JP4849806B2 - 新規な菌体処理方法を用いた高度不飽和脂肪酸の製造方法 - Google Patents
新規な菌体処理方法を用いた高度不飽和脂肪酸の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/64—Fats; Fatty oils; Ester-type waxes; Higher fatty acids, i.e. having at least seven carbon atoms in an unbroken chain bound to a carboxyl group; Oxidised oils or fats
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23D—EDIBLE OILS OR FATS, e.g. MARGARINES, SHORTENINGS, COOKING OILS
- A23D9/00—Other edible oils or fats, e.g. shortenings, cooking oils
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/115—Fatty acids or derivatives thereof; Fats or oils
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/10—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by extracting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/005—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor after treatment of microbial biomass not covered by C12N1/02 - C12N1/08
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/64—Fats; Fatty oils; Ester-type waxes; Higher fatty acids, i.e. having at least seven carbon atoms in an unbroken chain bound to a carboxyl group; Oxidised oils or fats
- C12P7/6436—Fatty acid esters
- C12P7/6445—Glycerides
- C12P7/6472—Glycerides containing polyunsaturated fatty acid [PUFA] residues, i.e. having two or more double bonds in their backbone
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/64—Fats; Fatty oils; Ester-type waxes; Higher fatty acids, i.e. having at least seven carbon atoms in an unbroken chain bound to a carboxyl group; Oxidised oils or fats
- C12P7/6436—Fatty acid esters
- C12P7/6445—Glycerides
- C12P7/6481—Phosphoglycerides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Description
(a) 30%から80%までの平均水分含量を持つ湿菌体を用意または入手する;
(b) 湿菌体を一次乾燥に供し、5%から50%までの平均水分含量を持つ一次乾燥菌体を得る;
(c) 上記(b)で得た一次乾燥菌体を二次乾燥に供し、10%以下の平均水分含量を持つ二次乾燥菌体を得る;
(d) 上記(c)で得た二次乾燥菌体からその化合物または各化合物を精製、抽出または単離する;
を含む方法を提供する。
前記バイオマスはまた、例えば、藻類を含むまたは藻類に由来する。当該藻類は、例えば、クリプセコジニウム(Crypthecodinium)属、スラウトキトリウム(Thrautochytrium)属、シゾキトリウム(Schizochytrium)属、ウルケニア(Ulkenia)属、ジャポノキトリウム(Japonochytrium)属又はハリフォトリス(Haliphthoros)属に属する。
前記藻類はまた、例えば、クリプセコジニウム・コーニー(Crypthecodinium cohnii)である。
(i) 酸素濃度21%以下の組成を有する気体の供給により少なくとも60℃まで冷却する;又は
(ii) 酸素濃度21%以下の組成を有する気体の雰囲気下において、静置冷却により少なくとも60℃まで冷却する。
本発明はまた、1種類又は複数種類の化合物を、そのような化合物を産生した微生物バイオマスを含む乾燥菌体を取得する方法であって、次の段階:
(a) 30%から80%までの平均水分含量を持つ湿菌体を用意または入手する;
(b) 湿菌体を一次乾燥に供し、5%から50%までの平均水分含量を持つ一次乾燥菌体を得る;
(c) 前記(b)で得た一次乾燥菌体を二次乾燥に供し、10%以下の平均水分含量を持つ二次乾燥菌体を得る;
ことを含む方法を提供する。
(1) 次の段階で乾燥菌体を取得し:
(a) 30%から80%までの平均水分含量を持つ湿菌体を用意または入手する;
(b) 湿菌体を一次乾燥に供し、5%から50%までの平均水分含量を持つ一次乾燥菌体を得る;そして
(c) 前記(b)で得た一次乾燥菌体を二次乾燥に供し、10%以下の平均水分含量を持つ二次乾燥菌体を得る;その後
(2) 前記の得られた二次乾燥菌体を、次のいずれかの方法で冷却処理し:
(i) 酸素濃度21%以下の組成を有する気体の供給により少なくとも60℃まで冷却する;又は
(ii) 酸素濃度21%以下の組成を有する気体の雰囲気下において、静置冷却により少なくとも60℃まで冷却する;そして
(3) 冷却された二次乾燥菌体を、次のいずれかの方法により保存する:
(ア) 前記の菌体を、密閉可能な容器に窒素ガスと共に充填し、少なくもと15℃以下で保存する;又は
(イ) 前記の菌体を、密閉可能な容器に、酸素濃度20%以下の気体と共に充填し、少なくとも15℃以下で保存する。
本発明はまた、食品組成物、機能性食品、栄養補助食品、未熟児用調製乳、成熟児用調製乳、乳児用調製乳、乳児用食品、妊産婦食品、老人用食品、化粧品及び/又は医薬品組成物を製造するための、前記の方法によって単離、抽出又は精製された化合物の使用を提供する。本発明はまた、動物飼料、魚飼料及び/又は植物肥料を製造するための、前記の方法により抽出又は精製された化合物の使用を提供する。
乾燥方法は、伝導伝熱方式による一次乾燥と、対流伝熱方式による二次乾燥を組合わせることを特徴とする。
(株)大川原製作所製 円錐型リボン混合乾燥機、
(株)大川原製作所製 伝導伝熱乾燥装置、
山本技研工機(株)製 ドラムドライヤー、
(株)オカドラ製 サイクロンドライヤーを挙げることができる。
(株)ダルトン製 振動流動層乾燥機、
(株)ダルトン製 横型連続式流動層乾燥装置、
(株)ダルトン製 回転型乾燥機、
(株)ダルトン製 箱型並行流ドライヤー、
(株)ダルトン製 箱型通気ドライヤー、
神鋼電機(株)製 振動乾燥冷却装置、
(株)大川原製作所製 流動層乾燥装置、
(株)大川原製作所製 バンド型通気乾燥装置、
(株)大和三光製作所製 バンド乾燥機を挙げることができる。
本発明の微生物バイオマス、油脂(トリグリセリド)及び/又はリン脂質を菌体内に含有する乾燥菌体、粗油、精製油脂(トリグリセリド)、粗リン脂質、精製リン脂質の用途に関しては無限の可能性があり、食品、飲料、化粧品、医薬品の原料並びに添加物として使用することがでる。そして、その使用目的、使用量に関して何ら制限を受けるものではない。
実施例1. 乾燥菌体の流動層冷却
モルティエレラ・アルピナ(Mortierella alpina) 1S-4株の胞子懸濁液を、酵母エキス1.0%、グルコース2.0%、pH6.3の培地に0.1vol.%接種し、往復振盪100rpm、温度28℃の条件にて種培養(第一段階)を開始し、3日間培養した。
次に、酵母エキス1%、グルコース2%、大豆油0.1%、pH6.3の培地30Lを50L容通気攪拌培養槽に調製し、これに種培養(第一段階)液を接種して、攪拌回転数200rpm、温度28℃、槽内圧150kPaの条件にて、種培養(第二段階)を開始し、2日間培養した。
19時間後 含水グルコース280kg/460L
43時間後 含水グルコース280kg/450L
67時間後 含水グルコース252kg/390L
91時間後 含水グルコース252kg/410L
120時間後含水グルコース224kg/370L
140時間後含水グルコース168kg/280L
163時間後含水グルコース168kg/270L
実施例1と同様の方法で培養し、殺菌した後、菌体回収と乾燥まで実施例1と同じ方法で行なった。乾燥菌体を、平形バットに移して均等に広げ、層圧1cm以下になるようにして、室温にて静置冷却した。50℃まで冷却した後、容積約200Lのアルミパウチ製コンテナバッグに窒素ガスとともに充填し、バッグ口部をヒートシールシールした後、10℃以下の冷蔵室で保管した。
実施例1と同様の方法で培養し、殺菌した後、菌体回収と乾燥まで実施例1と同じ方法で行なった。乾燥菌体を、乾燥後直ちに容積約200Lのアルミパウチ製コンテナバッグに窒素ガスとともに充填し、バッグ口部をヒートシールシールした後、10℃以下の冷蔵室で保管した。
実施例1、実施例2、および比較例1にて充填したコンテナバックを充填1週間後に開封し、乾燥菌体の外観を確認した。次いで、n-ヘキサンを溶媒としてソックスレー抽出法で粗油を抽出し油分を求めた。さらに、実施例1の方法にて抽出した粗油の過酸化物価(POV)を分析した。
比較例1のように冷却を施さずに充填すると、菌体および油分の急激な品質劣化が起こることが確認された。
アラキドン酸生産菌Mortierella alpina 1S-4株を実施例1と同様に培養した後、連続式脱水機(柳河エンジニアリング製、セキスイCS-1型)に供して濾過を行ない、湿菌体塊を得た。湿菌体の水分含量を乾燥減量法(温度105℃)にて測定した結果、水分含量52%であった。この湿菌体塊を次の各条件(実験4-1〜実験4-2)で乾燥した。実験4-1は室温で造粒成型したために、成型前後の水分含量変化は認められなかった。実験4-2では、ダブルドラムドライヤーで一次乾燥を行なった。
Claims (23)
- 1種類又は複数種類の化合物を、そのような化合物を菌体内に産生した微生物を含む微生物バイオマスから単離する方法であって、次の段階:
(a)30%から80%までの平均水分含量を持つ湿菌体を用意または入手する;
(b)湿菌体を加熱密着搬送型の乾燥機を用いた伝導伝熱方式による一次乾燥に供し、5%から50%までの平均水分含量を持つ一次乾燥菌体を得る;
(c)上記(b)で得た一次乾燥菌体を二次乾燥に供し、10%以下の平均水分含量を持つ二次乾燥菌体を得る;
(d)上記(c)で得た二次乾燥菌体からその化合物または各化合物を精製、抽出または単離する;
を含む方法。 - 前記伝導伝熱方式が、円錐型リボン混合乾燥機、伝導伝熱乾燥機、ドラムドライヤー又はサイクロンドライヤーである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記(c)における二次乾燥が、対流伝熱方式である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記対流伝熱方式が、振動流動層乾燥機、横型連続式流動乾燥装置、回転型乾燥機、箱型並行流ドライヤー、箱型通気ドライヤー、振動乾燥冷却装置、流動層乾燥装置、バンド型通気乾燥装置又はバンド乾燥機である、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記(a)の湿菌体が、培養液に対して行われる固/液分離によって得られる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記固/液分離が、機械的脱水と併用される、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記バイオマスが、菌類を含むまたは菌類に由来する、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記菌類がケカビ目(Mucorales)に属する、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記菌類が、モルティエレラ(Mortierella)属に属する、請求項7又は8に記載の方法。
- 前記菌類が、モルティエレラ・アルピナ(Mortierella alpina)である、請求項7〜9のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記バイオマスが、藻類を含むまたは藻類に由来する、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記藻類が、クリプセコジニウム(Crypthecodinium)属、スラウトキトリウム(Thrautochytrium)属、シゾキトリウム(Schizochytrium)属、ウルケニア(Ulkenia)属、ジャポノキトリウム(Japonochytrium)属又はハリフォトリス(Haliphthoros)属に属する、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記藻類が、クリプセコジニウム・コーニー(Crypthecodinium cohnii)である、請求項11又は12に記載の方法。
- 前記化合物が、高度不飽和脂肪酸を構成脂肪酸として含んで成るトリグリセリド及び/又はリン脂質である、請求項1〜13のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記高度不飽和脂肪酸が、炭素数18以上で二重結合を2個以上を有するω3系、ω6系及び/又はω9系である、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記高度不飽和脂肪酸が、α-リノレン酸(9,12,15-オクタデカトリエン酸)、6,9,12,15-オクタデカテトラエン酸(18:4ω3)、8,11,14,17-エイコサテトラエン酸(20:4ω3)、EPA(5,8,11,14,17-エイコサペンタエン酸)、DPAω3(7,10,13,16,19-ドコサペンタエン酸)、DHA(4,7,10,13,16,19-ドコサヘキサエン酸)、γ-リノレン酸(6,9,12-オクタデカトリエン酸)、ジホモ-γ-リノレン酸(8,11,14-エイコサトリエン酸)、アラキドン酸(5,8,11,14-エイコサテトラエン酸)、7,10,13,16-ドコサテトラエン酸(22:4 ω6)、DPAω6(4,7,10,13,16-ドコサペンタエン酸)、6,9-オクタデカジエン酸(18:2ω9)、8,11-エイコサジエン酸(20:2ω9)及び/又はミード酸(5,8,11-エイコサトリエン酸)である、請求項14又は15に記載の方法。
- 前記工程(c)で得られた二次乾燥菌体を、次のいずれかの方法で冷却処理した後、前記工程(d)に供することを特徴とする請求項1〜16のいずれか1項に記載の方法:
(i)酸素濃度21%以下の組成を有する気体の供給により少なくとも60℃まで冷却する;又は
(ii)酸素濃度21%以下の組成を有する気体の雰囲気下において、静置冷却により少なくとも60℃まで冷却する。 - 1種類又は複数種類の化合物を産生する微生物であって、そのような化合物を菌体内に産生した微生物のバイオマスの乾燥菌体を取得する方法であって、次の段階:
(a)30%から80%までの平均水分含量を持つ湿菌体を用意または入手する;
(b)湿菌体を加熱密着搬送型の乾燥機を用いた伝導伝熱方式による一次乾燥に供し、5%から50%までの平均水分含量を持つ一次乾燥菌体を得る;
(c)前記(b)で得た一次乾燥菌体を二次乾燥に供し、10%以下の平均水分含量を持つ二次乾燥菌体を得る;
ことを含む方法。 - 請求項18に記載の方法で得られた、10%以下の平均水分含量を持つフレーク状の乾燥菌体を含む組成物。
- 前記乾燥菌体が、伝導伝熱方式及び対流伝熱方式の二段階の乾燥によって得られる、請求項19に記載の組成物。
- 1種類又は複数種類の化合物を菌体内に産生した微生物を含む微生物バイオマスを含む乾燥菌体の保存方法であって、
(1)次の段階で乾燥菌体を取得し:
(a)30%から80%までの平均水分含量を持つ湿菌体を用意または入手する;
(b)湿菌体を加熱密着搬送型の乾燥機を用いた伝導伝熱方式による一次乾燥に供し、5%から50%までの平均水分含量を持つ一次乾燥菌体を得る;そして
(c)前記(b)で得た一次乾燥菌体を二次乾燥に供し、10%以下の平均水分含量を持つ二次乾燥菌体を得る;その後
(2)前記の得られた二次乾燥菌体を、次のいずれかの方法で冷却処理し:
(i)酸素濃度21%以下の組成を有する気体の供給により少なくとも60℃まで冷却する;又は
(ii)酸素濃度21%以下の組成を有する気体の雰囲気下において、静置冷却により少なくとも60℃まで冷却する;そして
(3)冷却された二次乾燥菌体を、次のいずれかの方法により保存する:
(ア)前記の菌体を、密閉可能な容器に窒素ガスと共に充填し、少なくとも15℃以下で保存する;又は
(イ)前記の菌体を、密閉可能な容器に、酸素濃度20%以下の気体と共に充填し、少なくとも15℃以下で保存する。 - 請求項19又は20に記載の方法によって得られた組成物を用いて、動物飼料及び/又は魚飼料を製造する方法。
- 1種類又は複数種類の化合物を、そのような化合物を産生した微生物を含む微生物バイオマスから単離する方法であって、
(1)次の段階で乾燥菌体を取得し:
(a)30%から80%までの平均水分含量を持つ湿菌体を用意または入手する;
(b)その湿菌体を粉砕して、30%から80%までの平均水分含量を持つ粉砕菌体を得る;
(c)その粉砕菌体を乾燥して、10%以下の平均水分含量を持つフレーク状の乾燥菌体を得る;その後
(2)前記の得られた乾燥菌体を、次のいずれかの方法で冷却処理し:
(i)酸素濃度21%以下の組成を有する気体の供給により少なくとも60℃まで冷却する;又は
(ii)酸素濃度21%以下の組成を有する気体の雰囲気下において、静置冷却により少なくとも60℃まで冷却する;そして
(3)冷却された乾燥菌体からその化合物または各化合物を精製、抽出または単離する。
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EP2308988A1 (en) * | 1996-12-27 | 2011-04-13 | Suntory Holdings Limited | Media for culturing microorganisms and process for producing unsaturated fatty acids or lipids containing the same |
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TW533235B (en) * | 1997-06-11 | 2003-05-21 | Idemitsu Petrochemical Co | Method for extracting fat-soluble components from microbial cells |
ATE227938T1 (de) * | 1999-05-05 | 2002-12-15 | Degussa | D-pantothensäure und/oder eines ihrer salze enthaltende futtermittel-additive und verfahren zu deren herstellung |
CN105112463A (zh) * | 2000-01-28 | 2015-12-02 | Dsmip资产公司 | 通过在发酵罐中高密度培养真核微生物来增加含有多烯脂肪酸的脂质的产生 |
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JP2003048831A (ja) | 2001-08-02 | 2003-02-21 | Suntory Ltd | 脳機能の低下に起因する症状あるいは疾患の予防又は改善作用を有する組成物 |
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CN102987096A (zh) * | 2012-12-31 | 2013-03-27 | 厦门金达威集团股份有限公司 | 微生物饲料添加剂及其制备方法与应用 |
CN102987096B (zh) * | 2012-12-31 | 2014-12-10 | 厦门金达威集团股份有限公司 | 微生物饲料添加剂及其制备方法与应用 |
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DK1846563T3 (en) | 2017-07-17 |
AU2006213188A1 (en) | 2006-08-17 |
EP2130923A3 (en) | 2010-03-03 |
KR101288078B1 (ko) | 2013-07-22 |
EP1846563B1 (en) | 2017-03-29 |
CN1817846B (zh) | 2013-04-10 |
ES2629399T3 (es) | 2017-08-09 |
TW200641130A (en) | 2006-12-01 |
KR20070104902A (ko) | 2007-10-29 |
AU2006213188B2 (en) | 2011-09-01 |
JP2006219528A (ja) | 2006-08-24 |
EP2130923A2 (en) | 2009-12-09 |
WO2006085672A3 (en) | 2007-04-26 |
EP1846563A2 (en) | 2007-10-24 |
CA2597257C (en) | 2016-05-10 |
PL1846563T3 (pl) | 2017-11-30 |
DK2333094T3 (da) | 2014-04-28 |
ES2456869T3 (es) | 2014-04-23 |
EP2333094A1 (en) | 2011-06-15 |
TWI439546B (zh) | 2014-06-01 |
EP2333094B1 (en) | 2014-04-02 |
CN1817846A (zh) | 2006-08-16 |
CA2597257A1 (en) | 2006-08-17 |
WO2006085672A2 (en) | 2006-08-17 |
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