JP2018506076A - 改良された透過率を有する近赤外線光学干渉フィルタ - Google Patents
改良された透過率を有する近赤外線光学干渉フィルタ Download PDFInfo
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title description 15
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Chemical compound [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 silicon oxide nitride Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910020286 SiOxNy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 5
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005477 sputtering target Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004297 night vision Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 description 2
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003466 anti-cipated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005566 electron beam evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000521 electronic sputter etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZKATWMILCYLAPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium pentoxide Inorganic materials O=[Nb](=O)O[Nb](=O)=O ZKATWMILCYLAPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium(5+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nb+5].[Nb+5] URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005693 optoelectronics Effects 0.000 description 1
- BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);tantalum(5+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ta+5].[Ta+5] BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052990 silicon hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- PBCFLUZVCVVTBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum pentoxide Inorganic materials O=[Ta](=O)O[Ta](=O)=O PBCFLUZVCVVTBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007738 vacuum evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/20—Filters
- G02B5/28—Interference filters
- G02B5/281—Interference filters designed for the infrared light
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
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- C23C14/0036—Reactive sputtering
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/0021—Reactive sputtering or evaporation
- C23C14/0036—Reactive sputtering
- C23C14/0057—Reactive sputtering using reactive gases other than O2, H2O, N2, NH3 or CH4
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- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
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- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/0641—Nitrides
- C23C14/0652—Silicon nitride
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/10—Glass or silica
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/14—Metallic material, boron or silicon
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- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/34—Sputtering
- C23C14/3407—Cathode assembly for sputtering apparatus, e.g. Target
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- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/34—Sputtering
- C23C14/3457—Sputtering using other particles than noble gas ions
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
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Abstract
Description
Claims (34)
- 干渉フィルタであって、前記干渉フィルタは、層スタックを備え、前記層スタックは、
少なくとも、
窒素が添加された水素化非晶質ケイ素(a−Si:H,N)の層と、
前記a−Si:H,Nの屈折率より低い屈折率を有する1つ以上の誘電材料の層と
の複数の層を備えている、干渉フィルタ。 - 前記1つ以上の誘電材料は、SiO2を含む、請求項1に記載の干渉フィルタ。
- 前記1つ以上の誘電材料は、亜酸化ケイ素(SiOx)を含む、請求項1に記載の干渉フィルタ。
- 前記1つ以上の誘電層は、酸窒化ケイ素(SiOxNy)を含む、請求項1に記載の干渉フィルタ。
- 前記1つ以上の誘電材料の層は、1.9〜2.7(それらの値を含む)の範囲内の屈折率を有する誘電材料の層を含む、請求項1に記載の干渉フィルタ。
- 前記1.9〜2.7(それらの値を含む)の範囲内の屈折率を有する誘電材料の層は、Si3N4、SiOxNy(yは、1.9以上の屈折率を提供するために十分に大きい)、Ta2O5、Nb2O5、またはTiO2を備えている1つ以上の層を含む、請求項5に記載の干渉フィルタ。
- 前記1つ以上の誘電材料の層は、SiO2層をさらに含む、請求項6に記載の干渉フィルタ。
- 前記層スタックは、800〜1100nm(それらの値を含む)の範囲内の通過帯域中心波長を有するように構成されている、請求項1−7のいずれか1項に記載の干渉フィルタ。
- 前記層スタックは、750〜1100nm(それらの値を含む)の範囲内の通過帯域中心波長を有するように構成されている、請求項1−7のいずれか1項に記載の干渉フィルタ。
- 前記a−Si:H,Nは、1%〜4%の水素および2%〜6%の窒素の原子濃度を有する、請求項1−9のいずれか1項に記載の干渉フィルタ。
- 前記層スタックを支持する透明基板をさらに備えている、請求項1−10のいずれか1項に記載の干渉フィルタ。
- 前記透明基板は、ガラス基板を備えている、請求項11に記載の干渉フィルタ。
- 前記層スタックは、透明基板の片側の第1の層スタックと、前記透明基板の反対側の第2の層スタックとを含む、請求項11−12のいずれか1項に記載の干渉フィルタ。
- 前記第1の層は、低域通過カットオフ波長を伴う低域通過フィルタを画定し、前記第2の層スタックは、高域通過カットオフ波長を伴う高域通過フィルタを画定し、前記干渉フィルタは、前記高域通過カットオフ波長と前記低域通過カットオフ波長との間に画定された通過帯域を有する、請求項13に記載の干渉フィルタ。
- 干渉フィルタであって、
前記干渉フィルタは、交互するa−Si:H,N層とケイ素系誘電層とを備えている層スタックを備え、
前記干渉フィルタは、750〜1100nm(それらの値を含む)の範囲内の中心波長を伴う少なくとも1つの通過帯域を有する、干渉フィルタ。 - 800〜1100nm(それらの値を含む)の範囲内の中心波長を伴う少なくとも1つの通過帯域を有する、請求項15に記載の干渉フィルタ。
- 前記通過帯域中心波長は、850nmである、請求項15に記載の干渉フィルタ。
- 前記ケイ素系誘電層は、酸化ケイ素(SiOx)層を備えている、請求項15−17のいずれか1項に記載の干渉フィルタ。
- 前記酸化ケイ素(SiOx)層は、化学量論的SiO2層を備えている、請求項18に記載の干渉フィルタ。
- 前記ケイ素系誘電層は、酸化ケイ素窒化物(SiOxNy)層を備えている、請求項15−17のいずれか1項に記載の干渉フィルタ。
- 前記a−Si:H,Nは、4%〜8%の水素および2%〜12%の窒素の原子濃度を有する、請求項15−20のいずれか1項に記載の干渉フィルタ。
- 前記層スタックを支持する透明基板をさらに備えている、請求項15−21のいずれか1項に記載の干渉フィルタ。
- 前記透明基板は、ガラス基板を備えている、請求項22に記載の干渉フィルタ。
- 交互するa−Si:H,N層とSiOx層とを備えている干渉フィルタを製造する方法であって、前記方法は、
ケイ素標的からフィルタ基板上にケイ素をスパッタリングすることと、
前記スパッタリング中、(i)a−Si:H,Nを堆積するための水素および窒素を含むプロセスガスと、(ii)SiOxを堆積するための酸素を含むプロセスガスとの間で交互することと
を含む、方法。 - 前記スパッタリングすることは、
負のバイアスを前記ケイ素標的に印加することと、
(i)前記水素および窒素を含むプロセスガスと、(ii)前記前記酸素を含むプロセスガスとの両方の中に不活性ガス成分を含むことと
を含む、請求項24に記載の方法。 - 前記不活性ガスは、アルゴンである、請求項25に記載の方法。
- 前記スパッタリングすることおよび前記交互することは、範囲800〜1000nm(それらの値を含む)内の通過帯域中心波長を有する干渉フィルタを製造するように構成されている、請求項24−26のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記スパッタリングすることおよび前記交互することは、750〜1000nm(それらの値を含む)の範囲内の通過帯域中心波長を有する干渉フィルタを製造するように構成されている、請求項24−26のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 干渉フィルタであって、前記干渉フィルタは、層スタックを備え、前記層スタックは、
少なくとも、
水素化非晶質ケイ素の層と、
前記水素化非晶質ケイ素の屈折率より低い屈折率を有する1つ以上の誘電材料の層と
の複数の層を備え、
前記1つ以上の誘電材料の層は、1.9〜2.7(それらの値を含む)の範囲内の屈折率を有する誘電材料の層を含む、干渉フィルタ。 - 前記1.9〜2.7(それらの値を含む)の範囲内の屈折率を有する誘電材料の層は、Si3N4、SiOxNy(yは、1.9以上の屈折率を提供するために十分に大きい)、Ta2O5、Nb2O5、またはTiO2を備えている1つ以上の層を含む、請求項29に記載の干渉フィルタ。
- 前記1つ以上の誘電材料の層は、SiO2層をさらに含む、請求項29−30のいずれか1項に記載の干渉フィルタ。
- 前記層スタックは、水素化非晶質ケイ素の介在層を伴わずに、1.9〜2.7(それらの値を含む)の範囲内の屈折率を有する誘電材料の層に直接隣接する少なくとも1つのSiO2層を含む、請求項31に記載の干渉フィルタ。
- 前記水素化非晶質ケイ素は、窒素を含む、請求項29−32のいずれか1項に記載の干渉フィルタ。
- 前記窒素を含む水素化非晶質ケイ素は、1%〜4%の水素および2%〜6%の窒素の原子濃度を有する、請求項33に記載の干渉フィルタ。
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