JP2018183186A - アデノ随伴ウイルスプラスミド及びベクター - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
政府支援への謝辞
本願は、国立衛生研究所(National Institutes of Health)により授与された助成金番号R01DK078388の下、米国政府の支援によって為された。米国政府は、本願に一定の権利を有する。
配列番号1は、未変異AAV9カプシドのアミノ酸配列である。
AAVバーコード-Seq
pAAV9-SBBANN2-BCは、AAV9カプシドのハイスループットな部位特異的突然変異誘発を容易にするよう設計された野生型AAVプラスミドである。pAAV9-SBBANN2-BCの合成に用いられる親プラスミドは、野生型AAV2プラスミドpUC620(Avigen Inc.)及びAAV9ヘルパープラスミドp5E18-VD2/9(Gaoら、2004、上記参照)であった。
試料におけるAAVゲノムを定量化するためのAAVバーコード-Seqの使用
AAVバーコード-Seqは、ウイルスゲノムが、試料におけるDNA分子の0.0001%未満のみを占め得るという特定の課題に直面する。結果として、試料に存在するウイルスゲノムは、配列決定前にPCR増幅される。
in vivoにおけるAAVライブラリーの分布を試験するためのAAVバーコード-Seqの使用
AAVライブラリー394を2匹のマウスに注射し、注射11日後に肝臓組織を摘出した。肝臓組織から抽出された総DNAからのPCRによりVBCをPCR増幅し、配列決定した。用いたAAVライブラリー(ライブラリーID394)は、遺伝的に同一であるが、別々の培養皿で合成された100種のAAV9ウイルス調製物の混合物から構成された。100種のAAV9クローンのそれぞれは、そのウイルスゲノムに取り込まれたDNAバーコードのクローン特異的セットを有するため、個々に同定することができる。AAV9の組成は、下表1に要約されている。各クローンの肝臓形質導入効率は、一方のマウスにおいて0.25の変動係数を提示し、他方のマウスにおいて0.42を提示した。モンテカルロシミュレーションアプローチにより解析すると、AAVライブラリーにおける8種以上の参照クローンを含むことにより、<0.05のp値による2倍の差(2倍の増加及び減少)の検出において殆ど0.8の検定力が達成可能であった(図7を参照)。
AAVバリアントのin vitro形質導入効率を評価するためのAAVバーコード-Seqの使用
HEK293細胞の集団に、105の感染多重度(MOI)でDNAバーコード化AAVライブラリー394を感染させた。ライブラリーは、示されているAAV血清型及びバリアントを含有した。結果を図8に示す。
AAVバリアントの血液クリアランスを評価するためのAAVバーコード-Seqの使用
AAV9が、マウスに静脈内注入すると、他の血清型と比較して特徴的な血液クリアランスの遅延を提示することが報告されている。加えて、AAV1は、血液循環から迅速に除去され、AAV2は、静脈内投与後の最初の30分間に非常に迅速に排出され、その後ゆっくりと排出される(図9A及び参照により本明細書に援用するKotchey NMら、Mol Ther 19、1079〜1089(2011)を参照)。
中和抗体AAVバリアントに対する反応性を評価するためのAAVバーコード-Seqの使用
無処置マウスと、AAVライブラリーID394の静脈内注入の3週間以上前にAAV9-CMV-lacZの1.0×1011ベクターゲノム(vg)の静脈内注射により以前に免疫化したマウスに、AAVライブラリーID394(表2を参照)を静脈内注射することにより、AAVカプシドに対する中和抗体に対する反応性を調べた。次に、AAVバーコード-Seqにより各AAV血清型又はバリアントの血中濃度を定量化し、AAV9の血中濃度に対し正規化した。結果を図10に示す。
AAVバリアントのin vivo形質導入を評価するためのAAVバーコード-Seqの使用
3匹のマウスに、1.0×1012vg/マウスの用量で尾静脈を介してAAVライブラリーID394を注射した。注射6〜8週間後に、様々な組織を摘出した。各組織試料から総DNAを抽出し、配列決定した。AAVバーコード-Seqは、高い形質導入効率を有することが知られたAAV8、AAV9及びAAVrh10が、AAVバーコード-Seqを用いても多くの組織において他の血清型と比較してより高い形質導入効率を提示することを明らかにした。同様に、AAV3は、低い形質導入を有することが知られ、この結果は、AAVバーコード-Seqを用いて繰り返される。
AAVバーコード-Seqにより評価されるAAV9カプシドにおける突然変異
AAVの原子構造が最初に決定されたのは、2002年におけるAAV2であった(参照により本明細書に援用するXie Qら、Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99、10405〜10410(2002))。それ以来、他の血清型、AAV1、AAV3、AAV4、AAV5、AAV6、AAV7、AAV8及びAAV9の三次元構造が、X線結晶解析及び画像再構築と組み合わせたクライオ電子顕微鏡により完全に又は部分的に決定されている(これら全て参照により本明細書に援用する、DiMattia Mら、Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun 61、917〜921(2005);Govindasamy Lら、J Virol 80、11556〜11570(2006);Lerch TFら、Virology 403、26〜36(2010);Miller EBら、Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun 62、1271〜1274(2006);Nam Hら、J Virol 81、12260〜12271(2007);Padron Eら、J Virol 79、5047〜5058(2005);Quesada Oら、Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun 63、1073〜1076(2007);Xie Qら、Virology 420、10〜19(2008))。
pAAV2R585E-SBBXEB-BCプラスミドヘキサペプチドスクリーニング
AAV2カプシドにおけるヘキサペプチドが、AAV1、6、7、8又は9カプシドに由来する対応するヘキサペプチドに置き換えられたpAAV2R585E-SBBXEB-BCプラスミドコンストラクトを含むAAVバーコードSEQを用いて、追加的なライブラリーを作製する(図2)。これらのプラスミドコンストラクトを用いて、AAVウイルス粒子を産生する。AAV2R585Eカプシド変異体のこのセットにより、AAV1、6、7、8及び9カプシドの低保存性の短いアミノ酸ストレッチの機能的重要性を調べることができる。ブリッジPCR技法を用いて、定義された位置におけるヘキサペプチド配列をあるものから別のものへと変化させる(図2)。
AAV2に末端ガラクトースの結合を付与する突然変異の同定
近年、2組の研究グループが、CHO細胞株、Pro5及びLec2を用いて、AAV9の一次受容体として細胞表面グリカンにおける末端ガラクトースを同定している(両者共に参照により本明細書に援用する、Bell CLら、J Clin Invest 121、2427〜2435(2011)及びShen Sら、J Biol Chem 286、13532〜13540(2011))。Lec2は、Pro5の派生体であり、シチジン一リン酸(CMP)シアル酸トランスポーターの欠損のため、その細胞表面グリカンにおける末端シアル酸を欠く(参照により本明細書に援用するEckhardt Mら、J Biol Chem 273、20189〜20195(1998))。これらの試験は、AAV9の表面結合及び形質導入効率が、無処理Pro5細胞と比べて、Lec2細胞及びノイラミニダーゼ処理Pro5細胞においてはるかに高いことを実証する。Lec5の形質導入の増強は、ガラクトース結合レクチンとの同時処理によって阻害される。ヘパラン硫酸プロテオグリカンは、AAV2の一次受容体であり、AAV2カプシドにおけるその結合モチーフが同定されている(両者共に参照により本明細書に援用する、Kern Aら、J Virol 77、11072〜11081(2003)及びOpie SRら、J Virol 77、6995〜7006(2003))。
Y484A/R485A
特に、Y484A/R485A二重突然変異は、末端ガラクトースに結合する能力を欠くが、AAV9よりもはるかに高い効率で様々な細胞型に結合した。図17に示す通り、二重変異体は、親AAV9よりも60倍優れてPro5細胞に結合する。Pro5細胞のノイラミニダーゼ処理は、ウイルスの結合を損なわなかった。
肝臓への組織形質導入に影響を与えるAAV9カプシドアミノ酸突然変異の同定
総計3匹の成体雄マウスに、DNAバーコード化AAV9変異体ライブラリーID401、406及び407を静脈内注射した。次の12種の組織;脳、心臓、肺、肝臓、腎臓、脾臓、腸、膵臓、精巣、筋肉、脂肪及び皮膚、注射6〜8週間後。各組織から総DNAを抽出し、AAVバーコード-Seq解析に付した。表3は、二重アラニン変異体のためのAAV9変異体ライブラリーID#401、406、407の組成を示し、二重変異体の各セットの2種のクローンが含まれている。
Claims (11)
- L380、T381、L382、N383、I440、D441、Y446、L447、T450、I451、V465、P468、S469、N470、M471、Q474、G475、Y484、R485、E500、F501、W503、P504、G505、R514、N515、S516、L517及びQ590のうち少なくとも1つにおける突然変異を更に含む、配列番号1又はその断片のアミノ酸配列を有するタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド
を含む、アデノ随伴ウイルスプラスミド。 - 突然変異が、I451、V465、P468、S469、N470、M471、G475、Y484、E500、F501、N515及びL517のうち少なくとも1つにおけるものである、請求項1に記載のアデノ随伴ウイルスプラスミド。
- 突然変異が、Y484A及びR485Aのうち少なくとも1つである、請求項1に記載のアデノ随伴ウイルスプラスミド。
- 突然変異が、ウイルスカプシドタンパク質に存する、請求項1に記載のアデノ随伴ウイルスプラスミド。
- Q464、A467、D469、I470、R471、D472、S474、Y500、S501及びD514のうち少なくとも1つにおける突然変異を更に含む、配列番号4又はその断片のアミノ酸配列を有するタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド
を含む、アデノ随伴ウイルスプラスミド。 - 突然変異が、Q464R、Q464V、A467P、D469G、D469T、I470M、R471A、R471S、D472V、D472E、D472N、S474P、S474A、S474G、Y500E、S501F及びD514Rのうち少なくとも1つである、請求項5に記載のアデノ随伴ウイルスプラスミド。
- ポリヌクレオチドが、配列番号5、配列番号6、配列番号7、配列番号8、配列番号9、配列番号10、配列番号11、配列番号12、配列番号13、配列番号14、配列番号15、配列番号16、配列番号18、配列番号19、配列番号20、配列番号21、配列番号23、配列番号24、及び配列番号25のうち少なくとも1つから選択されるアミノ酸配列を有するタンパク質をコードする、請求項6に記載のプラスミド。
- 突然変異が、ウイルスカプシドタンパク質に存する、請求項5に記載のアデノ随伴ウイルスプラスミド。
- ポリヌクレオチドが、追加的なアミノ酸における突然変異を含むタンパク質をコードする、請求項1に記載のプラスミド。
- 請求項1〜9に記載のプラスミドのいずれかに由来するアデノ随伴ウイルスベクター。
- 有効量の請求項10に記載のアデノ随伴ウイルスベクターを被験体に投与するステップであって、アデノ随伴ウイルスベクターが、対象とするタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチドを含む、前記ステップ
を含む、対象とするタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチドを、被験体における組織へと送達する方法。
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EP3470523A1 (en) | 2019-04-17 |
WO2013170078A1 (en) | 2013-11-14 |
EP2847337A1 (en) | 2015-03-18 |
JP6921788B2 (ja) | 2021-08-18 |
US20150126588A1 (en) | 2015-05-07 |
EP2847337A4 (en) | 2016-04-27 |
JP6385920B2 (ja) | 2018-09-05 |
US9677088B2 (en) | 2017-06-13 |
JP2015517308A (ja) | 2015-06-22 |
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