JP2017084698A - 発光装置 - Google Patents
発光装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2017084698A JP2017084698A JP2015213997A JP2015213997A JP2017084698A JP 2017084698 A JP2017084698 A JP 2017084698A JP 2015213997 A JP2015213997 A JP 2015213997A JP 2015213997 A JP2015213997 A JP 2015213997A JP 2017084698 A JP2017084698 A JP 2017084698A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- light emitting
- light
- layer
- protective layer
- organic protective
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 124
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 17
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- -1 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005401 electroluminescence Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920005591 polysilicon Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 5
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 4
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920001709 polysilazane Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005525 hole transport Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001316 Ag alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001148 Al-Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910019086 Mg-Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000002029 aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- UMIVXZPTRXBADB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzocyclobutene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CCC2=C1 UMIVXZPTRXBADB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920011301 perfluoro alkoxyl alkane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920013653 perfluoroalkoxyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- XIRPMPKSZHNMST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-2-phenylbenzene Chemical group C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 XIRPMPKSZHNMST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MVWPVABZQQJTPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-diphenylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione Chemical class O=C1C=CC(=O)C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 MVWPVABZQQJTPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenanthrene Natural products C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [1,10]phenanthroline Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C3=NC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XGQBAQHNKOWRLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Eu].C(C1=CC=CC=C1)(=O)C(C(C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C1=C(C(=NC2=C3N=CC=CC3=CC=C12)C(C(C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C(C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C(C(C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C(C1=CC=CC=C1)=O Chemical compound [Eu].C(C1=CC=CC=C1)(=O)C(C(C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C1=C(C(=NC2=C3N=CC=CC3=CC=C12)C(C(C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C(C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C(C(C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C(C1=CC=CC=C1)=O XGQBAQHNKOWRLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004984 aromatic diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000609 carbazolyl group Chemical class C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC12)* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011365 complex material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000547 conjugated polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004696 coordination complex Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007850 fluorescent dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001109 fluorescent polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RBTKNAXYKSUFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N heliogen blue Chemical compound [Cu].[N-]1C2=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=NC([N-]1)=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=N2 RBTKNAXYKSUFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004866 oxadiazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RZTDESRVPFKCBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-Tol-Tol-p Natural products C1=CC(C)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 RZTDESRVPFKCBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FVDOBFPYBSDRKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid Chemical class C=12C3=CC=C(C(O)=O)C2=C(C(O)=O)C=CC=1C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C2=C1C3=CC=C2C(=O)O FVDOBFPYBSDRKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000553 poly(phenylenevinylene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TVIVIEFSHFOWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-K tri(quinolin-8-yloxy)alumane Chemical compound [Al+3].C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1 TVIVIEFSHFOWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 125000006617 triphenylamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc indium(3+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[Zn++].[In+3] YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Abstract
Description
前記発光素子は、第1の電極層、有機発光層及び第2の電極層が接した状態で順次重なっている発光部を有している発光装置であって、
前記発光素子は、前記発光部の周囲に平面視形状が枠状の有機保護層が配置されており、
前記枠状の有機保護層を有する前記発光素子とそれに隣接する前記枠状の有機保護層を有する前記発光素子との間の間隙部が、前記有機保護層の非形成部とされている構成である。
前記枠状の有機保護層は、前記有機発光層に接する面が滑らかな面とされている。
前記発光素子は、第1の電極層、有機発光層及び第2の電極層が接した状態で順次重なっている発光部を有している発光装置であって、
前記発光素子は、前記発光部の周囲に平面視形状が枠状の有機保護層が配置されており、
前記枠状の有機保護層を有する前記発光素子とそれに隣接する前記枠状の有機保護層を有する前記発光素子との間の間隙部が、前記有機保護層の非形成部とされている構成であることから、有機保護層の面積及び体積を大幅に減少させることができ、その結果、有機保護層から有機発光層へ入り込む水分の量を大幅に減少させることができる。従って、有機保護層に含まれる水分の影響によって、発光部の周辺部において有機発光層が経時的に劣化し、発光部の周辺部の輝度が大幅に低下したり、発光部の周辺部がほとんど発光しなくなるのを抑えることができる。
前記枠状の有機保護層は、前記有機発光層に接する面が滑らかな面とされている場合、枠状の有機保護層の有機発光層に接する面の接触面積が小さくなる。その結果、有機保護層から有機発光層へ入り込む水分の量をより減少させることができ、上記本発明の効果がより向上する。
8 第1の電極層
8a 配線部
9 有機保護層
9a 延出部
10 有機発光層
11 第2の電極層
12 TFT
15 発光部
23 発光素子
23a 間隙部
26 封止基板
28 シール部
Claims (5)
- 発光素子基板と、前記発光素子基板上に配置された複数の発光素子を囲むように形成されているシール部と、前記シール部によって取り付けられた封止基板と、を有しており、
前記発光素子は、第1の電極層、有機発光層及び第2の電極層が接した状態で順次重なっている発光部を有している発光装置であって、
前記発光素子は、前記発光部の周囲に平面視形状が枠状の有機保護層が配置されており、
前記枠状の有機保護層を有する前記発光素子とそれに隣接する前記枠状の有機保護層を有する前記発光素子との間の間隙部が、前記有機保護層の非形成部とされている発光装置。 - 前記枠状の有機保護層は、アクリル系樹脂層である請求項1に記載の発光装置。
- 前記枠状の有機保護層は、前記シール部の外側表面よりも内側にある請求項1または請求項2に記載の発光装置。
- 前記発光素子は、前記発光部の周囲に前記第1の電極層と前記有機発光層が接していない非発光部を有しているとともに、前記非発光部において、前記第1の電極層と前記有機発光層との間にそれらに接して前記枠状の有機保護層が配置されており、
前記枠状の有機保護層は、前記有機発光層に接する面が滑らかな面とされている請求項1乃至請求項3のいずれかに記載の発光装置。 - 前記第1の電極層は、配線部を有しており、前記枠状の有機保護層は、前記配線部を覆う延出部を有している請求項1乃至請求項4のいずれかに記載の発光装置。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2015213997A JP2017084698A (ja) | 2015-10-30 | 2015-10-30 | 発光装置 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2015213997A JP2017084698A (ja) | 2015-10-30 | 2015-10-30 | 発光装置 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2017084698A true JP2017084698A (ja) | 2017-05-18 |
Family
ID=58711077
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2015213997A Pending JP2017084698A (ja) | 2015-10-30 | 2015-10-30 | 発光装置 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP2017084698A (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2018193777A1 (ja) | 2017-04-21 | 2018-10-25 | シャープ株式会社 | 端末装置、基地局装置、通信方法、および、集積回路 |
-
2015
- 2015-10-30 JP JP2015213997A patent/JP2017084698A/ja active Pending
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2018193777A1 (ja) | 2017-04-21 | 2018-10-25 | シャープ株式会社 | 端末装置、基地局装置、通信方法、および、集積回路 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP7066818B2 (ja) | 半導体装置 | |
JP2021108374A (ja) | 発光装置 | |
KR102098573B1 (ko) | 표시패널 및 그 제조방법 | |
US20190198819A1 (en) | Display device | |
JP6711667B2 (ja) | 発光装置 | |
JP6737637B2 (ja) | 発光装置 | |
KR101903679B1 (ko) | 유기 발광 표시 장치 | |
CN111276628B (zh) | 电致发光显示设备 | |
JP6612601B2 (ja) | 発光装置 | |
JP2017084698A (ja) | 発光装置 | |
JP6506103B2 (ja) | 発光装置 | |
KR20230095645A (ko) | 전계 발광 표시 장치 | |
JP6791654B2 (ja) | 光プリンタヘッド | |
JP6747847B2 (ja) | 発光装置 | |
JP6585498B2 (ja) | 発光装置 | |
JP6787849B2 (ja) | 発光装置 | |
JP6888954B2 (ja) | 発光装置 | |
JP6691023B2 (ja) | 発光装置 | |
JP6555965B2 (ja) | 発光装置 | |
JPWO2014174804A1 (ja) | El表示装置の製造方法 | |
JP6825989B2 (ja) | 発光装置 | |
JP2016143446A (ja) | 発光装置 | |
KR20230034826A (ko) | 전계 발광 표시 장치 | |
KR20230093870A (ko) | 전계 발광 표시 장치 | |
KR20230089817A (ko) | 전계 발광 표시 장치 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20180827 |
|
A711 | Notification of change in applicant |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A712 Effective date: 20181017 |
|
A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20190510 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20190521 |
|
A02 | Decision of refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A02 Effective date: 20191119 |