JP2017073463A - R−t−b系焼結磁石 - Google Patents
R−t−b系焼結磁石 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
Rが希土類元素を表し、Tが希土類元素以外の金属元素を表し、Bがホウ素、または、ホウ素および炭素を表すR−T−B系焼結磁石であって、
前記Tとして少なくともFe、Cu、Mn、Al、Co、Ga、Zrを含有し、
前記R−T−B系焼結磁石の総質量を100質量%として、
前記Rの含有量が28.0〜31.5質量%、
前記Cuの含有量が0.04〜0.50質量%、
前記Mnの含有量が0.02〜0.10質量%、
前記Alの含有量が0.15〜0.30質量%、
前記Coの含有量が0.50〜3.0質量%、
前記Gaの含有量が0.08〜0.30質量%、
前記Zrの含有量が0.10〜0.25質量%、
前記Bの含有量が0.85〜1.0質量%であることを特徴とする。
本実施形態に係るR−T−B系焼結磁石は、R2T14B結晶から成る粒子および粒界を有する。そして、複数の特定の元素を特定の範囲の含有量で含有することにより、残留磁束密度Br、保磁力HcJ、耐食性および製造安定性を向上させることができる。さらに、後述する粒界拡散における残留磁束密度Brの低下幅を小さくし、保磁力HcJの増加幅を大きくすることができる。すなわち、本実施形態に係るR−T−B系焼結磁石は、粒界拡散工程なしでも優れた特性を有し、かつ、粒界拡散にも適したR−T−B系焼結磁石である。また、保磁力HcJを向上させる観点から、前記粒界拡散で拡散させる元素は重希土類元素であることが好ましい。
原料粉末は、公知の方法により作製することができる。本実施形態では、単独の合金を使用する1合金法の場合について説明するが、組成の異なる第1合金と第2合金等、2種以上の合金を混合して原料粉末を作製するいわゆる2合金法でもよい。
成形工程では、上記微粉砕粉末を目的の形状に成形する。成形工程には特に限定はないが、本実施形態では、上記微粉砕粉末を金型内に充填し、磁場中で加圧する。これにより得られた成形体は、主相結晶が特定方向に配向しているので、より残留磁束密度の高いR−T−B系焼結磁石が得られる。
焼結工程は、成形体を真空または不活性ガス雰囲気中で焼結し、焼結体を得る工程である。焼結温度は、組成、粉砕方法、粒度と粒度分布の違い等、諸条件により調整する必要があるが、成形体に対して、例えば、真空中または不活性ガスの存在下、1000℃以上1200℃以下、1時間以上20時間以下で加熱する処理を行うことにより焼成する。これにより、高密度の焼結体が得られる。本実施形態では、最低7.48Mg/m3以上、好ましくは7.50Mg/m3以上の密度の焼結体を得る。
時効処理工程は、焼結体を焼結温度より低温で熱処理する工程である。時効処理を行うか否かには特に制限はなく、時効処理の回数にも特に制限はなく所望の磁気特性に応じて適宜実施する。また、後述する粒界拡散工程が時効処理工程を兼ねてもよい。本実施形態に係るR−T−B系焼結磁石では2回の時効処理を行うことが最も好ましい。以下、時効処理を2回行う実施形態について説明する。
必要に応じて、本実施形態に係るR−T−B系焼結磁石を所望の形状に加工する工程を有してもよい。加工方法は、例えば切断、研削などの形状加工や、バレル研磨などの面取り加工などが挙げられる。
以下、本実施形態に係るR−T−B系焼結磁石に対して、重希土類元素を粒界拡散させる方法について説明する。
粒界拡散工程の後には、主面の表面に残存する前記塗料を除去するために研磨を行うことが好ましい。
(希土類焼結磁石基材(希土類焼結磁石体)の作製)
原料として、Nd、Pr(純度99.5%以上)、Dy−Fe合金、電解鉄、低炭素フェロボロン合金を準備した。さらに、Al、Ga、Cu、Co、Mn、Zrを、純金属またはFeとの合金の形で準備した。
さらに、前記した工程で得られた焼結体を、磁化容易軸方向厚み4.2mmに加工した。そして、エタノール100質量%に対し硝酸3質量%とした硝酸とエタノールとの混合溶液に3分間浸漬させた後、エタノールに1分間浸漬する処理を2回行い、焼結体のエッチング処理とした。次いで、エッチング処理後の基材の全面に対し、TbH2粒子(平均粒径D50=10.0μm)をエタノールに分散させたスラリーを、磁石の質量に対するTbの質量比が0.6質量%となるように塗布した。
拡散条件を変化させて拡散試験を行った。実験例2のために、実施例の焼結体として基材Aを、比較例の焼結体として基材a、bを作成した。各基材の組成を表3に記す。各基材の作成方法は実験例1と同様である。
実施例2および比較例1について、第二時効温度T2を変化させて、基材の特性評価を行った。結果を表6、図4に記す。
実施例2および比較例1のR−T−B系焼結磁石に対して粒界拡散を行う際の拡散温度を変化させ、粒界拡散前後での残留磁束密度Brおよび保磁力HcJの変化幅(ΔBr、ΔHcJ)を評価した。結果を表7、図5、図6に記す。
Claims (5)
- Rが希土類元素を表し、Tが希土類元素以外の金属元素を表し、Bがホウ素、または、ホウ素および炭素を表すR−T−B系焼結磁石であって、
前記Tとして少なくともFe、Cu、Mn、Al、Co、Ga、Zrを含有し、
前記R−T−B系焼結磁石の総質量を100質量%として、
前記Rの含有量が28.0〜31.5質量%、
前記Cuの含有量が0.04〜0.50質量%、
前記Mnの含有量が0.02〜0.10質量%、
前記Alの含有量が0.15〜0.30質量%、
前記Coの含有量が0.50〜3.0質量%、
前記Gaの含有量が0.08〜0.30質量%、
前記Zrの含有量が0.10〜0.25質量%、
前記Bの含有量が0.85〜1.0質量%であることを特徴とするR−T−B系焼結磁石。 - 前記Rとして含有する重希土類元素が実質的にDyのみである請求項1に記載のR−T−B系焼結磁石。
- 前記Rとして重希土類元素を実質的に含有しない請求項1に記載のR−T−B系焼結磁石。
- Ga/Alが質量比で0.60以上、1.30以下である請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載のR−T−B系焼結磁石。
- 重希土類元素が請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載のR−T−B系焼結磁石の粒界に拡散されているR−T−B系焼結磁石。
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JP2015199488A JP6488976B2 (ja) | 2015-10-07 | 2015-10-07 | R−t−b系焼結磁石 |
CN201610875773.3A CN107039135B (zh) | 2015-10-07 | 2016-09-30 | R-t-b系烧结磁铁 |
US15/285,113 US10026532B2 (en) | 2015-10-07 | 2016-10-04 | R-T-B based sintered magnet |
DE102016219532.8A DE102016219532B4 (de) | 2015-10-07 | 2016-10-07 | Sintermagnet auf R-T-B Basis |
US15/967,893 US10755840B2 (en) | 2015-10-07 | 2018-05-01 | R-T-B based sintered magnet |
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CN110299237A (zh) * | 2018-03-23 | 2019-10-01 | Tdk株式会社 | R-t-b系烧结磁铁 |
JP2020092122A (ja) * | 2018-12-03 | 2020-06-11 | Tdk株式会社 | R‐t‐b系永久磁石 |
JP2020107888A (ja) * | 2018-12-25 | 2020-07-09 | 日立金属株式会社 | R−t−b系焼結磁石の製造方法 |
JP2020155636A (ja) * | 2019-03-20 | 2020-09-24 | Tdk株式会社 | R−t−b系永久磁石 |
JP2022115921A (ja) * | 2016-12-06 | 2022-08-09 | Tdk株式会社 | R-t-b系永久磁石 |
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JP6488976B2 (ja) * | 2015-10-07 | 2019-03-27 | Tdk株式会社 | R−t−b系焼結磁石 |
JP7020051B2 (ja) * | 2017-10-18 | 2022-02-16 | Tdk株式会社 | 磁石接合体 |
JP7251916B2 (ja) * | 2017-12-05 | 2023-04-04 | Tdk株式会社 | R-t-b系永久磁石 |
CN111430142B (zh) * | 2019-01-10 | 2021-12-07 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | 晶界扩散制备钕铁硼磁体的方法 |
US11242580B2 (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2022-02-08 | Tdk Corporation | R-T-B based permanent magnet |
US20200303100A1 (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2020-09-24 | Tdk Corporation | R-t-b based permanent magnet |
CN111180159B (zh) * | 2019-12-31 | 2021-12-17 | 厦门钨业股份有限公司 | 一种钕铁硼永磁材料、制备方法、应用 |
CN111223623B (zh) * | 2020-01-31 | 2022-04-05 | 厦门钨业股份有限公司 | 一种大厚度钕铁硼磁钢及其制备方法 |
CN111599565B (zh) * | 2020-06-01 | 2022-04-29 | 福建省长汀金龙稀土有限公司 | 钕铁硼磁体材料、原料组合物及其制备方法和应用 |
CN111613404B (zh) * | 2020-06-01 | 2022-03-01 | 福建省长汀金龙稀土有限公司 | 钕铁硼磁体材料、原料组合物及其制备方法和应用 |
CN117709805B (zh) * | 2024-02-05 | 2024-04-16 | 成都晨航磁业有限公司 | 一种基于多数据的磁体生产质量评估方法 |
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US20170103836A1 (en) | 2017-04-13 |
DE102016219532A1 (de) | 2017-04-13 |
US20180294082A1 (en) | 2018-10-11 |
CN107039135B (zh) | 2019-08-27 |
US10026532B2 (en) | 2018-07-17 |
CN107039135A (zh) | 2017-08-11 |
US10755840B2 (en) | 2020-08-25 |
JP6488976B2 (ja) | 2019-03-27 |
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