JP2016000037A - 変異酵素 - Google Patents
変異酵素 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2016000037A JP2016000037A JP2015132299A JP2015132299A JP2016000037A JP 2016000037 A JP2016000037 A JP 2016000037A JP 2015132299 A JP2015132299 A JP 2015132299A JP 2015132299 A JP2015132299 A JP 2015132299A JP 2016000037 A JP2016000037 A JP 2016000037A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- enzyme
- cyp102al
- substrate
- mutant
- oxidation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Abstract
【解決手段】モノオキシゲナーゼ活性及び変化した生成物選択性を有するバチルス・メガテリウム由来のP450BM−3(1)は、チトクロームP450酵素のスーパーファミリーに属する変異CYP102Al酵素、及び、該酵素を用いて、短鎖アルカン、若しくは、その置換誘導体であるか、又は、芳香族化合物、若しくはアルキルベンゼン、若しくはそれらの置換誘導体、ハロ芳香族化合物又は非環状又は環状のテルペン又はテルペノイド又はセスキテルペン、又はシクロアルケン又は飽和脂肪酸;又はそれらいずれかの置換誘導体等の有機化合物基質を酸化する工程を含む、有機化合物である基質を酸化する方法。
【選択図】図1
Description
配列番号1は、CYP102Alの配列である。
本発明は、CYP102Alの天然及び人工の相同体、例えば、CYP102Alに対して少なくとも40%のアミノ酸配列同一性を有する配列を含むもの、に対して適用することができる。かかる相同体は、通常、CYP102Alのヘムモノオキシゲナーゼドメイン(アミノ酸位置1〜480によって表される)に相当する(すなわち、これと相同する又は同一である)アミノ酸配列を含む。
FSQQAMKGYH(A117)MMVDIAVQLV;
DIAVQLVQKW(E131)RLNADEHIEV;
LDEAMNKLQR(A191)NPDDPAYDEN;
FQEDIKVMND(L215)VDKIIADRKA;
HETTSGLLSF(A276)LYFLVKNPHV;
VLVDPAPSYK(Q307)VKQLKTVGMV;
EALRLWPTAP(A330)FSLYAKEDTV;
GDDVEEFRP(E377)RFENPSAIPQ;
KPFGNGQRAC(I401)GQQFALHEAT;
FGNGQRACIG(Q403)QFALHEATLV;
GMMLKHFDFE(D425)HTNYELDIKE。
Al17V、Al17I、A117L、A117P、A117M、A117F、A117W、A117Y;
E131D;
L215I、L215V、L215P、L215F、L215W、L215Y;
Q307H、Q307N、Q307S、Q307T、Q307Y;
A330P、A330I、A330L、A330M、A330V、A330F、A330W、A330Y;
I401P、I401I、I401L、I401M、I401V、I401F、I401W、I401Y;
Q403N、Q403H、Q403A、Q403T、Q403Y。
A191T、A191S、A191C、A191Y、A191H、A191K;A191R、A191N、A191Q;
A276T、A276S、A276C、A276Y、A276H、A276K、A276R、A276N、A276Q。
E377A、E377V、E377L、E377I、E377P、E377F、E377Y、E377W;
Q403P、Q403W、Q403F、Q403Y。
D425N、D425Q、D425H、D425S、D425T、D425A、D425L、D425V、D425I、D425P、D425W、D425Y、D425F。
i) A330P
ii) A191T/N239H/I259V/A276T/L353I;
iii) F87A/H171L/Q307H/N319Y;
iv) F87A/A330P/E377A/D425N;
v) F87A/A117V/E131D/L215I;
vi) I401P;
vii) R47L/Y51F/I401P;
viii)F87A/I401P;
ix) R47L/Y51F/F87A/I401P;
x) R47L/Y51F/A330P/I401P;
xi) Q403P;
xii) R47L/Y51F/Q403P;
xiii)R47L/Y51F/F87A/Q403P
、又は、これらと同等の変異群を含む。
i)CYP102A1中の以下の変異、又は、それと同等の変異のうちの一つ又はそれ以上をさらに含み:R47L、Y51F、A74G、A264G;
ii)CYP102A1中の以下の変異のうちの一つ又はそれ以上をさらに含み:R47L、Y51F、F87A、F87L;及び
iii)CYP102A1中の以下の変異のうちの一つ又はそれ以上をさらに含む:F87A、F87G、I259V、I263A。
ランダム突然変異誘発及び遺伝子シャッフリングによって作製されたCYP102Al変異体ライブラリーをスクリーニングするための、今日までに開示されている方法は、インドール(インディゴ形成)及びp−ニトロフェノール誘導体(放出されるp−ニトロフェノールの検出)等の代替基質を使用する傾向がある。代替基質に対して増大した酸化活性を示す選択された変異体のうちのいくつかは、異なる構造を示す化合物に対しては増大した活性を有するが、生成物選択性の変化はあまり一般的ではないことが分かっている。
分析用グレード又はより高い品質の一般的試薬及び化学基質は、Alfa−Aesar、Fisher Scientific及びSigma−Aldrich、又はそれらの子会社から取得した。HPLC品質の溶媒は、Rathburn Chemicals(UK)並びにSigma−Aldrich及びMerckの子会社から取得した。バッファー成分は、Anachem,UKから取得した。NADPH(四ナトリウム塩)は、Apollo Scientific及びMelford Laboratoriesから取得した。イソプロピル−β−D−チオガラクトピラノシド(IPTG)は、Melford Laboratoriesから取得した。制限酵素、T4 DNAリガーゼ、及び関連するバッファーは、New England Biolabsから取得した。Taq及びKODポリメラーゼは、Merck Biosciencesから取得した。コンピテント及びスーパーコンピテント大腸菌は、Stratageneから取得した。部位特異的突然変異誘発法は、Stratagene社のQuik−Change突然変異誘発キットに記載されるPCR方法を用いて行った。変異原性のオリゴヌクレオチド中の変化したコドンに隣接する適当な長さのオリゴヌクレオチドは、製造業者の説明書にしたがって設計した。オリゴヌクレオチドは、MWG Biotechから取得した。一般的な分子生物学的手法は、文献に記載される方法にしたがって行った(Sambrook,J.,Fritsch,E.F.,and Maniatis,T.(1989)Molecular Cloning:A Laboratory Manual,2nd Ed.,Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press,New York)。全ての変異体の遺伝子は、オックスフォード大学、生化学科の施設のABI 377XL Prism DNA自動配列決定装置で完全に配列決定された。UV/可視スペクトルアッセイ及び酵素活性アッセイは、Varian Cary 50 分光光度計で30℃にて行った。1H NMRスペクトルは、Varian UnityPlus 500MHzスペクトロメーターで取得した。ガスクロマトグラフィー(GC)は、DB−1を融合させたシリカキャピラリーカラム及びキャリアーガスとしてのヘリウムを用いる炎イオン化検出装置(FID)を装備した、Thermo Finnigan Trace and 8000 Top装置で行った。注入装置は200℃又は250℃に維持し、FEDは250℃に維持した。
SpeI制限部位を、以下のオリゴヌクレオチド:
5’GCTCATAATACGCCGCTACTAGTGCTATACGGTTCAAATATG-3’(Spel制限配列に下線を付した)及びその逆相補配列を用いて、CYP102Al遺伝子のpGLWl1ヘムドメインコード領域(13)の下流に導入し、それにより、残基482及び483においてサイレント変異を生じた。
5’TCTCGAGAATTCATAATCATCGGAGACGCC-3’(EcoRI制限配列に下線を付した);及び、5’-TGGATCCACTAGTAGCGGCGTATTATGAGC-3’(SpeI制限配列に下線を付した)。
対象の変異体を、NcoI及びBamHI制限部位を用いて、pET28ベクター中に移し、その結果、pGLWl1ベクター中のtacプロモーターと比較して、発現レベルが、T7プロモーターによって、より厳密に調節され得る。このプラスミドを担持する大腸菌JM109(DE3)の30ml.L−1の一晩培養物を、0.4%(v/v)グリセロール及び30mg.L−1のカナマイシンを含むLB培地中に接種し、180rpmで振盪させながら、OD600が1より大きくなるまで37℃にて培養した。タンパク質の発現は、イソプロピル−β−D−チオガラクトピラノシド(PTG)を0.4mMになるまで添加することによって誘導した。温度は30℃まで下げて、さらに30℃にて12時間培養した後、細胞を遠心分離によって回収した。各1Lの培養物からの赤褐色のペレットを、ジチオスレイトール中でpH7.4、1mMに緩衝化させた25mL 40mMのリン酸カリウム(リン酸バッファー)中で再び懸濁させた。細胞を超音波処理によって溶解し、細胞残屑を、37,500g、30分間、4℃での遠心分離によって除去した。上清を、リン酸バッファーを用いて予め平衡化したAmersham−Pharmacia DEAE高速流セファロースカラム(200x50mm)に充填し、そこからタンパク質を、リン酸バッファー中硫酸アンモニウムの80−400mMの直線勾配を用いて溶出させた。赤色のP450画分を回収して、限外濾過により濃縮し、リン酸バッファーを用いて予め平衡化したSephadex G−25カラムを用いて脱塩してから、限外濾過によって再び濃縮した。この溶液を、9,250g、5分間、4℃にて遠心分離し、濾過滅菌した。FPLC陰イオン交換精製を、15xリン酸バッファーの0−30%の直線勾配を用いて、Amersham−Pharmacia Source−Qカラム(120x26mm)上で行った。A418/A280>0.35である画分を回収して、限外濾過によって濃縮し、50%(v/v)グリセロール中で−20℃にて保存する前に、濾過滅菌した。グリセロール及び塩を、50mM、pH7.4のTrisバッファーで予め平衡化したAmersham Pharmacia 5ml PD−10カラムを用いて、実験直前にタンパク質から除去した。
NADPH代謝回転(ブタン及びプロパンを除く)を、30℃にて酸化され、DMSO中、100mMのストックとして添加される0.1又は0.25μMの酵素、125μgのウシ肝臓カタラーゼ及び1mMの基質を含む、1250μLの50mM Tris(pH7.4)中で行った。タンパク質濃度は、(13)に記載されるようにして、又は、CO−示差スペクトルを介して測定した(Omura,T and Sato,R(1964)J.Biol.Chem.239,2379−85)。最終濃度約160μM又は約320μM(1又は2AUと等量)となるように、20mg.ml−1ストックとしてNADPHを添加する前に、アッセイを30℃にて1分間行った。ブタン及びプロパンについての代謝回転の場合、基質を、最低30分間、氷上で、3000μLのTris中にバブリングさせながら、氷上で、1000μLのTris中に酸素をバブリングさせた。CYP102Al(0.25μM)及びカタラーゼ(上記と同じ濃度)を、酸化画分、続いて、基質を飽和させたTrisに、ゆっくりと添加した。一杯になったキュベットを迅速に密閉し、数回逆さまにして、1AUのNADPHの添加前に、30℃にて2分間維持した。
ラウリン酸以外の基質に関しては、3μLの内部標準(DMSO中、100mM)を、 400μLの酢酸エチル又はクロロホルム中への抽出前に、1000μLの各代謝回転完了物に添加した。遠心分離を、1500μLの微小遠心管中で、21,000g、3分半行った。真正相当物について観察されるGC溶出時間と照合することにより、生成物を同定した。異性体による一酸化生成物は比較可能な反応を生じ得るという仮定に基づき、FID反応を、以下の表で詳述される各生成物群に対する代表的相当物を用いて較正した。一定範囲の既知濃度の選択された生成物を含有し、DMSO中、1mMであるサンプルを、Tris中で調製し、上記のようにして抽出した。導かれた積分ピーク面積は、内部標準のピーク面積の割合として表され、生成物濃度に対してプロットされた。2−メチル−2−フェニル−プロパン−l−オール(これは、商業的に供給され得なかった)を、インビボで生成し、単離して、MSによって同定した:M149.00;及び、1H NMR:d1.38(6H,s,gem ジメチル),3.59(2H,s,CH2),7.24(1H,m,p−フェニル),7.34(2H,m,m−フェニル),7.37(2H,m,o−フェニル)。CYP102Al及びその変異体によるラウリン酸の酸化に関しては、990μLのインキュベーション混合物を、10μLの内部標準溶液(エタノール中、25mMのデカン酸)及び2μLの濃HClと一緒に混合した。得られた混合物は、400μLの酢酸エチルを用いて3回抽出し、有機抽出物を合わせて、MgSO4上で乾燥させた。
強化された活性及び変化したインビボでの生成物選択性の両方に関してスクリーニングされたランダム突然変異誘発によって作製された変異体において、5つの特定の変異体がインビトロの試験のために選択された。これらは、以下であった:
(i) A330P
(ii) A191T/N239H/I259V/A276T/L353I (変異体KT2)
(iii) F87A/H171L/Q307H/N319Y (変異体 KSK19)
(iv) F87A/A330P/E377A/D425N (変異体 KT5)
(v) F87A/A117V/E131D/L215I (変異体 LO25)
Claims (20)
- 増大したモノオキシゲナーゼ活性及び/又は変化した生成物選択性を有し、アミノ酸残基位置330、191、401、403、307、377、425、276、117、131、又は215のうちの一ヶ所又はそれ以上に置換を含む、変異CYP102Al酵素。
- CYP102Alのアミノ酸残基1〜480と少なくとも40%の相同性を有し、任意にはその変異断片である、請求項1に記載の酵素。
- CYP102Alの非変異断片を表す、1、2、3、4、5個又はそれ以上の幅の少なくとも15個又は少なくとも20個の連続するアミノ酸を含む、請求項1又は2に記載の酵素。
- 以下:
i)位置117、131、215、330、401のうちの一ヶ所又はそれ以上における保存的変異;及び/又は
ii)位置191及び276のうちの一ヶ所又はそれ以上における極性アミノ酸;及び/又は
iii)位置377及び403のうちの一ヶ所又はそれ以上における非極性アミノ酸;及び/又は
iv)位置425における非荷電性残基、
を有する、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の酵素であって、任意には、位置117、131、191、215、276、307、330、377、401、403又は425のうちの一ヶ所又はそれ以上に隣接する位置に変異が存在しない、前記酵素。 - 以下の位置:47、51、74、82、87、171、188、239、259、263、264、267、319、328、又は353のうちの一ヶ所又はそれ以上に置換をさらに含む、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の酵素。
- 以下:R47L、Y5IF、A74G、A82L、F87A、F87G、F87L、H171L、L188Q、N239H、I259V、I263A、A264G、E267V、N319Y、A328V、又はL353I、から選択される変異を含む、請求項5に記載の酵素。
- 前記変異体が、以下の変異又は変異群のうちの一つ又はそれ以上を含む、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の変異CYP102Al酵素:
i)A330P;
ii)A191T/N239H/I259V/A276T/L353I;
iii)F87A/H171L/Q307H/N319Y;
iv)F87A/A330P/E377A/D425N;
v)F87A/A117V/E131D/L215I;
vi)I401P;
vii)R47L/Y5IF/140IP;
viii)F87A/I401P;
ix)R47L/Y51F/F87A/I401P;
x)R47L/Y51F/A330P/I401P;
xi)Q403P;
xii)R47L/Y51F/Q403P;
xiii)R47L/Y51F/F87A/Q403P。 - 請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の酵素を用いて、前記有機化合物基質を酸化する工程を含む、有機化合物である基質を酸化する方法。
- 前記基質が、短鎖アルカン、若しくは、その置換誘導体であるか、又は、芳香族化合物、若しくはアルキルベンゼン、若しくはそれらの置換誘導体である、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記基質が、ハロ芳香族化合物又は非環状又は環状のテルペン又はテルペノイド又はセスキテルペン、又はシクロアルケン又は飽和脂肪酸;又はそれらいずれかの置換誘導体である、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記短鎖アルカンが、ペンタン、3−メチルペンタン、2−メチルブタン、ブタン、プロパン、エタン及びメタンであるか;又は、前記アルキルベンゼンが、プロピルベンゼン、エチルベンゼン、トルエン、ブチルベンゼン、t−ブチルベンゼン、o−キシレン、m−キシレン、クメン、p−シメン、及びエチルアニソールであるか;又は、前記芳香族化合物が、ナフタレン又はフルオレンであるか;又は、前記モノテルペンが、リモネン又はピネンであるか;又は、前記セスキテルペンが、バレンセンであるか;又は、前記テルペノイドが、β−イオノン又はダマスコン等のイオノンであるか;又は、前記飽和脂肪酸が、ラウリン酸又はデカン酸である、請求項9又は10に記載の方法。
- 請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の酵素と選択的に結合し、CYP102Alと結合しない、抗体。
- 請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の酵素をコードする配列を、任意に、ベクターの形態で含む、ポリヌクレオチド。
- 請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の酵素を発現する細胞。
- 原核細胞又は真核細胞である、請求項14に記載の細胞。
- 大腸菌、シュードモナス種、酵母、ピチア種、ロドコッカス種、バチルス種の株である、請求項15に記載の細胞。
- その細胞が請求項14〜16のいずれか一項に記載されている、トランスジェニック動物又は植物。
- 前記有機化合物基質が、請求項14〜16のいずれか一項に記載の細胞中において酸化される、請求項8〜11のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 請求項8〜11のいずれか一項に記載の基質で汚染された場所を処理する方法であって、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の酵素又はその一つ若しくはそれ以上の酵素の混合物、又は、請求項14〜16のいずれか一項に記載の細胞、又は、請求項17に記載のトランスジェニック動物若しくは植物と、該場所とを接触させる工程を含む、方法。
- CYPl02Alを用いて行われた場合の方法と比較して異なる数の生成物が形成される、請求項8〜11又は18のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
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EP2548952B1 (en) | 2017-12-06 |
CN105441397A (zh) | 2016-03-30 |
US9133443B2 (en) | 2015-09-15 |
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GB0719620D0 (en) | 2007-11-14 |
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EP2548952A2 (en) | 2013-01-23 |
US20200056163A1 (en) | 2020-02-20 |
US20180148695A1 (en) | 2018-05-31 |
CN105441397B (zh) | 2021-03-30 |
JP5770474B2 (ja) | 2015-08-26 |
US10501727B2 (en) | 2019-12-10 |
EP2207877B1 (en) | 2016-01-13 |
EP2548952A3 (en) | 2013-09-18 |
CN101889080A (zh) | 2010-11-17 |
WO2009047498A3 (en) | 2009-06-04 |
CN101889080B (zh) | 2016-01-20 |
JP2010539967A (ja) | 2010-12-24 |
EP3061811B1 (en) | 2018-03-28 |
CN113293150A (zh) | 2021-08-24 |
US11155790B2 (en) | 2021-10-26 |
EP3061811A1 (en) | 2016-08-31 |
US9834759B2 (en) | 2017-12-05 |
JP6165198B2 (ja) | 2017-07-19 |
WO2009047498A2 (en) | 2009-04-16 |
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