JP2016025874A - 新規な菌株保存技術を用いた高度不飽和脂肪酸の製造方法 - Google Patents
新規な菌株保存技術を用いた高度不飽和脂肪酸の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2016025874A JP2016025874A JP2015224935A JP2015224935A JP2016025874A JP 2016025874 A JP2016025874 A JP 2016025874A JP 2015224935 A JP2015224935 A JP 2015224935A JP 2015224935 A JP2015224935 A JP 2015224935A JP 2016025874 A JP2016025874 A JP 2016025874A
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Abstract
Description
従って本発明は、前工程からの菌糸あるいは胞子の移植条件を改善することを特徴とする、培養の再現性の改善並びに安定なPUFA含有油脂(トリグリセリド)及び/又はPUFA含有リン脂質の生産による、PUFA含有油脂(トリグリセリド)及び/又はPUFA含有リン脂質、及び/又はPUFA含有菌体の製造方法を提供しようとするものである。
(a)無機塩類と糖類とから成る栄養源を含むpH4〜7の胞子形成培地で胞子を形成せしめ;
(b)前記(a)で得た胞子を、滅菌水、あるいは界面活性剤及び/又は無機塩類を含む滅菌水に懸濁して胞子懸濁液を調製し、凍結保存剤を5〜15%となるように添加して凍結保存胞子懸濁液を調製し;そして
(c)前記(b)で得た凍結保存胞子懸濁液を、−100℃〜−20℃で保存する;
ことを含んで成る方法を提供する。
上記の方法において、凍結保存剤は、好ましくはグリセリンである。
前記オメガ9系不飽和脂肪酸は、好ましくは、6,9-オクタデカジエン酸 18:2ω9、8,11-エイコサジエン酸 20:2ω9又は5,8,11-エイコサトリエン酸(ミード酸)20:3ω9である。
従って本発明は、新規な保存菌株調製法および保存方法によって保存された菌株を接種して培養を行なうことを特徴とする、培養の再現性の改善並びに安定なPUFA含有油脂(トリグリセリド)及び/又はPUFA含有リン脂質の生産による、PUFA含有油脂(トリグリセリド)及び/又はPUFA含有リン脂質、及び/又はPUFA含有菌体の製造方法を提供しようとするものである。
従って、高度不飽和脂肪酸を構成脂肪酸として含んで成る化合物(油脂(トリグリセリド)及び/又はリン脂質)を産生しうる微生物を培養することが必須である。ここでいう微生物としては、炭素数が18以上で二重結合は3以上のω6系高度不飽和脂肪酸、炭素数が18以上で二重結合が2以上のω9系高度不飽和脂肪酸、及び炭素数が18以上で二重結合が3以上のω3系高度不飽和脂肪酸の少なくとも1種の高度不飽和脂肪酸を主にトリグリセリド及び/又はリン脂質の構成脂肪酸として産生する微生物が望ましい。
このようにして、超低温フリーザーにて保管した菌株は長期間に渡って安定的に保存することが可能である。
本発明の微生物バイオマス、粗油、精製油脂(トリグリセリド)、粗リン脂質、精製リン脂質などの用途に関しては無限の可能性があり、食品、飲料、化粧品、医薬品の原料並びに添加物として使用することがでる。そして、その使用目的、使用量に関して何ら制限を受けるものではない。
実施例1. 胞子懸濁液の凍結保存方法
アラキドン酸生産菌としてMortierella alpina 1S-4株を用いた。試験管に調製したCzapek寒天培地(pH6.0に調整し滅菌した)のスラントで、25℃にて静置培養を7日間行ない、菌糸増殖を確認した後、試験管を冷蔵庫(4℃)にて10日間保管した。
M. alpina 1S-4株を液体培養に用いる場合は、凍結保存菌株を25℃恒温機内で素早く解凍して、液体培地に接種した。
アラキドン酸生産菌としてMortierella alpina 1S-4株を用いた。試験管に調製したCzapek寒天培地(pH6.0に調整し滅菌した)のスラントで、25℃にて静置培養を7日間行ない、菌糸増殖を確認した後、試験管を冷蔵庫にて保管した。
M. alpina 1S-4株を液体培養に用いる場合は、試験管に滅菌水を加えてよく攪拌し、胞子懸濁液を調製した。この胞子懸濁液を液体培地に接種した。
M. alpina 1S-4株を用いて、実施例1および比較例1の方法で調製した種菌から培養した。
保存菌株を、酵母エキス1.0%、グルコース2.0%、pH6.3の培地に0.1vol.%接種し、往復振盪100rpm、温度28℃の条件にて種培養を開始し、3日間培養した。
次に、脱脂大豆粉5.0%、KH2PO4 0.3%、Na2SO4 0.1%、CaCl2・2H2O 0.05%、MgCl2・6H2O 0.05%、グルコース1.8%、大豆油0.1%、pH6.3の培地25Lを50L容通気攪拌培養槽に調製し、これに種培養液を100mL接種して、攪拌回転数92rpm、温度26℃、槽内圧200kPa、通気量12.5L/minの条件にて培養を開始した。培養途中で、グルコースを表1の濃度で流加し、10日間の培養を行なった。
実施例1の方法で調製し保存した種菌の場合は、各培養におけるアラキドン酸生成量の再現性は良好であった。しかし、比較例1の方法で種菌を調製、保存した場合は、培養ごとの再現性が劣る結果であった。
M. alpina 1S-4株を用いて、実施例1および比較例1の方法で調製した種菌から培養した。
保存菌株を、酵母エキス1.0%、グルコース2.0%、pH6.3の培地に0.1vol.%接種し、往復振盪100rpm、温度28℃の条件にて種培養を開始し、3日間培養した。
次に、酵母エキス1.0%、グルコース1.8%、大豆油0.1%、pH6.3の培地25Lを50L容通気攪拌培養槽に調製し、これに種培養液を100mL接種して、攪拌回転数200rpm、温度28℃、槽内圧150kPa、通気量25L/minの条件にて培養を開始した。培養途中で、グルコースを表3の濃度で流加し、7日間の培養を行なった。
実施例1の方法で調製し保存した種菌の場合は、長期間の保存を経ても良好にアラキドン酸生産性が再現された。しかし、比較例1の方法で種菌を調製、保存した場合は、長期間の保管中に、アラキドン酸生産性が低下する傾向が確認された。
アラキドン酸生産菌としてM. alpina 1S-4株を用いた。pHの異なる2種類の表5の組成のCzapek寒天培地を試験管に調製した。pH無調整のCzapek培地のpHを実測したところ、pH8.5であった。
試験管に滅菌水を加えてよく攪拌し、胞子懸濁液を調製した。胞子懸濁液を適宜希釈してポテトデキストロース寒天培地プレート培地に塗布して、コロニー数を数える方法を用いて、胞子懸濁液中の胞子数を数えたところ、pH6.0の寒天培地で得られた胞子数は1×106spores/mL、pH無調整(実測pH8.5)の培地で得られた胞子数は5×104spores/mLであった。
これら両方法で調製した胞子懸濁液を用いて、実施例3の方法で培養し、アラキドン酸生成量を比較した。その結果、pH6.0調製培地の胞子懸濁液からは、3.5g/Lのアラキドン酸生成量が、pH無調整(実測pH8.5)培地からは2.9g/Lのアラキドン酸生成量が得られた。
実施例1で、1.2mL容セラムチューブに調製した胞子懸濁保存液を、条件(5-1)では-20℃冷凍庫に、条件(5-2)では-80℃超低温フリーザーに、条件(5-3)では液体窒素中(約-196℃)に保管した。3条件にて30日保管の後、実施例2と同様に培養を行なった。その結果、胞子生存率およびアラキドン酸生産性ともに、-80℃超低温フリーザー保管条件でもっとも優れた結果が得られた。
M. alpina 1S-4株を用いて、実施例1の方法で調製した種菌から培養した。
保存菌株を、酵母エキス1.0%、グルコース2.0%、pH6.3の培地に0.1vol.%接種し、往復振盪100rpm、温度28℃の条件にて種培養(第一段階)を開始し、3日間培養した。
次に、酵母エキス1%、グルコース2%、大豆油0.1%、pH6.3の培地30Lを50L容通気攪拌培養槽に調製し、これに種培養(第一段階)液を接種して、攪拌回転数200rpm、温度28℃、槽内圧150kPa及び通気量12.5L/分の条件にて、種培養(第二段階)を開始し、2日間培養した。
19時間後 含水グルコース280kg/460L
43時間後 含水グルコース280kg/450L
67時間後 含水グルコース252kg/390L
91時間後 含水グルコース252kg/410L
120時間後 含水グルコース224kg/370L
140時間後 含水グルコース168kg/280L
163時間後 含水グルコース168kg/270L
コンテナバッグより取り出した乾燥菌体に、ヘキサン抽出を施し、ヘキサン溶液を濾過して含有固形分を除去した後、減圧下で加熱することによってヘキサンを除去し、アラキドン酸を構成脂肪酸として成る粗油を得た。
同様の培養を3回繰り返した。培養終了時のアラキドン酸生成量をまとめた結果を表7に示す。保存菌株の再現性は良好であり、より安定したアラキドン酸生産性が得られることが確認された。
ジホモγリノレン酸生産菌としてMortierella alpina SAM1860株を用いた。試験管に調製したCzapek寒天培地(pH6.0に調整し滅菌した)のスラントで、25℃にて静置培養を12日間行ない、菌糸増殖を確認した後、試験管を冷蔵庫(4℃)にて20日間保管した。
試験管に滅菌水を加えてよく攪拌し、胞子懸濁液を調製した。胞子懸濁液を適宜希釈してポテトデキストロース寒天培地プレート培地に塗布して、コロニー数を数える方法を用いて、胞子懸濁液中の胞子数を数えたところ、5×106spores/mLであった。
また比較例として、同様の方法で調製した胞子懸濁液を冷蔵庫(5℃)にて1ヶ月間保管した。
1ヶ月の保管期間を経た2種類の保存菌株を用いて、実施例3と同じ方法にて培養を行なった。その結果、表8のDGLA生成量が得られ、凍結保存法の有効性が示された。
アラキドン酸生産菌としてMortierella elongata IFO8570株、およびMortierella alpina CBS754.68株を用いた。
試験管に調製したCzapek寒天培地(pH6.0に調整し滅菌した)のスラントで、25℃にて静置培養を10日間行ない、菌糸増殖を確認した後、試験管を冷蔵庫(4℃)にて20日間保管した。
また比較例として、同様の方法で調製した胞子懸濁液を冷蔵庫(5℃)にて1ヶ月間保管した。
1ヶ月の保管期間を経た4種類の保存菌株(菌種2種×保存方法2種)を、それぞれ、酵母エキス1%、グルコース2%、pH6.3の培地に接種し、往復振盪100rpm、温度28℃の条件にて種培養を3日間行なった。
実施例1の要領で胞子懸濁液を調整し、従来法として知られているL乾燥法(“Maintaining cultures for biotechnology and industry (1996)”edited by J.C. Hunter-Cevera & A. Belt, Academic Press, p.115)にて胞子乾燥アンプルを作成、保存した。作成後、9年間の保管を経た後、6本のL乾燥アンプルを開封、復元し、寒天培地に塗布して生存胞子数を計測した。また、これと並行して、実施例1の手法にて作成した1.2mL容セラムチューブ(9年間凍結保存品)を6本解凍し、生存胞子数を計測した。
その結果、下表に示すように、実施例1記載の保存方法のほうが、従来法であるL乾燥法よりも生存率が著しく優れていることが確認された。本発明の方法は、長期間の菌株保存に、非常に有効な方法であると考えられた。
Claims (11)
- モルティエレラ(Mortierella)属に属する微生物の保存方法であって、
(a)無機塩類と糖類とから成る栄養源を含むpH4〜7の胞子形成培地で胞子を形成せしめ;
(b)前記(a)で得た胞子を、滅菌水、あるいは界面活性剤及び/又は無機塩類を含む滅菌水に懸濁して胞子懸濁液を調製し、凍結保護剤を5〜15%となるように添加して凍結保存胞子懸濁液を調製し;
そして
(c)前記(b)で得た凍結保存胞子懸濁液を、−90℃〜−30℃で保存する;
ことを含んで成る方法。 - 前記無機塩類が、硝酸ナトリウム、リン酸一水素二カリウム、硫酸マグネシウム、塩化カリウム及び硫酸第一鉄から成る群から選択される少なくとも1種の無機塩類である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記胞子形成培地が、pHを4〜7に調整したCzapek寒天培地又はCzapek-dox寒天培地であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載方法。
- 前記凍結保護剤が、グリセリンであることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記モルティエレラ(Mortierella)属に属する微生物がモルティエレラ・アルピナ(Mortierella alpina)であることを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の微生物の保存方法。
- 前記モルティエレラ(Mortierella)属に属する微生物が高度不飽和脂肪酸または高度不飽和脂肪酸を構成脂肪酸として含んで成る化合物を産生する事が出来る請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の微生物の保存方法。
- 前記高度不飽和脂肪酸または高度不飽和脂肪酸を構成脂肪酸として含んでなる化合物が、高度不飽和脂肪酸を構成脂肪酸とするトリグリセリド、又は高度不飽和脂肪酸を構成脂肪酸とするリン脂質であることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の微生物の保存方法。
- 前記高度不飽和脂肪酸がオメガ6系不飽和脂肪酸、オメガ3系高度不飽和脂肪酸もしくはオメガ9系高度不飽和脂肪酸、またはこれらの組合せであることを特徴とする請求項6または7に記載の微生物の保存方法。
- 前記オメガ6系不飽和脂肪酸が、9,12-オクタデカジエン酸(リノール酸)18:2ω6、6,9,12-オクタデカトリエン酸(γ-リノレン酸)18:3ω6、8,11,14-エイコサトリエン酸(ジホモ-γ-リノレン酸)20:3ω6、5,8,11,14-エイコサテトラエン酸(アラキドン酸)20:4ω6、7,10,13,16-ドコサテトラエン酸22:4ω6又は4,7,10,13,16-ドコサペンタエン酸22:5ω6であることを特徴とする請求項6〜8のいずれか1項に記載の微生物の保存方法。
- 前記オメガ3系不飽和脂肪酸が、9,12,15-オクタデカトリエン酸(α-リノレン酸)18:3ω3、6,9,12,15-オクタデカテトラエン酸(ステアリドン酸)18:4ω3、11, 14, 17- エイコサトリエン酸(ジホモ- α- リノレン酸)20:3ω3、8,11,14,17-エイコサテトラエン酸20:4ω3、5,8,11,14,17-エイコサペンタエン酸20:5ω3、7,10,13,16,19-ドコサペンタエン酸22:5ω3又は4,7,10,13,16,19-ドコサヘキサエン酸22:6ω3であることを特徴とする請求項6〜9のいずれか1項に記載の微生物の保存方法。
- 前記オメガ9系不飽和脂肪酸が、6,9-オクタデカジエン酸 18:2ω9、8,11-エイコサジエン酸 20:2ω9又は5,8,11-エイコサトリエン酸(ミード酸)20:3ω9であることを特徴とする請求項6〜10のいずれか1項に記載の微生物の保存方法。
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DK1776450T3 (da) * | 2004-08-12 | 2010-06-21 | Nippon Suisan Kaisha Ltd | Fremgangsmåde til polyumættet fedtsyreproduktion under anvendelse af hidtil ukendt cellepræservationsteknik |
US8207363B2 (en) | 2009-03-19 | 2012-06-26 | Martek Biosciences Corporation | Thraustochytrids, fatty acid compositions, and methods of making and uses thereof |
CN102106233B (zh) * | 2009-12-29 | 2013-02-27 | 上海市农业科学院 | 一种外生菌根菌菌种保藏方法 |
CA2787344C (en) | 2010-01-19 | 2018-03-20 | Dsm Ip Assets B.V. | Eicosapentaenoic acid-producing microorganisms, fatty acid compositions, and methods of making and uses thereof |
US9222112B2 (en) | 2011-07-21 | 2015-12-29 | Dsm Ip Assets B.V. | Eicosapentaenoic acid-producing microorganisms, fatty acid compositions, and methods of making and uses thereof |
CN103461007B (zh) * | 2013-10-10 | 2015-05-13 | 贵州省生物技术研究所 | 竹黄孢子的保藏方法 |
CN103563651B (zh) * | 2013-10-23 | 2015-09-09 | 沈阳师范大学 | 蛹虫草可结实性生产种源长久保藏方法 |
CN108315291B (zh) * | 2017-01-17 | 2020-11-03 | 华中科技大学 | 一种高山被孢霉的生长调节剂及发酵方法 |
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AU2005272364A1 (en) | 2006-02-16 |
DE602005021503D1 (de) | 2010-07-08 |
MY145047A (en) | 2011-12-15 |
ATE469207T1 (de) | 2010-06-15 |
WO2006016702A1 (en) | 2006-02-16 |
ES2342305T3 (es) | 2010-07-05 |
EP1776450B1 (en) | 2010-05-26 |
CA2575671A1 (en) | 2006-02-16 |
JP2013252151A (ja) | 2013-12-19 |
CN1737109B (zh) | 2010-10-06 |
CA2575671C (en) | 2013-10-22 |
EP1776450A1 (en) | 2007-04-25 |
JP6169150B2 (ja) | 2017-07-26 |
JP2012034708A (ja) | 2012-02-23 |
US20080038789A1 (en) | 2008-02-14 |
EP2239316A1 (en) | 2010-10-13 |
TW200619383A (en) | 2006-06-16 |
KR101204969B1 (ko) | 2012-11-26 |
US8609397B2 (en) | 2013-12-17 |
CN1737109A (zh) | 2006-02-22 |
TWI356846B (en) | 2012-01-21 |
DK1776450T3 (da) | 2010-06-21 |
KR20070041573A (ko) | 2007-04-18 |
JP5885722B2 (ja) | 2016-03-15 |
AU2005272364B2 (en) | 2010-10-14 |
JP2008509660A (ja) | 2008-04-03 |
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