g. mixtures of ceramics and polymers or mixtures of metals and biomaterials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/02—Printing inks
- C09D11/03—Printing inks characterised by features other than the chemical nature of the binder
- C09D11/037—Printing inks characterised by features other than the chemical nature of the binder characterised by the pigment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/02—Printing inks
- C09D11/10—Printing inks based on artificial resins
- C09D11/102—Printing inks based on artificial resins containing macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions other than those only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/10—Oxides, borides, carbides, nitrides or silicides; Mixtures thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J2219/0894—Processes carried out in the presence of a plasma
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2301/00—Metallic composition of the powder or its coating
- B22F2301/05—Light metals
- B22F2301/052—Aluminium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2301/00—Metallic composition of the powder or its coating
- B22F2301/10—Copper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2301/00—Metallic composition of the powder or its coating
- B22F2301/15—Nickel or cobalt
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2304/00—Physical aspects of the powder
- B22F2304/10—Micron size particles, i.e. above 1 micrometer up to 500 micrometer
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
本发明涉及多材料粉末,包括具有1μm至100μm的中值粒径分布d50的担体颗粒及具有相对于担体颗粒低10倍至1000倍的中值粒径分布d50的官能化颗粒。根据本发明,担体颗粒和官能化颗粒形成具有核壳结构的复合颗粒,每个复合颗粒具有由担体颗粒形成的核,和覆盖10%至100%的担体颗粒的表面且由至少一个表面层的官能化颗粒形成的壳。本发明还涉及制造该粉末的方法。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及制造用于不同领域(冶金、塑料加工(plasturgy)等)用于在添加剂合成技术和喷涂表面处理技术中应用的多材料粉末。
背景技术
就本发明而言,术语添加剂合成技术指可以通过粉末的固结获得三维物体的任何技术。具体地,可以作为非限制性实例提及的有:3D打印技术(SLM、SLS等)、注塑技术(PIM、MIM)、粉末喷涂技术(冷喷涂、D-枪等)及常规的压实/烧结技术。
目前存在作为多材料粉末的不同性质的粉末的混合物或者合金粉末,不同性质的粉末的混合物根据制造方法具有或多或少均匀分散的各组分,而合金粉末中,构成合金粉末的多种元素均呈固溶体和/或确定化合物的形式。用于合成这些粉末的方法是相对来说公知的。
尤其,喷涂熔融金属的技术可以获得具有球形形态的致密粉末。但是,通过该技术获得的材料是纯元素,或可混合元素的单相合金,例如,某些钢,镍、铝或者钛的合金。当今这些粉末构成用于添加剂制造应用的多数供给。
共研磨(机械合成)技术可通过在高能量下、辅以研磨珠紧密混合不同性质的粉末来制造多材料粉末,诸如美国专利US 3,816,080、US 3,591,362和US 4,706,894中所述。通过该方法,可获得具有宽组成范围的复合颗粒。但是,通过该实施方案获得的粉末的形貌和/或粒径分布不利于其在添加剂制造中的应用。此外,通过该技术获得的颗粒由或多或少均匀分散的各种组分构成且在表面上不具有官能化的核结构。
喷雾-干燥技术也可通过喷雾并干燥由粉末、溶剂和有机粘合剂构成的悬浮液来制造多功能粉末,诸如美国专利US 5,122,182、US 3,617,358和US 4,915,733中所述。由此通过悬浮液中存在的元素粉末的起粘合剂作用的有机粘合剂获得来自团聚体的复合颗粒。通过该实施方案获得的颗粒具有球形形貌。但是,颗粒的粒内孔隙以及有机粘合剂的存在使这种颗粒不适用于添加剂制造。对于该实施方案,可在喷雾/干燥操作后增加借助多种技术基于颗粒温度升高的去粘和致密化颗粒的步骤。然后,可以获得足够致密且呈球形的复合颗粒,该复合颗粒可以用于喷涂表面处理方法或添加剂合成制造方法。但是,由此获得的颗粒为由非均匀分散的各种组分形成的团聚体且不具有表面上的官能化的核结构。
此外,干燥沉积技术,诸如化学气相沉积(通常用首字母缩略词CVD命名)或物理气相沉积(通常用首字母缩略词PVD命名),也可用在用于合成多材料粉末的颗粒状基质上。然后,这些技术通常与可以实施使颗粒状基质处于运动中的装置(诸如流化床、旋转反应腔或震动板)的方法结合,诸如美国专利US 7,632,355中具体教导的。用这些方法可在颗粒表面获得沉积物。PVD技术高度受限,原因在于,PVD技术不能对细颗粒(直径小于100μm的颗粒)进行处理。对于这些合理的处理时间PVD技术在官能化速度方面也高度受限。如果考虑毒性及所用前体的成本,在多数情况下,CVD技术在技术上或在经济方面不具有优点。
最后,可通过如美国专利US 6,732,345、US 5,064,463和US 4,309457中所提及的湿化学沉积对担体颗粒进行表面处理来制造多材料颗粒。这种情况下,在颗粒表面可获得沉积物。但是,这些实施方案产生大量的对环境有害的排放且需要使用昂贵且危险的化学试剂,这使这些合成路径的工艺发展大大复杂化。这些技术可在颗粒尺度上联结不同材料。
但是,可能需要在颗粒尺度上不同材料联结的粉末,以实现并便于多种合金、假合金、复合物和金属陶瓷的制造。
发明内容
为此,申请人发明了一种可通过用颗粒状形式的添加剂元素来官能化颗粒或者担体颗粒的表面以获得复合颗粒从而获得层(strata)中的微观结构的方法。
能够拥有这样的复合颗粒的优点是多方面的:
-便于其实施,通过避免担体元素和添加剂元素的简单混合(不是用添加剂元素官能化担体元素),这种简单混合通常在储存和使用期间产生均匀性和偏析的问题,因为在颗粒尺度上获得组合物;
显著提高材料的均匀性及用于形成这些粉末的方法的再现性;
阻止粒内孔隙并获得由这些官能化颗粒制造的材料的特定优点微观结构;
例如,通过具有低熔点的官能化颗粒官能化具有高熔点的担体颗粒,便于液相中的烧结过程和的扩散动力学。该实施方案特别适合于金属陶瓷的制造,
利于固相中的变形过程,以提高喷雾制造的涂层的致密度:可以特别提及冷喷雾的情况,其中易碎的担体颗粒由易延展的担体颗粒官能化,易延展的担体颗粒提供为获得致密且粘着的沉积物所需的塑性变形。
更具体地,本发明因此的目的在于,包括具有1μm至100μm的中值粒径分布d50的担体颗粒和具有相对于担体颗粒低10倍至1000倍的中值粒径分布d50的官能化颗粒的多材料粉末,
所述粉末的特征在于,所述担体颗粒和所述官能化颗粒形成具有核壳结构的复合颗粒,每个复合颗粒具有:
由担体颗粒形成的核,及
覆盖10%至100%的担体颗粒的表面且由至少一个表面层的所述官能化颗粒构成的壳。
由至少一个表面层的官能化颗粒构成的壳所提供的优点具体在于:
-一方面,由此形成的复合颗粒的比表面积增加,因而在烧结过程中诱导更好的反应性;
–另一方面,粉末层的表观密度和振实密度的增加有利于添加剂制造中的颗粒融合过程中的快速致密化。
本发明中,假设根据本发明的多材料粉末具有数量分布,所要求保护的粒径分布范围对应于给定区间d10-d90。
就本发明而言,术语中值粒径分布d50(或中值直径d50)是指50%的颗粒位于该尺寸以下。
有利地,官能化颗粒具有大于或等于100nm的中值粒径分布d50,结果是壳具有大于或等于100nm的厚度。官能化颗粒的尺寸特别可以限制在纳米颗粒的使用期间与其毒性相关的卫生及安全问题。
优选地,由官能化层覆盖的担体颗粒的比例为0.8至1,优选地,0.9至1。
就本发明而言,对于多材料粉末样本,术语覆盖的担体颗粒的比例是指官能化颗粒的数量与总颗粒的数量的比例。该比例通过分析用显微镜拍摄的多材料颗粒的多个图像来确定。
覆盖的担体颗粒的比例大于0.9所提供的优点与在颗粒尺度上微观结构的均匀性有关。这确保担体颗粒确实全被以同样的方式官能化。该特征直接影响由粉末获得的材料的微观结构缺陷的不存在,因此也对其性能有直接影响;这也为其特征的重现性提供了严格的保证。
优选地,在颗粒尺度上官能化层的表面的总粗糙度Rt小于10μm,优选地为0.1μm至5μm。
粗糙表面通常包含被称为“峰”的表面微凸体和被称为“凹陷”的空腔。
就本发明而言,术语总粗糙度Rt指峰的最高点顶面和凹陷的最低底部间的最大落差。
在颗粒尺度上官能化层的总粗糙度通过分析用显微镜拍摄的颗粒的截面图来确定。
在颗粒尺度上官能化层的总粗糙度小于10μm所提供的优点与在官能化处理后可能变差的担体颗粒的流动特征相关。其实,在颗粒尺度上过度的总粗糙度导致粉末的流动性下降且使得其难以应用于粉末的流动特征为基本参数的添加剂合成和热喷涂技术中。另一方面,对于担体颗粒的给定的粒径分布和形貌,如果考虑到与总粗糙度相关的比表面的减小,接近于零的总粗糙度并非理想的。
有利地,所述担体颗粒的中值粒径分布d50为1μm至45μm,这些数值可分别对应于优选的1μm的d10尺寸和45μm的d90尺寸。
优选地,所述担体颗粒的中值粒径分布d50可为10μm至45μm,对应于特别适合于添加剂合成方法的特定粒径分布。
复合颗粒可具有形状因子大于1的不规则形貌,或者具有形状因子接近1的基本球形形态。
就本发明而言,术语形状因子指颗粒的被称为主轴的最大尺寸轴的大小与被称为副轴的最小尺寸轴的大小的比值。优选地,根据本发明的复合颗粒具有基本球形的形貌。
至于可用于本发明的框架的担体颗粒,具体可提及金属颗粒、陶瓷颗粒或者有机颗粒。
至于可用于本发明的框架的官能化颗粒,具体可提及陶瓷颗粒、和/或金属颗粒、和/或有机颗粒,和/或包括选自包括硼、碳、氧和/或氮的组的至少一种元素的颗粒。
至于根据本发明的复合颗粒,具体可提及:
由用于制造金属陶瓷的金属官能化的陶瓷颗粒,例如WC/Co、WC/Cu、WC/NiCr、TiC/Ni、B4C/Al、FexNy/Ni、Feα(N)/Ni等;
由用于制造陶瓷基复合材料(CMC)的陶瓷官能化的金属颗粒,例如Ti/ZrB2、Ti/TiC、Ti/SiC、Ti/ZrB2/SiC、Al/SiC、Fe/SiC、TA6V/ZrO2、Al6061/TiC/WC等;
由用于制造合金、金属间化合物和假合金的金属官能化的金属颗粒,例如W/Cu、W/Ni、Ti/Al、Ti/Al/C、Al/Cu、Al/Zn、Cu/Ni、Ti/AgCu、Ti/Mo、Mg/TiNi、Al/TiNi、A16061/TiNi/SiC等;
由陶瓷官能化的陶瓷颗粒,例如,ZrB2/SiC、Al2O3/SiO2、Si3N4/SiC等;
由用于制造官能化复合物的金属官能化的有机颗粒,例如,PA/Ag、PEKK/Ag、PTFE/Ag、PE/Ni等;及
由有机材料官能化的金属颗粒或陶瓷颗粒,例如,Fe3O4/PA、C/PEKK、Cu/PE等。
本发明的目的还在于使用根据本发明的多材料粉末作为能用于烧结成形技术诸如添加剂合成和/或喷涂表面处理诸如火焰喷涂、HVOF、等离子体喷涂或者冷喷涂的材料。
本发明的目的还在于用于制造根据本发明(第一实施方案)的粉末的方法,包括:
将担体颗粒引入循环流化床反应器,以通过气动装置和/或液压装置或机械装置搅拌担体颗粒,并使用加热电阻使担体颗粒温度升高;
制造官能化颗粒在有机溶剂和有机粘结剂的混合物中的悬浮液;
然后,在反应器中,通过将悬浮液喷涂在固体流态化的担体颗粒上在担体颗粒表面接枝官能化颗粒;
通过在流化床反应器中升温及保温对官能化颗粒进行热处理。
为了获得形成根据本发明的粉末的复合颗粒目的,在根据本发明的方法中实施的担体颗粒和官能化颗粒如上文所定义。
就本发明而言,术语循环流化床是指设有一方面可在其上部分捕获颗粒另一方面将这些颗粒再次引入其下部分的系统的流化床反应器。该反应器能以两相(固/气)或三相(固/气/液)模式运行。此外,还可在大气压下由冷等离子体火炬有利地辅助,以便例如促进诸如氮、碳、硼和氧等的杂原子的扩散处理。
本发明目的还在于用于制造根据本发明(第二实施方案)的粉末的方法,其中,采用为将官能化颗粒移植入担体颗粒表面而特意设计的高能机械反应器作为反应器。
在该实施方案中,该方法具体如下:
将担体颗粒和官能化颗粒引入反应器中;
在反应器中,通过机械作用在0℃至+150℃的温度,优选地,10℃至80℃的温度,在担体颗粒上接枝官能化颗粒。
为了获得形成根据本发明的粉末的复合颗粒的目的,在根据本发明的方法中实施的担体颗粒和官能化颗粒也如上文所定义。
有利地,根据本发明的方法可进一步包括,在接枝步骤后,使用如上定义的循环流化床对复合颗粒进行热处理和/或表面处理的步骤。
有利地,根据本发明的方法可进一步包括,在复合颗粒不具有球形形貌的情况下,使用热等离子体流化床对颗粒进行球化处理的步骤。
附图说明
当参考附图阅读为提供信息的目的以非限制方式给出的以下说明时,本发明的其他特征和优点将变得更加清楚,其中:
图1示出用于实施根据本发明的方法的第一实施方案的装置(流化床反应器)的框图;
图2示出用于实施根据本发明的方法的第一实施方案的装置(研磨装置)的截面的框图;
图3A至图6B为用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)拍摄的根据本发明的复合颗粒的相片;
图7A和图7B为用光学显微镜拍摄的示出由铁和铜的常规混合物(图7A)以及由用铜官能化的铁粉(图7B)通过压实/烧结制造的复合铁-铜材料的截面的显微照相照片。
图3A至图7B在后文中的实施例中评述。
图1和图2中示出的相同元件由相同数字标记标识。
具体实施方式
图1示出用于实施根据本发明的方法的第一实施方案的装置(流化床反应器)的框图。由下列元件组成:
用于填充反应器的管1,
用于清空反应器的管2,
圆柱体反应腔3,
旋风分离器4,
多孔板5,
用于提供流化气的管6,
喷嘴7,
四个冷等离子体火炬8,
用于使粉末循环的管9,
用于排出气体的管10,
热等离子火炬11,
等离子气供应器12,
粉末供应器13,
加热电阻14,
粉末层15。
图2示出了用于实施根据本发明的方法的第二实施方案的装置(机械装置)的截面的框图。由如下元件组成:
圆柱体腔3,
转子16,由以下组成:
轴161,
压缩部162,及
固定轴163,
担体粉末和官能化粉末的混合物17,
用于冷却水循环的双层壳18,
用于冷却水入口和出口的管19,
用于装载或者卸载粉末的管20。
还在以下实施例中更加详细地示出本发明。除非另有提及,在这些实施例中的所有的百分比和份额均以重量分数表示。
实施例
实施例1
使用粒径分布d50为0.9μm的钴粉末对粒径分布d50为10μm的碳化钨粉末进行官能化。
根据第二实施方案进行操作。
将重量比为80%WC和20%Co的粉末引入高能机械装置中。循环水冷却系统使得反应腔可维持在20℃。用氩气吹扫腔体以在惰性气氛下进行操作。调节压缩部的端部使其与腔体壁的距离为1mm至3mm。腔体壁被设置以4000rpm至6000rpm的速度旋转30min至60min的反应时间。测得的腔体内温度为50℃至80℃。由此获得的复合粉末,如图3A所示,由表面被钴颗粒官能化的碳化钨颗粒组成,钴颗粒覆盖超过90%的担体颗粒的表面。
实施例2
根据与实施例1中相同的操作参数,使用粒径分布d50为0.9μm的铜粉末官能化与实施例1中相同的碳化钨粉末。
由此获得的复合粉末,如图4A所示,由在表面上被铜颗粒官能化的碳化钨颗粒组成,铜颗粒覆盖超过60%的担体颗粒的表面。
实施例3
使用粒径分布d50为3.5μm的碳化硅粉末官能化粒径分布d50为40μm的铝粉末。
根据与实施例1中相同的操作参数进行操作。
将重量比为85%铝和15%SiC的粉末引入高能机械装置中。
由此获得的复合粉末,由图3B(截面图)所示,由在表面上被SiC颗粒官能化(形成大于1μm的层)的铝颗粒构成。
实施例4
根据本发明的方法的第一实施方案,将粒径分布集中在50μm的钴合金粉末(钨铬钴合金)引入循环流化床中。
粉末被气体流速为1000l/h至1500l/h的氮气流体化。粉末被加热到150℃至200℃的温度。通过使用喷嘴喷雾将被加入作为有机粘合剂的聚乙烯醇中的粒径分布集中在2μm的镍粉末的含水悬浮液引入流化床的腔体中。气压为3bar至8bar、流速为300l/h至700l/h的氮气作为喷雾气体。以0.8l/h至1.2l/h的流速泵送悬浮液。在喷雾操作结束后,将粉末加热至250℃至350℃的温度,该温度对应于去粘合的第一水平。
然后,粉末经受500℃至700℃的温度的扩散热处理。最后冷却并调节(condition)粉末。
由此获得如图5a(截面图)所示的被厚度大于2μm的镍层官能化的钴合金粉末。
实施例5
根据与实施例4相同的实施方案(根据本发明的方法的第一实施方案),通过使用粒径分布集中在5μm的铜粉末铜官能化同样的钴合金粉末。
在该情况下,通过使用作为有机粘合剂的聚醋酸乙烯酯制造铜粉末在有机溶剂中的悬浮液。在喷雾操作时,钴合金粉末在80至150℃的温度维持流化。随后官能化的粉末经受与上文所述相同的热处理。
由此获得诸如图5b(截面图)所示的由厚度大于1μm的铜层官能化的钴粉末。
实施例6
根据与实施例4相同的实施方案(根据本发明的方法的第一实施方案)及相同的操作参数,镍官能化粒径分布集中在40μm(d50)的铜球状粉末,镍覆盖超过95%的担体颗粒的表面,诸如图4b所示。
实施例7
使用粒径分布d50为2μm银粉末官能化粒径分布d50为60μm的聚酰胺粉末(PA)。
根据本发明的方法的第二实施方案进行操作。
将重量比为93%PA和7%银的粉末引入高能机械装置中。
循环水冷却系统允许反应腔的冷却。调节压缩部的端部使其与腔体壁的距离为1μm至3μm。腔体壁被设置为以3000rpm至5000rpm的速度旋转10min至30min的研磨时间。测得的腔体内温度为20℃至50℃。
由此获得的复合粉末,如图6A和图6B所示,由在表面上被银颗粒官能化的聚酰胺颗粒构成,银颗粒覆盖超过10%的担体颗粒的表面。
实施例8
图7A和图7B为用光学显微镜拍摄的示出了一方面由铁和铜的常规混合物(如图7A所示)和另一方面由被铜官能化的铁粉末(如图7B所示)通过压实/烧结制造的复合物铁-铜材料的截面的显微照相照片。
在基质中在700MPa的单轴向压力下预先压缩粉末。随后,在可控气氛中在1120℃烧结所得的片体。
具体地,图7A示出由这些铁粉末(d50为50μm)和铜粉末(d50为5μm)的常规混合物获得的材料的微观结构。
图7B示出根据与实施例5相同的本发明的方法的实施方案由铜官能化的铁粉末获得的相同材料的微观结构。
可直观观察到两个微观结构之间的显著差别:
–在由粉末混合物获得的微观结构的情况下(如图7A所示),可看到组分的非均相分布,而
–在由官能化粉末获得的微观结构的情况下(如图7B所示),可观察到由均相分散的铜颗粒互联的铁基质形成的特殊微观结构。
Claims (7)
1.制造用于冶金和塑料加工领域的多材料粉末的方法,
所述多材料粉末包括具有10μm至45μm的中值粒径分布d50的担体颗粒和具有相对于所述担体颗粒低10倍至1000倍的中值粒径分布d50的官能化颗粒,
所述担体颗粒和所述官能化颗粒形成具有核壳结构的复合颗粒,每个所述复合颗粒具有:
由所述担体颗粒形成的核,及
壳,所述壳覆盖所述担体颗粒的表面且由用于形成官能化层的所述官能化颗粒的至少一个表面层形成,
所述官能化颗粒具有大于或等于100nm的中值粒径分布d50;
所述官能化层覆盖的所述担体颗粒的比例为0.9至1;
所述官能化颗粒是颗粒状形式的添加剂元素;
在颗粒尺度上所述官能化层的表面的总粗糙度Rt为0.1μm至5μm;
其中:
循环流化床反应器用作反应器;
将所述担体颗粒引入所述反应器,以通过气动装置和/或液压装置或机械装置搅拌所述担体颗粒并加热所述担体颗粒;
制造所述官能化颗粒在有机溶剂和有机粘合剂的混合物中的悬浮液;然后
在所述反应器中,通过在所述担体颗粒上喷涂所述悬浮液在所述担体颗粒上接枝所述官能化颗粒以形成所述官能化层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,进行所述接枝的温度为10℃至80℃。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,还包括在所述接枝步骤之后使用循环流化床对所述复合颗粒进行热处理和/或表面处理的步骤。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,还包括在所述复合颗粒不具有球形形态的情况下,通过热等离子体流化床对所述颗粒进行球化处理的步骤。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述复合颗粒具有球形形态。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述担体颗粒为金属颗粒、陶瓷颗粒或有机颗粒。
7.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述官能化颗粒为陶瓷颗粒、和/或金属颗粒、和/或有机颗粒、和/或包括选自包括硼、碳、氧和/或氮的组中的至少一种元素的颗粒。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202210227202.4A CN114733454A (zh) | 2016-09-09 | 2017-09-08 | 用于添加剂合成的具有复合颗粒的多材料粉末 |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1658443 | 2016-09-09 | ||
FR1658443A FR3055813B1 (fr) | 2016-09-09 | 2016-09-09 | Poudre multimateriaux a grains composites pour la synthese additive |
PCT/FR2017/052396 WO2018046871A1 (fr) | 2016-09-09 | 2017-09-08 | Poudre multimateriaux a grains composites pour la synthese additive |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202210227202.4A Division CN114733454A (zh) | 2016-09-09 | 2017-09-08 | 用于添加剂合成的具有复合颗粒的多材料粉末 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN109689196A CN109689196A (zh) | 2019-04-26 |
CN109689196B true CN109689196B (zh) | 2022-04-01 |
Family
ID=58609450
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201780054756.6A Active CN109689196B (zh) | 2016-09-09 | 2017-09-08 | 用于添加剂合成的具有复合颗粒的多材料粉末 |
CN202210227202.4A Pending CN114733454A (zh) | 2016-09-09 | 2017-09-08 | 用于添加剂合成的具有复合颗粒的多材料粉末 |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202210227202.4A Pending CN114733454A (zh) | 2016-09-09 | 2017-09-08 | 用于添加剂合成的具有复合颗粒的多材料粉末 |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11111400B2 (zh) |
EP (2) | EP3478402A1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2019529696A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR102326418B1 (zh) |
CN (2) | CN109689196B (zh) |
BR (1) | BR112019003872A2 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA3034169C (zh) |
FR (1) | FR3055813B1 (zh) |
MX (1) | MX2019002704A (zh) |
RU (1) | RU2742029C2 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2018046871A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108705077B (zh) * | 2018-05-25 | 2020-07-17 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | 一种核壳结构铁包覆陶瓷复合粉体的制备方法 |
CN112639155B (zh) * | 2018-08-27 | 2023-03-14 | 东华隆株式会社 | 热喷涂皮膜的形成方法 |
LU101177B1 (en) | 2019-04-16 | 2020-10-16 | Delmee Maxime | Functionalized metal powders by small particles made by non-thermal plasma glow discharge for additive manufacturing applications |
US11633784B2 (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2023-04-25 | The Curators Of The University Of Missouri | Metal-ceramic composite powders |
KR102307862B1 (ko) * | 2019-07-10 | 2021-10-06 | 한국생산기술연구원 | 3d 프린팅용 메탈/세라믹 코어/쉘 분말 제조방법 |
KR102167881B1 (ko) * | 2020-05-07 | 2020-10-20 | (주)한미르 | 원료 압출 장치 및 이를 이용한 3d 프린터 |
CN112609146A (zh) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-04-06 | 安徽盈锐优材科技有限公司 | 一种焰流自反应生成硼化钼碳化钼涂层的等离子喷涂材料 |
KR102473151B1 (ko) * | 2021-07-08 | 2022-12-02 | 한국과학기술원 | 기능성 복합 분말의 제조방법 및 기능성 복합 분말 |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1859973A (zh) * | 2003-09-26 | 2006-11-08 | 巴斯福股份公司 | 通过在流化床装置中涂覆载体材料生产气相氧化催化剂的方法 |
CN102389095A (zh) * | 2011-10-14 | 2012-03-28 | 天津科技大学 | 低温流态化涂覆造粒制备酸味剂—油脂微胶囊系统及方法 |
WO2015054493A1 (en) * | 2013-10-09 | 2015-04-16 | Nanocomposix, Inc. | Encapsulated particles |
CN104870083A (zh) * | 2012-12-19 | 2015-08-26 | 强生消费者公司 | 无水粉-液颗粒 |
CN104909820A (zh) * | 2015-06-10 | 2015-09-16 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | 孔道均匀贯通的多孔陶瓷及其制备方法和用途 |
Family Cites Families (31)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3617358A (en) | 1967-09-29 | 1971-11-02 | Metco Inc | Flame spray powder and process |
US3591362A (en) | 1968-03-01 | 1971-07-06 | Int Nickel Co | Composite metal powder |
US3816080A (en) | 1971-07-06 | 1974-06-11 | Int Nickel Co | Mechanically-alloyed aluminum-aluminum oxide |
JPS5553017A (en) | 1978-10-16 | 1980-04-18 | Nippon Mining Co | Method of manufacturing multiple coating composite powder |
DE3525056A1 (de) | 1985-07-13 | 1987-01-22 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung eines mechanisch legierten verbundpulvers |
DE3802811A1 (de) | 1988-01-30 | 1989-08-10 | Starck Hermann C Fa | Agglomerierte metall-verbund-pulver, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung sowie deren verwendung |
JPH0394078A (ja) | 1989-06-23 | 1991-04-18 | Toyo Ink Mfg Co Ltd | 導電性粒子の製造方法 |
FR2657869B1 (fr) * | 1990-02-02 | 1992-05-15 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede d'isomerisation de paraffines normales en presence d'au moins un catalyseur a base d'une zeolithe omega particuliere. |
US5122182A (en) | 1990-05-02 | 1992-06-16 | The Perkin-Elmer Corporation | Composite thermal spray powder of metal and non-metal |
US5064463A (en) | 1991-01-14 | 1991-11-12 | Ciomek Michael A | Feedstock and process for metal injection molding |
RU2122926C1 (ru) * | 1997-03-05 | 1998-12-10 | Олег Домианович Нейков | Способ получения порошков, гранул и брикетов химически активных металлов и сплавов и технологическая линия по его осуществлению |
US20040052984A1 (en) | 1997-05-13 | 2004-03-18 | Toth Richard E. | Apparatus and method of treating fine powders |
HU222859B1 (hu) | 1997-05-13 | 2003-12-29 | Richard Edmund Toth | Színterelt anyag és porkohászati préspor szinterelt termékek előállítására |
JP3664384B2 (ja) * | 2001-02-13 | 2005-06-22 | 鹿児島県 | 微小金属複合中空球体およびその製造方法 |
FR2852972B1 (fr) * | 2003-03-25 | 2005-05-20 | Lifco Ind | Procedes de fabrication de particules metalliques revetues et d'un materiau composite et installation pour la mise en oeuvre de tels procedes |
RU2359662C2 (ru) * | 2003-08-22 | 2009-06-27 | Даниско А/С | Микрокапсулы |
US7332453B2 (en) * | 2004-07-29 | 2008-02-19 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Ceramics, and methods of making and using the same |
US7524351B2 (en) * | 2004-09-30 | 2009-04-28 | Intel Corporation | Nano-sized metals and alloys, and methods of assembling packages containing same |
CN101356116B (zh) * | 2005-12-06 | 2011-11-09 | Lg化学株式会社 | 芯-壳型纳米粒子及其制备方法 |
EP2079671A4 (en) | 2006-10-25 | 2009-10-21 | William Michael Carty | CONTROLLED DISTRIBUTION OF CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS IN CERAMIC SYSTEMS |
CN102341099A (zh) * | 2009-03-03 | 2012-02-01 | 什诺波特有限公司 | R-巴氯芬前药的持续释放口服剂型 |
JP5381220B2 (ja) | 2009-03-25 | 2014-01-08 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 絶縁物被覆軟磁性粉末、圧粉磁心および磁性素子 |
US8354138B2 (en) * | 2009-12-14 | 2013-01-15 | Chung-Shan Institute Of Science And Technology, Armaments Bureau, Ministry Of National Defense | Preparing method for coating PMMA particles with silicon dioxide |
FR2976831B1 (fr) * | 2011-06-23 | 2013-07-26 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Poudre d'un alliage a base d'uranium et de molybdene en phase gamma-metastable, composition de poudres comprenant cette poudre, et utilisations desdites poudre et composition |
US9643250B2 (en) * | 2011-07-29 | 2017-05-09 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Method of controlling the corrosion rate of alloy particles, alloy particle with controlled corrosion rate, and articles comprising the particle |
FR2982865B1 (fr) * | 2011-11-17 | 2014-08-22 | Mathias Montvernay | Charges encapsulees par des particules polymeriques fonctionnalisees |
AR094138A1 (es) * | 2012-09-20 | 2015-07-15 | Procter & Gamble | Composicion y metodo para elaborar microcapsulas secadas por aspersion |
CN104120317A (zh) * | 2013-04-24 | 2014-10-29 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种镁合金、其制备方法及其应用 |
US10040115B2 (en) | 2014-10-31 | 2018-08-07 | United Technologies Corporation | Additively manufactured casting articles for manufacturing gas turbine engine parts |
WO2016114189A1 (ja) | 2015-01-13 | 2016-07-21 | 三菱マテリアル電子化成株式会社 | 銀被覆樹脂粒子及びその製造方法並びにそれを用いた導電性ペースト |
JP6344263B2 (ja) | 2015-02-25 | 2018-06-20 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法 |
-
2016
- 2016-09-09 FR FR1658443A patent/FR3055813B1/fr active Active
-
2017
- 2017-09-08 CN CN201780054756.6A patent/CN109689196B/zh active Active
- 2017-09-08 CN CN202210227202.4A patent/CN114733454A/zh active Pending
- 2017-09-08 EP EP17771503.4A patent/EP3478402A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2017-09-08 WO PCT/FR2017/052396 patent/WO2018046871A1/fr unknown
- 2017-09-08 KR KR1020197006968A patent/KR102326418B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2017-09-08 US US16/331,908 patent/US11111400B2/en active Active
- 2017-09-08 CA CA3034169A patent/CA3034169C/fr active Active
- 2017-09-08 MX MX2019002704A patent/MX2019002704A/es unknown
- 2017-09-08 EP EP21208294.5A patent/EP3974053A1/fr active Pending
- 2017-09-08 BR BR112019003872A patent/BR112019003872A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2017-09-08 RU RU2019104187A patent/RU2742029C2/ru active
- 2017-09-08 JP JP2019510332A patent/JP2019529696A/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1859973A (zh) * | 2003-09-26 | 2006-11-08 | 巴斯福股份公司 | 通过在流化床装置中涂覆载体材料生产气相氧化催化剂的方法 |
CN102389095A (zh) * | 2011-10-14 | 2012-03-28 | 天津科技大学 | 低温流态化涂覆造粒制备酸味剂—油脂微胶囊系统及方法 |
CN104870083A (zh) * | 2012-12-19 | 2015-08-26 | 强生消费者公司 | 无水粉-液颗粒 |
WO2015054493A1 (en) * | 2013-10-09 | 2015-04-16 | Nanocomposix, Inc. | Encapsulated particles |
CN104909820A (zh) * | 2015-06-10 | 2015-09-16 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | 孔道均匀贯通的多孔陶瓷及其制备方法和用途 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
MX2019002704A (es) | 2019-08-01 |
KR20190050981A (ko) | 2019-05-14 |
CN114733454A (zh) | 2022-07-12 |
WO2018046871A1 (fr) | 2018-03-15 |
EP3478402A1 (fr) | 2019-05-08 |
BR112019003872A2 (pt) | 2019-06-18 |
FR3055813B1 (fr) | 2020-06-26 |
CA3034169C (fr) | 2024-02-13 |
JP2019529696A (ja) | 2019-10-17 |
KR102326418B1 (ko) | 2021-11-15 |
CN109689196A (zh) | 2019-04-26 |
EP3974053A1 (fr) | 2022-03-30 |
RU2019104187A (ru) | 2020-10-09 |
US11111400B2 (en) | 2021-09-07 |
US20190194481A1 (en) | 2019-06-27 |
RU2019104187A3 (zh) | 2020-10-09 |
CA3034169A1 (fr) | 2018-03-15 |
RU2742029C2 (ru) | 2021-02-01 |
FR3055813A1 (fr) | 2018-03-16 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN109689196B (zh) | 用于添加剂合成的具有复合颗粒的多材料粉末 | |
KR102297842B1 (ko) | 서멧 또는 초경합금 분말을 제조하는 방법 | |
CN110340371B (zh) | 一种颗粒增强钛基复合材料增材制造用粉末的制备方法 | |
CN110199043A (zh) | 用于增材制造的硬质碳化物粉末 | |
WO2019246321A1 (en) | Methods and compositions for the preparation of powders for binder-based three-dimensional additive metal manufacturing | |
Seal et al. | Manufacturing nanocomposite parts: Present status and future challenges | |
CN111876642A (zh) | 用于增材制造的硬质碳化物粉末 | |
US20240093336A1 (en) | Printable and sinterable cemented carbide and cermet powders for powder bed-based additive manufacturing | |
JP5176197B2 (ja) | アルミニウム液体を利用した硬質材料の作製方法及びその成形体 | |
KR101195066B1 (ko) | 질화물 강화 텅스텐 나노복합재료 및 그 제조방법 | |
CN109702187A (zh) | 一种石墨烯增韧的钨合金复合粉末及其制备方法和应用 | |
JP3948632B2 (ja) | 被覆高圧型窒化硼素焼結体及びその製造法 | |
Gowon et al. | The effects of sintering temperature on the densification of mechanically alloyed W-brass composites | |
Chen et al. | Effect of bimodal powder on densification and mechanical properties of 316L stainless steel fabricated by binder jet 3D printing | |
TW201039945A (en) | Intermediate for producing sintered metallic components, a process for producing the intermediate and the production of the components | |
KR20130076478A (ko) | 초경소재 제조를 위한 혼합 방법 및 이를 활용한 초경소재의 제조 방법 | |
Mendoza Jimenez et al. | Postprocessing of tungsten carbide‐nickel preforms fabricated via binder jetting of sintered‐agglomerated powder | |
KR100606328B1 (ko) | 고밀도 서멧트 소결체 제조를 위한 나노분말 처리 | |
Capus | Advances in powder metallurgy processing | |
Baytimerov et al. | Method of Producing Composite Powder EP648-Al 2 O 3 for Selective Laser Melting Usage | |
Mariani et al. | Binder Jetting‐based Metal Printing | |
WO2023201141A1 (en) | Cemented carbide powder for binder jet additive manufacturing | |
Indra | Powder production | |
CN116604014A (zh) | 一种金属碳化物核壳包覆的铁基复合粉末及其制备方法 | |
Meek | Tungsten heavy alloys |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
CB02 | Change of applicant information | ||
CB02 | Change of applicant information |
Address after: About boutheon andrest - France Applicant after: Fluid mechanics and friction Co. Address before: About boutheon andrest - France Applicant before: H.E.F. |
|
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |