JP2015101940A - Nonwoven fabric, and erosion prevention material using the same and erosion prevention method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a nonwoven fabric and an erosion prevention material which can protect a slope and are suitable for being used when drilling work is performed upon being installed on the slope, and to provide an erosion prevention method.SOLUTION: A nonwoven fabric 2 has basis weight of 25 to 155 g/m, the ratio of component fiber in the basis weight is equal to or larger than 50%. The average fineness of the component fiber is 2 to 100 dtex. Partial junction between gauze 1 and the nonwoven fabric 2 at a plurality of joint regions 3 configures an erosion prevention material E, in jointing the nonwoven fabric 2 to one side of the gauze 1. Using the erosion prevention material E in such a way that the nonwoven fabric 2 is located on the lower side thereof prevents erosion of a slope N.

Description

  The present invention relates to a nonwoven fabric used to prevent erosion of topsoil such as a slope, and an erosion prevention material and erosion prevention method using the same.

  A vegetation base spraying may be implemented as an emergency measure to prevent further collapse and erosion in the collapsed area (slope) immediately after collapse due to a natural disaster. In this vegetation base material spraying work, as shown in FIG. 8, a wire net (lass wire net) 51 is stretched on the slope N where molding is completed, and the vegetation base material 52 is sprayed (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). ).

JP 7-317067 A Japanese Patent Publication No. 8-19679

  However, in such a vegetation base material spraying work, for example, in the rainy season, the construction work is interrupted due to rainfall, and the interruption is before the vegetation base material 52 is sprayed, even after the wire net 51 is stretched. Since the wire mesh 51 has almost no erosion preventing effect, the slope N may be eroded by rainwater or the like. Also, as the construction scale increases, the period of time required for forming the entire slope N and stretching the wire mesh 51 becomes longer. Therefore, especially in the area initially formed on the slope N, there is no interruption in the construction. The erosion may have progressed considerably at the time when the installation of the wire mesh 51 is completed. In these cases, it takes time and effort to temporarily remove the stretched wire mesh 51, fill a portion of the slope N eroded with sandbags, and stretch the wire mesh 51 again.

  Therefore, the slope of the time until the vegetation base 52 is sprayed, such as temporarily covering the portion where the wire net 51 has been stretched with a synthetic resin sheet such as a so-called blue sheet, for example, is performed. Although it is conceivable to prevent N from eroding, there is a problem that the installation and removal of the synthetic resin sheet takes time and the workability deteriorates.

  In order to solve the above problem, the present applicant is considering laying a wire mesh on which a nonwoven fabric is attached and integrated. In this case, the problem is that it is necessary to drill a hole from the upper side of the wire mesh in order to place an anchor pin for fixing the wire mesh. Entangled with the drill, drilling work becomes difficult or breakage of the wire mesh with the nonwoven fabric, and the drilling creates a large hole in the nonwoven fabric, which also reduces the erosion resistance of the nonwoven fabric is there.

  The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned matters, and the purpose thereof is to protect the slope, and particularly suitable for use in a case where drilling work is performed during installation on the slope. An object of the present invention is to provide an erosion preventing material and an erosion preventing method.

In order to achieve the above object, the nonwoven fabric according to the present invention is a nonwoven fabric installed on a slope, and has a basis weight of 25 to 155 g / m ² , and a ratio of constituent fibers in the basis weight is 50% or more, The average fineness of the constituent fibers is 2 to 100 dtex (Claim 1).

  On the other hand, in order to achieve the above object, an erosion preventing material according to the present invention comprises a wire mesh and the nonwoven fabric according to claim 1, wherein the nonwoven fabric is bonded to one side of the wire mesh, and the wire mesh and the nonwoven fabric. Are partially joined in a plurality of joining regions (claim 2).

  On the other hand, in order to achieve the above object, the erosion prevention method according to the present invention uses the erosion prevention material according to claim 2 so that the nonwoven fabric is on the lower side (Claim 3).

  In the present invention, the slope can be protected, and in particular, a nonwoven fabric, an erosion prevention material, and an erosion prevention method suitable for use when drilling work is performed during installation on the slope can be obtained.

  That is, in the nonwoven fabric of the invention according to each claim of the present application, not only is it expected to have the effect of preventing the erosion of the slope, but the tangling of the nonwoven fabric with the drill can be reduced to improve the efficiency of the drilling operation. In addition, the possibility of the nonwoven fabric being damaged is reduced, and it can be expected that the anti-erosion performance of the nonwoven fabric and the anti-erosion material equipped with the nonwoven fabric is improved.

  In the erosion prevention material of the invention according to claim 2 and the erosion prevention method of the invention according to claim 3, by using a wire mesh fitted with a non-woven fabric that has high erosion-inhibiting ability and is capable of plant growth, greening only by the construction of the wire mesh It is expected to suppress erosion over a long period of time.

  In addition, since the wire mesh and the nonwoven fabric constituting the erosion preventive material are partially joined to each other instead of the entire surface, when the erosion preventive material is laid on the slope, a gap is easily created between the wire mesh and the nonwoven fabric. Therefore, a nonwoven fabric having higher elasticity and flexibility than the wire mesh is easy to adjust to the irregularities on the slope. Then, the conformity of the nonwoven fabric to the irregularities on the slope in this way further enhances the effect of preventing the erosion of the slope produced by the nonwoven fabric.

  In addition, in the conventional vegetation base material spraying method, slope erosion may proceed in an area where a vegetation base material is not sprayed even if a wire mesh is laid. It is necessary to remove and reshape the slope, which is time-consuming. However, once the erosion preventive material of the present invention is laid, the nonwoven fabric exerts an erosion preventive effect, so that it is possible to avoid situations where temporary removal of the erosion preventive material or re-forming of the slope is required. .

It is explanatory drawing which shows roughly the structure of the erosion prevention material which concerns on one embodiment of this invention, and the erosion prevention method. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the structure of the said erosion prevention material roughly. (A) And (B) is explanatory drawing which shows roughly an example of the joining area | region of the said erosion prevention material, and another example. (A) And (B) is explanatory drawing which shows roughly the complete knuckle process and horizontal (half) knuckle process performed to the terminal of the metal mesh of the said erosion prevention material. (A) And (B) is the photograph which replaces drawing which shows the state of the drill hole when the constituent fiber of a nonwoven fabric is thick and thin. (A) And (B) is the photograph which replaces drawing which shows the state of a drill hole in case the fiber ratio of a nonwoven fabric is 55% and 75%. (A) And (B) is explanatory drawing which shows roughly the modification of the joining area | region of the said erosion prevention material. It is explanatory drawing which shows the conventional erosion prevention method roughly.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  The erosion preventing material E according to the present embodiment is used by being laid on a slope N as shown in FIG. 1, and as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a wire mesh 1, a nonwoven fabric 2, and It comprises. Here, the wire mesh 1 is a diamond wire mesh (lass wire mesh), and the nonwoven fabric 2 is a nonwoven fabric such as needle punch, spunlace, and spunbond.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the wire mesh 1 has a substantially rectangular shape with a width W1 of 2 m and a length L1 of 10 m. The nonwoven fabric 2 is slightly larger than the wire mesh 1, and the wire mesh 1 and the nonwoven fabric 2 are overlapped. The non-woven fabric 2 has such a size that it protrudes 5 mm or more from the four edges around the wire mesh 1.

  The wire mesh 1 and the nonwoven fabric 2 are partially joined and integrated in a plurality of joining regions. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3 (A), a plurality of band-shaped joining regions 3 extending in the width direction (left-right direction) of the wire mesh 1 are set, and the wire mesh 1 and the nonwoven fabric 2 are formed by hot melt in each joining region 3. Join. Each joining region 3 extends left and right from the left and right ends of the wire mesh 1 to a position 4 to 20 cm inside, and the width W3 in the front-rear direction (length direction of the wire mesh 1) is 5 cm or less (for example, about 2 to 3 cm). Yes. Moreover, the junction area | region 3 is provided in the length direction of the metal-mesh 1 by 30-100 cm space | interval.

  In the erosion prevention method of this embodiment, the erosion prevention material E is laid on the slope N after molding, and the vegetation base material 4 is sprayed from above (see FIG. 1).

  The erosion preventive material E is laid by placing a plurality of erosion preventive materials E on the slope N so that the nonwoven fabric 2 is on the lower side, and preventing erosion by placing anchor pins (not shown). This can be done by fixing the material E.

  Here, when laying a plurality of erosion prevention materials E on the slope N, the erosion prevention materials E arranged in the vertical and horizontal directions are partially overlapped with each other. There is a possibility that the nonwoven fabric 2 is torn. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the end of the wire mesh 1 is knuckle processed (complete knuckle processing shown in FIG. 4A or horizontal knuckle processing shown in FIG. 4B), so that the nonwoven fabric is brought into contact with the end of the wire mesh 1. 2 is prevented from being damaged. In addition, as described above, the nonwoven fabric 2 is made slightly larger than the metal mesh 1 to reduce the entanglement between the metal mesh 1 and the nonwoven fabric 2.

  Further, in the erosion preventing material E, if the band-like joining regions 3 are provided at intervals of 1 m (100 cm) in the length direction of the wire mesh 1, for example, anchor pin placement positions to be placed at intervals of 3/2 m The joint region 3 can be used as a guideline for improving the efficiency of anchor pin placing work.

  The vegetation base material 4 is a mixture of at least one of seeds, fertilizers, growth base materials, water retention materials, soil improvement materials and the like.

  In the erosion prevention material E of the present embodiment, by using the wire mesh 1 equipped with the non-woven fabric 2 having high erosion inhibiting power and capable of growing plants, long-term erosion control until greening is expected only by the construction of the wire mesh 1 is expected. Is done.

  The erosion prevention method of this embodiment is to lay the erosion prevention material E on the slope N after molding and to spray the vegetation base material 4, and the erosion prevention material E is laid by a conventional vegetation base spraying method. It can be carried out in the same manner as the laying of the wire mesh, and the construction is easy.

  In addition, in the conventional vegetation base material spraying work, the erosion of the slope N may proceed in an area where the vegetation base material is not sprayed even if the wire mesh is laid. Therefore, it is necessary to remove it and re-shape the slope, which takes time. However, in the erosion prevention method of the present embodiment, once the erosion prevention material E is laid, the nonwoven fabric 2 of the erosion prevention material E exerts an erosion prevention effect. It is possible to avoid the situation where the re-forming of is required.

  Further, since the wire mesh 1 and the nonwoven fabric 2 constituting the erosion preventing material E are partially joined to each other instead of the entire surface, when the erosion preventing material E is laid on the slope N, the wire mesh 1 and the nonwoven fabric 2 Therefore, the non-woven fabric 2 having higher elasticity and flexibility than the wire mesh 1 is easily adapted to the unevenness of the slope N. Then, the conformation of the nonwoven fabric 2 to the unevenness of the slope N in this way further enhances the erosion prevention effect of the slope N produced by the nonwoven fabric 2.

  In addition, in the present embodiment, since each joining region 3 has a strip shape, it is difficult for the nonwoven fabric 2 to be wound from the wire mesh 1 by wind, and the strip-like joining region 3 is eroded so as to be parallel to the contour lines. When the prevention material E is laid, it can be expected that the slope N is prevented from flowing out of the soil by the joining region 3.

  As described above, the nonwoven fabric 2 that is expected to exhibit the effect of preventing the erosion of the slope N is stretchable and flexible so that it conforms to the unevenness of the slope N (at least higher stretchability and flexibility than the wire mesh 1). ) Is preferable. In order to green the slope N with the vegetation base material 4, it is desirable that the nonwoven fabric 2 has a structure (strength) rich in plant roots.

  At the same time, when the nonwoven fabric 2 is installed on the slope N, a hole is drilled by a drill used for drilling (drilling) work for placing an anchor pin. It is necessary that the drill is difficult to make a large hole (that is, suitable for drilling).

The basis weight of such a nonwoven fabric 2 can be 25 to 155 g / m ² (preferably 35 to 60 g / m ² ), and the thickness of the nonwoven fabric 2 is 1 to 20 mm (6 mm in this example). Is preferred. If the basis weight of the nonwoven fabric 2 is less than 25 g / m ² or the thickness of the nonwoven fabric 2 is less than 1 mm, the erosion preventing effect cannot be sufficiently obtained due to low fiber density or the like. On the contrary, when the fabric weight of the nonwoven fabric 2 is more than 155 g / m ² or when the thickness of the nonwoven fabric 2 is more than 20 mm, the fiber density increases or the thickness increases. There is a risk that the rooting of the plant or the vegetation base material 4 laminated on the upper side of the nonwoven fabric 2 may be easily dried, thereby preventing the plant from being fixed on the ground. In addition, if the weight per unit area of the nonwoven fabric 2 exceeds 155 g / m ² , the material is required excessively, so the cost of the nonwoven fabric 2 is increased, and the weight of the erosion prevention material E itself including the nonwoven fabric 2 is increased, resulting in workability. It may be possible to lower the

  As a material of the constituent fibers of the nonwoven fabric 2, rayon, cotton, etc. can be used in addition to chemical fibers such as polyester and acrylic.

  And it is preferable to use a thin fiber for the constituent fiber of the nonwoven fabric 2, and specifically, the average fineness of the constituent fiber of the nonwoven fabric 2 can be set to 2 to 100 dtex. That is, if the weight of the constituent fiber is constant, the number of constituent fibers used is increased when the thin fibers are used as described above rather than the case where the thick fibers are used as the constituent fibers of the nonwoven fabric 2. The number of per adhesion points increases, and the tensile strength per constituent fiber decreases. Due to these differences, particularly when thin fibers having an average fineness of 100 dtex or less are used as the constituent fibers of the nonwoven fabric 2, the fluffing of the fibers is reduced and the chance of starting to get entangled with the drill blade is reduced. It is thought that the fiber breaks immediately when it starts to get entangled with the blade, and it is difficult to cause major breakage. This is because FIG. 5A shows a state of a drill hole when a thick fiber having an average fineness of more than 100 dtex is used as a constituent fiber of the nonwoven fabric 2, and a drill when a thin fiber having an average fineness of 100 dtex or less is used. This is clear when compared with FIG. 5B showing the state of the hole. In addition, when the average fineness of the constituent fibers of the nonwoven fabric 2 is less than 2 dtex, the strength of the fibers is weak, so that the fibers are easily broken and are not suitable for use as an erosion preventing material.

  In addition, the proportion of the constituent fibers of the nonwoven fabric 2 in the basis weight is preferably 50% or more (particularly 55% to 75%). Actually, as the non-woven fabric 2, the constituent fibers are bonded by the fiber bonding adhesive, and the ratio of the constituent fibers in the basis weight (fiber ratio) is less than 50% (the ratio of the fiber is low and the ratio of the adhesive is high). In the case where the non-woven fabric 2 is hardened, the non-woven fabric 2 is broken at the time of drilling because the surrounding fibers are involved when the drill is tangled because the fibers are torn when the blade of the drill hits or the fibers are strongly connected by the adhesive. It was confirmed that a large hole was formed on the surface. However, since the nonwoven fabric 2 of this embodiment has a high fiber ratio and is soft, damage to the nonwoven fabric 2 itself can be kept low. 6 (A) and 6 (B) show the state of the drill holes when the nonwoven fabric 2 having fiber ratios of 55% and 75%, respectively, and the drill holes of the size shown in these figures. Even if formed, the erosion prevention function of the nonwoven fabric 2 is not impaired. As a result, from these figures, when the nonwoven fabric 2 having a fiber ratio in the range of 55% to 75% is used, the drill formed It can be seen that the holes are sufficiently small and inconspicuous that the erosion prevention function of the nonwoven fabric 2 is not impaired. Thus, when the ratio of the constituent fibers of the nonwoven fabric 2 is 55% to 75% in particular, the occurrence of phenomena such as the above-described tearing of the nonwoven fabric 2 mainly due to the high ratio of the adhesive and the drill blade is effectively suppressed. In addition, the amount of fibers that cause the tangling of the drill is limited, which is preferable.

  Of course, when the non-woven fabric 2 is not limited to 55% to 75% but 50% or more and the average fineness is 2 to 100 dtex, the drill holes formed in the non-woven fabric 2 by drilling are not noticeable and formed. The peripheries of the holes are not fuzzy but entangled with fibers. Therefore, if the nonwoven fabric 2 of the present embodiment is used, the entanglement of the nonwoven fabric 2 with respect to the drill can be reduced, so that the efficiency of the drilling operation can be improved, and the possibility that the nonwoven fabric 2 is damaged is reduced. The improvement of the erosion resistance of the erosion preventive material equipped with 2 can be expected.

  As described above, when the anti-erosion material is installed on the slope N, it is inevitable that the nonwoven fabric 2 has a hole due to drilling work for anchor pin placement. For example, a member such as a washer that compresses and protects the periphery of the hole may be provided.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to said embodiment at all, Of course, it can change and implement variously in the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention.

  For example, in the said embodiment, although the metal mesh 1 showed the rhombus metal mesh, the metal mesh 1 may be metal meshes, such as not only this but a turtle shell metal mesh. Further, various meshes, widths, lengths, shapes and the like of the wire mesh 1 can be used. However, it is desirable that the mesh size of the wire net 1 is set to a size that allows the planting of the greening plant to pass through, as long as the erosion prevention material is used for greening or the greening is expected.

  Further, the wire mesh 1 and the nonwoven fabric 2 may be substantially the same size, and when the nonwoven fabric 2 is slightly smaller than the wire mesh 1 and the wire mesh 1 and the nonwoven fabric 2 are overlapped, the wire mesh 1 is surrounded by the four surroundings of the nonwoven fabric 2. The size may be such that each edge protrudes 5 mm or more from one edge. Further, a plurality of nonwoven fabrics 2 may be integrated into a single wire mesh 1 such that the nonwoven fabric 2 is about half the size of the wire mesh 1 and two nonwoven fabrics 2 are integrated into one wire mesh 1. Good. Conversely, a single nonwoven fabric 2 may be integrated over a plurality of metal meshes 1. In addition, for example, the nonwoven fabric 2 may be 1.5 times as large as the wire mesh 1, and the two nonwoven fabrics 2 may be integrated with the three wire meshes 1 or vice versa.

  In the said embodiment, although the joining area | region 3 is made into the strip | belt shape extended in the left-right direction of the metal mesh 1, it is not restricted to this, The joining area | region 3 can be set variously. However, it is preferable not to set the bonding region 3 within a range of 4 to 20 cm from the outer edge of the wire mesh 1 because bonding peeling is likely to occur at a position too close to the outer edge of the wire mesh 1. Moreover, the joining area | region 3 is not the whole surface of the wire mesh 1, but a space | interval between the wire mesh 1 and the nonwoven fabric 2 by making it disperse | distribute in the strip | belt shape (linear shape) or pinpoint shape (dot shape) of 30-100cm space | interval. It becomes easy to be born and the nonwoven fabric 2 becomes easy to adjust to the unevenness of the slope N. That is, for example, as shown in FIG. 3B, the bonding regions 3 may be pinpointed and arranged in a lattice pattern with an interval of 30 to 100 cm, or may be arranged in a staggered manner instead of a lattice shape. Good. Of course, the belt-like bonding region 3 and the pin-point bonding region 3 may be mixed.

  Further, even in the case where the bonding region 3 has a strip shape, the bonding region 3 extends so as to cross a plurality of meshes of the wire mesh 1 in the example shown in FIG. For example, the joining region 3 may extend obliquely along the edges of the plurality of meshes of the wire mesh 1. Specifically, the bonding region 3 can be formed into a V shape as shown in FIG. 7A or a wave shape as shown in FIG.

  Further, for example, when emphasizing the prevention of debonding at the periphery of the wire mesh 1 and emphasizing the formation of a gap between the wire mesh 1 and the nonwoven fabric 2 at the center of the wire mesh 1, the joint region 3 is occupied at the periphery of the wire mesh 1. The area ratio (the area of the bonding region 3 occupying per unit area of the wire mesh 1) can be increased, and the area occupied by the bonding region 3 can be reduced in the central portion of the wire mesh 1. Specifically, (1) a band-shaped bonding region 3 is set at the peripheral portion of the wire mesh 1, and a pinpoint-shaped bonding region 3 is set at the center of the wire mesh 1. (2) the pinpoint-shaped bonding region 3 However, the interval between the bonding regions 3 is reduced or the area of each bonding region 3 is increased at the peripheral portion of the wire mesh 1, and the interval between the bonding regions 3 is increased at the central portion of the wire mesh 1. A configuration is conceivable in which the area is reduced, (3) the joining region 3 is set only in the peripheral portion of the wire mesh 1, and the joining region is not set in the center portion of the wire mesh 1.

  In the said embodiment, although the metal mesh 1 and the nonwoven fabric 2 are joined by hot melt, it is not restricted to this, For example, both sides 1, 2 using a double-sided tape, an adhesive agent, a connection member (for example, C ring) etc. These may be joined.

  Needless to say, the modifications described in this specification may be combined as appropriate.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Wire mesh 2 Nonwoven fabric 3 Joining area 4 Vegetation base material 51 Wire mesh 52 Vegetation base material E Erosion prevention material L1 Length of wire mesh N Slope W1 Wire mesh width W3 Joint area width

Claims (3)

A nonwoven fabric installed on a slope, having a basis weight of 25 to 155 g / m ² , a ratio of constituent fibers in the basis weight being 50% or more, and an average fineness of the constituent fibers being 2 to 100 dtex Nonwoven fabric.   It comprises a wire mesh and the nonwoven fabric according to claim 1, wherein the nonwoven fabric is joined to one side of the wire mesh, and the wire mesh and the nonwoven fabric are partially joined in a plurality of joining regions. Erosion prevention material.   The erosion prevention method according to claim 2, wherein the erosion prevention material according to claim 2 is used so that the nonwoven fabric is on the lower side.