JP2017529657A - 高耐熱性および難燃性分離膜および電気化学電池 - Google Patents
高耐熱性および難燃性分離膜および電気化学電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2017529657A JP2017529657A JP2017508533A JP2017508533A JP2017529657A JP 2017529657 A JP2017529657 A JP 2017529657A JP 2017508533 A JP2017508533 A JP 2017508533A JP 2017508533 A JP2017508533 A JP 2017508533A JP 2017529657 A JP2017529657 A JP 2017529657A
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- NDPGDHBNXZOBJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum lithium cobalt(2+) nickel(2+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [Li+].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[Al+3].[Co++].[Ni++] NDPGDHBNXZOBJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- VJVNWXUZZOBHRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene phosphoric acid Chemical compound P(=O)(O)(O)O.P(=O)(O)(O)O.P(=O)(O)(O)O.C1=CC=CC=C1 VJVNWXUZZOBHRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- IBDMRHDXAQZJAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorophosphorylbenzene Chemical compound ClP(Cl)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 IBDMRHDXAQZJAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940017219 methyl propionate Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002467 phosphate group Chemical group [H]OP(=O)(O[H])O[*] 0.000 description 1
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- SNOOUWRIMMFWNE-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;6-[(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)amino]hexanoate Chemical compound [Na+].COC1=CC(C(=O)NCCCCCC([O-])=O)=CC(OC)=C1OC SNOOUWRIMMFWNE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZUHZGEOKBKGPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOCCOCCOC ZUHZGEOKBKGPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052716 thallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002733 tin-carbon composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ε-Caprolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCO1 PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
これらは、単独または2種以上混合して用いてもよい。前記金属粉末と前記金属繊維は、銅、ニッケル、アルミニウム、銀などの金属を用いてもよい。
フェノールフタレイン(100g、314mmol)に28%アンモニア水溶液を添加して製造された溶液を室温で20日間攪拌した。前記溶液がほぼ透明になったとき、濃塩酸と氷に前記溶液を注いで反応を終了した。結果物を中性になるように蒸溜水で洗浄後、エタノールと水を用いて再結晶して化学式3−1の化合物を合成した。前記合成された化学式3−1の化合物(44.4g、140mmol)とトリエチルアミン(triethylamine)(35.8g、350mmol)をメチレンクロリド(methylenechloride)(210mL)に添加した後、0℃に冷却させた。28.1gのフェニルホスホン酸ジクロリド(ベンゼンホスホン酸ジクロリド)(phenylphosphonic dichloride(benzenephosphorus oxydichloride、BPOD))をメチレンクロリド(15mL)に溶かした溶液を徐々に1時間にかけて添加した後、室温で4時間反応した。反応が終わった溶液を希釈したHCl溶液と蒸溜水で数回洗浄した。洗浄された高分子を80℃真空オーブンで48時間乾燥して、重量平均分子量が125,000g/molであり、ガラス転移温度が248℃である化学式6の繰り返し単位を有する高分子樹脂1を得た。
フェノールフタレイン(100g、314mmol)に40%メチルアミン(methylamine)水溶液を添加して製造された溶液を30℃で24時間反応させた。この後、前記溶液を濃塩酸と氷に注いで反応を終了した。結果物をフィルターした後、蒸溜水で洗浄後、エタノールと水を用いて再結晶して化学式3−2の化合物を合成した。前記合成された化学式3−2の化合物(46.4g、140mmol)を前記製造例1と同一の条件で反応を行って重量平均分子量が138,000g/molであり、ガラス転移温度が210℃である化学式7の繰り返し単位を有する高分子樹脂2を得た。
フェノールフタレイン(100g、314mmol)にアニリン(aniline)(300mL、3287mmol)とアニリンヒドロクロリド(aniline hydrochloride)(100g、965mmol)を添加して製造された溶液を185℃で5時間反応させた。この後、温度を下げ、前記溶液を濃塩酸と氷に注いで反応を終了した。結果物をフィルターした後、蒸溜水で洗浄後、エタノールを用いて再結晶して化学式3−3の化合物を合成した。前記合成された化学式3−3の化合物(55.1g、140mmol)を前記製造例1と同一の条件で反応を行って重量平均分子量が148,000g/molであり、ガラス転移温度が202℃である化学式8の繰り返し単位を有する高分子樹脂3を得た。
前記製造例1で製造された高分子樹脂1を10重量%でテトラヒドロフラン(THF)に溶解してポリマー溶液を製造した。またAl2O3日本軽金属社製、LS235A)をアセトン(大井化金社製)に25重量%で添加し、ビーズミルを用いて25℃で3時間ミリングして分散させて無機分散液を製造した。前記製造された高分子樹脂溶液および無機分散液と、N,N−ジメチルアセトアミド(DMAc)およびTHFの混合溶媒がそれぞれ2.5:5:2.5の重量比になるように混合し、パワーミキサーで25℃で1時間攪拌して多孔性耐熱層組成物を製造した。
前記実施例1で製造例1の高分子樹脂1の代わりに製造例2の高分子樹脂2を用いたことを除いては同様に実施して総厚さ12μmの分離膜を製造した。
前記実施例1で製造例1の高分子樹脂1の代わりに製造例3の高分子樹脂3を用いたことを除いては同様に実施して総厚さ12μmの分離膜を製造した。
前記製造例1で製造された高分子樹脂1の代わりにポリ(ブチルアクリレート−co−メチルメタクリレート−co−ビニルアセテート)を用いたことを除いては、実施例1と同様な方法で分離膜を製造した。
製造例1〜3の高分子樹脂と比較例1のポリ(ブチルアクリレート−co−メチルメタクリレート−co−ビニルアセテート)に対して重量平均分子量(Mw)およびガラス転移温度(Tg)と難燃性をそれぞれの以下の方法で測定し、その結果を下記表1に示した。
(1)重量平均分子量(Mw):ゲル透過クロマトグラフィー(GPC)で測定したポリスチレン換算数値で示した。
(2)ガラス転移温度(Tg):示差走査熱量測定法(DSC)で測定した。
(3)難燃性(1/8"):UL94VB難燃規定に準拠して測定した。
前記実施例1〜3および比較例1で製造した分離膜に対して下記のような方法で試片を製造し、UL94VB難燃規定に準拠して難燃性を評価した。
前記実施例1〜3および比較例1で製造された分離膜の熱収縮率を測定するために下記の方法を行った。前記実施例および比較例により製造された分離膜のそれぞれを横(MD)5cm×縦(TD)5cmに切断し、総7個の試料を製作した。前記各試料を200℃のチェンバでそれぞれ30分間保管した後、各試料のMD方向およびTD方向の収縮程度を測定して熱収縮率を計算した。
前記実施例1〜3および比較例1で製造された分離膜の通気度をEG01−55−1MR(旭精工社製)を用いて100ccの空気が分離膜を通過するのにかかる時間を測定する方法で測定した。
10 正極
20 負極
30 分離膜
40 電極組立体
50 ケース
Claims (14)
- 多孔性基材と、
前記多孔性基材の一つの面あるいは両面に形成された多孔性耐熱層と、
を含み、
前記多孔性耐熱層は、第1成分と第2成分を含有する繰り返し単位を含む高分子樹脂を含み、
前記第1成分は、ホスフェートあるいはホスホネートを含有し、
前記第2成分は、窒素を含有する分離膜。 - 前記第2成分は、イミドまたはアミド基を含む、請求項1に記載の分離膜。
- 前記イミドは、フタルイミドを含む、請求項3に記載の分離膜。
- 前記高分子樹脂は、ガラス転移温度が180℃から300℃である、請求項1に記載の分離膜。
- 前記多孔性耐熱層は、ポリフッ化ビニリデン系ポリマーを追加的に含む、請求項1に記載の分離膜。
- 前記多孔性耐熱層は、無機粒子を追加的に含有する、請求項1に記載の分離膜。
- 前記無機粒子は、Al2O3、SiO2、B2O3、Ga2O3、TiO2およびSnO2からなる群より選択される1種以上を含む、請求項9に記載の分離膜。
- 前記無機粒子の含有量は、前記多孔性耐熱層全体の固形分の総重量に対して70重量%から98重量%である、請求項10に記載の分離膜。
- ホスフェートあるいはホスホネートを含有する第1成分と窒素を含有する第2成分を含有する繰り返し単位を含む高分子樹脂と、溶媒とを含有する多孔性耐熱層組成物を製造し、
多孔性基材の一つの面あるいは両面に前記多孔性耐熱層組成物で多孔性耐熱層を形成することを含む分離膜の製造方法。 - 正極と、負極と、分離膜と、電解質とを含む電気化学電池であって、前記分離膜は、請求項1乃至11のいずれか一項に記載の分離膜である、電気化学電池。
- 前記電気化学電池は、リチウム二次電池である、請求項13に記載の電気化学電池。
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