JP2017046687A - Mushroom culture medium liquids, mushroom culture media, and production methods of mushroom culture medium liquids, and mushroom cultivation methods - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide mushroom culture medium liquids which can easily produce a culture medium liquid which can cultivate a mushroom well, to provide production methods of the mushroom culture medium liquids, to provide culture media comprising the mushroom culture medium liquids, and to provide mushroom cultivation methods using the mushroom culture medium liquid.SOLUTION: A mushroom culture medium liquid contains a rice bran disruption extract obtained by disrupting and stirring the aqueous suspension of rice bran.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

  The present invention relates to a culture solution for straw cultivation, a culture medium for straw cultivation, a method for producing a culture liquid for straw cultivation, and a cultivation method for straw. Specifically, various pods can be cultivated satisfactorily, easy-to-manufacture culture medium for cocoon cultivation, a method for producing the culture medium for cocoon cultivation, a medium for cocoon cultivation using the culture medium for cocoon cultivation, and It is related with the cultivation method of the cocoon using the culture solution for cocoon cultivation.

  In recent years, salmon has attracted attention as a health food in response to growing health consciousness. Conventionally, many commercially available strawberries are produced by artificial fungus bed cultivation using a cultivation medium in which water and nutrient sources are added to a culture substrate. Production of mushrooms by fungus bed cultivation is carried out by inoculating the medium contained in a bottle or bag with the gonococcus, and then passing through various steps such as culture, fungal scraping, budding, growth, and harvesting.

  Sawdust is often used as a culture substrate used in the cultivation medium for strawberries. However, tree species suitable for cultivation differ depending on the cultivar, and for example, maitake needs to use hardwood, eringi, enokitake, and oyster mushrooms, and coniferous sawdust. In addition, the grain size of the culture substrate is important for the cultivation of strawberries. For example, if it is too fine, the growth of mycelia is poor, and if it is too coarse, the water retention is poor. However, sawdust is nonuniform in particle size, and it is not easy to adjust the particle size. Thus, in cultivation using sawdust, it was necessary to consider a combination suitable for straw for the sawdust grade and particle size.

  Furthermore, the amount of sawdust that is disposable after cultivation has increased dramatically due to the widespread use of fungal bed cultivation and the increase in production of straw. For this reason, there is a problem with a method for treating sawdust waste after use, and there is also a concern about a future supply shortage of sawdust.

  In order to solve the problem of sawdust in such bed cultivation of straw, a new culture substrate that replaces sawdust has been developed. For example, the present inventors succeeded in cultivation of straw using cardboard instead of sawdust. When corrugated paper is used, the variety of selection of grapes is wider than when sawdust is used, the particle size can be easily adjusted, and it can be recovered and regenerated after cultivation.

  From the viewpoint of reuse, a granular culture substrate made of an inorganic material or a synthetic resin is known as an alternative material for sawdust (Patent Documents 1 and 2). The present inventors have no need to select grape seeds, can easily adjust the particle size, and can recycle the culture substrate. (Patent Document 1). Furthermore, the cultivation method of the straw using spherical wood as a culture base material was also developed. These culture substrates can be reused by returning to the state before use by washing away the mycelium after cultivating straw.

  However, glass beads and ceramic balls are heavy and not easy to handle, and spherical wood has a problem of high price. Moreover, in order to reuse these after cultivation, it was necessary to develop an appropriate cleaning device. Furthermore, since these base materials do not have water retention properties, it is necessary to use a water retention material such as vermiculite together, resulting in new costs and disposal problems.

  Therefore, the present inventors can further reuse as a culture substrate for fungus bed cultivation as a fungus bed cultivation technique for straw that is easy to handle, easy to reuse, and does not require the use of water retaining materials. A method using a linear or sheet-like fiber substrate was developed (Patent Document 3). According to the method of the present inventors, the culture substrate is lightweight and easy to handle, and after cultivation, the culture substrate can be easily recovered and reused. Therefore, the above-mentioned problem of waste disposal and the problem of insufficient supply of sawdust can be solved simultaneously.

  On the other hand, as nutrient sources for culture media for koji, insoluble nutrient sources such as rice koji, bran, brewer's yeast, soybean koji, etc., water extracts of these insoluble nutrient sources, soluble nutrient sources such as sucrose, inorganic salts, etc. are used. Has been. For example, in Patent Document 3, hot water extract of rice bran, which is obtained by adding water to rice bran, performing high-temperature and high-pressure treatment at 121 ° C. for 10 minutes, and taking out a liquid fraction using gauze, is used as a culture solution.

JP 2003-9656 A JP 2003-134933 A International Publication No. 2014/010314 Pamphlet

  However, when producing such hot water extract, heat treatment is performed at high temperature and high pressure, so special treatment equipment is required, or even a boiling method requires a large amount of energy, time, and labor. It is said.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a culture solution for cultivating straw that can easily produce a culture solution capable of cultivating straw well. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing the culture medium for straw cultivation, a culture medium containing the culture liquid for straw cultivation, and a cultivation method for straw using the culture medium for straw cultivation.

As a result of intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, the inventors of the present invention provide a culture solution for koji cultivation containing a rice koji crushed extract obtained by crushing and stirring a water suspension obtained by adding water to rice koji. Thus, it was found that a culture solution for straw cultivation can be easily produced without requiring a large amount of energy. Moreover, since the culture solution for grape cultivation of this invention has few solid content, it discovered that the culture | cultivation base material was easy to wash | clean and it was easy to reuse. Further, it has been found that various straws can be suitably grown by using the culture medium for straw cultivation of the present invention.
The present invention has been completed by further studies based on these findings.

That is, this invention provides the invention of the aspect hung up below.
Item 1. A culture solution for cultivating rice bran, comprising a rice bran crushed extract obtained by crushing and stirring an aqueous suspension of rice bran.
Item 2. Item 2. The culture solution for koji cultivation according to item 1, wherein the rice koji crushed extract is obtained by crushing and stirring an aqueous suspension containing 20 parts by mass or more of rice koji with respect to 100 parts by mass of water.
Item 3. Item 3. The culture solution for grape cultivation according to Item 1 or 2, wherein the rice bran is at least one selected from the group consisting of Enokitake, Oystertake, Tamogitake, Bunashimeji, Eringi, Willow Matsutake and Shiitake.
Item 4. Item 4. A culture medium for anther cultivation comprising the culture medium for anther cultivation according to any one of Items 1 to 3 and a culture substrate.
Item 5. Item 5. The culture medium for straw cultivation according to Item 4, wherein the culture substrate is a reusable linear fiber substrate or sheet fiber substrate.
Item 6. The cultivation method of a cocoon characterized by culture | cultivating a cocoon bed using the cultivation culture medium containing the culture solution for cultivation of a bamboo shoot in any one of claim | item 1-3, and a culture base material.
Item 7. Item 7. The cultivation method for strawberries according to Item 6, wherein the culture substrate is a reusable linear fiber substrate or sheet fiber substrate.
Item 8. Item 8. The method for cultivating a koji according to item 6 or 7, wherein the koji is at least one selected from the group consisting of enokitake mushrooms, oyster mushrooms, tamogitake mushrooms, beech shimeji mushrooms, eringgi, willow matsutake mushrooms and shiitake mushrooms.
Item 9. Item 9. The method for cultivating cocoons according to any one of Items 7 to 8, wherein a fiber base material is collected from the cultivation medium after cultivating the cocoons, and the fiber base material is reused as a culture substrate to repeatedly cultivate cocoons.
Item 10. The manufacturing method of the culture solution for rice bran cultivation characterized by including the process of crushing and stirring the aqueous suspension of rice bran, and the process of removing solid content and obtaining a rice bran crushing extract.
Item 11. Item 11. The method for producing a culture solution for rice cultivation according to Item 10, wherein the water suspension of rice bran contains 20 parts by mass or more of rice bran with respect to 100 parts by mass of water.
Item 12. Item 12. The method for producing a culture solution for straw cultivation according to Item 10 or 11, wherein the crushing and stirring is performed at 0 to 40 ° C.
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

  According to the present invention, a culture solution for straw cultivation can be easily produced. Moreover, since the culture solution for grape cultivation of this invention has few solid content, the culture | cultivation base material is easy to wash | clean and it is easy to reuse. Furthermore, the culture solution for straw cultivation of the present invention can be suitably applied to cultivation of various strawberries.

1 is an optical micrograph (600 times) of a hot water extract of Comparative Example 1. FIG. FIG. 2 is an optical micrograph (600 magnifications) of the crushed extract of Example 1. FIG. 3 is a photograph showing the crushed extract of Example 1 and the hot water extract of Comparative Example 1 after standing at about 5 to 6 ° C. for about 7 days. FIG. 4 is a photograph of the crushed extract of Example 2. FIG. 5 is a photograph of the hot water extract of Comparative Example 2. FIG. 6 shows the results of observing the appearance of enokitake mushrooms grown under condition 1 in Example 3. FIG. 7 shows the results of observing the appearance of oyster mushrooms after cultivation under condition 1 in Example 4. FIG. 8 shows the results of observing the appearance of Tamogitake cultivated under Condition 1 in Example 5. FIG. 9 shows the results of observing the appearance of beech shimeji grown under condition 2 in Example 6. FIG. 10 shows the result of observing the appearance of eringi grown under condition 1 in Example 7. FIG. 11 shows the result of observing the appearance of willow matsutake cultivated under condition 2 in Example 8. FIG. 12 shows the result of observing the appearance of shiitake cultivated under condition 1 in Example 9. FIG. 13 is a photograph showing the state of the 11th day after light generation at 15 ° C. under bright conditions when oyster mushrooms are cultivated using the rice bran crushed extract A or B of the reference experiment example.

Culture solution for straw cultivation The culture solution for straw cultivation of the present invention is characterized by containing a rice bran crushed extract obtained by crushing and stirring an aqueous suspension of rice bran.

(Rice bran extract)
The rice bran crushed extract is obtained by crushing and stirring water suspension of rice bran.
Rice bran is a by-product of white rice produced by whitening brown rice and includes brown rice peel, seed coat, outer endosperm, paste powder layer, and the like. In the present invention, the rice bran may be used as it is as a by-product when brown rice is refined, or may be dried or heat-treated. Moreover, you may use the commercial item of a rice bran.

  The water used in the rice bran aqueous suspension is not particularly limited, and may be any of tap water, ion exchange water, distilled water, ultrapure water, etc., but ion exchange water in that it has few impurities. Distilled water or ultrapure water is preferred.

  The ratio of water and rice bran contained in the aqueous suspension of rice bran can be appropriately set according to the amount required as a nutrient source for the growth of rice bran. For example, rice bran is 20 mass per 100 mass parts of water. Part or more is preferable, and 30 parts by mass or more is more preferable. The larger the amount of nutrients, the better the growth of the koji, so the higher the concentration of the rice koji crushed extract contained in the koji cultivation medium is preferred. In order to obtain a culture solution for cultivating rice bran containing a higher concentration of rice bran extract, the ratio of water to rice bran may be 60 parts by mass or more for 100 parts by mass of water. If there is too much rice bran, the rice bran crushing extract cannot be obtained efficiently. Therefore, the rice bran is preferably 100 parts by mass or less, more preferably 80 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of water. From the viewpoint of efficiently producing a culture solution for straw cultivation, the rice bran is preferably 30 parts by mass or more and 80 parts by mass or less, and more preferably 30 parts by mass or more and 45 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of water.

  Crushing and stirring is to physically crush rice bran tissue. The crushing and stirring is not particularly limited as long as it is a method capable of crushing the rice bran tissue. For example, the crushing and stirring can be performed by a mill mixer or the like that crushes the rice bran with a rotary stirring blade. The disruptive stirring in the present invention can also be performed with a home mixer or the like.

  The crushing and stirring is preferably performed at 0 to 40 ° C., more preferably 15 to 35 ° C., from the viewpoints of extraction efficiency and rice bran modification.

  After crushing and stirring the rice bran aqueous suspension, the solid content can be removed to obtain a rice bran crushed extract. The solid content here is a water-insoluble crushing residue of rice bran having a relatively large particle size. The rice bran crushing extract is a liquid fraction obtained by removing the solid content from the suspension of rice bran after crushing and stirring.

  The method for recovering the liquid fraction by removing the solid content is not particularly limited as long as it is a method capable of separating the aqueous suspension into a solid phase and a liquid phase, for example, filtration using a filter, filter press, Known solid-liquid separation methods such as centrifugation can be used, and filtration is particularly preferable. In the removal of the solid content, it is preferable to remove those having a particle size of about 100 μm or more contained in the aqueous suspension.

  In the rice bran crushing extract obtained by removing the solid content, a fine water-insoluble crushing residue of rice bran may remain. Since it is costly to remove the minute residue, a minute residue having a particle size smaller than about 100 μm may be included. The water-insoluble crushing residue of rice bran contained in the rice bran crushing extract (liquid fraction) is a conventional hot water obtained by subjecting a water suspension of rice bran to high-temperature and high-pressure treatment and similarly removing the solid content. Compared to the water-insoluble residue contained in the extract, the particles are smaller and more uniform.

The rice bran crushed extract (also referred to as “rice bran crushed extract”), which is the liquid fraction, has a higher yield than the conventional hot water extract. As described above, this is because the water-insoluble crushing residue contained in the rice bran crushing extract is smaller and more uniform than the water-insoluble crushing residue contained in the hot water extract. It can be recovered efficiently, and as a result, the yield of the rice bran crushing extract is considered to be higher than that of the hot water extract.
Moreover, in the rice bran crushing extract, the water-insoluble crushing residue does not settle and separation is not observed even if left for about one week. This is also because the particles of the water-insoluble crushing residue are small and uniform.

  It is preferable that the water-insoluble crushing residue contained in the rice bran crushing extract has such a small particle size that it does not separate from water. Specifically, the particle size of the water-insoluble crushing residue is preferably 10 μm or less, and more preferably 8 μm or less. The particle diameter is a value obtained by measuring the diameter of particles directly observed with an optical microscope (magnification 600 times) and calculating an average value.

  By adding rice bran to the above-described liquid fraction of rice bran and further crushing and stirring, a culture solution containing a higher concentration of rice bran extract can be produced. The rice bran crushed extract has a relatively low viscosity. This is considered to be because the components of the rice bran crush extract obtained by crushing extraction are not denatured by heat.

  The rice bran crushed extract obtained by collecting the above liquid fraction can be used as it is as a culture solution for straw cultivation as described later. Moreover, the rice bran crushing extract can be concentrated or diluted and used as a culture solution for straw cultivation. Furthermore, you may dry a rice bran crushing extract, remove water, and prepare a powdery rice bran crushing extract. The powdered rice bran crushed extract can be used as a culture solution for straw cultivation by appropriately mixing with water at the time of use. The concentrated solution of the rice bran crushing extract or the powdered rice bran crushing extract can be used as an additive for a nutrient source of the culture solution for koji cultivation.

(Culture solution for straw cultivation)
The culture solution for straw cultivation of the present invention contains the aforementioned rice bran crushed extract.
As described above, the rice bran crushed extract obtained by collecting the liquid fraction can be used as it is as a culture solution for straw cultivation. In addition, the rice bran crushed extract may be concentrated or diluted by adding water to be used as a broth culture solution. It does not specifically limit as a concentration method, It can carry out by well-known methods, such as vacuum distillation. Furthermore, water can be appropriately added to the powdery rice bran crushing extract prepared by drying the rice bran crushing extract to remove water, and the resultant can be used as a culture solution for koji cultivation. It does not specifically limit as a drying method, It can carry out by well-known methods, such as fluid bed drying, air drying, shelf drying, freeze drying.

The amount of the rice bran crushed extract in the culture solution for straw cultivation of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is an amount sufficient for the growth of rice bran. For example, in terms of rice bran raw material, it is preferably 200 g / L or more, more preferably. Is 300 to 1000 g / L, more preferably 400 to 1000 g / L, and particularly preferably 400 to 800 g / L.
In addition, the rice bran raw material conversion amount is the amount of rice bran required to obtain the rice bran crushed extract amount. Specifically, it is a value obtained by dividing the weight (g) of rice bran used as a raw material by the amount (L) of the obtained extract.

The culture solution for grape cultivation of the present invention contains a carbon source or a nitrogen source necessary for the growth of straw. Carbon sources or nitrogen sources include proteins, lipids or carbohydrates. What is necessary is just to set suitably these density | concentrations in a culture solution so that it may become the quantity of the carbon source and nitrogen source which are required for growth of a cocoon.
The protein, lipid, and carbohydrate that are the carbon source or nitrogen source generally have a better growth of koji as the content increases.For example, these contents are usually in 100 mL of koji culture medium. The protein is about 1 to 3.6 g, the lipid is about 2 to 7 g, and the carbohydrate is about 2 to 7 g.
The amount of protein is a value obtained by measurement by the Kjeldahl method. The amount of lipid is a value obtained by measurement by a Soxhlet extraction method. As will be described later, the amount of carbohydrate is a value obtained by calculation according to a calculation method of 100− (water + protein + lipid + ash).

  The culture solution for cultivating rice bran of the present invention containing the above rice bran crushed extract contains sufficient components as a nutrient source for grape cultivation, but may contain other nutrient sources as necessary. Other nutrient sources include, for example, insoluble nutrient sources such as bran, corn bran, okara, brewer's yeast, and soybean meal; water extracts of these insoluble nutrient sources, soluble sucrose, casamino acids, inorganic salts, thiamine hydrochloride, etc. A conventionally well-known nutrient source, such as a nutrient source, is mentioned. These nutrient sources may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  What is necessary is just to set suitably about the content of the nutrient source in the culture medium for cultivation according to the kind of cultivation target, the kind of nutrient source to be used, etc. In this invention, since the collection | recovery for reuse of a culture | cultivation base material becomes easy after cultivation, so that the usage-amount of an insoluble nutrient source is reduced, it is preferable that the usage-amount of an insoluble nutrient source is low. When reducing the amount of insoluble nutrient source to be used, the nutrient source required for the growth of the cocoon can be supplemented by using an aqueous extract of the insoluble nutrient source. In the cultivation medium to be used, the addition ratio of the soluble nutrient source and the insoluble nutrient source may be appropriately set in consideration of the type of each nutrient source to be used and the degree of growth of mycelia.

  The culture solution for straw cultivation of the present invention can be widely applied to cultivation of various strawberries as described later. Moreover, the culture solution for grape cultivation of the present invention can be widely applied to conventionally known cultivation methods for grapes. Moreover, the culture solution for anther cultivation of the present invention can also be applied to the cultivation of anther inoculum.

  Thus, although the culture solution for straw cultivation of the present invention is a culture solution suitable for straw cultivation, it can also be applied as a culture solution other than straw. Although it does not specifically limit as a target which can apply the culture solution for cocoon cultivation of this invention, For example, fungi other than a cocoon are mentioned, Specifically, mold | fungi, yeast, a plant pathogen, etc. are mentioned.

Method for producing rice bran culture solution The method for producing a rice broth culture solution of the present invention includes a step of crushing and stirring an aqueous suspension of rice bran, and a step of removing solids to obtain a rice bran extract. It is characterized by that.
Examples of the step of crushing and stirring the aqueous suspension of rice bran include the same method as the method of crushing and stirring the aqueous suspension of rice bran described in the above-mentioned section of "rice bran extract". Examples of the step of obtaining the rice bran crushed extract by removing the solid content include the same method as the method for obtaining the rice bran crushed extract by removing the solid content described in the above-mentioned section of "rice bran crushed extract". It is done.

The cultivation method of the koji using the culture solution for koji cultivation of the present invention and the cultivation method of the inoculum of koji are described in detail below.
Kite cultivation method and koji inoculum culture method (Growth subject to cultivation)
There are no particular limitations on the type of cocoon that can be used in the present invention, and examples include oyster mushrooms, enokitake mushrooms, eringi, tamogitake, bunashimeji, sea cucumbers, bamboo shoots, shiitake mushrooms, maitake mushrooms and willow matsutake. Among these, oyster mushrooms, enokitake, tamogitake, beech shimeji, eringi, willow matsutake, and shiitake are preferred as application targets for the cultivation method of the present invention. Moreover, the cultivation method of this invention can be applied not only to a conventionally well-known cocoon but also to the cocoon newly discovered or produced in the future.

(Culture medium)
In the method for cultivating koji or the method for culturing koji inoculum, a medium for cultivation containing the above-described medium for koji cultivation and a culture substrate is used as the medium for cultivation. The culture medium for straw cultivation containing the above-mentioned culture liquid for straw cultivation and a culture base material is also one of this invention.

(Culture substrate)
There is no particular limitation on the culture substrate used in the cultivation of the fungus bed or the cultivation method of the inoculum of the straw. The wood substrate such as sawdust, corrugated paper, spherical wood, and glass beads. And known materials such as inorganic base materials such as ceramic balls, granular base materials made of a synthetic resin material, and fiber base materials. Especially, as a culture base material, the fiber base material which can be reused is preferable at the point which can reduce the quantity of the waste after cultivation.

  In the present invention, the reusable fiber base material is a base material formed of fibers, and even if it is used once as a culture base material for anther culture medium or anther seed culture, it can be used for general household purposes. It can be washed and reused in a washing machine or a commercial washing machine.

It is preferable that the reusable fiber base material used as the culture base material for the fungus bed cultivation of koji is a linear or sheet-like base material formed from fibers. In addition, it is preferable that the shape is maintained even after washing with a washing machine or the like. Specific examples of such fiber base materials include linear fiber base materials such as yarns, ropes, strings, and ropes, or sheet-like fiber base materials such as nonwoven fabrics, woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, and felts. Among these, sheet-like fiber substrates such as nonwoven fabrics, woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, and felts are preferably used in the present invention because they can be easily collected and washed after cultivation.
The reusable fiber base material is preferably a base material capable of forming a three-dimensional shape capable of forming a scaffold on which wrinkles can grow. Examples of such a three-dimensional shape include a rod shape, a cone shape, a cubic shape, and preferably a rod shape. Examples of a method for forming the substrate having the three-dimensional shape include a bundle of the plurality of linear fiber substrates to form a rod-shaped culture substrate, or a rod-shaped culture by spirally forming the sheet-shaped fiber substrate. The method of using as a base material is mentioned.

It is preferable that the reusable fiber base material applied to the culture base material of the culture | cultivation of an aspergillus is made of a reusable fiber and has a three-dimensional shape extending in one direction. Such a three-dimensional shape not only facilitates the spread of hyphae, but also can be inoculated just by being moved when used as an inoculum after the hyphae have spread. This contributes to the automation of the inoculation in the fungus bed cultivation. Examples of such a three-dimensional shape include a rod shape, a cone shape, a cubic shape, and preferably a rod shape. Preferable examples of such a three-dimensional shape, about ² base area is 0.5～2Cm, preferably ² about 0.5 to 1.5 cm, more preferably 0.6～1Cm ² mm, and high A rod shape having a length of 4 to 7 cm, more preferably 5 to 7 cm is mentioned. It can also be suitably prepared according to the height of the container for fungus bed cultivation.

  As a method of forming the three-dimensional shape with the fibers, for example, a method of stacking and fixing sheet-like fiber base materials such as nonwoven fabric, woven fabric, knitted fabric, felt, etc., and fixing the sheet-like fiber base material in a spiral shape And the like. Moreover, the said three-dimensional shape can also be formed with the said fiber by twisting together linear fiber base materials, such as a thread | yarn, a rope, a string, a rope.

  The fiber constituting the reusable fiber substrate is not particularly limited, and may be natural fiber or chemical fiber. Specific examples of natural fibers that can constitute the fiber substrate include cotton, hemp, wool, silk, and cashmere. Specific examples of chemical fibers that can form the fiber substrate include polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate, polyamides such as nylon 6 and nylon 6,6, acrylics such as polyacrylonitrile, polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene, Synthetic fibers such as polyurethane; regenerated fibers such as rayon, cupra and polynosic; semisynthetic fibers such as acetate and promix. These fibers may be used individually by 1 type, and may be used in combination of 2 or more type.

  Since the reusable fiber base material also plays a role as a water retaining material in a culture medium or the like, it is desirable to use a material having a high water retaining capacity in the present invention.

(How to grow straw)
The method for cultivating cocoons according to the present invention is characterized in that cocoons are cultivated by using a cultivation medium containing the above-described culture medium for cultivating culm and the above-mentioned culture substrate.
As a method for cultivating the fungus bed of koji, any of bottle cultivation, bag cultivation, box cultivation and the like may be used, preferably bottle cultivation and bag cultivation, more preferably bottle cultivation. In the present invention, the conditions for fungus bed cultivation, such as bottle cultivation, bag cultivation, and box cultivation, are the same as those for normal fungus bed cultivation except that the culture solution for straw cultivation of the present invention is used.

  Hereinafter, a bottle cultivation and a bag cultivation are mentioned as an example, and the method of implementing the cultivation method of the straw of this invention is demonstrated.

[Bin cultivation]
Bacteria bed cultivation by bottle cultivation is carried out through steps such as bottle stuffing, sterilization, inoculation, culture, and if necessary, bacteria scraping, budding, growth, and harvesting.

  “Bottled” is a step of filling the culture medium in the culture bottle. In the bottle filling, the culture medium prepared in advance may be packed in a culture bottle, or after the fiber base material is accommodated in the culture bottle, the culture medium for straw cultivation may be added to the culture bottle. About the quantity of the culture medium accommodated in a culture bottle, it sets suitably according to the magnitude | size of a culture bottle, However, Usually, the culture medium is stuffed so that it may occupy 80 to 95% of the volume of a culture bottle. That's fine.

  “Sterilization” is a process of killing microorganisms in culture bottles or culture media. Sterilization is usually performed by a heat sterilization method. Specific conditions for sterilization include 10 to 30 minutes at 100 to 130 ° C.

  “Inoculation” is a process of planting inoculum into a culture medium that is allowed to cool after sterilization. As the inoculum, either a liquid inoculum obtained by culturing in a liquid medium or a solid inoculum obtained by culturing on an agar medium may be used. The inoculation amount of the inoculum is the same as in the case of general bottle cultivation.

  “Cultivation” is a process in which hyphae are spread and matured. The culture conditions are appropriately set according to the type of koji used, the size of the culture bottle, and the like, and usually include about 8 to 36 days at 25 ° C. under dark conditions. More specifically, at 25 ° C. in the dark, about 8 to 36 days for oyster mushrooms, about 13 to 36 days for enokitake mushrooms, about 10 to 31 days for eringi, about 10 to 31 days for tamogitake If it is 9-16 days, it will be about 14-33 days for Bunashimeji. Note that the relative humidity during culture is approximately 100% because the bottle lid is closed.

  The “bacteria scraping” is a process performed as necessary, and is a process of scraping off the inoculum part and the culture medium surface.

  “Sprouting” is a process of forming and growing fruit body primordia and baby fruit body. About the conditions of budding, although it sets suitably according to the kind of koji to be used, about 3 to 30 days are normally mentioned on the conditions of 10-1000 lux and 15-18 degreeC. More specifically, under conditions of 10 to 1000 lux and 15 to 18 ° C., about 7 to 15 days for oyster mushroom, about 12 to 19 days for enokitake, about 11 to 18 days for eringi, About 3 to 11 days, and about 18 to 30 days for Bunashimeji. The relative humidity at the time of sprouting is almost 100% because it is performed with the bottle lid closed.

  “Growth” is a process of growing a fruit body primordium or a young fruit body into a harvestable mature fruit body. Moreover, you may adjust the moisture content in a culture medium by pouring water into the culture medium as needed after scraping a fungus or during germination. The growth conditions are appropriately set according to the type of koji used, the size of the culture bottle, and the like, and usually include about 6 to 16 days under conditions of 10 to 1000 lux and 15 to 18 ° C. More specifically, under conditions of 10 to 1000 lux, 15 to 18 ° C., about 6 to 8 days for oyster mushrooms, about 9 to 11 days for enokitake, about 9 to 11 days for eringi, If so, about 6 to 8 days, and if Buna-Shimeji, about 12 to 16 days may be mentioned. The relative humidity during growth is almost 100% because the bottle lid is closed.

  By performing the above steps, a mature fruit body of cocoon can be obtained. When the mature fruit body of the persimmon is harvested, the whole process of the persimmon bottle cultivation is completed.

  Examples of the types of koji suitable for bottle cultivation include enokitake, oyster mushrooms, tamogitake, bunashimeji, eringi, willow matsutake, shiitake and the like.

[Bag cultivation]
Bacteria bed cultivation by bag cultivation is carried out through various processes such as bagging, sterilization, inoculation, culture, budding, growth, and harvesting.

  “Packing” is a process of packing the cultivation medium in a culture bag. Bag filling may be carried out by impregnating the above-mentioned culture medium for straw cultivation into the above-mentioned fiber base material, and then filling it into a culture bag, and after impregnating the above-mentioned culture medium for straw cultivation into a culture bag You may let them. In addition, the amount of the culture medium to be packed in the culture bag can be appropriately set according to the size of the culture bag or the fiber base material, but is usually about 42 to 71% with respect to the volume of the culture bag. Adjust it.

  "Sterilization" and "inoculation" are as described in the bottle cultivation. In addition, the inoculation amount of the inoculum in the “inoculation” step is the same as in the case of general bag cultivation.

  “Cultivation” refers to the same process as in the bottle cultivation. The culture conditions in the case of bag cultivation are also appropriately set according to the type of koji used, the size of the culture bottle, etc., and usually include about 13 to 90 days at 25 ° C. in the dark. More specifically, under conditions of 25 ° C. and dark, about 17 to 20 days for Tamogitake, about 13 to 18 days for Oyster mushroom, and about 90 days for Shiitake mushroom. The relative humidity during the culture is almost 100% because the bag is closed.

  “Sprouting” refers to the same process as in the bottle cultivation. The conditions for budding in the case of bag cultivation are also appropriately set according to the type of koji used, and usually include about 3 to 10 days under conditions of 10 to 1000 lux and 15 to 18 ° C. More specifically, under conditions of 10 to 1000 lux and 15 to 18 ° C., about 3 to 7 days for Tamogitake, about 6 to 10 days for Oyster mushrooms, about 5 to 7 days for Shiitake mushrooms It is done. In general, sprouting is performed by removing the culture medium from the bag and exposing the surface, and after watering the culture medium, the germination is performed in an environment where the relative humidity is 80 to 100%. Moreover, you may adjust the moisture content in a culture medium by sprinkling water to the culture medium for cultivation as needed.

  “Growth” refers to the same process as in the case of bottle cultivation. The conditions for growth in the case of bag cultivation are also set as appropriate according to the type of koji used, the size of the culture bottle, etc., and usually about 7 to 10 days under conditions of 10 to 1000 lux and 15 to 18 ° C. Can be mentioned. More specifically, under conditions of 10 to 1000 lux and 15 to 18 ° C., about 7 to 9 days for Tamotake, about 7 to 10 days for oyster mushroom, and about 7 to 9 days for shiitake mushroom. It is done. The growth is usually performed in a state where the culture medium is taken out of the bag and the surface is exposed, and the relative humidity is 80 to 100%. Moreover, you may adjust the moisture content in a culture medium by sprinkling water to the culture medium for cultivation as needed during growth.

  By performing the above steps, a mature fruit body of cocoon can be obtained. When the mature fruit body of the cocoon is harvested, the whole process of bag cultivation of the cocoon is completed.

  The types of koji suitable for bag cultivation include enokitake mushroom, oyster mushroom, tamogitake, beech shimeji mushroom, eringi, willow matsutake mushroom or shiitake mushroom, etc. Is preferred.

  In the anther cultivation method of the present invention, when the above-mentioned reusable fiber substrate is used as a culture substrate, the fiber substrate is recovered from the medium after use after cultivation of the anther, washed, It can be reused again as a culture substrate. The fiber base material can be easily collected after use, and can be easily washed with an existing washing apparatus such as a washing machine. Thus, in the cocoon cultivation method of the present invention, after the cultivation of the cocoon, the fiber base material is recovered from the culture medium, and the fiber base material is reused as a culture base material to repeatedly cultivate the cocoon. preferable.

(Cultivation method of Aspergillus oryzae)
The inoculum for cultivating potato beds is produced by impregnating the aforementioned culture substrate with the aforementioned culture medium for cultivating potatoes and inoculating the microbial cells of the pods.

  In the production of the inoculum for cultivating moth beds, before inoculating the microbial cells of the cocoon into the culture substrate impregnated with the culture medium for cultivating potatoes, the liquid medium and the culture substrate are sterilized by heat sterilization. It is desirable to keep it.

  After inoculating the microbial cells of the koji into the culture substrate impregnated with the culture solution for koji cultivation, it is about 22 to 25 ° C., preferably about 24 to 25 ° C., and about 96 to 144 hours under dark conditions, preferably By culturing under conditions of about 100 to 130 hours, cocoon hyphae are formed on at least a part of the culture base material, and an inoculum for cultivating moth beds is obtained.

  Even in the cultivation of Aspergillus, if the above-mentioned reusable fiber substrate is used as the culture substrate, after recovering the cultivation substrate of Aspergillus oryzae for fungus bed cultivation, if necessary, Again, it can be reused as a culture substrate for gonococcus for fungus bed cultivation and a fiber substrate for cultivation medium. Washing | cultivation of the culture | cultivation base material of the gonococcus for fungus beds cultivation, and the fiber base material of the culture medium can be easily performed with the existing washing | cleaning apparatuses, such as a washing machine.

  EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention concretely, this invention is not limited only to the range of a following example.

Example 1
Preparation of rice bran crushed extract Add 200g of rice bran per 600mL of water, crush and stir at about 20-25 ° C for about 2 minutes with a mixer (product name Power Blender 14071JP, manufactured by Russell Hobbs Co., Ltd.) 260 g / m ² ), and the liquid fraction was taken out to obtain a rice bran crushed extract.

Comparative Example 1
Preparation of hot water extract of rice bran Add 200g of rice bran to 600mL of water, perform high-temperature and high-pressure sterilization at 121 ° C for 10 minutes, allow to cool, and filter through a bag-like cloth (weight per unit of 260g / m ² ) The fraction was taken out to obtain a hot water extract of rice bran.

  Table 1 shows the yield and components of each of the obtained crushed extract and hot water extract. Regarding the content of each component, moisture was measured by an atmospheric pressure drying method, protein was measured by a Kjeldahl method, lipid was measured by a Soxhlet extraction method, and ash was measured by a direct ashing method. Carbohydrate was calculated from the weight of the extract, excluding moisture, protein, lipid and ash content. The amount of energy was defined as the sum of the determined amount of protein, lipid and calculated carbohydrate multiplied by a coefficient (protein 4 kcal / g, lipid 9 kcal / g, carbohydrate 4 kcal / g). From Table 1, it was found that the crushed extract had almost the same components as the hot water extract, but the yield was high.

  The obtained extract was observed with an optical microscope (magnification 600 times), and the diameter of the water-insoluble residue particles contained in each extract was measured at 30 points to obtain an average value. The results are shown in Table 2. FIG. 1 shows an optical micrograph of the hot water extract, and FIG. 2 shows an optical micrograph of the crushed extract. In both cases, the magnification is 600 times.

  From Table 2, it was found that the water-insoluble residue contained in the crushed extract was smaller in particle size and variation than the water-insoluble residue contained in the hot water extract.

  Furthermore, the obtained extract was put in an 800 mL glass bottle, covered, and allowed to stand at a temperature of about 5 to 6 ° C. for about 7 days. A photograph of the state of the extract after standing for about 7 days is shown in FIG. From FIG. 3, the hot water extract was separated after standing for about 7 days, but the crushed extract was not separated.

Example 2
(Preparation of rice bran crushed extract)
Add 200 g of rice bran per 600 mL of water, crush and stir at about 20-25 ° C. for about 2 minutes with a mixer (product name Power Blender 14071JP, manufactured by Russell Hobbs), and use a bag-like cloth (weight per unit: 260 g / m ² ) The liquid fraction was taken out by filtration. 200 g of rice bran was again added per 600 mL of the liquid fraction obtained here, and the same operation was performed to obtain a crushed extract of rice bran.

Comparative Example 2
(Preparation of hot water extract of rice bran)
200 g of rice bran was added per 600 mL of water, sterilized at high temperature and high pressure at 121 ° C. for 10 minutes, allowed to cool, and then filtered using a bag-like cloth (weight per unit area 260 g / m ² ) to take out a liquid fraction. 200 g of rice bran was again added per 600 mL of the liquid fraction obtained here, and the same operation was performed to obtain a hot water extract of rice bran.

  The photograph which showed the mode of the obtained crushing extract and hot water extract is shown in FIG.4 and FIG.5. When 400 g of rice bran total was added per 600 mL of water, the hot water extract became so viscous that it became so muddy that it could not be used as a koji cultivation solution (FIG. 5). The viscosity was not high, and it could be used as a solution for cultivation of strawberries (FIG. 4).

Comparative Examples 3 and 4
200 g of rice bran is added per 600 mL of water, and each is left standing or stirred, and then filtered using a bag-like cloth (weight per unit area 260 g / m ² ) to obtain a liquid fraction to obtain a water extract of rice bran. It was. Stirring was performed for 60 minutes in total by stirring several times with a spoonful every 2 minutes. The standing was performed for 60 minutes. About content of each component, it measured by the method similar to the method mentioned above. The composition of the obtained water extract is shown in Table 3 together with the crushed extract of Example 1.

  From Table 3, it was found that the crushed extract was superior to the aqueous extract obtained by standing or stirring, and the protein, lipid, ash, and carbohydrate had a large amount of components, and were excellent as a culture solution.

Example 3: Cultivation of Enokitake In addition rice bran 200g per preparation water 600mL of culture, mixer (product name power blender 14071JP, Russell Hobbs Inc.) for about 2 minutes and disrupted stirred at about 20-25 ° C., a bag-shaped cloth (basis weight 260 g / m ² ) To obtain a liquid fraction and obtain a crushed extract of rice bran.

2. Preparation of cultivation medium Table 1 shows a 200 mL polypropylene cup (inner diameter 7 cm, under the condition 1 shown in Table 1) or a 1 L polypropylene bottle (inner diameter 8.5 cm, under the condition 2 shown in Table 1). Various fiber materials were packed in the shape shown in Table 1. Next, the crushed extract of rice bran prepared above was added in the amount shown in Table 1, and a screw cap made of polypropylene with aluminum foil or membrane was added. This was sterilized at high temperature and high pressure for 1 hour at 121 ° C. to prepare a culture medium for cultivation.

3. Cultivation of Enokitake A stock of Enokitake was cultured on a petri dish with a diameter of 90 mm containing potato dextrose agar medium (PDA medium) under dark conditions at 25 ° C. for 14 days as an inoculum. The grown mycelium was punched with a cork borer having a diameter of 3 mm, and 10 or 40 were inoculated on the surface of the culture medium prepared above. The mycelium was spread throughout the medium by culturing at 25 ° C. under dark conditions for a predetermined period.

  Then, when the polypropylene cup was used, the fungus scraping operation was performed, and 5 mL of 6 to 7 ° C. cold water was poured. When a polypropylene bottle was used, the submerged work was performed for 1 hour in cold water at 6 to 7 ° C. After that, when placed in a water tank filled with water and cultured for a predetermined period of time under light conditions of 15 ° C. and 300 lux (Table 4), fruiting body primordia were confirmed. Further cultivation under the same conditions gave a mature fruiting body.

Example 4: Oyster mushroom cultivation Preparation of culture solution 200 g of rice bran was added per 600 mL of water, and the mixture was crushed and stirred at about 20-25 ° C. for about 2 minutes with a mixer (product name: Power Blender 14071JP, manufactured by Russell Hobbs). After crushing and stirring, the mixture was filtered using a bag-like cloth (weight per unit area 260 g / m ² ) to take out the liquid fraction, thereby obtaining a rice bran crushing extract.

2. Preparation of cultivation medium Table 2 shows a 200 mL polypropylene cup (inner diameter 7 cm, under the condition 1 shown in Table 2) or a 1 L polypropylene bottle (inner diameter 8.5 cm, under the condition 2 shown in Table 2). Various fiber materials were packed in the shape shown in Table 2. Subsequently, the culture solution prepared above was added in the amount shown in Table 2, and an aluminum foil or a polypropylene screw cap with a membrane was formed. This was sterilized at high temperature and high pressure for 1 hour at 121 ° C. to prepare a culture medium for cultivation.

3. Cultivation of oyster mushrooms A stock strain of oyster mushrooms cultured on a petri dish having a diameter of 90 mm containing potato dextrose agar medium (PDA medium) under dark conditions at 25 ° C. for 14 days was used as an inoculum. The grown mycelium was punched with a cork borer having a diameter of 3 mm, and 10 or 40 were inoculated on the surface of the culture medium prepared above. The mycelium was spread throughout the medium by culturing at 25 ° C. under dark conditions for a predetermined period.

  Then, when the polypropylene cup was used, the fungus scraping operation was performed, and 5 mL of 6 to 7 ° C. cold water was poured. When a polypropylene bottle was used, the submerged work was performed for 1 hour in cold water at 6 to 7 ° C. After that, when placed in a water tank filled with water and cultured for a predetermined period of time under light conditions of 15 ° C. and 300 lux (Table 5), fruiting body primordia were confirmed. Further cultivation under the same conditions gave a mature fruiting body.

Example 5: Cultivation of Tamogitake Preparation of culture solution Add 200g of rice bran per 600mL of water, crush and stir with a mixer (product name Power Blender 14071JP, manufactured by Russell Hobbs) at about 20-25 ° C for about 2 minutes, and form a bag-like cloth (weight per unit: 260g / m) ^The liquid fraction was taken out by filtration using ² ) to obtain a crushed extract of rice bran.

2. Preparation of cultivation medium Table 6 shows a 200 mL polypropylene cup (inner diameter 7 cm, under the condition 1 shown in Table 6) or a 1 L polypropylene bottle (inner diameter 8.5 cm, under the condition 2 shown in Table 6). Various fiber materials were packed in the shape shown in Table 6. Subsequently, the culture solution prepared above was added in the amount shown in Table 1, and a screw cap made of polypropylene with an aluminum foil or a membrane was added. This was sterilized at high temperature and high pressure for 1 hour at 121 ° C. to prepare a culture medium for cultivation.

3. Cultivation of Tamogitake A stock strain of Tamogitake was cultured on a petri dish having a diameter of 90 mm containing potato dextrose agar medium (PDA medium) under dark conditions at 25 ° C. for 14 days, and was used as an inoculum. The grown mycelium was punched with a cork borer having a diameter of 3 mm, and 10 or 40 were inoculated on the surface of the culture medium prepared above. The mycelium was spread throughout the medium by culturing at 25 ° C. under dark conditions for a predetermined period.

  Then, when the polypropylene cup was used, the fungus scraping operation was performed, and 5 mL of 6 to 7 ° C. cold water was poured. When a polypropylene bottle was used, the submerged work was performed for 1 hour in cold water at 6 to 7 ° C. After that, when placed in a water tank filled with water and cultured for a predetermined period of time under light conditions of 15 ° C. and 300 lux (Table 6), fruiting body primordia were confirmed. Further cultivation under the same conditions gave a mature fruiting body.

Example 6: Cultivation of Bunashimeji Preparation of culture solution Add 200g of rice bran per 600mL of water, crush and stir with a mixer (product name Power Blender 14071JP, manufactured by Russell Hobbs) at about 20-25 ° C for about 2 minutes, and form a bag-like cloth (weight per unit: 260g / m) ^The liquid fraction was taken out by filtration using ² ) to obtain a crushed extract of rice bran.

2. Preparation of cultivation medium Table 4 shows a 200 mL polypropylene cup (inner diameter 7 cm, under the condition 1 shown in Table 4) or a 1 L polypropylene bottle (inner diameter 8.5 cm, under the condition 2 shown in Table 4). Various fiber materials were packed in the shape shown in Table 4. Subsequently, the culture solution prepared above was added in the amount shown in Table 4, and an aluminum foil or a polypropylene screw cap with a membrane was formed. The culture medium was prepared by sterilizing this at 121 ° C. for 1 hour at high temperature and high pressure.

3. Cultivation of Buna Shimeji A stock of Buna shimeji was cultured on a petri dish having a diameter of 90 mm containing a potato dextrose agar medium (PDA medium) under dark conditions at 25 ° C. for 14 days as a seed fungus. The grown mycelium was punched with a cork borer having a diameter of 3 mm, and 10 or 40 were inoculated on the surface of the culture medium prepared above. The mycelium was spread throughout the medium by culturing at 25 ° C. under dark conditions for a predetermined period.

  Then, when the polypropylene cup was used, the fungus scraping operation was performed, and 5 mL of 6 to 7 ° C. cold water was poured. When a polypropylene bottle was used, the submerged work was performed for 1 hour in cold water at 6 to 7 ° C. After that, when placed in a water tank filled with water and cultured for a predetermined period of time under light conditions of 15 ° C. and 300 lux (Table 7), fruiting body primordia were confirmed. Further cultivation under the same conditions gave a mature fruiting body.

Example 7: Cultivation of eringi Preparation of culture solution Add 200g of rice bran per 600mL of water, crush and stir with a mixer (product name Power Blender 14071JP, manufactured by Russell Hobbs) at about 20-25 ° C for about 2 minutes, and form a bag-like cloth (weight per unit: 260g / m) ^The liquid fraction was taken out by filtration using ² ) to obtain a crushed extract of rice bran.

2. Preparation of cultivation medium Table 5 shows a 200 mL polypropylene cup (inner diameter 7 cm, under the condition 1 shown in Table 5) or a 1 L polypropylene bottle (inner diameter 8.5 cm, under the condition 2 shown in Table 5). Various fiber materials were packed in the shape shown in Table 5. Subsequently, the culture solution prepared above was added in the amount shown in Table 5 to form a screw cap made of polypropylene with an aluminum foil or a membrane. This was sterilized at high temperature and high pressure for 1 hour at 121 ° C. to prepare a culture medium for cultivation.

3. Cultivation of eringi A stock strain of eringi was cultured on a petri dish having a diameter of 90 mm containing a potato dextrose agar medium (PDA medium) for 14 days under dark conditions at 25 ° C. as a seed. The grown mycelium was punched with a cork borer having a diameter of 3 mm, and 10 or 40 were inoculated on the surface of the culture medium prepared above. The mycelium was spread throughout the medium by culturing at 25 ° C. under dark conditions for a predetermined period.

  Then, when the polypropylene cup was used, the fungus scraping operation was performed, and 5 mL of 6 to 7 ° C. cold water was poured. When a polypropylene bottle was used, the submerged work was performed for 1 hour in cold water at 6 to 7 ° C. After that, when placed in a water tank filled with water and cultured for a predetermined period of time under light conditions of 15 ° C. and 300 lux (Table 8), fruiting body primordia were confirmed. Further cultivation under the same conditions gave a mature fruiting body.

Example 8: Cultivation of Willow Matsutake Preparation of culture solution Add 200g of rice bran per 600mL of water, crush and stir with a mixer (product name Power Blender 14071JP, manufactured by Russell Hobbs) at about 20-25 ° C for about 2 minutes, and form a bag-like cloth (weight per unit: 260g / m) ^The liquid fraction was taken out by filtration using ² ) to obtain a crushed extract of rice bran.

2. Preparation of cultivation medium Table 6 shows a 200 mL polypropylene cup (inner diameter 7 cm, under the condition 1 shown in Table 6) or a 1 L polypropylene bottle (inner diameter 8.5 cm, under the condition 2 shown in Table 6). Various fiber materials were packed in the shape shown in Table 6. Next, the amount of the culture solution prepared above was added as shown in Table 6, and a screw cap made of polypropylene with an aluminum foil or a membrane was added. This was sterilized at high temperature and high pressure for 1 hour at 121 ° C. to prepare a culture medium for cultivation.

3. Cultivation of willow matsutake A stock of willow matsutake was cultured on a petri dish with a diameter of 90 mm containing potato dextrose agar medium (PDA medium) under dark conditions at 25 ° C. for 14 days as an inoculum. The grown mycelium was punched with a cork borer having a diameter of 3 mm, and 10 or 40 were inoculated on the surface of the culture medium prepared above. The mycelium was spread throughout the medium by culturing at 25 ° C. under dark conditions for a predetermined period.

  Then, when the polypropylene cup was used, the fungus scraping operation was performed, and 5 mL of 6 to 7 ° C. cold water was poured. When a polypropylene bottle was used, the submerged work was performed for 1 hour in cold water at 6 to 7 ° C. After that, when placed in a water tank filled with water and cultured for a predetermined period of time under light conditions of 15 ° C. and 300 lux (Table 9), fruiting body primordia were confirmed. Further cultivation under the same conditions gave a mature fruiting body.

Example 9: Cultivation of shiitake mushrooms Preparation of culture solution Add 200g of rice bran per 600mL of water, crush and stir with a mixer (product name Power Blender 14071JP, manufactured by Russell Hobbs) at about 20-25 ° C for about 2 minutes, and form a bag-like cloth (weight per unit: 260g / m) ^The liquid fraction was taken out by filtration using ² ) to obtain a crushed extract of rice bran.

2. Preparation of culture medium Various fiber materials shown in Table 7 were packed in a shape shown in Table 7 in a 1 L-volume polypropylene bottle (inner diameter 8.5 cm, condition 1 shown in Table 7). Next, the amount of the culture solution prepared above was added as shown in Table 7, and a polypropylene screw cap with a membrane was added. This was sterilized at high temperature and high pressure for 1 hour at 121 ° C. to prepare a culture medium for cultivation.

3. Cultivation of shiitake mushrooms A stock strain of shiitake mushrooms was cultured on a petri dish having a diameter of 90 mm containing potato dextrose agar medium (PDA medium) under dark conditions at 25 ° C. for 14 days as an inoculum. The grown mycelium was punched with a cork borer having a diameter of 3 mm, and 40 cells were inoculated on the surface of the culture medium prepared above. The mycelium was spread throughout the medium by culturing at 25 ° C. under dark conditions for a predetermined period.

  Thereafter, submersion was performed for 1 hour in cold water at 6 to 7 ° C. Then, it was put in a water tank filled with water and cultured for a predetermined period under a light condition of 15 ° C. and 300 lux (Table 10). Further cultivation under the same conditions gave a mature fruiting body.

Reference experiment example 1: Cultivation of oyster mushrooms 50 g of rice bran is added per 600 mL of water, and the mixture is crushed and stirred at about 20-25 ° C. for about 2 minutes with a mixer (product name: Power Blender 14071JP, manufactured by Russell Hobbs). The liquid fraction was taken out using a quantity of 260 g / m ² ) to obtain a rice bran crushed extract A.
Moreover, 200 g of rice bran was added per 600 mL of water, and a rice bran crushed extract B was obtained in the same manner as described above.
Except for using the obtained crushed extract A or B, oyster mushrooms were cultivated in the same manner as in condition 1 of Example 4, and the state of fruiting body formation after 11 days had passed under light conditions of 15 ° C. and 300 lux. Observed. The results are shown in FIG. From FIG. 13, it was found that the crushed extract with a higher concentration has better growth of oyster mushrooms.

Experimental Example After adding 200 g of rice bran per 600 mL of distilled water and crushing and stirring at about 20-25 ° C. for about 5 minutes with a mixer (product name Power Blender 14071JP, manufactured by Russell Hobbs), several layers of commercially available gauze are stacked. The mixture was filtered using a rice cake, and the liquid fraction was taken out to obtain a rice bran crushed extract.
A medium adjusted to a moisture content of 62 ± 2% was packed in 850 mL polypropylene bottles at 500 g per bottle, sterilized at 118 ° C. at high pressure, and then inoculated with a test bacterium (eringi). After culturing for 40 days under dark conditions at 22 ± 1 ° C. and relative humidity of 65%, the generating operation was performed under illumination for 15 hours at 15 ± 1 ° C. and 95% relative humidity. It was harvested when the fungus umbrella was opened in 8 parts, and the number of days required for spreading the mycelium, the number of days required for cultivation, the number of generations, and the yield per bottle were measured.
As a culture medium, 100 g (dry weight) of rice bran mixed with 100 g of rice bran (containing 10% water) (control), 100 g (dry weight) of rice bran mixed with 300 mL of the above rice bran crushing extract (Test section 1), 100 g (dry weight) of sawdust mixed with 100 g of rice bran (containing 10% water) and 300 mL of the rice bran crushed extract (test section 2) was used. The results are shown in Table 11.

  The culture solution for straw cultivation of the present invention can be suitably applied to cultivation of various strawberries.

Claims (12)

  A culture solution for cultivating rice bran, comprising a rice bran crushed extract obtained by crushing and stirring an aqueous suspension of rice bran.   The culture solution for straw cultivation according to claim 1, wherein the rice bran crushed extract is obtained by crushing and stirring an aqueous suspension containing 20 parts by mass or more of rice bran with respect to 100 parts by mass of water.   The culture solution for anther cultivation according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the anther is at least one selected from the group consisting of Enokitake, Oyster mushroom, Tamogitake, Bunashimeji, Eringi, Willow matsutake and Shiitake.   A culture medium for grape cultivation comprising the culture solution for grape cultivation according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and a culture substrate.   The culture medium for straw cultivation according to claim 4, wherein the culture base material is a reusable linear fiber base material or a sheet-like fiber base material.   The cultivation method of a cocoon characterized by cultivating a cocoon bed using the cultivation medium containing the culture solution for cultivation of a cocoon in any one of Claims 1-3, and a culture base material.   The cultivation method of the straw of Claim 6 whose said culture | cultivation base material is a reusable linear fiber base material or a sheet-like fiber base material.   The cultivation method of the cocoon according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the cocoon is at least one selected from the group consisting of enokitake mushroom, oyster mushroom, tamogitake, bunashimeji, eringi, willow matsutake and shiitake.   The cultivation method of the cocoon according to any one of claims 7 to 8, wherein a fiber base material is collected from the cultivation medium after the cultivation of the cocoon, and the fiber base material is reused as a culture base material to repeat the cultivation of the cocoon. . Crushing and stirring the aqueous suspension of rice bran, and
The manufacturing method of the culture solution for rice bran cultivation characterized by including the process of removing solid content and obtaining the rice bran crushing extract.   The method for producing a culture solution for straw cultivation according to claim 11, wherein the water suspension of rice bran contains 20 parts by mass or more of rice bran with respect to 100 parts by mass of water.   The manufacturing method of the culture solution for straw cultivation of Claim 10 or 11 with which the said crushing stirring is performed at 0-40 degreeC.