JP2001123451A - Vegetation block, and method of greening slope by vegetation block - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To attain satisfactory greening, enhance stability by preventing a foundation material for vegetation from flow out with a water flow and a wave, and enhance a sight by making a nursery stock raising-seedling in a position separated from an objective sloping face matched to a natural environ ment, in a construction method for the greening in a slope between a full level and a restricted level of water, so as to solve a problem in a conventional method for greening. SOLUTION: In this construction method, planted vegetation block bodies are taken out from a raising seedling preserve to be connected to each other, they are introduced to a greening-planed site by a boat and the like utilizing a water level of a dam lake and the like, anchor members are preliminarily driven vertically with proper spacing in the planed site, and the vegetation block bodies are fixed using the anchor members.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to vegetation installed on a bare land with a flooded surface, such as a dam lake, a lake, a marsh, a reservoir, a river revetment, etc. The present invention relates to a block plant and a greening method for a slope using the vegetation block.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, in the case of an agricultural reservoir (water control dam) that stores water during the off-farm season and uses water during the busy season, the water level rises and falls depending on the season. In addition, pumping-type power generation dams and multipurpose dams that use low-altitude water at night to store water at high altitudes by using surplus power at night, and to generate power by dropping high-altitude water during the daytime are: The water level rises and falls within the day. As described above,
There are considerable differences in the cycle of water level fluctuation depending on applications such as reservoirs and dam lakes, but in each case, the slopes at the revetment will repeatedly switch between full and restricted water levels depending on the season or time. Vegetation coverage becomes difficult due to fluctuations and collisions of suspended matter such as driftwood,
It has a bare land with a striped stripe pattern.

[0003] In order to prevent the above-mentioned bare soil and unstable gravel soil from flowing out, a temporary mortar or concrete is sprayed on the slope or a permanent concrete block is laid. Protection of lakeshore, seawall, etc. However, these slope protection measures focus on functions and often impair the natural scenery, especially when dams exist in scenic spots, causing scenic problems and ecologically friendly nature. It is not in a state of responding to the recent social situation that requires environmental and landscape conservation. Recently, the dam has been open to local residents, and it has been developed in various directions, such as making it a hydrophilic park or playing on a boat.

[0004] Therefore, as shown in Fig. 9, a nonwoven fabric bag B is stored in a net basket A in a bare land of a water level fluctuation area such as a dam lake, a lake, a reservoir, a river bank or the like, and a vegetation base material C is contained therein. A greening method in which a watering plant is planted by installing a greening box filled with water is used to maintain the natural environment and landscape of the exposed slope. This greening method comprises a plurality of mesh baskets A in which a vegetation base material C is filled in a nonwoven bag B.
Are arranged and fixed at appropriate intervals on a net E or the like fixed to the surface of the slope covered with the nonwoven fabric D.

[0005] By growing a waterside plant F on the vegetation base material C in the net cage, the bare land is greened to obtain a natural landscape at the time of drought, and the roots of the plants are located in the bare land. By invading, the slope is stabilized.

However, a greening box composed of a nonwoven bag B filled with a vegetation base material C on the slope surface and a net basket A is
The thing fixed to the netting E on the slope is intended to leave the tree naturally, and the greening of the entire slope is not sufficiently performed. The vegetation base material C is wrapped in the bag B made of non-woven fabric. However, there is a problem that water is easily spilled out due to water currents and waves during flooding, greening is prevented, and water retention when bare is insufficient.

Further, as shown in FIG. 10, a net body G made of fiber such as palm is laid on the surface of a slope such as a dam lake.
A roll body H made of fiber such as coconut is also placed at the shore to prevent erosion and soil particles from flowing out, and a net body G laid on the slope or a roll body placed at the shore. H
A greening method is also known in which a hole I is drilled with a burrower or the like, and a seedling J of a plant grown in another place is planted in the hole.

However, the seedlings J transplanted to the net body G or the roll body H made of the fibers have poor rooting, and seedlings raised elsewhere are planted. Often did not fit. In addition, the diameter of the roll body H made of fibers installed at the water's edge is 300 mm.
It was nearby and became heavy when it contained water, making it extremely difficult to transport it to a predetermined location.

[0009]

As described above, the conventional revegetation method on the slope in which the full water level state and the restricted water level state are alternately repeated is not sufficient for revegetation, and soil and vegetation are caused by water currents and waves. The base material was easily leaked and lacked stability. In addition, even if sapling was created at a nursery place with a different seedling relationship from the local area, the root system development of the seedlings on land would not be appropriate for the waterside. An object of the present invention is to solve these problems.

[0010]

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and the vegetation to be planted is to identify vegetation communities that are close to the slope to be vegetated from an ecological point of view. It is collected by suction in a vacuum system during the fruiting stage of the plant or at a time effective for vegetative body propagation. Seeds are collected according to the season, such as evergreen trees, deciduous trees, and herbs. In water areas such as reservoirs, deep soil excluding the surface layer is used and collected with a pump or the like, but the best one is one that mainly falls from fall to winter.

[0011]
Propagated vegetative bodies (cutting, stock splitting, etc.) are cut at the sampling site with a shredder, chipper, etc., adjusted to a shape that can be transported into the suction pipe, and transported. In the case of taking in the topsoil, it is possible to induce the water-retentive water-absorbing polymer, the sterile room soil and the like simultaneously with the seeds by unraveling the topsoil.
After the seeds and the like of the plant are collected in this way, the vegetation is grown and cured on the vegetation base, and the vegetation block body that has been grown is placed in a predetermined place and is maintained and managed. .

[0012] One of the concrete means is that seeds, dead leaves and leaves of plants collected from a vegetation community close to a slope on which vegetation is to be planted.
Float made of a fibrous mat sheet formed by spraying a soil material such as topsoil particles to form a flat surface of a predetermined thickness, and a foam member having a water-resistant linear member disposed at the center, or a lightweight water-resistant container And a vegetation block body formed of a tubular body and surrounded by a fibrous mat sheet using the float as a core material.

The concrete means 2 is to take out the vegetation block body in which the plants have been vegetated from the nursery cage and connect them to each other, and use the water level of a dam lake or the like to move the vegetation block body to a place where the vegetation block body is to be installed by a ship or the like. The method is characterized by a method of greening a slope by a vegetation block body that guides, preliminarily drives anchor members into the installation site at an appropriate interval in a vertical direction, and fixes the vegetation block body using the anchor members. It is.

[0014] The concrete means 3 is that a skeleton of a seedling raising cage is formed by a frame, a side surface thereof is surrounded by a net, and a suitable number of the frame forming a lower surface side is provided at a suitable number of places such as a dam lake. It is characterized by a nursery cage that is provided with wheels that can move on an underwater rail installed on the surface and that can move up and down due to fluctuations in the water level of the dam lake.

[0015]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention provides a vegetation block obtained by curing a vegetation block base comprising a fibrous mat sheet wrapped with plant seeds and the like, and using the vegetation block in a water level of a dam lake, river or the like. It will be installed on the bare land using flooded water. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on embodiments shown in the drawings.

[0016]

FIG. 1 (a) shows a vegetation block base on which a waterside plant of the present invention is grown and cured, and is collected on a fibrous mat sheet 1 (coconut fiber mat or the like) by suction or the like. The seeds, dead leaves, topsoil particles, etc. of the plant are sprayed or applied by a suction guide tube or the like, and the soil material 2 (plant seeds, nutrients, soil, etc.) is flattened to a predetermined thickness as if the furoshiki was spread. In the case of a flooded surface specification, a core member is a float 4 made of a foam member in which a linear member 3 (for example, a corrosion-resistant wire, a synthetic resin member, or the like) is disposed at the center, By rotating the fibrous mat sheet 1 so as to form a thick roll, a tubular vegetation block base 5 is formed as shown in FIGS. 1 (b) and 1 (c). When rotating the fibrous mat sheet 1, it is also possible to roll the seedlings (such as trunks and branches of willows) sideways. As the soil material 2, a material in which a dredged soil or a buried seed of a reservoir close to a slope to be vegetated or the like is applied to the fibrous mat sheet 1 to form a flat surface having a predetermined thickness may be used. .

The mesh of the fibrous mat sheet 1 is set so that soil particles do not flow out but air can be circulated. If the mesh is fine, it will be difficult for plant sprout to appear, and if the mesh is large, plant sprout can penetrate, but even soil particles will flow out.
A mesh of about mm is used.

The float 4 can be manufactured by inserting a lightweight container such as a foam member or a plastic bottle into a net pipe 41 such as a resin net or a basket formed in a tubular shape in advance. As the foam member, FIG.
As shown in (a), styrofoam is used. In the styrofoam, a suitable slit 44 is formed around the root to promote penetration of the root system.

As shown in FIG. 2B, a water-resistant PET bottle is used as the lightweight container. In particular, used PET bottles can be used. In addition, by surrounding the periphery of the foam member or the lightweight container with the net pipe 41, the fixed state can be strengthened. The water-resistant foam member and lightweight container are light and float on water. In addition, since used PET bottles can be used, it is effective as recycling of disused items.

The linear member 3 disposed at the center of the float 4 is used as a connecting means of each vegetation block base 5, and is formed to be longer than the length of the fibrous mat sheet 1, and both end portions thereof are provided. It is formed so as to protrude outward from the fibrous mat sheet 1. At both ends of the projecting linear member 3, connecting portions 6 having an appropriate shape are formed. In this embodiment, a hook is shown as the connecting portion 6.

Although a hook is used as the connecting portion 6 in the above embodiment, it goes without saying that other connecting means other than the hook can be used. PET bottle 4 as float 4
In the case where 3 or the like is used, a string-shaped member or the like is inserted between the net pipe 41 and the plastic bottle 43 or between the fibrous mat sheet 1 and the net pipe 41 as the linear member 3 so as to be connected. It becomes possible as a means.

FIG. 1 (b) shows a fiber mat sheet 1 having a float 4 as a core material, wound with a fibrous mat sheet 1, and the outer periphery of the fiber mat sheet 1 is spirally wound with a wire. Is fixed. FIG. 1 (c)
Uses the float 4 as a core material, is wound around the fibrous mat sheet 1, and furthermore, the outer periphery of the fibrous mat sheet 1 is fixed by winding a string-shaped thing individually at several places. . Various fixing means are conceivable.

Land plants are used for the vegetation block base 5 that is used only on land that is not at the water's edge when the water level is high, and riparian plants that are used on the available water level are not grown. FIG. 3 shows a state in which the vegetation block base 5 composed of a waterside plant or a land plant of the present invention is grown by hydroponic cultivation. The vegetation block bases 5 are provided at the end of the linear member 3. The hooks 6 are connected to each other, and are cultivated and cultivated by hydroponic cultivation while being floated on water in a place such as an inlet where nutrients are likely to float even in a dam lake or the like.

FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b) show a state in which waterside plants or land plants are grown on the vegetation block base 5 of the present invention. The body 7 and the land plant vegetation block body 8 are shown. The waterside plant vegetation block 7 is installed on the slope corresponding to the available water level between the limited water level and the full water level, and the land plant vegetation block 8 is installed on the slope that is land.

FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b) show a nursery cage 9 for cultivating the vegetation block base 5 of the present invention, wherein plant seeds, vegetation and vegetation from a vegetation community close to the slope to be vegetated are shown. The vegetation block base 5 containing soil and the like is placed in a nursery cage 9 and cultivated hydroponic therein.

The seedling raising cage 9 has a skeleton formed of a frame 10 such as a synthetic resin or a corrosion-resistant steel pipe, and a net 11 made of a synthetic resin or the like is attached to the entire side surface of the frame 10. As a result, a nursery cage 9 whose four circumferences are surrounded by the net 11 is formed.

Wheels 12 are attached to appropriate positions of a lower frame 10 constituting the nursery cage 9,
On the other hand, an underwater rail 13 for supporting the wheels 12 is provided on a slope such as a dam lake.

As described above, the nursery cage 9 is supported by the underwater rail 13 provided on the slope of a dam lake or the like, and is appropriately fitted with a float. In response to fluctuations in water level, vertical movement is possible depending on the water level used, such as dam lakes.

The vegetation block base 5 is a nursery cage 9 supported on an underwater rail 13 laid on a slope such as a dam lake.
Because it is managed in, without being affected by the waves,
When the vegetation block base 5 is cured in water for several months in the nursery cage 9, new shoots begin to grow (see FIG. 3).

As shown in FIG. 4, the vegetation block base 5 is cultivated by hydroponic cultivation in a nursery cage 9 to form the riparian plant vegetation block 7 or the terrestrial vegetation block 8. In order to transport the vegetation block 7 or the land plant vegetation block 8 to a bare land such as a dam lake or a river, a transfer means such as a ship 14 is used.

FIGS. 6A and 6B show the waterside plant vegetation block 7 or the land plant vegetation block 8 grown by hydroponics in the nursery cage 9 of the present invention. And a tow from a nursery cage 9 to a bare land site such as a dam lake by boat or the like. Since the water level of dam lakes fluctuates seasonally or by time, and the timing of the water level fluctuation is almost fixed,
By utilizing the fluctuation of the water level and installing the waterside plant vegetation block 7 or the land plant vegetation block 8 over several steps on the bare ground such as a dam lake, the entire bare ground is greened. .

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a waterside plant vegetation block body 7 and a land plant vegetation block body 8 provided in several steps on a bare land portion 15 such as a dam lake or a river bank according to the present invention. The waterfront plant vegetation block 7 extends over several steps in the bare land part 15 between the restricted water level 16 and the full water level 17 such as a dam lake.
And a land plant vegetation block 8.

The construction of the waterside plant vegetation block 7 and the land plant vegetation block 8 on the bare land portion 15 is performed by confirming that the shoots have surely grown from the vegetation block base 5 in the nursery cage 9. The waterside plant vegetation block 7 or the land plant vegetation block 8 is taken out from the nursery cage 9 and the waterside plant vegetation block 7 or the land plant vegetation block 8 is connected to each other by the connection part 6.

Eliminating the bare land 15 such as a dam lake,
Vegetation is also vegetated on land to improve the scenery and prevent discomfort.

The terrestrial plant vegetation block 8 (or the riparian plant vegetation block 7 may be installed) on the land portion near the water surface at the full water level, when the water level of the dam lake is near the water level 17. The terrestrial plant vegetation block body 8 is pulled from the nursery cage 9 to the vicinity of the installation location by the boat 14 or the like, and the anchor members 18 are vertically driven into the installation location about 1 m above the water level 17 at an appropriate interval in advance, The above-mentioned land plant vegetation block 8 is lifted from the water surface and anchored.
It is lowered from above the member 18 and fixed so that the land plant vegetation block 8 stabs the anchor member 18 or
Alternatively, the terrestrial plant vegetation block 8 is lowered to the mountain side of the anchor member 18, and the anchor member 18 is fixed to serve as a roll preventing function.

The terrestrial plant vegetation block 8 is fixed by an anchor member 18 which is driven in a vertical direction. The anchor member 19 is driven.

When the land plant vegetation block 8 has a cylindrical shape, the reinforced earthwork 20 (for example, by the "geofiber-method") is used because the stability is poor even if the land plant vegetation block 8 is installed on a bare ground such as a dam lake as it is. Land plant vegetation block 8 in combination
Installation.

Next, utilizing the time when the water surface of the dam lake or the like is at a water level slightly lower than the full water level 17, the waterside plant vegetation block 7 is pulled from the nursery cage 9 to a place close to the bare land site by a boat or the like. An anchor member 18 is previously vertically driven into the installation place of the vegetation block body 7 at an appropriate interval, and the waterside plant vegetation block body 7 is lifted from the water surface and lowered from above the anchor member 18 so that the waterside plant vegetation is obtained. Either fix the block body 7 so as to pierce the anchor member 18 or fix the waterside plant vegetation block body 7 to the anchor member.
The member 18 is lowered to the mountain side, and the anchor member 18 is fixed to serve as a roll preventing function.

The riparian plant vegetation block 7 is fixed by an anchor member 18 which is laid in the vertical direction as in the case of the above-mentioned land location. After the installation, the anchor member 19 can be driven further obliquely rearward.

When the waterside plant vegetation block 7 has a cylindrical shape, the waterside plant vegetation block 7 is installed together with the reinforcing earthwork 20 in the same manner as described above.

Next, the waterside plant vegetation block 7 is towed from the nursery cage 9 to the vicinity of the bare land site 15 by the boat 14 or the like, utilizing the time when the water surface of the dam lake or the like is at the restricted water level 16. An anchor member 18 is vertically driven into the installation location of the body 7 at an appropriate interval in advance, and the waterside plant vegetation block body 7 is lifted and lowered from above the anchor member 18 so that the waterside plant vegetation block body 7 is anchored. 18
Alternatively, the vegetation vegetation block 7 is lowered to the mountain side of the anchor member 18 so that the anchor member 18 serves to prevent rolling, and is fixed.

As described above, the waterside plant vegetation block 7 comprises:
It is fixed by the anchor member 18 which is driven in the vertical direction. However, in order to fix more firmly, after the waterside plant vegetation block 7 is installed, the anchor member 19 may be further driven obliquely rearward. I can do it.

When the waterside plant vegetation block 7 has an elliptical shape, a semicircular shape, a rectangular shape, etc., in addition to the cylindrical shape, the stability is increased when the waterside plant vegetation block 7 is installed. In some cases, the stability is increased. Further, the riparian plant vegetation block 7 on the restricted water level side can be installed by using the reinforcing earthwork 20 together.

As described above, the land plant vegetation block 8
By sequentially installing the waterside plant vegetation block bodies 7 on a slope such as a dam lake or a river bank, it becomes possible to green the entire bare land portion and its adjacent area.

FIG. 8 shows a state in which a riparian plant vegetation block 7 is provided on a river bank. FIG. 8A shows a state where the block 7 is provided on a slope of an upstream river bank. Since the water flow is high in the upstream, the waterside plant vegetation block 7 is disposed diagonally along the water flow direction so that the waterside plant vegetation block 7 does not become a resistor as shown in the figure.

FIG. 8 (b) shows the arrangement of the river on the middle bank of the river, where the flow of the water is relatively gentle, so that the water can be taken in and meandered along the flow so that the flow can be adjusted. The waterside plant vegetation block 7 is placed in the state.

FIG. 8 (c) shows an arrangement on the revetment downstream of the river, where the flow of the water becomes gentle. A waterside plant vegetation block body 7 is disposed so as to form a vegetation block.

[0048]

Industrial Applicability The present invention specifies a vegetation community close to a target slope, guides the plant to a growth curing base during a fruiting period or a period effective for vegetative body propagation, and produces an evergreen tree / seed as a seed.
Since deciduous trees, herbs, etc. are collected according to their respective seasons, the same greening is achieved on the bare lands such as dam lakes and river banks, as in the adjacent lands. A good environment can be obtained.

Further, the waterside plant vegetation block is cultivated hydroponically in a nursery cage near the bare land where the waterside plant is to be installed, and is towed to a bareland site by a ship or the like and is installed as it is in the bare land portion. The need for replanting work has been eliminated.
Further, since the bare land such as a dam lake is greened by the plant vegetation block or the like, it is possible to prevent the outflow of soil from the bare land.

Further, since the waterside plant vegetation block body and the land plant vegetation block body have a float on the core material, the water level fluctuation between the limited water level and the full water level of a dam lake or the like can be effectively used. The waterside plant vegetation block and the land plant vegetation block can be easily installed on the bare land of the entire area including the upper and lower tiers.

[0051]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 (a) is a perspective view showing a float provided with a fibrous mat sheet, a soil material, and a linear member. (B) The perspective view which shows the vegetation block base of a cylindrical body. (C) Perspective view showing another embodiment of a vegetation block base of a cylindrical body.

FIG. 2A is a perspective view of a float in which styrofoam is inserted. (B) A perspective view of a float into which a plastic bottle is inserted.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing growing of a vegetation block base.

FIG. 4A is a perspective view showing a waterside plant vegetation block body. (B) A perspective view showing a land plant vegetation block body.

FIG. 5 (a) is a perspective view showing a nursery cage for growing a vegetation block base. (B) Sectional drawing which shows a nursery cage and an underwater rail.

FIG. 6A is a perspective view of towing a vegetation block by a ship. (B) A perspective view of installing a vegetation block using a water level.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a vegetation block body installed on a slope with a water level used.

FIG. 8 (a) is a perspective view of a state in which a vegetation block is disposed on a revetment upstream of a river. (B) A perspective view of a state in which the vegetation block body is disposed on a middle bank of a river. (C) A perspective view of a state where a vegetation block body is provided on a seawall downstream of a river.

FIG. 9A is a perspective view of a conventional example showing a nonwoven fabric bag filled with a mesh basket and a vegetation base material. (B) A sectional view of a conventional example showing a greening box and a net on a slope.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a conventional example of planting on a slope.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fibrous mat sheet 2 Soil material 3 Striated member 4 Float 5 Vegetation block base 6 Connecting part 7 Waterside plant vegetation block body 8 Land plant vegetation block body 9 Raising nursery cage 10 Frame 11 Net 12 Wheel 13 Underwater -Rule 14 Vessel 15 Bare land part 16 Restricted water level 17 Full water level 18 Anchor member 19 Anchor member 20 Reinforced earth work

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A fibrous mat sheet formed by spraying a soil material such as seeds, dead leaves, and topsoil particles of a plant collected from a vegetation community close to a slope to be vegetated to form a flat surface having a predetermined thickness, A float made of a foamed member in which a water-resistant linear member is disposed at the center or a float made of a lightweight water-resistant container is formed. The float is used as a core material and is surrounded by a fibrous mat sheet to form a tube. A vegetation block, wherein the vegetation block is used as a base. 2. A flat surface having a predetermined thickness is formed by applying a dredged soil or a buried seed of a reservoir adjacent to a slope to be vegetated as a fibrous mat sheet. The vegetation block body as described. 3. The vegetation block according to claim 1, wherein styrofoam is used as the foam member. 4. The vegetation block according to claim 1, wherein a PET bottle is used as the lightweight container. 5. The vegetation block according to claim 1, wherein connecting portions are provided at both ends of the linear member. 6. A vegetation block body in which plants have been vegetated is taken out of a nursery cage and connected to each other, and the vegetation block body is guided to a site where the vegetation block is to be installed by using a water level of a dam lake, a river or the like, and installed. A method of greening a slope using a vegetation block, wherein an anchor member is driven into a planned place in advance at an appropriate interval in a vertical direction, and the vegetation block is fixed using the anchor member. 7. The vegetation block body according to claim 6, wherein the vegetation block body is installed in several places at the installation site using the water limit time and the water full time. Construction method. 8. The vegetation block according to claim 6, wherein after fixing the vegetation block using a vertical anchor member, the anchor member is further driven from an oblique direction of the vegetation block. Greening method of slope by vegetation block. 9. A reinforced vegetation is provided at an installation site, an anchor member is driven into the reinforced earthwork, and a vegetation block is installed using the anchor member. A method for greening a slope by using the vegetation block according to item 1. 10. The framework of the nursery cage is formed by a frame, the side surface of which is surrounded by a net, and is installed on a slope of a dam lake, a river or the like at an appropriate number of places of the frame forming the lower surface side. A nursery cage that is provided with wheels that can move on an underwater rail and that can be moved in the vertical direction due to fluctuations in the water level of dam lakes and rivers.