JP2017133099A - ニッケル表面上に有機被膜を形成するための方法 - Google Patents
ニッケル表面上に有機被膜を形成するための方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D179/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen, with or without oxygen, or carbon only, not provided for in groups C09D161/00 - C09D177/00
- C09D179/02—Polyamines
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- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/22—Secondary treatment of printed circuits
- H05K3/28—Applying non-metallic protective coatings
- H05K3/282—Applying non-metallic protective coatings for inhibiting the corrosion of the circuit, e.g. for preserving the solderability
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- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/02—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
- B05D3/0254—After-treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/14—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to metal, e.g. car bodies
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/24—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/08—Anti-corrosive paints
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/1601—Process or apparatus
- C23C18/1633—Process of electroless plating
- C23C18/1635—Composition of the substrate
- C23C18/1637—Composition of the substrate metallic substrate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/1601—Process or apparatus
- C23C18/1633—Process of electroless plating
- C23C18/1675—Process conditions
- C23C18/168—Control of temperature, e.g. temperature of bath, substrate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/18—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
- C23C18/1803—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of metallic material surfaces or of a non-specific material surfaces
- C23C18/1824—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of metallic material surfaces or of a non-specific material surfaces by chemical pretreatment
- C23C18/1827—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of metallic material surfaces or of a non-specific material surfaces by chemical pretreatment only one step pretreatment
- C23C18/1834—Use of organic or inorganic compounds other than metals, e.g. activation, sensitisation with polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/48—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 not containing phosphates, hexavalent chromium compounds, fluorides or complex fluorides, molybdates, tungstates, vanadates or oxalates
- C23C22/58—Treatment of other metallic material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F11/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent
- C23F11/08—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F11/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent
- C23F11/08—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids
- C23F11/10—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids using organic inhibitors
- C23F11/14—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C23F11/149—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen as hetero atom
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits covered by H05K3/00
- H05K2203/05—Patterning and lithography; Masks; Details of resist
- H05K2203/0562—Details of resist
- H05K2203/0591—Organic non-polymeric coating, e.g. for inhibiting corrosion thereby preserving solderability
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits covered by H05K3/00
- H05K2203/07—Treatments involving liquids, e.g. plating, rinsing
- H05K2203/0703—Plating
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Preventing Corrosion Or Incrustation Of Metals (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Electric Connection Of Electric Components To Printed Circuits (AREA)
- Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
【解決手段】ニッケル又はニッケル合金の表面と、式(1)によって表される化合物を含む組成物と、を接触させることを含む、方法。
(R1〜R3は各々独立してH、置換/非置換の直鎖/分枝/環状アルキル、ハロゲン化物、ニトロ、ヒドロキシル、シアノ、カルボキシル、エステル、メルカプト、アルキルチオ、チオエステル、アミノ、アミド、ボリル又はシリル;R2及びR3は、一緒になって、五員複素環を形成ても良い;前記複素環は、ヘテロ原子として2個の窒素原子を含む)
【選択図】図7
Description
(c)ニッケルまたはニッケル合金表面を乾燥させて、表面上に化合物を含む有機膜を形成するステップと、を含む、方法に関する。
その後、FIBを使用して、被膜の厚さを測定し、積層板の断面から各積層板の連続的な被膜を調べた。OSP層は、両方の積層板上で連続的かつ均一であると判定された。PIM膜の厚さは、40nmであり、一方で、PEN膜の厚さは、各積層板上で80nmであった。比較のために、一般的なOSP溶液は、同一の条件下で、厚さ150nmを有する膜を形成する。
腐食試験のために、試料を、30分間室温(25℃)で15%硝酸中に浸漬し、その後、水で洗浄し、冷風及び温風で乾燥した。断面図を観察した。硝酸試験後の無電解ニッケル表面の断面図から、一般的なOSP溶液で処理されたベア無電解ニッケル表面及び無電解ニッケル表面は、重大な腐食を示した。しかしながら、PIM及びPEMで処理した試料は、明らかな腐食を示さなかった。
ニッケル表面上の有機保存剤が、はんだ付け後のはんだ接合形成に影響するかを示すために、ボール剪断試験を行い、結果を、ベアニッケル表面と比較した。ボール剪断試験のパラメータを下記の表4に示す。
その後、はんだ濡れ試験を使用して、OSP処理後にニッケル表面のはんだ付け性を評価した。試験パラメータを下記の表6に示す。
Claims (8)
- ニッケルまたはニッケル合金の表面上に有機膜を形成するための方法であって、前記ニッケルまたはニッケル合金の表面と、式(1)によって表される化合物を含む組成物とを接触させることを含み、
- 前記化合物は、0.1g/L〜50g/Lの量で、前記組成物中に含まれる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記組成物は、Cu、Sn、Zn、Ag、Ni、Pd、Ba、Mg、Fe、Au、Pt、W、Bi、Sb、Mn、及びPdから選択される金属イオンをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法によって形成される、ニッケルまたはニッケル合金の表面上の有機膜。
- 前記膜の厚さは、10〜500nmである、請求項4に記載の有機膜。
- 物品のニッケルまたはニッケル合金表面を酸化から保護するための方法であって、
(a)ニッケルまたはニッケル合金表面を有する物品を調製するステップと、
(b)前記物品の前記ニッケルまたはニッケル合金表面と、式(1)によって表される化合物を含む組成物とを接触させるステップであって、
(c)前記ニッケルまたはニッケル合金表面を乾燥させて、前記表面上に前記化合物を含む有機膜を形成するステップと、を含む、方法。 - 前記ステップ(b)は、1〜30分間20〜70℃の温度で行われる、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記物品は、プリント基板、電子部品、及び装飾付属品から選択される、請求項6に記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US201562267963P | 2015-12-16 | 2015-12-16 | |
US62/267,963 | 2015-12-16 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JP2017133099A true JP2017133099A (ja) | 2017-08-03 |
JP6335263B2 JP6335263B2 (ja) | 2018-05-30 |
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ID=57794036
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2016243100A Expired - Fee Related JP6335263B2 (ja) | 2015-12-16 | 2016-12-15 | ニッケル表面上に有機被膜を形成するための方法 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20170181292A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP3181730B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6335263B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101898875B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN106881255A (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI593687B (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP7146317B1 (ja) | 2022-07-13 | 2022-10-04 | メック株式会社 | 表面処理液および銅の表面処理方法、ならびに銅とスズの接合方法および接合体の製造方法 |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2021194688A1 (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2021-09-30 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Galvanized metal corrosion inhibitor compositions and methods of use |
US11676926B2 (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2023-06-13 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Solder joints on nickel surface finishes without gold plating |
CN116568764A (zh) * | 2020-12-15 | 2023-08-08 | 太阳化学公司 | 用于水系防腐蚀涂料的锌颜料 |
Citations (3)
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JPH06299374A (ja) * | 1993-02-18 | 1994-10-25 | Murata:Kk | はんだ、無電解はんだ、銀、ニッケル、亜鉛等の金属の表面 処理方法 |
JP2014140893A (ja) * | 2012-12-20 | 2014-08-07 | Rohm & Haas Electronic Materials Llc | プリフラックスおよび方法 |
JP2015147950A (ja) * | 2014-02-04 | 2015-08-20 | 千住金属工業株式会社 | フラックスコートボール、はんだペースト、フォームはんだ及びはんだ継手 |
Family Cites Families (8)
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DE3346640A1 (de) * | 1983-12-23 | 1985-07-04 | Dr. Karl Thomae Gmbh, 7950 Biberach | Neue imidazolderivate, deren herstellung und diese verbindungen enthaltende arzneimittel |
JPH06299375A (ja) | 1993-02-18 | 1994-10-25 | Murata:Kk | はんだ、無電解はんだ、銀、ニッケル、亜鉛、銅、銅合金等 の金属の表面処理方法 |
JP4027642B2 (ja) | 2001-11-08 | 2007-12-26 | 日本パーカライジング株式会社 | 樹脂との耐熱接着性に優れたニッケル系表面処理皮膜 |
JP4516744B2 (ja) * | 2003-12-18 | 2010-08-04 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | フタロシアニン化合物、インク、インクジェット記録方法、および画像形成方法 |
US8182879B2 (en) | 2004-03-05 | 2012-05-22 | Kitz Corporation | Method for preventing elution of nickel from water-contact instrument of copper alloy by formation of a protective film |
US7883738B2 (en) * | 2007-04-18 | 2011-02-08 | Enthone Inc. | Metallic surface enhancement |
JP5489674B2 (ja) | 2008-12-01 | 2014-05-14 | 日本合成化学工業株式会社 | 金属表面処理剤ならびにイミダゾール系化合物 |
HUE049460T2 (hu) | 2010-08-10 | 2020-09-28 | Takeda Pharmaceuticals Co | Heterociklusos vegyület és annak alkalmazása ampa receptor pozitív allosztérikus modulátorként |
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2016
- 2016-12-12 US US15/375,592 patent/US20170181292A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2016-12-14 EP EP16204194.1A patent/EP3181730B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2016-12-15 CN CN201611159017.7A patent/CN106881255A/zh active Pending
- 2016-12-15 TW TW105141649A patent/TWI593687B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2016-12-15 JP JP2016243100A patent/JP6335263B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2016-12-16 KR KR1020160172221A patent/KR101898875B1/ko active IP Right Grant
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH06299374A (ja) * | 1993-02-18 | 1994-10-25 | Murata:Kk | はんだ、無電解はんだ、銀、ニッケル、亜鉛等の金属の表面 処理方法 |
JP2014140893A (ja) * | 2012-12-20 | 2014-08-07 | Rohm & Haas Electronic Materials Llc | プリフラックスおよび方法 |
JP2015147950A (ja) * | 2014-02-04 | 2015-08-20 | 千住金属工業株式会社 | フラックスコートボール、はんだペースト、フォームはんだ及びはんだ継手 |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP7146317B1 (ja) | 2022-07-13 | 2022-10-04 | メック株式会社 | 表面処理液および銅の表面処理方法、ならびに銅とスズの接合方法および接合体の製造方法 |
WO2024014254A1 (ja) * | 2022-07-13 | 2024-01-18 | メック株式会社 | 表面処理液および銅の表面処理方法、ならびに銅とスズの接合方法および接合体の製造方法 |
JP2024010875A (ja) * | 2022-07-13 | 2024-01-25 | メック株式会社 | 表面処理液および銅の表面処理方法、ならびに銅とスズの接合方法および接合体の製造方法 |
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JP6335263B2 (ja) | 2018-05-30 |
TW201808947A (zh) | 2018-03-16 |
KR101898875B1 (ko) | 2018-09-14 |
KR20170074774A (ko) | 2017-06-30 |
EP3181730B1 (en) | 2018-06-20 |
EP3181730A1 (en) | 2017-06-21 |
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US20170181292A1 (en) | 2017-06-22 |
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