JP2003070361A - Vegetation gear and method of greening using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a simple and convenient vegetation gear ensuring exposed applied face not to be noticeable, affording fine view, and enabling the whole applied face to be greened in early stages. SOLUTION: This vegetation gear is such that a water-permeable sheet is laid on the inner wall of a pipe the flank of which is longitudinally provided with a plurality of openings for planting or seeding and the pipe is packed with a culture medium.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vegetation tool suitable for greening wall surfaces of urban buildings and structures or steep bare slopes, and a greening method using the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Urban wall surfaces of buildings are often unsightly in terms of landscape, and they reflect heat and light from direct sunlight to cause a heat island phenomenon that impairs comfort in urban areas. Therefore, in recent years, these walls have been greened,
Attempts have been made to improve the landscape and reduce the heat island phenomenon. As such an attempt, a method of greening by providing a structure capable of stably holding a growth base such as soil on the wall surface, or a method of covering the entire wall surface with a lightweight growth base has been studied.

In the case of constructing a structure and greening it, it is expected that various plants will be introduced, but in order to maintain the weight of the structure itself, it is necessary to repair or reinforce the structure itself. It was the current situation that it would cost a lot of money to realize. Therefore, various methods for covering the entire wall surface with a lightweight growth base have been devised as a method for greening the wall surface at a lower cost. However, since the laying surface is wide, the wall surface is vertical, and at best it is a steep slope, the growth base layer thickness is
Even with a light base, there is a natural limitation due to the weight of the growing base to be constructed, and as a result, only a thin growing base can be laid. When the entire wall surface is covered with a lightweight base, the absolute amount of the base tends to be insufficient for growing various plants, and plants that can be used for greening are limited to vines such as ivy. ing.

When vine plants are used for greening the wall surface, it is generally said that a species having a slow growth rate is preferable from the viewpoint of landscape and management after growing. However, slow-growing vine plants had a problem in landscape that it took a long time to cover the target wall surface during the greening process and the exposed surface remained for a considerable period of time. On the other hand, there was a problem that when a vine plant that thrived was introduced, especially when there was a vegetation base only at the hem of the wall, the bottom of the wall was overcrowded and it took too much time to manage. A vegetation tool and a greening method capable of solving the above problems of wall greening are desired.

On the other hand, because of the steepness, it is difficult to construct a vegetation base by spraying ordinary vegetation base materials, and the slopes of dam lake shores, river dikes, etc. are currently left alone after being solidified with concrete or the like. Therefore, improvement was required for the scenery. Also, in order to forcibly green these steep slopes,
Although there have been some approaches such as stacking and fixing sandbags etc. to construct a large-scale structure on the concrete surface, there is a problem that the structure collapses due to the weight of the structure. Therefore, a vegetation tool and a greening method capable of satisfactorily greening a steep bare slope are also desired.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, when a plant of a slow-growing type is used, the exposed construction surface is not conspicuous even in the greening process before the entire construction surface is covered with the plant, and the construction surface is scenic. It is an object of the present invention to provide a convenient vegetation tool that is beautiful and that can green the entire construction surface quickly.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a vegetation tool that can green a steep bare slope.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems The inventor of the present invention provides a method for greening a wall surface or a steep bare ground slope by covering with a plant at an early stage to such an extent that the landscape of the entire construction surface is not damaged. As a result of diligent research, a large number of plant growth bases were set on the entire construction surface without being localized, as in the case where, for example, a growth base point was set on the vegetation base at the hem of the construction surface. We have developed vegetation tools that can be planted in a covered manner. According to one aspect of the invention,
There is provided a vegetation tool in which a water-permeable sheet is laid on the inner tube wall of a pipe provided with a plurality of openings for planting or sowing in the longitudinal direction of the side surface, and the pipe is filled with a culture medium. Also,
According to a further aspect of the present invention, the vegetation tool is vertically fixed to a vertical construction surface or an inclined construction surface, planting or sowing a plant, and irrigating from the top of the pipe to cure the wall surface. A greening method is provided. When the above vegetation tool is installed vertically on the construction surface, a plurality of openings provided along the vertical direction of the side surface of the pipe serve as a growth base point of the plant. Therefore, it is possible to perform greening in such a manner that the entire construction surface is uniformly covered with plants at the same time. When a plant with slow growth is used, the construction surface can be evenly planted, so the landscape will not be damaged from the early construction stage. In addition, even when a fast-growing plant is used, local overgrowth does not occur and management is easy. The vegetation tool and the greening method of the present invention can be applied to greening of bare slopes.

[0008]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the vegetation tool of the present invention,
Also, the greening method when the construction surface is a wall surface will be described, but the vegetation tool of the present invention can also be applied to the greening of a bare slope.

[0009] In urban areas, by increasing, densifying, and increasing the number of buildings such as concrete jungles, sound insulation walls such as highways as environmental measures, and as traffic congestion mitigation measures. Not only is the wall surface of exposed concrete increased due to the construction of structures such as elevated bridge beam structures due to elevated roads and railways, concrete revetments such as rivers for flood control, and as a result, they not only damage the landscape Partly because of the heat of sunlight and the reflection of light from bare concrete walls, urban areas are experiencing a phenomenon called heat islands. Improve the landscape,
And for the purpose of mitigating the heat island phenomenon, such greening of the wall surface has been examined by a method of providing a structure capable of holding a vegetation base on the wall surface, a method of covering the entire wall surface with a lightweight growth base material, etc. There were few things that I was satisfied with such as the price. Further, such greening of the wall surface has a problem that the wall surface is in a severe environment for plant growth and that there are various restrictions different from general target areas for greening. The following can be considered as constraint conditions when attempting to green the walls of such structures and structures.

(1) In many cases, there is almost no planting base, and even if there is, there is a small space available at the base of the wall for use as a planting base, or a structure where the wall can hold the planting base. It is only to secure the vegetation base by providing things. (2) Since it is located in an urban space and is adjacent to many similar facilities, unlike ordinary greening plants, usable plants cannot grow in three dimensions, such as vine plants. Limited to types. (3) Depending on the direction and angle of the wall surface, there are wall surfaces that are likely to become extremely hot due to direct sunlight, while
There are also walls where you can't expect sunshine at all. (4) It is sometimes difficult to use vines as a fulcrum because the wall material is smooth. (5) Hydration due to difficulty in securing sufficient vegetation base,
Some measures such as replenishment of fertilizer are necessary. (6) It is necessary to prevent roots from entering the wall surface and permeation of makeup water.

The inventor of the present invention has solved the above problems and the conditions to be overcome by greening the wall surface by the method described below, and has arrived at the present invention. A water-permeable sheet is attached to the inner wall of the pipe with multiple holes as growth bases in the vertical direction, and an inorganic material with excellent water retention, air permeability, and fertilizing properties, and an aggregate structure are also placed inside the water-permeable sheet. Fill the soil with it to make a vegetation tool. A plurality of vegetation tools obtained in this way are arranged in parallel along the lengthwise direction of the construction surface at intervals, and fixed using a fixing tool such as a band so that the opening is horizontal to the wall surface. To do. By irrigating the top of the pipe of the installed vegetation tool with drip, etc., even the slow-growing vine plants can be planted on the entire wall without damaging the landscape from the early stage of construction.

The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 respectively show a perspective view and a cross-sectional view of one aspect of the vegetation tool of the present invention. In FIG. 1, the vegetation tool 1 has a plurality of openings 3 along the longitudinal direction of the side surface of the pipe 2. This opening 3 is a hole for planting or sowing a plant. In FIG. 2, a water-permeable sheet 4 is laid on the inner wall of the pipe 2, and a culture medium 5 is filled therein. 3 and 4 respectively show a front view and a side view of a construction surface (wall surface) on which the vegetation tool of the present invention is arranged. As shown in FIG. 3, the vegetation tool is usually arranged vertically on the construction surface so that a plurality of vegetation tools are arranged in parallel. By arranging in this way, the growth base points for greening will be uniformly distributed over the entire wall surface. At the top of the wall surface of FIGS. 3 and 4, the hydration device 6 is shown. The hydration device 6 allows watering and curing from the top of the vegetation tool 1. FIG. 5: has shown the perspective view of the wall surface greened using the vegetation tool of this invention.
It can be seen that plants grow evenly on the entire wall surface because the growth base points consisting of the openings of the vegetation tools are evenly distributed on the entire wall surface.

As a pipe for a vegetation tool which is a holder for a vegetation base, a plastic pipe such as hard vinyl chloride, polypropylene, polypropylene-ethylene vinyl acetate or the like can be used. Pipe diameter is usually 5 cm to 20 c
It is about m, for example, about 10 cm. The pipe diameter can be appropriately selected in consideration of the size of the wall surface to be constructed, etc., but a pipe with an outer diameter of approximately 10 cm is used as a standard. Although openings are provided on the side surface of the pipe, they are preferably provided alternately on the left and right as shown in FIG. This is because in such a case, the plant can grow so as to spread on the wall surface. The size and spacing of the openings provided on the side of the pipe for vegetation are not particularly limited, but generally the openings are 1/5 to 1/3 of the pipe diameter, that is, if the pipe diameter is 10 cm, the diameter is about 2 to 3 cm. It is desirable that the distance is 0.5 to 3 with respect to the tube diameter 1, that is, if the tube diameter is 10 cm, it is alternately provided every 5 to 30 cm.

The outer surface of the pipe is preferably processed so as to have the appearance of a tree trunk so as not to impair the view of the wall surface. The pipe processed in this way is called a pseudo tree.

A water-permeable sheet is laid on the inner wall of the pipe. The water permeable sheet is laid so that water does not stay in the pipe for a long period of time so that it will rot.
The water permeable sheet is usually formed from a non-woven fabric. The sheet is, for example, corrosion-resistant polyamide fiber, polyester fiber, polyolefin fiber, polyvinyl alcohol fiber,
A synthetic fiber such as polyurethane fiber, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride fiber, or polyacrylonitrile fiber is used alone or is formed by mixing them.
Further, a non-woven fabric made of a mixture of these synthetic fibers, natural fibers such as cotton, silk and wool, and artificial fibers such as rayon, cupra and acetate may be used. The thickness of the sheet is 0.3 to 2 cm, preferably about 0.5 cm. When the thickness is 0.3 cm or less, the strength, water retention capacity and water permeability are insufficient, and the workability when laying a sheet in a pipe is difficult. Further, when the thickness is 2 cm or more, it is excellent in water retention ability, water permeability, and strength, but it is not preferable for plant growth because the amount of the culture medium to be filled inside is limited.

The culture medium is filled inside the pipe in which the water-permeable sheet is laid on the inner wall of the pipe. The culture medium is usually a mixture of inorganic materials such as perlite and vermiculite, which are highly water-permeable, breathable and water-retaining, and vegetative soil, which is highly fertile, water-permeable and breathable, and has an aggregate structure. It was done.

A water-permeable sheet is laid on the inner wall of a pipe having a plurality of openings along the longitudinal direction and a culture medium is filled in the water-permeable sheet. The vegetation tool of the present invention is obtained by planting seeds or plant seedlings. This vegetation tool is fixedly installed in the vertical direction of the wall so that the opening is horizontal to the wall. Depending on the width of the wall, vegetation is usually
Multiple units are installed in parallel at appropriate intervals. In such a case, it is desirable to fix each vegetation tool using a fixing tool such as a band.

The length of the pipe can be appropriately selected depending on the height and inclination of the wall surface, but from the viewpoint of workability and load resistance, it is 100 to 100.
About 200 m is desirable, and if necessary, a plurality of pipes can be joined by using a joining tool. In addition, when using the joining tool, in order to prevent the movement of the culture medium to the lower part,
The lowermost part of the water-permeable sheet laid on the inner wall of the pipe is formed into a bag shape, or a joint part in which a net is stretched in the radial direction of the inner pipe of the connector is used.

The pipe installation interval is not particularly limited, and the area, shape, orientation, slope and surrounding climatic conditions of the wall surface to be greened,
Although it can be appropriately selected depending on the plant species used for greening, it is generally desirable to install at intervals of about 100 to 200 cm.

Furthermore, it assists the spread of plants between vegetation tools,
In addition, a vegetation base material including wood chips (chips) or a lightweight vegetation base material may be sprayed on the wall surface or a net may be stretched to improve the entanglement with the wall surface.

The uppermost portion of the vegetation tool installed on the wall surface is in an open state, and water and, if necessary, fertilizer as an aqueous solution are supplied by a water supply device. The replenished water and the like are transmitted through the water permeable sheet and permeate into the culture medium, and the excess water and the like are drained from the water drain port provided at the bottom of the vegetation tool.

By using the vegetation tool of the present invention, the vegetation base can be secured, water and fertilizer can be easily supplied, and the management of green plants can be facilitated due to the large number of growth bases. Since it is rare, the base itself is protected from direct sunlight and wind damage, and the main root is kept in the dark part physiologically necessary without being damaged by wind, and since the main root is inside the pipe, it does not invade the wall surface, Since the waterway does not touch the wall surface, it does not penetrate into the wall surface, which facilitates greening, and especially vines can be used easily.

Furthermore, since the plants start to grow from a large number of vegetation tool openings on the entire wall surface, greening over the entire wall surface is possible at an early stage, and even when slow-growing vine plants are used,
The exposed surface is immediately greened after construction, which is a favorable condition for the landscape. Also, when vine plants with poor growth environment and slow growth rate cannot be used for early greening, planting and sowing seeds with fast growth rate instead of slow growth rate. You can also do it. In such a case, the same effect as when using a vine plant having a slow growth rate in a normal growth environment is obtained.

The plant which can be used in the present invention is selected in consideration of the structure, form, scale and direction of the wall surface, the weather conditions and location conditions of the place where the wall surface is located, etc. Is used.

Among the vines, slow-growing species such as Pleurotus cornucopiae, Pleurotus cornucopiae, Pleurotus cornucopiae, and Tsurumasaki, and Hedera species, Mube, Akkebi, and species having a moderate growth rate, Gypsophila chinensis, Kiwi, Chigane vine, American ivy Nostella chinensis, etc., and vines, honeysuckle, wisteria, etc., which are the fastest growing species, are selected and used according to the appropriate conditions.

[0026]

EXAMPLES Example 1 Wall surfaces were greened using the vegetation tool according to the present invention. 1. Experiment a. Preparation of vegetation A hard vinyl chloride pipe having a length of 1 m and an inner diameter of 10 cm was provided with circular openings alternately on the side surface at a diameter of 2 cm and intervals of 10 cm. A 0.5 cm-thick humus-resistant non-woven fabric was laid on the inner wall of an open rigid vinyl chloride pipe, and one was tied with a string to form a bag. B. Culture medium Kuroboku soil, organic compost, fiber content, perlite and balm iculite were mixed in an amount of 30, 30, 20, 10 and 10 L, respectively, and aggregated using a polymer flocculant. C. Wall greening test Height of 2m, width of 4m, slanted vertical wall is made with slate plate, except for both ends, two vegetation tools are connected at intervals of 1m, and three fixed installations are placed so that the openings are horizontal to the wall. did. Before installing the vegetation tool obtained in this way, cut the non-woven fabric that covers the opening and cut the squid sapling (about 6 cm)
4 were planted. An irrigation device was installed on the top of the vegetation tool, and piped to appropriately irrigate.

2. Results Immediately after the start of the test (early April), we thrive and start growing,
From mid-April, the seedlings started to grow and spread along the wall. About 1 to 2 months after the transplantation, almost all the vines were spread over the entire test wall, and after 3 to 4 months, the wall surface was covered with dense green.

Comparative Example 1 A wall surface was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, a vegetation base was created using the culture medium prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and the same stilt vine as in Example 1 was formed at the hem of the wall surface. Were planted, irrigated appropriately and compared. Results After May, the plant grew to a height of about 70 to 90 cm, but the upper slate plate remained bare.

Comparative Example 2 A wall surface was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, a vegetation base was formed by using the culture medium prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and a seedling of Natsumi vine was planted and appropriately watered. . As a result, after about 3 months, the tip of the vine exceeded 2 m, and the lower part of the wall surface became overgrown, and the first pruning was performed. After 5 months, the lower part again swelled, so it was pruned.

Comparing Example 1 with Comparative Examples 1 and 2, in Comparative Examples 1 and 2, only the lower part of the wall surface was greened, but the upper part was not greened well, and only the lower part was excessive. Since it is in a state of overgrowth, it is necessary to prun frequently,
In contrast to the time and labor required for management, in Example 1, the wall surface can be uniformly greened immediately after the experiment,
A good landscape can be obtained at an early stage, and management such as pruning due to overcrowding is not required.

[0031]

By using the vegetation tool of the present invention, the entire wall surface can be uniformly greened.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of one aspect of a vegetation tool of the present invention.

FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of the vegetation tool of FIG.

FIG. 3 shows a front view of a wall surface on which a vegetation tool is arranged.

FIG. 4 shows a side view of a wall surface on which a vegetation tool is arranged.

FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of a wall surface greened using a vegetation tool.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Vegetation tool 2 ... pipe 3 ... Opening 4 ... Water-permeable sheet 5 ... Culture medium 6 ... Hydration device

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Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A vegetation tool in which a water-permeable sheet is laid on the inner tube wall of a pipe provided with a plurality of openings for planting or sowing in the longitudinal direction of the side surface, and the pipe is filled with a culture medium. 2. The vegetation tool according to claim 1, wherein the culture medium to be filled in the pipe is a mixture of a material rich in aeration and water permeability and a material rich in water retention and aggregated soil. 3. The vegetation tool according to claim 1, wherein the plant to be planted is a vine plant. 4. The vegetation tool according to claim 1, wherein the pipe is a pseudo tree. 5. The vegetation tool according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is fixed in a vertical direction on a vertical construction surface or an inclined construction surface, and a plant is planted or sown, and from the top of the pipe. A method of greening the walls by irrigation and curing. 6. The greening method according to claim 5, wherein the construction surface is a wall surface of a building. 7. The construction surface is a bare slope,
The described greening method.