JP2017509710A - 分子の膜貫通送達のための化合物および方法 - Google Patents
分子の膜貫通送達のための化合物および方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
(A)a−B−Q−L
(式II)
式中、aは1、2、3または4の整数であり、Aは式III、式IVおよび式Vに示す構造から選択され、
Bは、線状、分枝状または環状の飽和または部分飽和のC1、C2、C3、C4、C5、C6、C7、C8、C9、C10、C11、C12、C13、C14、C15、C16、C17、C18、C19、C20、C21、C22、C23、C24、C25、C26、C27、C28、C29、C30、C31、C32、C33、C34、C35、C36、C37、C38、C39、C40、C41、C42のアルキル、アルキレン、ヘテロアルキレン、アリール、ヘテロアリール;ステロイドまたはそれらの組み合わせであり;
Qは、存在しない(null)、エステル、チオエステル、アミド、カルバメート、ジスルフィド[−(S−S)−]、エーテル[−O−]、pH感受性部分、およびレドックス感受性部分から選択され;
Lは、存在しないか、または任意に置換されている線状、環状または分枝状の飽和、不飽和または部分飽和のC1、C2、C3、C4、C5、C6、C7、C8、C9、C10、C11、C12、C13、C14、C15、C16、C17、C18、C19、C20、C21、C22、C23、C24、C25、C26、C27、C28、C29、C30、C31、C32、C33、C34、C35、C36、C37、C38、C39、C40、C41、C42のアルキル、アルキレン、ヘテロアルキレン、アリール、ヘテロアリール;ステロイド、または−(O−CH2−CH2)u−(式中、uは1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10の整数である);またはそれらの組み合わせであって、前記化合物は薬物に連結可能である。
Ey−D−Ez
(式I)
式中、
Dは、生体膜を横切って送達される薬物である。Dは、低分子薬、ペプチド、タンパク質、または天然型もしくは修飾型の一本鎖または二本鎖のDNAまたはRNA、例えばsiRNAまたはASOであることができ;
Eは、本発明の実施形態による化合物を表し;yおよびzはそれぞれ、0、1、2、3、4、5、6から独立に選択される整数であり;yまたはzの少なくとも一方はゼロ(null)とは異なる。一実施形態ではy=1およびz=0であり、別の実施形態ではy=1およびz=1である。Eは、一般式(II)によって記載することができる。
(A)a−B−Q−L
(式II)
式中、aは1、2、3または4から選択される整数であり、Aは、後述の式III、式IVおよび式Vに示す構造から選択され;
Bは、線状、分枝状または環状の飽和または部分飽和のC1、C2、C3、C4、C5、C6、C7、C8、C9、C10、C11、C12、C13、C14、C15、C16、C17、C18、C19、C20、C21、C22、C23、C24、C25、C26、C27、C28、C29、C30、C31、C32、C33、C34、C35、C36、C37、C38、C39、C40、C41、C42のアルキル、アルキレン、ヘテロアルキレン、アリール、ヘテロアリールの化学基;コレステロール、胆汁酸、エストロゲンなどのステロイド部分、またはそれらの組み合わせであり;
Qは、存在しない、エステル、チオエステル、アミド、カルバメート、ジスルフィド[−(S−S)−]、エーテル[−O−]、pH感受性部分、およびレドックス感受性部分から選択され;
Lは、存在しないか、上に規定したBと同じとすることができ、任意に(酸素、ヒドロキシル、窒素、リン酸基または硫黄で)置換されている線状、環状または分枝状の飽和、不飽和または部分飽和のC1、C2、C3、C4、C5、C6、C7、C8、C9、C10、C11、C12、C13、C14、C15、C16、C17、C18、C19、C20、C21、C22、C23、C24、C25、C26、C27、C28、C29、C30、C31、C32、C33、C34、C35、C36、C37、C38、C39、C40、C41、C42のアルキル、アルキレン、ヘテロアルキレン、アリール、ヘテロアリール;コレステロール、胆汁酸などのステロイド;エストロゲン、構造−(O−CH2−CH2)u−の化学部分(式中、uは1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10の整数である);またはそれらの組み合わせを含みうる。
まず、サイレンシングされる遺伝子を、疾患の病因または病理発生におけるその役割に基づいて選ぶ。次に、当技術分野において知られているバイオインフォマティクス方法論に基づいて、ASOのDNA配列のそれぞれのsiRNAのヌクレオチド配列(典型的にはRISC基質の場合で19〜21塩基対、ダイサー基質の場合で25〜29)を決定する。
本発明の実施形態による例示的化合物の合成を、胆汁酸であるリトコール酸(これは上述の部分Bの一例として役立ちうる)から開始する。
a.5’修飾:
前駆体:
前駆体:
CPG=オリゴヌクレオチド合成用固形支持体としてのコントロールドポアガラス(CPG:Controlled Pore Glass)
オリゴヌクレオチドに取り付けられたもの:
前駆体 オリゴヌクレオチドに取り付けられたもの
Cas9タンパク質にコンジュゲートされた本発明の「分子モーター」の構造を図4に模式的に図解する。この構造は、Cas9タンパク質の構造の結晶学的研究に基づいている(Nishimazu FG,et al.,Cell 156:935−949,2014)。本発明の実施形態による化合物Eは、それらのQ基によってタンパク質に取り付けられて、タンパク質表面上のリジン側鎖に結合することになる。取り付けには活性エステルが使用されることになる。アルコールは、酸素(水)より窒素(タンパク質リジン側鎖)と優先的に反応するカーボネート活性エステルに転換されることになる。反応は以下のスキームIIに従って行われることになる。
a)ホスゲン:連結はクロロギ酸エステルによる。
b)ジスクシンイミジルカーボネート(X=N−ヒドロキシスクシンイミド):連結はスクシンイミジルカーボネートによる。
c)カルボニルジイミダゾール(CDI、X=イミダゾール):連結はイミダゾリルカルバメートによる。
細胞培養:
GFPで安定にトランスフェクトされたNIH−3T3細胞株は、米国サンディエゴのセルバイオラボ(Cell Biolabs)から入手した(カタログ番号AKR214)。
実験の前日に、指数増殖期にあるNIH−3T3−GFP細胞を、抗生物質を含まないDMEM+サプリメント成長培地(500μl/ウェル)を使って、4.5×104細胞/ウェルの密度で、24ウェルプレートにプレーティングした。Cy3標識オリゴヌクレオチドのそれぞれを100μl/ウェルのOpti−Mem(ライフテクノロジーズ(Life technologies)−カタログ番号31985062)に希釈し、40nMから100nMまでのさまざまな最終濃度で、細胞に加えた。
密度4.5×104/ウェルのNIH−3T3 GFP細胞を実験の24時間前にプレーティングした。成長培地を、Cy3−ssDNAオリゴヌクレオチド(29nt)に取り付けた本発明の実施形態による化合物(DNase/RNaseフリー水に溶解した40〜100nM)または対照Cy3−ssDNA(IDT、米国)を含有する新鮮培地で置き換え、37℃で2時間、4時間、8時間および24時間インキュベートした。
3T3−GFP細胞を、さまざまな濃度(40nMおよび100nM)でE−コンジュゲートまたはCy3−ssDNAと共に24時間インキュベートした。細胞を洗浄し、ElISA蛍光光度計で評価した。Cy3蛍光レベルを3T3−GFP無処理細胞と比較した。図5Bに示すように、40nMおよび100nMの用量において、コンジュゲートは、対照と比較して、4倍および3倍増加した細胞中への送達を明示した。
GFP(green fluorescent protein:緑色蛍光タンパク質)リポーター遺伝子を安定に発現する細胞における25〜27bp dsRNAの阻害活性を評価する。この目的のために、GFPを発現する安定にトランスフェクトされたNIH3T3細胞に、25〜27マーdsRNA二重鎖(それぞれ10〜40nM)をトランスフェクトする。GFP遺伝子ノックダウンの持続時間の定量的推定値を得るためには、トランスフェクション後のGFP発現を観察する時間経過実験を行うことになる。
本発明の一実施形態において、siRNAを細胞質で捕捉するための方法は、二本鎖RNAをプロセシングして、遺伝子サイレンシングのためのRISC複合体との相互作用に適した19〜21塩基対のサイズで二本鎖RNAを切ることにおける酵素ダイサーの活性に基づく。前記方法は、(i).標的遺伝子をサイレンシングするための配列を含む25〜30ヌクレオチドの二本鎖RNAを含み、本発明の実施形態による化合物がセンス(パッセンジャー)鎖の3’末端および/またはアンチセンス(ガイド)鎖の5’末端に取り付けられている、ダイサー基質の投与;(ii).siRNAの膜貫通送達;および(iii).ダイサー酵素によるdsRNAの切断を含み、こうしてsiRNAを遊離させ、標的遺伝子をサイレンシングするためにRISC複合体と相互作用させる。
Claims (16)
- 薬物の膜貫通送達のための、式IIの化合物であって、
(A)a−B−Q−L
(式II)
式中、aは1、2、3または4の整数であり、Aは式III、式IVおよび式Vに示す構造から選択され、
Bは、線状、分枝状または環状の飽和または部分飽和のC1、C2、C3、C4、C5、C6、C7、C8、C9、C10、C11、C12、C13、C14、C15、C16、C17、C18、C19、C20、C21、C22、C23、C24、C25、C26、C27、C28、C29、C30、C31、C32、C33、C34、C35、C36、C37、C38、C39、C40、C41、C42のアルキル、アルキレン、ヘテロアルキレン、アリール、ヘテロアリール;ステロイドまたはそれらの組み合わせであり;
Qは、存在しない、エステル、チオエステル、アミド、カルバメート、ジスルフィド[−(S−S)−]、エーテル[−O−]、pH感受性部分、およびレドックス感受性部分から選択され;
Lは、存在しないか、または任意に置換されている線状、環状または分枝状の飽和、不飽和または部分飽和のC1、C2、C3、C4、C5、C6、C7、C8、C9、C10、C11、C12、C13、C14、C15、C16、C17、C18、C19、C20、C21、C22、C23、C24、C25、C26、C27、C28、C29、C30、C31、C32、C33、C34、C35、C36、C37、C38、C39、C40、C41、C42のアルキル、アルキレン、ヘテロアルキレン、アリール、ヘテロアリール;ステロイド、または−(O−CH2−CH2)u−(式中、uは1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10の整数である);またはそれらの組み合わせであり;
前記化合物は薬物に連結可能である、化合物。 - k=2である、請求項2に記載の化合物。
- 前記薬物が高分子を含む、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- 前記薬物が、siRNA、ASOおよび治療用タンパク質から選択される、請求項9に記載の化合物。
- 前記治療用タンパク質がCRISPRタンパク質を含む、請求項10に記載の化合物。
- 前記CRISPRタンパク質がCas9タンパク質を含む、請求項11に記載の化合物。
- 薬物に取り付けられた請求項1に記載の化合物を含むコンジュゲート。
- 細胞を請求項13に記載のコンジュゲートと共にインキュベートするステップを含む、生体膜を横切って薬物を送達するための方法。
- 妥当な量の、請求項13に記載のコンジュゲートを含む薬学的組成物を、必要とする患者に投与するステップを含む、医学的障害を処置するための方法。
- 標的遺伝子をサイレンシングするための配列を含む25〜30ヌクレオチドの二本鎖RNAを含むダイサー基質を患者に投与するステップを含む、請求項14に記載の方法。
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CN106456804B (zh) | 2020-03-17 |
KR20160138210A (ko) | 2016-12-02 |
RU2016142510A (ru) | 2018-05-03 |
US9687556B2 (en) | 2017-06-27 |
RU2703416C2 (ru) | 2019-10-16 |
WO2015145417A1 (en) | 2015-10-01 |
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CA2944141A1 (en) | 2015-10-01 |
EP3125946A4 (en) | 2017-11-01 |
CA2944141C (en) | 2023-03-28 |
EP3125946B1 (en) | 2022-12-07 |
AU2015237746B2 (en) | 2020-01-30 |
RU2016142510A3 (ja) | 2019-02-20 |
BR112016022553A2 (pt) | 2017-08-15 |
JP6669719B2 (ja) | 2020-03-18 |
IL248067B (en) | 2020-10-29 |
EP3125946A1 (en) | 2017-02-08 |
AU2015237746A1 (en) | 2016-11-03 |
MX2016012716A (es) | 2017-08-16 |
CN106456804A (zh) | 2017-02-22 |
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