JP2018167218A - ハニカム構造体 - Google Patents
ハニカム構造体 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2018167218A JP2018167218A JP2017068344A JP2017068344A JP2018167218A JP 2018167218 A JP2018167218 A JP 2018167218A JP 2017068344 A JP2017068344 A JP 2017068344A JP 2017068344 A JP2017068344 A JP 2017068344A JP 2018167218 A JP2018167218 A JP 2018167218A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- cell
- honeycomb structure
- porous material
- partition walls
- cells
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 abstract description 39
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 abstract description 20
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 50
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 7
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 6
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
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- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000505 Al2TiO5 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002276 dielectric drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- AABBHSMFGKYLKE-SNAWJCMRSA-N propan-2-yl (e)-but-2-enoate Chemical compound C\C=C\C(=O)OC(C)C AABBHSMFGKYLKE-SNAWJCMRSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SBEQWOXEGHQIMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon Chemical compound [Si].[Si] SBEQWOXEGHQIMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002612 dispersion medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012784 inorganic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003465 moissanite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002459 porosimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009777 vacuum freeze-drying Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
【解決手段】セルの延びる方向に直交する断面において格子状に配設された多孔質の隔壁1、及び隔壁1を囲繞するように配設された外周壁を有する、柱状のハニカム構造部を備え、隔壁1は、突起部21を有し、セル2は、このセル2の延びる方向に直交する断面において、セル2内に突起部21が突出するように構成された特定セル2aを含み、且つ、特定セル2aは、セル2の延びる方向に直交する断面において、当該特定セル2aの周縁を構成する2つの隔壁1を延長した際の交点Kと、当該2つの隔壁1に設けられたそれぞれの突起部21の底部A及び頂部Bの各2点とを結んで形成される五角形の面積に対して、交点Kを含む5〜50%の範囲に、隔壁1と同材質の多孔質材料が配設されている、ハニカム構造体。
【選択図】図3
Description
前記隔壁は、前記セル内に延びるように突出し、且つ、前記セルの延びる方向に連続して設けられた、突起部を有し、
複数の前記セルのうちの1以上の前記セルは、前記セルの延びる方向に直交する断面において、前記セルの周縁を構成するそれぞれの前記隔壁から、当該セル内に前記突起部が突出するように構成された特定セルを含み、且つ、
前記特定セルは、前記セルの延びる方向に直交する断面において、当該特定セルの周縁を構成する2つの前記隔壁を延長した際の交点と、当該2つの前記隔壁に設けられたそれぞれの前記突起部の底部及び頂部の各2点とを結んで形成される五角形の面積に対して、前記交点を含む5〜50%の範囲に、前記隔壁と同材質の多孔質材料が配設されている、ハニカム構造体。
本発明のハニカム構造体の一の実施形態は、図1〜図3に示すハニカム構造体100である。このハニカム構造体100は、柱状のハニカム構造部10を備えている。ハニカム構造部10は、多孔質の隔壁1、及び隔壁1を囲繞するように配設された外周壁20を有している。隔壁1は、第一端面11から第二端面12まで延びる流体の流路となる複数のセル2を取り囲むように、当該セル2の延びる方向に直交する断面において格子状に配設されている。隔壁1は、セル2内に延びるように突出し、且つ、セル2の延びる方向に連続して設けられた、突起部21を有している。そして、複数のセル2のうちの1以上のセル2は、特定セル2aを含んでいる。この特定セル2aは、セル2の延びる方向に直交する断面において、セル2の周縁を構成するそれぞれの隔壁1から、当該セル2内に突起部21が突出するように構成されている。更に、セル2の延びる方向に直交する断面において、当該特定セル2aの周縁を構成する2つの隔壁1を延長した際の交点を交点Kとする。そして、セル2の延びる方向に直交する断面において、交点Kと、上記2つの隔壁1に設けられたそれぞれの突起部21の底部A及び頂部Bの各2点とを結んで形成される五角形の領域(多孔質材料配設領域30)の面積を基準面積Sとする。このとき、ハニカム構造体100には、上記五角形の領域(多孔質材料配設領域30)内に、隔壁1と同材質の多孔質材料が配設されて多孔質材料配設角部31が形成されている。ここで、多孔質材料配設角部31は、多孔質材料配設領域30の面積である基準面積Sに対して、交点Kを含む5〜50%の範囲に配設されている。つまり、上記基準面積Sに対して、交点Kを含む5〜50%の範囲に多孔質材料が配設されて構成される部分を「多孔質材料配設角部」とする。即ち、突起部が設けられ且つ多孔質材料配設角部を有するセルが「特定セル」に該当する。
隔壁1は、セル2の延びる方向に直交する断面において格子状に配設されたものである。この隔壁1は、「格子状」に配設されたものであり、隔壁を構成する一の壁と他の壁の交点部分には角部が存在することになる。つまり、隔壁1によって区画形成されるセル2の断面形状は、突起部21が無いとすれば、例えば四角形や六角形などの多角形となり得る。このとき、上記多角形の頂点は、角を有する(角が面取りされていない)形状となることを意味する。そして、本発明のハニカム構造体においては、上記格子状に配設された隔壁の所定の位置に、多孔質材料が配設されるという構成を有する。このような構成とすることで、上述の通り、排ガスの高流量時においても排ガスの流れに淀みが生じ難くなり、ハニカム構造体100の浄化性能の向上が達成される。
本発明のハニカム構造体は、複数のセルのうちの1以上のセルが特定セルである。この特定セルは、突起部が突出するように構成され、且つ、多孔質材料配設角部が形成された内側の空間(流体の流路)である。本発明のハニカム構造体は、特定セルにおいて排ガスの高流量時に排ガスの流れに淀みが生じることが防止され、触媒と排ガスとの接触性が高くなる。その結果、ハニカム構造体における排ガスの浄化性能が向上することになる。
外周壁20は、隔壁1を囲繞するように配設された壁である。外周壁20は、隔壁1と一体に形成したものであってもよい。
本発明のハニカム構造体は、ハニカム成形工程と、焼成工程と、を有する方法により製造できる。以下に各工程について説明する。
本工程においては、セラミック原料を含有するセラミック成形原料を成形して、流体の流路となる複数のセルを区画するように配設された隔壁を有するハニカム成形体を形成する。
次に、ハニカム成形体を焼成してハニカム焼成体を作製する。ハニカム成形体の焼成(本焼成)は、仮焼したハニカム成形体を構成する成形原料を焼結させて緻密化し、所定の強度を確保するために行われる。焼成条件(温度、時間、雰囲気等)は、成形原料の種類により異なるため、その種類に応じて適当な条件を選択すればよい。例えば、コージェライト化原料を使用している場合には、焼成温度は、1410〜1440℃が好ましい。また、焼成時間は、最高温度でのキープ時間として、4〜8時間が好ましい。仮焼、本焼成を行う装置としては、電気炉、ガス炉等を用いることができる。以上のようして得られたハニカム焼成体を、本発明のハニカム構造体とすることができる。なお、ハニカム構造体の製造方法においては、以下に示すような外周コート工程を更に有していてもよい。
本工程では、得られたハニカム焼成体の外周に、外周コート材を塗布して外周壁を形成する。なお、外周壁は、ハニカム成形体の作製時に、隔壁とともに一体形成により作製してもよい。外周コート工程によって更に外周壁を形成することにより、ハニカム構造体に外力が加わった際にハニカム構造体が欠けてしまうことを防止できる。
実施例1においては、まず、ハニカム構造体を作製するための成形原料を調製した。セラミック原料に、バインダ、界面活性剤、造孔材、水を添加して成形原料とした。なお、使用したセラミック原料としては、コージェライト化原料である、カオリン、タルク、アルミナを用いた。
作製したハニカム構造体について、以下のようにして、米国Fedral Test ProcedureのLA−4モードに基づく試験を行った。まず、ハニカム構造体の隔壁には、触媒(三元触媒)を200g/L担持させた。触媒を担持したハニカム構造体は電気炉を用い、950℃で12時間エージング処理を行った。次に、触媒を担持させたハニカム構造体を、排気量が2400ccの車両の床下位置に搭載し、LA−4試験を行った。LA−4試験においては、排ガス測定装置(HORIBA社製、型番「MEXA−7400」)を用いて排ガス成分ごとのダイレクトモーダルマスを測定した。また、代表的な排ガス成分としてHCの排出量を測定した。なお、この試験による排ガスの空間速度は、約10000(1/時間)(高流量)であった。
隔壁が突起部を有さないハニカム構造体に対して、隔壁が突起部を有しているハニカム構造体が、Bagエミッションにおいて有利となるためには、加速から2山目の前後のHC排出増加量(%)が35%以下である必要がある。このため、LA−4試験の判定を以下の基準により行った。
判定「良」:加速から2山目の前後のHC排出増加量(%)が35%以下である場合を「良」とする。
判定「不可」:加速から2山目の前後のHC排出増加量(%)が35%超である場合を「不可」とする。
判定「良」:1山目前後のHC排出増加量の割合が175%以下である場合を「良」とする。
判定「不可」:1山目前後のHC排出増加量の割合が175%超である場合を「不可」とする。
LA−4試験の判定に基づいて以下の基準により総合判定を行った。
判定「良」:加速から2山目の前後のHC排出増加量(%)の判定が「良」であり、1山目前後のHC排出増加量の判定が「良」である場合を「良」とする。
判定「不可」:加速から2山目の前後のHC排出増加量(%)の判定、及び1山目前後のHC排出増加量の判定のいずれかが「良」でない場合を「不可」とする。
表1、表3に示すように、多孔質材料の配設面積、多孔質材料配設角部の割合、及び、特定セルの割合を変えてハニカム構造体を作製したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にしてハニカム構造体を作製した。
表2、表4に示すように、実施例1〜21のハニカム構造体は、比較例1〜4のハニカム構造体に比べて、排ガスの浄化性能が高いことが分かる。
Claims (2)
- 第一端面から第二端面まで延びる流体の流路となる複数のセルを取り囲むように、当該セルの延びる方向に直交する断面において格子状に配設された多孔質の隔壁、及び前記隔壁を囲繞するように配設された外周壁を有する、柱状のハニカム構造部を備え、
前記隔壁は、前記セル内に延びるように突出し、且つ、前記セルの延びる方向に連続して設けられた、突起部を有し、
複数の前記セルのうちの1以上の前記セルは、前記セルの延びる方向に直交する断面において、前記セルの周縁を構成するそれぞれの前記隔壁から、当該セル内に前記突起部が突出するように構成された特定セルを含み、且つ、
前記特定セルは、前記セルの延びる方向に直交する断面において、当該特定セルの周縁を構成する2つの前記隔壁を延長した際の交点と、当該2つの前記隔壁に設けられたそれぞれの前記突起部の底部及び頂部の各2点とを結んで形成される五角形の面積に対して、前記交点を含む5〜50%の範囲に、前記隔壁と同材質の多孔質材料が配設されている、ハニカム構造体。 - 前記交点を含む5〜50%の範囲に前記多孔質材料が配設されて構成される部分を多孔質材料配設角部とするとき、前記セルの周縁を構成する隣り合う2つの前記隔壁の交点の総数に対する、前記多孔質材料配設角部の総数の割合が、50〜100%である、請求項1に記載のハニカム構造体。
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