JP2008289393A - Fiber structure into which culture soil is put - Google Patents

Fiber structure into which culture soil is put Download PDF

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JP2008289393A
JP2008289393A JP2007136562A JP2007136562A JP2008289393A JP 2008289393 A JP2008289393 A JP 2008289393A JP 2007136562 A JP2007136562 A JP 2007136562A JP 2007136562 A JP2007136562 A JP 2007136562A JP 2008289393 A JP2008289393 A JP 2008289393A
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fiber structure
culture soil
greening
ground
planting ground
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Mikio Mitsukawa
幹雄 光川
Shigeto Matsumoto
茂登 松本
Yoshiaki Yoshida
与志明 吉田
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Mitsukawa and Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
    • Y02A30/254—Roof garden systems; Roof coverings with high solar reflectance
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B80/00—Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings
    • Y02B80/32—Roof garden systems

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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fiber structure forming a planting foundation for growing plants on a rooftop of a building, an asphalt road surface side, and other proper places. <P>SOLUTION: This fiber structure is obtained by filling culture soil in a cylindrical fabric made of a knitted fabric. The fiber structure allows roots to pass knit stitches and go into the inside by bringing a cover factor value of the knitted fabric searched based on JIS L1018 8.10 to 5-20 and only placing lawn on the fiber structure. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は主として建物の屋上やアスファルト路面などを手軽に緑化する為の緑化システムであり、筒状の生地に培養土を入れて植物の栽培を可能とする技術に関するものである。   The present invention mainly relates to a greening system for easily greening a rooftop of a building, an asphalt road surface, and the like, and relates to a technique that enables cultivation of a plant by adding culture soil to a cylindrical fabric.

建物の屋上を緑化するには、植物の生育可能な地盤を造成することが必要である。従来の工法では防水層の上に排水層を設け、その上に培養土を敷き込み栽培する方法が一般的である。又、数多くのプランタンを配列して栽培する方法も採られている。しかし、この方法では建物にかなりの荷重がかかり、建築時に屋上緑化に耐えられる構造として設計されていない場合には不可能なことが多い。そして、乾燥した培養土が風によって周囲に飛散することで環境上の問題も発生する。   In order to green the roof of a building, it is necessary to create a ground where plants can grow. In the conventional construction method, a drainage layer is provided on a waterproof layer, and a culture soil is laid on the drainage layer for cultivation. In addition, a method of arranging a large number of plantans and cultivating them is also employed. However, this method places a considerable load on the building and is often not possible if the building is not designed to withstand rooftop greening during construction. And the environmental problem also arises because dried culture soil scatters around by wind.

一方、従来の緑化工法では多額の費用がかかると共に、天候により潅水の必要があり、その設備費及び維持費に多額のコストが必要となる。都市部ではヒートアイランド現象などの環境問題があり、高層ビルが立ち並ぶこれらビルの屋上を緑化することでヒートアイランド現象を少しでも緩和する狙いがある。東京都などの大都市圏では自然保護条例を改正して、一定規模以上のビル屋上の緑化を義務付けている。   On the other hand, the conventional tree planting method requires a large amount of money and requires irrigation depending on the weather, which requires a large amount of equipment and maintenance costs. In urban areas, there are environmental problems such as the heat island phenomenon, and there is an aim to alleviate the heat island phenomenon as much as possible by greening the rooftops of these buildings. In metropolitan areas such as the Tokyo Metropolitan Government, the Nature Conservation Ordinance has been amended to require greening of building roofs of a certain size or larger.

特開２００２−１２５４５２号に係る「緑化構造物」は、建物にかかる緑化施設の荷重負担が小さく、風による倍土の飛散や緑化施設の破損の虞を少なくし、植物の手入れが簡単で屋上緑化に好適な緑化構造物であり、「空間部分に倍土が充填された繊維成形体、保水層、根域制限層、排水層及び遮水層が上から順に連設されて成る緑化構造物であり、繊維成形体が繊度を異にする２種以上の捲縮繊維から成る混合ウェブがランダム配列して積層された、厚さ方向の一方側に主として細繊度繊維ウェブ層が分布し、他方側に主として太繊度繊維ウェブ層が分布し、その間に連続的に密度勾配が形成され、かつ繊維同士の接点が接着固定された、太繊度繊維ウェブ層側を植生面として設置される繊維成形体であり、倍土が潅水によって膨潤する倍土としている。」   The “greening structure” according to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-125452 has a small load burden on the greening facility on the building, reduces the risk of scattering of double soil by wind and damage to the greening facility, and is easy to care for plants on the roof It is a greening structure suitable for greening, “a greening structure in which a fiber molded body filled with double soil in a space part, a water retention layer, a root zone limiting layer, a drainage layer, and a water shielding layer are connected in order from the top. The fiber molded body is composed of two or more kinds of crimped fibers having different finenesses, and a thin web of fine fineness fiber webs is distributed mainly on one side in the thickness direction. A fiber molded body in which a thick fine fiber web layer is mainly distributed on the side, a density gradient is continuously formed therebetween, and a contact point between the fibers is bonded and fixed, and the thick fine fiber web layer side is set as a vegetation surface The soil is swollen by irrigation It has been with the soil. "

その他にも、特開２００２−１７１８２９号に係る「屋上緑化用資材及び屋上緑化システム」、特開２００２−０８４８８９号に係る「屋上緑化用の保水用パットと植生基盤及び屋上の緑化工法」、特開平７−２１３１５９号に係る「屋上の緑化用パネル及び屋上緑化方法」などが知られている。しかし、これら従来の工法は、その施工重量は決して軽いものではなく、しかも施工する場所が大きく左右される。   In addition, “Rooftop Greening Material and Rooftop Greening System” according to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-171829, “Water Retention Pad and Vegetation Base and Rooftop Greening Method for Rooftop Greening” according to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-084889, “Panel for rooftop greening and rooftop greening method” according to Kaihei 7-213159 is known. However, in these conventional methods, the construction weight is not light and the place where the construction is performed is greatly affected.

一方、ビルの屋上を緑化する場合に限らず、アスファルトで舗装した道路脇を緑化したい場合もあり、又運動場の一部を緑化する場合など、その緑化対象場所は色々ある。これらの場所を緑化するに際して、アスファルトを掘り起こして土を出し、固く踏み締められた運動場の地盤を耕して植物が生育するようにするには面倒である。   On the other hand, not only when the rooftop of a building is greened, there is a case where it is desired to greenen the side of a road paved with asphalt, and there are various places to be greened such as when part of a sports field is greened. When greening these places, it is cumbersome to dig up asphalt to remove the soil and cultivate the ground of the tightly staked field to allow the plants to grow.

特開２００２−１２５４５２号に係る「緑化構造物」“Greening structure” according to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-125452 特開２００２−１７１８２９号に係る「屋上緑化用資材及び屋上緑化システム」“Rooftop Greening Material and Rooftop Greening System” according to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-171829 特開２００２−０８４８８９号に係る「屋上緑化用の保水用パットと植生基盤及び屋上の緑化工法」"Water retention pad and vegetation base for rooftop greening and rooftop greening method" according to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-084889 特開平７−２１３１５９号に係る「屋上の緑化用パネル及び屋上緑化方法」"Panel for rooftop greening and rooftop greening method" according to JP-A-7-213159

このように、屋上を緑化する場合、又はアスファルト路面脇などを緑化する場合には上記のごとき問題がある。本発明が解決しようとする課題はこれら問題点であり、屋上緑化の場合には建物に大きな負担を与えることなく従来構造の建物であっても緑化が可能な、又、路面脇などを緑化する場合には固い路面を掘り起こして耕すことなく手軽に緑化を行うことが出来るようにした植栽地盤を構成する為に培養土を入れた繊維構造体を提供する。   As described above, when greening the rooftop or when greening the side of an asphalt road surface, there are problems as described above. The problems to be solved by the present invention are these problems. In the case of rooftop greening, greening is possible even for a building having a conventional structure without giving a large burden to the building, and the roadside is greened. In some cases, a fiber structure containing cultured soil is provided to construct a planting ground that can be easily planted without digging up and plowing a hard road surface.

本発明では植物が生育する為に必要な植栽地盤を手軽に作ることが出来るように、繊維構造体を使用している。この繊維構造体とは編物からなる筒状の生地であり、この筒に培養土を充填して植栽地盤が構成される。ここで、筒の長さは特に限定しないが、渦巻き状に巻いて円盤状の植栽地盤としたり、ジグザグ状に屈曲して四角形の植栽地盤とする。   In this invention, the fiber structure is used so that the planting ground required for a plant to grow can be made easily. This fiber structure is a cylindrical fabric made of knitted fabric, and a planting ground is configured by filling the cylinder with culture soil. Here, the length of the tube is not particularly limited, but it is wound in a spiral shape to form a disk-shaped planting ground, or bent in a zigzag shape to form a square planting ground.

ところで、上記培養土を充填した繊維構造体を植栽地盤として植物を生育させることが出来るが、該植栽地盤の上に芝生などの地被植物が配置され、地被植物の根は繊維構造体の編目を通過して培養土に進入する。又は植物苗を植栽することも可能であり、植栽するには繊維構造体の一部に穴を開けて苗を植付ける。上記種子の場合にも繊維構造体の一部に穴を開けて種子を蒔くことも出来る。   By the way, a plant can be grown using the fiber structure filled with the culture soil as a planting ground, but a ground cover plant such as a lawn is arranged on the planting ground, and the root of the ground cover plant has a fiber structure. It passes through the body stitches and enters the culture soil. Alternatively, plant seedlings can be planted. To plant, seedlings are planted by making holes in a part of the fiber structure. In the case of the above seeds as well, seeds can be sown by making holes in a part of the fiber structure.

本発明に係る繊維構造体は、形成される編目の大きさを規制している。すなわち、植栽地盤に地被植物を配置することで、その根が編目を通過して培養土へ進入して根を張ることが出来、又内部に充填した培養土が外へ流出しない大きさの編目としている。そこで、その大きさはＪＩＳ Ｌ １０１８ ８．１０に基づいて求められるカバーファクター値が５〜２０と成る編み生地である。   The fiber structure according to the present invention regulates the size of the formed stitch. In other words, by placing the ground cover plant on the planting ground, the roots can pass through the stitches and enter the culture soil to spread the roots, and the size of the culture soil filled inside does not flow out The stitch is. Therefore, the size is a knitted fabric having a cover factor value of 5 to 20 determined based on JIS L 1018 8.10.

筒状生地には培養土が充填されて繊維構造体が構成される。従って、通気性及び通水性に優れるためにカビが発生することはなく、又根腐れを防止することが出来る。そして、培養土を充填した繊維構造体を所定の場所に設置するだけで植栽地盤を形成することが出来るためにその施工は簡単であり、勿論、施工費は従来工法に比較して格段に低くなる。本発明では植物を生育させるに必要な最小限の植栽地盤が形成されることで、屋上に手軽に施工することが出来る、しかも重量は軽くて大きな負担はかからない。   The tubular fabric is filled with culture soil to form a fiber structure. Therefore, since it is excellent in air permeability and water permeability, mold does not occur and root rot can be prevented. And since the planting ground can be formed just by installing the fiber structure filled with culture soil at a predetermined place, the construction is of course, and the construction cost is much higher than the conventional construction method. Lower. In the present invention, since the minimum planting ground necessary for growing plants is formed, it can be easily constructed on the roof, and the weight is light and does not impose a large burden.

更に、屋上に限ることなく、アスファルト路面脇や運動場の片隅であっても、地面を掘り起こして耕すことなく培養土を充填した繊維構造体を載置するだけで植栽地盤が出来上がる。勿論、不要になった際には、撤去することで元の状態に復元できる。   Furthermore, not only on the roof, but also on the side of the asphalt road surface or one corner of the playground, a planting ground can be obtained simply by placing the fiber structure filled with the culture soil without digging and plowing the ground. Of course, when it becomes unnecessary, it can be restored to its original state by removing it.

一方、繊維構造体は筒状生地に培養土を充填したものであり、その為に植栽地盤の形状は自由に変えることが可能である。すなわち、渦巻き状に捲くことで円形植栽地盤を形成することも出来、ジグザグ状に配列することで長方形の植栽地盤とすることも可能である。そして、繊維構造体の筒状生地のカバーファクター値は５〜２０である為に、植栽地盤の上に地被植物を置くだけで根が編目を通過して内部へ進入でき、しかも筒状生地から培養土が流出することはない。   On the other hand, the fiber structure is a cylindrical fabric filled with culture soil, and therefore the shape of the planting ground can be freely changed. That is, a circular planting ground can be formed by winding in a spiral shape, and a rectangular planting ground can be formed by arranging in a zigzag shape. And since the cover factor value of the cylindrical fabric of the fiber structure is 5 to 20, the roots can pass through the stitches and enter the inside simply by placing the ground cover plant on the planting ground, and the cylindrical shape Culture soil does not flow out of the dough.

図１は筒状生地に培養土を充填した繊維構造体であり、正面図と断面図を表している。該培養土１は筒状生地２に充填され、その長さＬは約７．２ｍ、外径Ｄは約７ｃｍと成っている。勿論、本発明では該筒状生地２の長さ（Ｌ）及び外径（Ｄ）を限定するものではない。そして、培養土１の成分も特に限定せず市販されているものが使用され、又生地２の素材や組織は自由である。   FIG. 1 is a fiber structure in which culture soil is filled in a cylindrical fabric, and shows a front view and a cross-sectional view. The culture soil 1 is filled into a cylindrical dough 2 and has a length L of about 7.2 m and an outer diameter D of about 7 cm. Of course, in the present invention, the length (L) and the outer diameter (D) of the tubular fabric 2 are not limited. The components of the culture soil 1 are not particularly limited, and those that are commercially available are used, and the material and structure of the dough 2 are free.

図２は本発明に係る繊維構造体を渦巻状に巻き付けて形成した植栽地盤を表している。この植栽地盤の形成には前記図１に示した長さＬが約７．２ｍ、外径Ｄが約７ｃｍの繊維構造体が使用され、外径は約０．７５ｍで面積は約０．４５ｍ２の大きさとなる。このように形成される植栽地盤の上には芝生などの地被植物を載置することで、地被植物の根が筒状生地２の編目を通過して内部に進入し、培養土に根を張ることが出来る。 FIG. 2 shows a planting ground formed by winding the fiber structure according to the present invention in a spiral shape. For the formation of the planting ground, a fiber structure having a length L of about 7.2 m and an outer diameter D of about 7 cm shown in FIG. 1 is used, the outer diameter is about 0.75 m, and the area is about 0.0. The size is 45 m 2 . By placing a ground cover plant such as a lawn on the planting ground thus formed, the root of the ground cover plant passes through the stitch of the cylindrical fabric 2 and enters the inside, and enters the culture soil. Can root.

水を時々与えることは必要であるが、本発明の繊維構造体が過度に乾燥して給水を頻繁に必要とすることはない。繊維構造体は細長い形状と成っているが、植栽地盤として形成する場合には、ある程度の大きな面積となる為に、過度の乾燥は防止される。   Although it is necessary to provide water from time to time, the fiber structure of the present invention is not overly dry and does not require frequent water supply. Although the fiber structure has an elongated shape, when it is formed as a planting ground, since it has a certain large area, excessive drying is prevented.

図３は長さＬが約７．２ｍ、外径Ｄが約７ｃｍの繊維構造体をジグザグ状に配置した植栽地盤形態であり、横寸法が約０．５ｍ、縦寸法が０．９ｍの長方形を成し、その面積は図２の植栽地盤とほぼ同じく約０．４５ｍ２となる。このように、本発明に係る繊維構造体は設置する場所に応じて、又は任意に色々な形状の植栽地盤を形成することが出来る。 FIG. 3 is a planting ground form in which a fiber structure having a length L of about 7.2 m and an outer diameter D of about 7 cm is arranged in a zigzag shape, with a horizontal dimension of about 0.5 m and a vertical dimension of 0.9 m. It forms a rectangle and its area is approximately 0.45 m 2 , which is almost the same as the planting ground in FIG. As described above, the fiber structure according to the present invention can form a planting ground having various shapes depending on a place where the fiber structure is installed or arbitrarily.

ところで、本発明の植栽地盤はその上に芝生などの地被植物を載置することで、その根が筒状生地３の編目を通過することが出来るように成っている。そこで、この筒状生地ではカバーファクター５〜２０と成っている。該カバーファクターはＪＩＳ Ｌ １０１８ ８．１０に基づいて測定したものであり、該カバーファクターが上記の範囲内であるならば、植栽地盤上に載置した地被植物の根は編目を通過して内部に充填されている培養土に根を張ることが出来る。しかも、該編目から培養土が流出することはない大きさとしている。   By the way, the planting ground of the present invention is configured such that a root can pass through the stitches of the tubular fabric 3 by placing a ground cover plant such as a lawn thereon. Therefore, this tubular fabric has a cover factor of 5-20. The cover factor is measured based on JIS L 1018 8.10. If the cover factor is within the above range, the root of the ground cover plant placed on the planting ground passes through the stitch. And roots in the culture soil filled inside. Moreover, the culture soil does not flow out from the stitches.

図４は植栽地盤を形成する繊維構造体の上面に穴３を開けて植物４を植付けた場合を示している。繊維構造体の筒状生地は所定の箇所を加熱することで任意の大きさの穴３を簡単に開けることが出来る。勿論、ハサミなどの道具を使用して裁断することも自由である。   FIG. 4 shows a case where the plant 4 is planted by opening the hole 3 in the upper surface of the fiber structure forming the planting ground. The cylindrical fabric of the fiber structure can easily open a hole 3 of any size by heating a predetermined portion. Of course, cutting with scissors and other tools is also free.

培養土を充填した繊維構造体。Fiber structure filled with culture soil. 繊維構造体を渦巻き状に捲いた植栽地盤。Planting ground that spirals the fiber structure. 繊維構造体をジグザグ状に形成した植栽地盤。Planting ground with a zigzag fiber structure. 植栽地盤に植物を植え付けした場合。When plants are planted on the planting ground.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 培養土
２ 筒状生地
３ 穴
４ 植物 1 Cultivated soil 2 Tubular dough 3 Hole 4 Plant

Claims (2)

ビルの屋上やアスファルト路面脇、及びその他適当な場所に植物を生育させる為の植栽地盤を形成する繊維構造体において、編物で構成される筒状生地に培養土を充填して繊維構造体とし、そしてＪＩＳ Ｌ１０１８ ８．１０に基づいて求めた編物生地のカバーファクター値を５〜２０としたことを特徴とする培養土を入れた繊維構造体。 In a fiber structure that forms a planting ground for growing plants on the rooftop of a building, asphalt road surface, and other suitable places, a tubular fabric composed of knitted fabric is filled with culture soil to form a fiber structure. And the fiber structure which put the culture soil characterized by the cover factor value of the knitted fabric calculated | required based on JIS L1018 8.10. ビルの屋上やアスファルト路面脇、及びその他適当な場所に植物を生育させる為の植栽地盤を形成する繊維構造体において、編物で構成される筒状生地に培養土を充填して繊維構造体とし、該繊維構造体には穴を開けて植物を植付けたり種を蒔き、そしてＪＩＳ Ｌ１０１８ ８．１０に基づいて求めた編物生地のカバーファクター値を５〜２０としたことを特徴とする培養土を入れた繊維構造体。 In a fiber structure that forms a planting ground for growing plants on the rooftop of a building, asphalt road surface, and other suitable places, a tubular fabric composed of knitted fabric is filled with culture soil to form a fiber structure. A cultivated soil characterized by having a cover factor value of the knitted fabric determined based on JIS L1018 8.10. Put fiber structure.
JP2007136562A 2007-05-23 2007-05-23 Fiber structure into which culture soil is put Pending JP2008289393A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2010227093A (en) * 2009-03-05 2010-10-14 Toray Ind Inc Plant growth method in sand
JP2011019409A (en) * 2009-07-13 2011-02-03 Mitsukawa Kk Unit-type planting base and method for forming planting
JP2011135902A (en) * 2011-04-15 2011-07-14 Mitsukawa Kk Method for forming planting

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005110590A (en) * 2003-10-08 2005-04-28 Mitsukawa Kk FIBER STRUCTURE CONTAINING CULTURE SOIL, METHOD FOR CAPTURING CULTURE SOIL IN TUBE CLOTH AND APPARATUS THEREFOR

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005110590A (en) * 2003-10-08 2005-04-28 Mitsukawa Kk FIBER STRUCTURE CONTAINING CULTURE SOIL, METHOD FOR CAPTURING CULTURE SOIL IN TUBE CLOTH AND APPARATUS THEREFOR

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2010227093A (en) * 2009-03-05 2010-10-14 Toray Ind Inc Plant growth method in sand
JP2011019409A (en) * 2009-07-13 2011-02-03 Mitsukawa Kk Unit-type planting base and method for forming planting
JP2011135902A (en) * 2011-04-15 2011-07-14 Mitsukawa Kk Method for forming planting

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