JP2018066159A - Method of constructing slope face and sheet body used therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of constructing a slope face that eliminates soil spill due to rainwater or inflow water, prevents germination of unexpected weeds and trees, and can minimize administrative work such as maintenance inspections.SOLUTION: A sheet body 1 comprises a surface drain sheet 2 having water permeability as a whole made of a thick sheet produced by casting of fibers, and a herbicide sheet 3 with light blocking/permeability, the surface drain sheet 2 and the herbicide sheet 3 being overlapped and adhered to each other at a dotted or linear adhesive portion 4. The sheet body 1 is laid and fixed on a soil 6 of a slope face, with the surface drain sheet 2 side in contact with the soil 6.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

  The present invention relates to a slope construction method that occurs in expressway and residential land development, and more specifically, management work such as maintenance inspection to prevent weeds and fallen trees while stabilizing the topsoil of the natural ground as much as possible. The present invention relates to a slope construction method that can be eliminated.

  Conventionally, in the creation of expressways, toll roads and other general roads through mountainous areas, and the construction of residential land, the sides of the cut and embankment parts have sloped slopes. Therefore, vegetation was planted for the purpose of spraying mortar or improving the landscape.

  Slope greening methods mainly involve planting plants that are effective for greening in the sloped soil and planting them to grow the plants, but the soil was carried by bird droppings and wind. Since many kinds of plant seeds (flying seeds) are dropped, plants other than originally planned may grow. If left as it is, for example, if large trees grow, the safety of the road will be impaired by fallen trees. As the landscape and the landscape were damaged, it was necessary to monitor and mow these plants through regular maintenance work.

  However, in Japan, which is a mountainous country, the total length of slopes formed for expressways, railways, etc. is long, and it is a reality to monitor and remove unnecessary tree growth by maintenance inspection on all slopes. There is a method of greening with a climbing plant by spraying mortar, applying a herbicidal treatment on a slope, and applying a moss (for example, see Patent Documents 1 and 2).

  In addition, as a method of herbicidal treatment without spraying mortar, using a so-called herbicidal sheet excellent in light-shielding property, water permeability, etc., laying the herbicidal sheet on the ground, weeds by flying seeds and There is a technique for preventing the germination of a tree itself (see, for example, Patent Document 3), and there has been a method for causing a vine such as a cocoon to proliferate on this herbicidal sheet.

  On the other hand, in the case of the method of planting plants directly on the sloped soil, the soil may flow out due to heavy rain before planting or before plant growth, thus preventing soil runoff and weathering Various means have been considered. As an example, a sheet (topsoil protection sheet) formed by randomly entangled water-repellent fine fibers is laid on a sloped soil, and rainwater is contained in the topsoil protection sheet as a water conduit and the rainwater is soiled. There has been considered a means for preventing the soil from flowing out by allowing the topsoil protective sheet to adhere to the soil while flowing down without reaching (see, for example, Patent Document 4).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 08-020951 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 09-024461 Japanese Patent No. 2997211 Japanese Patent No. 2764222

  By the way, when mortar is blown directly on the sloped natural ground surface, water flows due to spring water or rainfall between the mortar and the natural ground, and the mortar is flowing while flowing or weathering the surface of the natural ground. There was a possibility that a mortar collapsed and a natural mountain collapse occurred in some cases.

  Moreover, also about the weedproof sheet like patent document 3, a clearance gap arises between the surface layer of a natural ground and a weedproof sheet, and a spring water flows through the surface layer of a natural ground in the clearance gap, and the back surface side of a weedproof sheet and soil There was a risk that a cavity would be created between the two and the soil would collapse further.

  On the other hand, with the topsoil protective sheet of Patent Document 4, it becomes possible to grow plants and plant green without the sloped surface soil flowing out, and if the predetermined greening can be achieved within 2 to 3 years, the surface layer of the natural ground will be Stabilize. However, when using greening plants that take a long time to grow, the topsoil protection sheet may rarely deteriorate before the plant grows due to ultraviolet rays or wind and rain, and the surface layer of the natural ground may flow out.

  Moreover, even if the topsoil protection sheet of the above-mentioned Patent Document 4 is used, in addition to the planned planting plant, various plants carried by bird droppings and wind, as in the case of planting a plant directly on the soil and planting the plant. Seeds are dropped, unplanned plants grow, the effects of fallen trees, etc., and the problem of damaging the landscape remain, regular maintenance work for weeds and tree removal is still necessary, such as the side of highways and railways On the slope, the distance was enormous, and maintenance inspection was not easy.

  In addition, the herbicidal sheet of Patent Document 3 described above can prevent germination due to adhesion of weeds and tree seeds to the slope, but not only does not meet the purpose of slope planting, but it is also simple soil. The surface of the soil is not suppressed by simply covering it with a sheet, but there is a gap between the weedproof sheet and the soil, and during heavy rain, the soil in this gap may float and the soil may flow out. For this reason, slope reinforcement (prevention of runoff) on slopes could not be used in place of slope greening, which is one of the purposes.

  According to the methods of Patent Documents 1 and 2, there is no soil on the slope or wall surface, and plant seeds other than the plant for greening do not adhere, so maintenance work is not necessary and greening can be achieved. However, since the vines directly cover the concrete surface, there is a risk that the concrete will heat up and the vines will die if the sun is outdoors.

  This invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and in the construction method of the slope that occurs in roads and residential land creation, etc. By spraying or spraying mortar on it, it is possible to eliminate the outflow of soil due to rainwater and spring water, and prevent unscheduled weeds and tree germination to minimize management work such as maintenance and inspection. It provides a slope construction method.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention of claim 1 is a surface drainage sheet having water conductivity as a whole, which is entangled with fibers to form a thick sheet, and a weedproof sheet having light shielding properties and water permeability. Slope construction characterized by laying and fixing a sheet body in which both are bonded in a dotted or linear part with the surface drainage sheet side contacting the soil on the slope soil Is the method.

  Further, the invention according to claim 2 is the construction method of the slope according to claim 1, wherein the mortar is sprayed from above the sheet body after laying the sheet body on the slope. Is the method.

  Further, the invention of claim 3 is the slope construction method according to claim 1, wherein the planting bag is set on the slope and then the sheet body is laid and fixed, and then the planting bag is fixed. Slope construction characterized by opening a hole in a covering sheet body and planting a vine plant in a planting bag and covering the slope with a vine plant extending outward from the planting bag through a hole Is the method.

  Further, the invention of claim 4 is a dot-like or linear shape in which a surface drainage sheet having water conductivity as a whole and entangled with a fiber is overlapped with a herbicidal sheet having light shielding properties and water permeability. The sheet | seat body used for the construction method of the slope of any one of the said Claims 1 thru | or 3 characterized by having adhere | attached both in the part which becomes.

  In each of the above inventions, the surface drainage sheet corresponds to that used as a so-called topsoil protection sheet shown in Patent Document 4, and as the weedproof sheet, the slope or A general herbicidal sheet having a light-shielding property and water permeability used for preventing weeds from growing in the soil may be used.

  In addition, the vine plant according to claim 3 includes, for example, a cocoon, but is not limited to this. For example, the vine plant is not limited to this, and has a purpose of revegetation such as long hanging down along the slope or tangling up the slope. It is not particularly limited as long as it is a vine plant to be achieved, and the planting bag is a bag body having a soil or the like in a portion where these vine plants are planted and rooted. Say.

  As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the surface drainage sheet and the weedproof sheet are not joined together, but are preliminarily fixed in a dotted or linear portion. Therefore, when laying in the soil with some unevenness of the slope mountain, the surface drainage sheet of the sheet body is not pulled by the strength of the upper grass protection sheet and does not float from the soil, the surface drainage sheet is It comes into close contact with the soil surface, and it is guided by the surface drainage sheet before flowing into the soil, and the thickness of the surface drainage sheet adheres closely to the unevenness of the soil surface. Therefore, it is possible to prevent soil from flowing out due to the presence of the gap.

  In addition, the surface drainage sheet drains the soil while adhering to the natural ground, and the grass protection sheet protects the surface drainage sheet for a long period of time while keeping a little gap, preventing the deterioration of ultraviolet rays. Thus, the long-term effect of the surface drainage sheet can be maintained.

  Furthermore, by placing the surface drainage sheet and the weedproof sheet as an integrated sheet body, the installation work can be done only once, and when the surface drainage sheet is stretched on the soil and then the weedproof sheet is stretched, the gap becomes too wide. And the construction time is longer and the need for extra stitches can be eliminated, and work mistakes such as stepping over the surface drainage sheet and tearing it off during the second weeding work are prevented. be able to.

  Next, according to the invention of claim 2, since the mortar is sprayed from above after laying the sheet body on the sloped soil, the grass prevention sheet becomes a barrier that the mortar enters directly into the gap of the surface drainage sheet. Therefore, even if the mortar cracks due to secular change or a hole occurs, the weedproof sheet directly under the mortar prevents the weed seeds from cracking. In addition to preventing entry, the surface drainage sheet adheres along the unevenness of the soil surface, leaving no space (gap) on the soil surface, and inducing moisture to flow downward, so that the soil and mortar collapse over a long period of time Can be prevented.

  Next, according to the invention of claim 3, after the installation of the planting bag on the slope, the sheet body is laid, and as in the invention of claim 1, the soil is prevented from collapsing by rainwater, It is possible to plant greenery while suppressing the undesired seeds (trees and weeds) that do not want to grow by flying seeds, etc. while improving the landscape of slopes by planting slopes with vines extending from the planting bag Therefore, management and inspection work such as fallen trees due to typhoons can be greatly reduced.

  In addition, unlike mortar, the herbicidal sheet does not become too hot even in midsummer, does not inhibit the growth of vines, and the range of greening plants including heat-sensitive plants is expanded.

  Moreover, if the sheet body of invention of Claim 4 is produced and prepared beforehand, it can be optimally used for the slope construction method in the said Claim 1 thru | or 3.

It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the sheet | seat body which concerns on this invention. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the structure of a surface drainage sheet. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the structure of the sheet | seat body concerning this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the construction method of the slope of this invention. It is sectional drawing same as the above. It is sectional drawing same as the above. It is sectional drawing which shows 2nd Embodiment of the construction method of the slope of this invention. It is sectional drawing same as the above. It is sectional drawing which shows 3rd Embodiment of the construction method of the slope of this invention. It is sectional drawing same as the above. It is sectional drawing same as the above.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
First, the sheet | seat body used by each following embodiment is demonstrated.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a sheet body 1 according to the present invention includes a surface drainage sheet 2 having a water conductivity as a whole and entangled fibers to form a thick sheet, and a herbicidal sheet having a light shielding property and a water permeability. 3 are overlapped and bonded by a dotted or linear bonding portion 4.

  The size of the sheet body 1 is not particularly limited, but if the size (area) is too small, the labor of laying on the ground will increase, and if it is too large, the laying operation will be difficult or useless area will be generated. Therefore, in consideration of workability when laying on a slope in an arbitrary range, it is preferable to use a rectangle having a size between 1 m × 50 m and 1 m × 100 m. In this embodiment, a rectangle of 1 m × 50 m is used as an example. Keep it as Of course, the present invention is not limited to the above dimensions and shapes, and may be manufactured with appropriate dimensions and shapes according to the manufacturing apparatus and the laying method used.

  The fibers constituting the surface drainage sheet 2 may be either natural fibers or synthetic fibers, and the fibers may be composed of one kind or plural kinds, and a combination of fibers having different thicknesses and finenesses. However, these fibers may be entangled or joined in a scattered manner to form a thick sheet. In short, it is sufficient that the fibers are entangled to the extent that water is contained therein.

  In addition, the thickness of the surface drainage sheet 2 may be such that the flatness and flexibility that can adhere to the unevenness of the topsoil are not lost, and that the water can be retained and flowed inside. Although it varies depending on the environment of the place of use, the thickness is usually in the range of about 1 mm to 300 mm, preferably about 5 mm to 100 mm. In this embodiment, a thickness of about 10 mm is used as an example.

  In addition, for example, the surface drainage sheet itself is bonded at an appropriate interval so that the fibers of the surface drainage sheet 2 are untangled and the sheet shape is not decomposed, or a mesh sheet 5 having a rough one side is connected as shown in FIG. By doing so, it can also reinforce in the range which does not impair an induction | guidance | derivation and a drainage function.

  The herbicidal sheet 3 is light-shielding and water-permeable, and its material and thickness can be appropriately selected and used in consideration of durability and the like within a range where the plant seeds are not rooted in the soil. Good. As shown in FIG. 3, the weedproof sheet 3 and the surface drainage sheet 2 are overlapped and connected and fixed to form a single sheet body 1 as shown in FIG.

  The surface drainage sheet 2 and the weedproof sheet 3 are not adhered to the entire surface of the sheet, but are adhered and fixed at the adhesive portions 4 that are in a point contact or line contact state in a scattered manner. This prevents the surface drainage sheet 2 from being dragged by the stiffness of the weedproof sheet 3 and prevents the surface drainage sheet 2 from coming into close contact with the unevenness of the natural ground, so that the surface drainage sheet 2 can adhere to the unevenness of the natural ground and sufficiently induce soil moisture. Become.

  There is no particular limitation on the connection method of the bonding portion 4 that is in a dotted or linear bonding state, and appropriate means such as bonding with an adhesive or sewing can be used in consideration of durability. If the number of 4 is too large, there will be no difference from that adhered to the entire surface, and the adhesion of the surface drainage sheet 2 to the soil will be inferior. Conversely, if the number of the bonding parts 4 is too small, there will be too much space between the two sheets. Since it peels off, what is necessary is just to determine suitably the space | interval of each adhesion part 4 at a space | interval of about 10 cm-1 m, and in this embodiment, it adhere | attaches with a space | interval of about 30 cm in length and width. Of course, the number, interval, and the like of the bonding portions 4 are not limited and can be appropriately selected and implemented.

Next, a first embodiment of the slope construction method will be described with reference to FIGS.
First, the sheet body 1 described above is placed on the soil 6 on the surface of the natural ground where the mountains and hills have been cut by the construction of an expressway, etc., and the surface drainage sheet 2 is placed below the weed control sheet 3. It is laid so as to be in close contact with the soil 6 (see FIGS. 4 and 5).

  After laying the sheet body 1, as shown in FIG. 6, the plurality of anchor pins 7 are inserted from above the sheet body 1 until reaching the soil 6, and the sheet body 1 is fixed to the slope. At this time, what is necessary is just to fix with the anchor pin 7 mainly in the recessed part of the soil 6 so that the surface drainage sheet 2 may closely_contact | adhere to the soil 6 of a natural ground well.

  Further, another sheet body 1a, 1b, etc. is laid on the part adjacent to the sheet body 1 after installation so that the end sides are slightly overlapped, and the entire slope is the sheet body 1, 1a, 1b. Covering the slope is completed.

  With the above configuration, since the surface drainage sheet 2 of the sheet body 1 is closely attached and fixed to the uneven soil 6 of the slope slope, the moisture of the soil 6 due to rainwater is induced by the surface drainage sheet 2 and this surface. The drainage sheet 2 is flowed downward through the inside of the drainage sheet 2, and the surface drainage sheet 2 adheres to the unevenness of the surface of the soil 6 and does not form a gap. The sheet 3 serves as a cover for the surface drainage sheet 2 while preventing grass for a long period of time, thereby preventing UV degradation and the like and maintaining the long-term effect of the surface drainage sheet 2.

Next, a second embodiment of the slope construction method will be described mainly based on FIGS.
First, like FIG. 4 thru | or FIG. 6 of the said 1st construction method, 1 or more sheet | seat bodies 1 are laid in the soil 6 of a slope, and the whole slope is the sheet | seat body 1 (1a, 1b ...). cover.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the mortar 8 is sprayed from above the laid sheet body 1 to cover the entire surface of the sheet body 1, and then the mortar 8 is naturally solidified, whereby the surface as shown in FIG. Construction of the covered slope is completed.

  In the case of the slope construction method of the second embodiment, the surface of the surface drainage sheet 2 similar to that of the first embodiment is maintained, and the weedproof sheet 3 becomes a barrier during the spraying operation of the mortar 8. The mortar 8 can be prevented from entering the gap between the drainage sheets 2 and the drainage effect due to the clogging and embedding of the fibers on the surface drainage sheet 2 can be prevented. This prevents the weeds and tree seeds from entering through the peeled holes and prevents further mortar 8 collapse due to the growth of weeds and trees.

Next, a third embodiment of the slope construction method will be described with reference to FIGS.
First, a plurality of planting bags 9 are prepared which contain soil for plant roots.

  This planting bag 9 is like a sandbag filled with soil for supplying nutrients to the plant through the roots, but has the same action as the soil for the plant instead of the soil. As long as it can hold these soils and the like, the outer skin of the planting bag 9 and the material, dimensions, and form of the carrier are not particularly limited.

  The planting bag 9 is fixed by passing the anchor pin 7 through the planting bag 9 and the soil 6 at an appropriate portion of the slope. In FIG. 9, the planting bags 9 are fixed at the upper end, near the center, and the lower end of the slope, but the fixing location and the number thereof are not particularly limited, and the height of the slope and the plant to be planted are not limited. What is necessary is just to determine suitably considering a characteristic etc. Further, the fixing method is not limited to the anchor pin 7, and any appropriate means can be used.

  After installation of the planting bag 9, as shown in FIG. 10, one or more sheet bodies 1 are laid on the sloped soil and planted on the sloped soil 6 and planted by the same method as the first construction method. The bag 9 is covered with the sheet body 1 and fixed using the anchor pin 7 or the like.

  After covering the slope with the sheet body 1, a hole (not shown) is made in the sheet body 1 (the weedproof sheet 3 and the surface drainage sheet 2) covering the planting bag 9 from the surface side, and planted through this hole. The vine plant 10 is planted on the soil of the planting zone 9 or seeds are sown to grow the vine plant 10 (see FIG. 11).

  The vine plant 10 includes a vine that extends downward without being affected by gravity, and a vine that stretches vines upward while entwining with other things. The vine plant 10 extended from the planting bags 9 arranged in a scattered manner can cover the entire slope.

  According to this construction method, the surface drainage sheet 2 prevents the soil 6 from collapsing due to rainwater, and the slope of the slope is improved by the vine plant 10 and the slope of the slope is improved. Since grass sheet 3 suppresses unwanted seeds that do not want to grow due to flying seeds, etc., management and inspection work such as fallen trees due to typhoons etc., which was necessary for conventional greening slopes, is unnecessary, and grass prevention sheet 3 is a midsummer However, there is an advantage that it does not become too hot and does not inhibit the growth of the vine plant 10.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Sheet body 2 Surface drainage sheet 3 Weed prevention sheet 4 Bonding part 5 Mesh sheet 6 Soil 7 Anchor pin 8 Mortar 9 Planting bag 10 Vineous plant

Claims (4)

  The entire sheet drained sheet, which is made of thick fibers by entanglement with fibers, and a grassproof sheet having light shielding properties and water permeability are overlapped and bonded to each other at a point-like or linear part. A slope construction method characterized by laying and fixing a sheet body on the slope soil while bringing the surface drainage sheet side into contact with the soil.   2. The slope construction method according to claim 1, wherein mortar is sprayed from above the sheet body after laying the sheet body on the slope.   After installing the planting bag on the slope, laying and fixing the sheet body, and then opening a hole in the sheet body of the part covering the planting bag and planting the vine plant in the planting bag, 2. The slope construction method according to claim 1, wherein the slope is covered with a vine plant extending outward from the planting bag through a hole.   A sheet body used in the slope construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the entire surface drainage sheet having water conductivity is formed by entangled fibers into a thick sheet. A sheet body characterized in that a herbicidal sheet having light shielding properties and water permeability is overlapped and bonded together at a point-like or linear part.

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