CN110800538A - Reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt slope protection structure and reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt slope vegetation recovery method - Google Patents
Reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt slope protection structure and reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt slope vegetation recovery method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110800538A CN110800538A CN201911197879.2A CN201911197879A CN110800538A CN 110800538 A CN110800538 A CN 110800538A CN 201911197879 A CN201911197879 A CN 201911197879A CN 110800538 A CN110800538 A CN 110800538A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
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Abstract
The application relates to the field of water and soil conservation, in particular to a reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt side slope protection structure and a reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt side slope vegetation recovery method. Reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt side slope protective structure includes: the wave-proof column can be used for the tree trunk to pass through; the wave-resistant column is embedded in the side slope of the hydro-fluctuation belt of the reservoir, and the upstream surface at the upper end of the wave-resistant column is provided with a wave-eliminating convex body; and a plant growth roll pre-provided with herbaceous plants; the plant growth roll can be fixed on the side slope of the reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt through a fixing piece; at least one plant growth roll is arranged between two adjacent wave-resisting columns along the direction from the slope bottom to the slope top of the side slope of the hydro-fluctuation belt of the reservoir. The method has the advantages of small soil moving engineering quantity and small slope disturbance, and the anti-erosion capability of the soil is improved. On the basis of effectively recovering the forest and grass vegetation in the hydro-fluctuation belt, the disturbance of the traditional land preparation mode for planting trees and grass in the hydro-fluctuation belt to the soil is greatly reduced, and the method has the characteristics of better preventing water and soil loss and preserving water and fertilizer.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of water and soil conservation, in particular to a reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt side slope protection structure and a reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt side slope vegetation recovery method.
Background
The large-scale reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt is influenced by the water regulation rhythm of the reservoir and suffers from the alternate action of periodic high-pressure flooding and high-amplitude dry and wet, the underlying surface conditions of vegetation, soil and the like are changed greatly in a short period, and the special hydrological environment induces strong soil erosion and vegetation succession extinction and loses the important ecological service function.
The reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt suffers from 2 special soil erosion processes of surface runoff along slope surface scouring and wave along and against slope surface reciprocating elutriation, and the erosion is severe. The traditional high-standard reinforced concrete engineering can effectively stabilize the bank slope and protect the soil, but the defects of high cost, poor landscape effect, no contribution to plant growth and the like are also very obvious. Therefore, it is a trend to adopt semi-concrete, i.e., flexible engineering, or soil plant engineering techniques to promote good interaction between vegetation and soil. The method mainly comprises the steps of constructing systems such as steep slope soil-fixing retaining, slope vegetation slope protection and the like through micro-terrain reconstruction, for example, building or laying ecological bank protection forms such as vegetation bricks, fish nest bricks, ecological revetments, retaining walls, ecological bags, ecological vegetation concrete, gabion gabions, net hanging and soil replacement and the like, and combining arbor, shrub and grass planting to fix soil and slope protection.
However, the existing ecological bank protection mode generally has the defects of high construction cost, large disturbance intensity, poor ecological landscape effect and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the embodiment of the application is to provide a reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt side slope protection structure and a reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt side slope vegetation restoration method, and the purpose is to provide a low-cost and biological compound ecological bank protection structure.
The application first aspect provides a reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt side slope protection structure, and reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt side slope protection structure includes:
the wave-proof column can be used for the tree trunk to pass through; the wave-resistant column is embedded in the side slope of the hydro-fluctuation belt of the reservoir, and the upstream surface at the upper end of the wave-resistant column is provided with a wave-eliminating convex body; and
a plant growth roll with herbaceous plants in advance; the plant growth roll can be fixed on the side slope of the reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt through a fixing piece;
at least one plant growth roll is arranged between two adjacent wave-resisting columns along the direction from the slope bottom to the slope top of the side slope of the hydro-fluctuation belt of the reservoir.
The arbor is planted through the wave column, and the burying of the wave column only needs local cave-shaped soil preparation. The plant growth roll can avoid digging and soil preparation of the side slope of the hydro-fluctuation belt of the reservoir, reduce the surface disturbance of the hydro-fluctuation belt to the maximum extent and reduce the new loose soil body. The wave-proof column is utilized to plant arbor, and the plant-growing roll is utilized to plant herbaceous plants, so as to build the standing condition that the forest and grass grow well. The method is characterized in that a herbaceous layer is formed under the forest along with the survival growth of perennial herbaceous plants, the underground root system is coiled and consolidated with surface soil, the overground part is covered with water flow and wave scour prevention on the surface of the land, and the erosion resistance of the side slope soil of the reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt is improved. The coverage of the forest and the grass is greatly increased.
In some embodiments of the first aspect of the present application, a planting blanket is disposed in the wave column, the planting blanket is provided with a through hole for the trunk of the arbor to pass through, and a seam penetrating through the through hole and the outer edge of the planting blanket.
In some embodiments of the first aspect of the present application, the planting carpet is buried in soil around the planting carpet, and the stitching port is fixed to the soil by a fixing member.
The planting blanket can protect newly reclaimed soil of the wave-proof column from being attacked and splashed by raindrops, washed by surface runoff and elutriated by waves on one hand, and can effectively reduce the evaporation of soil moisture on the other hand, thereby playing the roles of preserving soil moisture, increasing temperature, preventing insects, preventing soil hardening, inhibiting weeds, promoting the early activity of root systems and improving the survival rate of fixedly planted trees.
In some embodiments of the first aspect of the present application, side holes for allowing root systems of trees to pass through are formed around the lower end of the wave-proof column.
In some embodiments of the first aspect of the present application, the wave-breaking pillars are vertically buried in the slope of the hydro-fluctuation belt of the reservoir.
In some embodiments of the first aspect of the present application, the wave-breaking column is formed by splicing two half-arc baffles, the wave-breaking convex bodies are strip-shaped members extending in a vertical direction, and a semi-cylindrical groove is formed between two adjacent wave-breaking convex bodies.
In some embodiments of the first aspect of the present application, the fixing member is a U-shaped insertion rod, and both free ends of the U-shaped insertion rod are inserted into the side slope of the hydro-fluctuation belt of the reservoir; the U-shaped inserted bar and the side slope of the reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt jointly restrain the plant growth roll.
A second aspect of the present application provides a method for restoring vegetation on a side slope of a reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt based on the above first aspect, including:
arranging planting holes on the side slope of the reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt, embedding wave-proof columns in the planting holes, planting trees in the wave-proof columns, and fixing the plant growth rolls on the side slope of the reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt;
at least one plant growth roll is arranged between two adjacent wave-resisting columns along the direction from the slope bottom to the slope top of the side slope of the hydro-fluctuation belt of the reservoir.
The method for restoring the vegetation on the side slope of the reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt has the advantages of small soil moving engineering amount and small slope disturbance, and the anti-erosion capacity of soil is improved. On the basis of effectively recovering the forest and grass vegetation in the hydro-fluctuation belt, the disturbance of the traditional land preparation mode for planting trees and grass in the hydro-fluctuation belt to the soil is greatly reduced, and the method has the characteristics of better preventing water and soil loss and preserving water and fertilizer.
In some embodiments of the second aspect of the present application, the arbor is selected from at least one of willow, cedar and mulberry.
Willow, pond fir and mulberry are resistant to flooding and water and are easy to survive.
In some embodiments of the second aspect of the present application, the above-mentioned herbaceous plant is a clonal plant;
optionally, the herb is selected from at least one of bermuda grass and pachyrhizus.
The stem nodes of stolons of bermudagrass and the wild sweet potato can be rapidly expanded and bred from point to surface to form a herbaceous layer under the forest and maintain the soil.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from the drawings without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating a side slope protection structure of a reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt provided by an embodiment of the application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating a first view angle of a wave breaker provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating a second view angle of the wave breaker provided by the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of a planting blanket provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Icon: 100-reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt slope protection structure; 101-reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt side slope; 102-arbor; 103-herbaceous plants; 110-wave-resistant columns; 1101-tree hole; 111-wave relief convex body; 112-a groove; 113-a side hole; 114-planting blanket; 115-through holes; 116-a suture opening; 120-plant growing roll; 121-fixing member.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application, generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, can be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be understood that the indicated orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, or the orientations or positional relationships that the products of the application usually place when in use, or the orientations or positional relationships that the skilled person usually understands, are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, and do not indicate or imply that the indicated devices or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the application.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood in a specific case by those of ordinary skill in the art.
The existing ecological bank protection mode generally has the defects of high construction cost, high disturbance intensity, poor stability, difficult implementation, poor ecological landscape effect and the like, and is difficult to popularize in large areas on the hydro-fluctuation belt slope of the river channel type reservoir in the mountainous area. Particularly, the consideration of the coupling effect of 2 erosion forces of surface runoff along-slope surface scouring and wave along-slope and inverse-slope surface reciprocating scouring is lacked in the construction design, for example, the soil filled in the hollow part of the vegetation brick is not specially designed for wave prevention and is easy to be eroded by waves, and the extremely serious soil loss phenomenon exists within one to three years after the construction is finished. Although the direct planting of trees and shrubs is low in cost and easy to operate, in the planting process, the tree planting and the grass planting need to carry out land preparation treatment such as turning over slope surface soil, excavating horizontal grooves and planting holes on a compensation zone, the land preparation mode with high disturbance degree has large excavation soil-moving engineering quantity and strong slope disturbance, so that the original cover of the surface soil is seriously damaged, the physical characteristics and the particle structure of the soil are changed, the corrosion resistance of the soil is greatly reduced, the formed soil bench type or pit-shaped local terrain also has the problems of unstable structure and the like, and the surface runoff and frequent wave action generated by strong rainfall cause that the water and soil loss is greatly increased before land preparation due to the large-range disturbance of a large amount of loose soil bodies. The newly ploughed loose slope and the excavated planting groove are influenced by water erosion and wave erosion for a long time, effective protective measures are lacked, the problems that grass seeds are washed away together with surface soil and the soil at the root of the planted nursery stock is washed away and lost exist, the survival rate and the preservation rate of vegetation in the later period are low, a plurality of degenerated low-efficiency artificial forest grasslands are formed, and the water and soil conservation benefit is low.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt side slope protection structure 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application, and referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt side slope protection structure 100, and vegetation of a reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt side slope 101 is restored mainly on the reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt side slope 101 by planting trees 102 and herbaceous plants 103.
In detail, the slope protection structure 100 of the hydro-fluctuation belt of the reservoir mainly comprises a wave-proof column 110 and a plant-growing roll 120. The wave-proof column 110 and the plant-growing roll 120 are both arranged on the reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt side slope 101, and the wave-proof column 110 and the plant-growing roll 120 are both fixedly arranged on the reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt side slope 101.
The breakwaters 110 mainly allow the trunk of the tree 102 to pass through to fix the tree 102, and in addition, the breakwaters 110 reduce the impact force of waves, thereby preventing the tree 102 and the side slope 101 of the hydro-fluctuation belt from being excessively washed.
In the present embodiment, the breakwater column 110 is vertically buried in the side slope 101 of the hydro-fluctuation belt of the reservoir. In other words, as shown in fig. 1, the direction of the wave pillars 110 is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and correspondingly perpendicular to the water surface, and the wave pillars 110 form an acute angle with the side slope 101 of the hydro-fluctuation belt of the reservoir.
The wave-proof column 110 is vertically embedded in the side slope 101 of the reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt, sludge is easy to store between the upper end surface of the wave-proof column 110 and the side slope 101 of the reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt, the stored sludge is not easy to be carried away by water waves, and the later-stage plant growth is facilitated.
It should be noted that in other embodiments of the present application, the extending direction of the wave pillars 110 is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, which does not only mean that the wave pillars 110 are absolutely perpendicular to the horizontal plane, but should have some error, for example, the wave pillars 110 are disposed at an angle of 85 ° to 95 ° with respect to the horizontal plane, such as 85 °, 86 °, 88 °, 90 °, 92 °, or 95 °.
Further, in other embodiments of the present application, the wave pillars 110 may not be perpendicular to the horizontal plane, for example, the wave pillars 110 may also be perpendicular to the surface of the side slopes 101 of the hydro-fluctuation belt of the reservoir.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating a first view angle of the wave-breaking pillar 110 according to an embodiment of the present application, and referring to fig. 2, the wave-breaking pillar 110 has a tree hole 1101 through which the trunk of the arbor 102 can pass, and the tree hole 1101 extends along the height direction of the wave-breaking pillar 110 and penetrates through the top end and the bottom end of the wave-breaking pillar 110.
The wave preventing column 110 is provided with a wave dissipating convex body 111, the wave dissipating convex body 111 is arranged on the upstream surface of the upper end of the wave preventing column 110, in the embodiment of the application, the upper end of the wave preventing column 110 means that after the wave preventing column 110 is embedded in the reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt side slope 101, one end of the wave preventing column 110 far away from the reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt side slope 101, and the wave dissipating convex body 111 covers the surface of the wave preventing column 110 exposed out of the reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt side slope 101. Further, the upstream surface refers to a surface of the outer surface of the wave breaker 110 near the river.
In the embodiment of the present application, the wave breaking protrusions 111 are provided on the entire outer surface of the upper end of the wave preventing column 110, and in other embodiments of the present application, the wave breaking protrusions 111 may be provided only on the outer surface of the river near the upper end of the wave preventing column 110.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a second view angle of the wave-breaking column 110 according to the embodiment of the present application, please refer to fig. 3, in which the wave-breaking protrusions 111 are strip-shaped bumps, and a plurality of wave-breaking protrusions 111 are arranged at intervals along the periphery of the wave-breaking column 110. Further, in the embodiment of the present application, the top of the wave-breaking protrusions 111 is an arc surface, and the top of the plurality of wave-breaking protrusions 111 forms a cylindrical surface. In other words, the surfaces of the wave breaking protrusions 111 away from the center of the wave-breaking column 110 are arc-shaped surfaces, and the radius of the arc-shaped surface of each wave breaking protrusion 111 is the same.
In this embodiment, both sides of the wave-breaking convex bodies 111 are arc surfaces, and a semi-cylindrical groove 112 is formed between two adjacent wave-breaking convex bodies 111; in other words, the opposite surfaces of two adjacent wave-breaking protrusions 111 are arc surfaces, and a semi-cylindrical groove 112 is formed between two adjacent wave-breaking protrusions 111.
The wave-dissipating convex body 111 provided by the embodiment disturbs water flow in the wave diffusion direction to form a turbulent flow structure, so that waves are reduced, and the impact force of the waves is reduced; the growth of trees can be well maintained, and accordingly, the impact of waves on the side slope 101 of the hydro-fluctuation belt of the reservoir is reduced.
In other embodiments of the present application, the wave breaking protrusions 111 may have other structures, for example, the wave breaking protrusions 111 are cylinders, and the wave breaking protrusions 111 extend away from the center of the wave-breaking pillar 110. Alternatively, the wave-breaking protrusions 111 are hemispherical, and a plurality of wave-breaking protrusions 111 are arranged at intervals. Alternatively, the wave dissipating protrusions 111 are triangular pyramids, and the wave dissipating protrusions 111 extend in a direction away from the tree hole 1101 of the wave column 110. Alternatively, the wave-breaking protrusions 111 have other irregular shapes.
Referring to fig. 2 again, in the present embodiment, side holes 113 for allowing the root system of the arbor 102 to pass through are formed around the lower end of the wave-breaking column 110. Correspondingly, the lower end of the wave-proof column 110 is embedded at one end of the reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt side slope 101, the lower end of the wave-proof column 110 is embedded at the reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt side slope 101, a side hole 113 for allowing the root system of the arbor 102 to penetrate is formed in the lower end of the wave-proof column 110, growth of the arbor 102 is facilitated, the root system of the arbor 102 extends along the periphery of the wave-proof column 110, vegetation recovery is accelerated, and meanwhile the planted arbor can quickly prick the root of the reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt side slope 101. The side holes 113 are provided in the side wall of the breakwater column 110, and the plurality of side holes 113 are provided at intervals. The main function of the side holes 113 is to prevent the lower half of the wave-proof column 110 from affecting the water-gas exchange between the soil in the hole and the soil of the external slope, and to prevent the lateral roots of the trees from growing.
In other embodiments of the present application, the side hole 113 may not be provided, and the root system of the arbor 102 may directly penetrate through the lower end of the wave column 110.
Referring again to fig. 2 and 3, in the present embodiment, the wave breaker 110 is generally cylindrical, and accordingly, the tree hole 1101 for the trunk of the tree 102 to pass through is also a cylindrical hole. In other embodiments of the present application, the wave breaker column 110 may have other shapes, for example, a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape, a polygonal prism shape, or the like, and the tree hole 1101 for allowing the trunk of the tree 102 to pass through therein may be a cylindrical hole, a rectangular parallelepiped shape, a polygonal prism shape, or the like.
Referring again to fig. 3, in the present application, the wave column 110 is formed by splicing two half-arc baffles. In other words, in the present application, the wave column 110 includes two half-arcs spliced into a cylindrical wave column 110. The wave-preventing column 110 is provided with two semi-arc baffles, which is beneficial for the wave-preventing column 110 to be buried in the side slope 101 of the hydro-fluctuation belt of the reservoir.
In other embodiments of the present application, the wave pillars 110 may also be integrally formed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the wave column 110 may be formed by splicing three, four or more baffles.
Further, in order to keep the soil in the wave column 110 as much as possible and avoid the soil at the root of the arbor 102 in the wave column 110 from running off with the water waves, in the present application, a planting blanket 114 is provided in the wave column 110. Referring to fig. 4, the structure of the planting carpet 114 is not shown in fig. 1, and fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the planting carpet 114 provided in the present embodiment, and referring to fig. 4, the planting carpet 114 is provided with a through hole 115 for the trunk of the arbor 102 to pass through, and a stitching 116 penetrating through the through hole 115 and the outer edge of the planting carpet 114.
In other words, the planting carpet 114 is disposed inside the wave column 110, and is mainly used for restraining soil inside the wave column 110. The middle of the planting carpet 114 is provided with a through hole 115 for the trunk of the arbor 102 to pass through, the planting carpet 114 is further provided with a sewing opening 116, and the sewing opening 116 passes through the through hole 115 and the outer edge of the planting carpet 114.
In the present embodiment, the planting carpet 114 is sleeved on the trunk of the arbor 102 after the arbor 102 is planted. Therefore, the trunk of the arbor 102 is passed through the through hole 115 and then both sides of the sewing opening 116 are connected for fixing.
In this application, in order to prevent the planting carpet 114 from being separated from the wave preventing column 110 by the water waves, the periphery of the planting carpet 114 is buried in the soil, and the sewing opening 116 is fixed to the soil by a fixing member.
In other words, the periphery of the planting carpet 114 extends into the soil in the wave-proof column 110, so as to prevent the planting carpet 114 from separating from the wave-proof column 110 under the action of the soil, and the two sides of the sewing opening 116 are fixed with the soil through the fixing components, so as to prevent the sewing opening 116 of the planting carpet 114 from being torn off under the action of water waves.
In this embodiment, the planting blanket 114 is driven into the soil by the nail and rake rivets. In other embodiments of the present application, the planter blankets 114 may also be buried in the soil by other securing assemblies, such as by stones, stakes, etc.
Bearing the above, the reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt slope protection structure 100 further comprises a plant-growing roll 120. At least one plant growth roll 120 is arranged between two adjacent wave-resisting columns 110 along the direction from the slope bottom to the slope top of the reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt side slope 101. In other words, one or more plant growth rolls 120 are arranged between two adjacent wave-resisting columns 110 in the upward direction of the slope of the hydro-fluctuation belt side slope 101 of the reservoir. In the present embodiment, referring to fig. 1, a plant growth roll 120 is disposed between two adjacent wave-resisting columns 110. In other embodiments of the present application, two, three, or more plant growth rolls 120 may be disposed between two adjacent wave preventing columns 110.
It should be noted that, a row of plant growth rolls 120, or a row of plant growth rolls 120, and also a row of plant growth rolls 120 may be disposed on the same horizontal plane on the surface of the hydro-fluctuation belt side slope 101 of the reservoir in the horizontal plane direction.
In the present application, the plant-growing roll 120 is a coconut silk plant-growing roll, the mesh of the plant-growing roll 120 is dense and has a size that allows the stems of the herbaceous plant 103 to smoothly pass through, and planting soil, a nutrient medium and a water-retaining agent are preset.
Referring to fig. 1 again, herbaceous plants 103 are pre-placed in the plant-growing roll 120, and the plant-growing roll 120 is fixed to the side slope 101 of the hydro-fluctuation belt of the reservoir through a fixing member 121. In the embodiment of the application, the fixing member 121 is a U-shaped insertion rod, and both free ends of the U-shaped insertion rod are inserted into the side slope 101 of the hydro-fluctuation belt of the reservoir; the U-shaped inserted bar and the reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt side slope 101 jointly restrain the plant growth roll 120.
In other words, both ends of the U-shaped insertion rod are inserted into the side slopes 101 of the hydro-fluctuation belt of the reservoir, and the cross rod of the U-shaped insertion rod supports the plant-growing roll 120 to restrain the plant-growing roll 120.
It should be noted that, in other embodiments of the present application, the fixing member 121 may have other structures, for example, the fixing member 121 may be three fixing rod assemblies, the three fixing rods are inserted into the hydro-fluctuation belt slope 101 in a triangular shape, and all of the three fixing rod assemblies abut against the plant-growth roll 120 to restrain the plant-growth roll 120. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the fixing member 121 may also include a plurality of fixing pins, and the plurality of fixing pins fix the plant growth roll 120 to the hydro-fluctuation belt slope 101 of the reservoir.
The plant growth roll 120 is used for planting the herbaceous plant 103 without ploughing the surface soil of the slope, and is used for providing a substrate condition for the herbaceous plant 103 to propagate and grow.
The embodiment of the application provides a reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt side slope protective structure 100's main advantage lies in:
the arbor 102 is planted through the wave column 110, and the burying of the wave column 110 requires only local hole-shaped soil preparation. The plant growth roll 120 can avoid digging and soil preparation of the side slope 101 of the hydro-fluctuation belt of the reservoir, reduce the surface disturbance of the hydro-fluctuation belt to the maximum extent and reduce the new loose soil. The wave-proof column 110 is used for planting the arbor 102, the plant-growing roll 120 is used for planting the herbaceous plant 103, and the standing condition that the forest and the grass grow well is created. As the perennial herbaceous plants 103 survive and grow, a herbaceous layer is formed under the forest, the underground root system is coiled and consolidated with surface soil, the overground part is covered with the herbaceous plant, water flow and wave scour on the surface of the land are blocked, and the anti-erosion performance of the soil of the side slope 101 of the water-level fluctuation zone of the reservoir is improved. The coverage of the forest and the grass is greatly increased.
The planting carpet 114 can protect the newly-reclaimed soil of the wave-proof post 110 from being hit by raindrops, splashed, washed by surface runoff and washed by waves on the one hand, and can effectively reduce the evaporation of soil moisture on the other hand, thereby playing roles of preserving soil moisture, increasing temperature, preventing insects, preventing soil hardening, inhibiting weeds, promoting the early activity of root systems and improving the survival of the fixed planting trees.
The application also provides a reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt slope vegetation recovery method, which mainly comprises the following steps based on the reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt slope protection structure 100:
arranging planting holes on the side slope 101 of the hydro-fluctuation belt of the reservoir, burying wave-proof columns 110 in the planting holes, planting trees 102 in the wave-proof columns 110, and fixing the plant-growing rolls 120 on the side slope 101 of the hydro-fluctuation belt of the reservoir;
at least one plant growth roll 120 is arranged between two adjacent wave-resisting columns 110 along the direction from the slope bottom to the slope top of the reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt side slope 101.
In some embodiments of the present application, the arbor is selected from at least one of willow, cedar and mulberry. In other embodiments, the arbor 102 may be of other types that are waterflooding resistant. Further, the row spacing and the plant spacing between the planting holes can be determined according to the biological characteristics of the arbor.
In some embodiments of the present application, the above-described herbaceous plant 103 is a clonal plant; the stem nodes of the stolons of the clonal plants can be rapidly expanded and bred from point to surface to form a herbaceous layer under the forest. For example, the herb 103 may be selected from at least one of bermudagrass and pachyrhizus. In other embodiments, other clonal plants can be selected.
The method for restoring the vegetation on the side slope of the reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt has the advantages of small soil moving engineering amount and small slope disturbance, and the anti-erosion capacity of soil is improved. On the basis of effectively recovering the forest and grass vegetation in the hydro-fluctuation belt, the disturbance of the traditional land preparation mode for planting trees and grass in the hydro-fluctuation belt to the soil is greatly reduced, and the method has the characteristics of better preventing water and soil loss and preserving water and fertilizer.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt side slope protective structure, its characterized in that, reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt side slope protective structure includes:
the wave-proof columns are provided with tree holes for arbors to pass through; one end of the wave-resisting column is embedded in a slope of a hydro-fluctuation belt of the reservoir, and a wave-eliminating convex body is arranged on the upstream surface of the upper end of the wave-resisting column; and
a plurality of plant-grown rolls having herbs; the plant growth roll is fixed on the side slope of the reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt through a fixing piece;
and at least one plant growth roll is arranged between two adjacent wave-resisting columns along the direction from the slope bottom to the slope top of the side slope of the hydro-fluctuation belt of the reservoir.
2. The structure of claim 1, wherein a planting blanket is arranged in the wave-proof column, the planting blanket is provided with a through hole for a tree trunk to pass through, and a sewing opening penetrating through the through hole and the outer edge of the planting blanket.
3. The structure of claim 2, wherein the planting carpet is embedded in the soil at the periphery, and the stitching opening is fixed to the soil through a fixing component.
4. The structure of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein side holes for allowing root systems of trees to pass through are formed around the lower ends of the wave-breaking pillars.
5. The structure of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the breakwaters are vertically buried in the side slope of the hydro-fluctuation belt of the reservoir.
6. The structure of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the wave-dissipating projections are strips extending in a vertical direction, and a semi-cylindrical groove is formed between two adjacent wave-dissipating projections.
7. The structure of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the fixing member is a U-shaped insertion rod, and both free ends of the U-shaped insertion rod are inserted into the side slope of the hydro-fluctuation belt of the reservoir; the U-shaped inserted bar and the side slope of the reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt jointly restrain the plant-growing roll.
8. A method for restoring vegetation on a side slope of a hydro-fluctuation belt of a reservoir based on the protection structure of the side slope of the hydro-fluctuation belt of the reservoir of any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising:
arranging planting holes on the side slope of the reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt, burying the wave-proof columns in the planting holes, planting trees in the wave-proof columns, and fixing the plant-growing rolls on the side slope of the reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt;
and at least one plant growth roll is arranged between two adjacent wave-resisting columns along the direction from the slope bottom to the slope top of the side slope of the hydro-fluctuation belt of the reservoir.
9. The method of recovering vegetation on a slope of a hydro-fluctuation belt of a reservoir as set forth in claim 8, wherein the tree is at least one selected from the group consisting of willow, cedar and mulberry.
10. The method for restoring vegetation on a slope of a hydro-fluctuation belt of a reservoir according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the herbaceous plant is a clonal plant;
optionally, the herbaceous plant is selected from at least one of bermudagrass and pachyrhizus.
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