CN106701850B - 一种新型细胞色素p450氧化酶的功能 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种新型细胞色素P450酶CYP108N7的催化功能,属于应用微生物及酶工程领域。该酶属于CYP108家族,可利用其对不同底物进行环氧化、羟基化、杂原子氧化、C‑H键断裂等生物催化反应,特别是对芳香族硫醚化合物的不对称氧化反应中,选择性优异,具有制备光学纯亚砜的应用价值。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种细胞色素氧化酶CYP108N7的催化功能,该细胞色素氧化酶属于CYP108家族,可利用其对不同底物进行环氧化、羟基化、杂原子氧化、C-H键断裂等生物催化反应,属于应用微生物及酶工程领域。
背景技术
细胞色素氧化酶(cytochrome P450,P450)属于血红素氧化酶超家族,因还原态的血红素氧化酶与CO结合形成复合物在450nm附近有最大吸收峰而被命名为细胞色素P450酶。从1962年首次报道,至今已经有超过35000个P450基因被注释。
P450酶在自然界中的分布广泛,催化功能多样。鉴于其在机体代谢活动中的重要作用,P450酶在药物及药物代谢产物合成领域有突出作用。近年来,P450酶在温和条件下对非活泼C-H键的选择性羟基化也表明其在精细化学品合成中的巨大潜力。
CYP108家族属于Class I,需要额外的电子传递蛋白将NAD(P)H的电子传递到P450酶的活性中心进而完成整个催化过程。现阶段,利用CYP108家族的P450酶进行生物转化的报道较少。
发明内容
本发明目的是公开细胞色素氧化酶CYP108N7的催化功能,并提供该酶为核心的多酶催化体系的构建方案及该体系在针对不同底物的生物转化中的应用。
细胞色素氧化酶CYP108N7属于CYP108家族。
本发明中,术语“细胞色素氧化酶”、“CYP”、“P450”可以互换使用。
CYP108N7基因的核苷酸序列(1323bp)为SEQ ID No.1所示。
CYP108N7蛋白质(441aa)的氨基酸序列为SEQ ID No.2所示。
CYP108N7蛋白序列是从NCBI数据库中调研筛选获得的(该蛋白的NCBI登录号为:WP_037231399.1,见SEQ ID No.2),并根据蛋白序列进行了核苷酸密码子偏好性的优化,优化后的序列见SEQ ID No.1。而后将该酶的基因由上海生工直接合成至pET28a(+)载体,上游限制性内切酶位点为NdeI,下游限制性内切酶位点为HindIII,命名为pET28-CYP108N7。接着将质粒pET28-CYP108N7转入大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),构建重组表达菌。重组菌的表达为常规方法,具体方案见实施例1。
根据现有公共知识,任何基因经操作或者改造后连入各类表达载体,转化至合适宿主细胞,经适当条件诱导均能过量表达目的蛋白。因此,CYP108N7表达的载体可以为pET或者pCW或者pUC或者pPIC9k等,表达宿主可以为大肠杆菌,毕赤酵母,链霉菌等。
本发明还提供了以CYP108N7为核心的多酶催化体系的构建方案及该体系在针对不同底物的生物转化中的应用(附图1)。
(1)体外催化体系构建:
该催化体系包括:磷酸钠或者磷酸钾缓冲液、CYP108N7、一对电子传递蛋白、葡萄糖脱氢酶GDH,底物,氧化型辅酶NAD(P)+,葡萄糖。
其中,CYP108N7进行催化作用,电子传递蛋白将电子从NAD(P)H传递到CYP108N7的催化中心,葡萄糖脱氢酶用于辅酶再生从而有效推动反应的进行。可进行上述生物催化反应的包括相应的纯酶、重组菌休止细胞、粗酶液或者粗酶粉等其他存在形态。
一对电子传递蛋白可以是商品化的铁氧还蛋白(CAS号:9040-09-9)和铁氧还蛋白-NADP+还原酶(CAS号:9029-33-8),或者其他不同菌属来源的P450电子传递蛋白,如来源于大肠杆菌菌属的flavodoxin(GenBank:AAG55007.1)及flavodoxin reductase(GenBank:CQR83320.1);来自恶臭假单胞杆菌属的putidoxin(GenBank:AAA25759.1)及putidoxinreducatse(GenBank:AOE86720.1)等。
(2)全细胞催化体系构建:
全细胞催化体系是将CYP108N7、一对电子传递蛋白、葡萄糖脱氢酶(GDH)分别连接至商品化的双表达质粒的四个多克隆位点(MCS),使其同时在一个宿主菌株中表达,并利用全细胞静息细胞进行催化反应。
双表达质粒可以为pETDuet-1或者pRSFDuet-1等商品化质粒。本发明将CYP108N7的基因和电子传递蛋白中的还原酶基因构建到pETDuet-1的两个多克隆位点,得到质粒pETDuet-108N7-FNR。将葡萄糖脱氢酶GDH基因和另一个电子传递蛋白基因构建到pRSFDuet-1的两个多克隆位点,得到质粒pRSFDuet-GDH-Fdx。
完成构建的质粒pETDuet-108N7-FNR和pRSFDuet-GDH-Fdx同时转入大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)感受态细胞,利用含有卡那霉素、羧苄霉素的LB固体培养基筛选出单克隆,得到多酶共表达的重组菌,具体方案见实施例4。
本发明构建的催化体系可以有效地应用于针对不同底物的生物转化反应,包括芳香族烯烃类化合物的环氧化反应、烷烃类的羟基化反应、芳香族硫醚的氧化反应等。
区别于化学反应复杂的工艺流程及不易得的催化剂,以P450为核心的多酶催化体系可以在温和条件下选择性地进行氧化反应,这一优势在化学、药物合成中潜力巨大。
本发明涉及的CYP108N7为首次命名并公开其催化功能。对比与CYP108N7催化能力相似P450酶的相关报道(Fruetel,JACS,1994,269:28815-28821;Gao,ACS catalysis,2014,10:3763-3771),CYP108N7在催化活力、选择性等方面均有较大优势。其中,在对芳香族硫醚化合物的不对称氧化反应中,选择性优异,具有制备光学纯亚砜的应用价值。另外,在不同电子传递蛋白的兼容性分析中,CYP108N7可接受不同电子传递蛋白传递的电子完成整个催化反应,为实际应用提供了便利。
附图说明
图1为以CYP108N7为核心的多酶催化体系示意图;
图2为CYP108N7蛋白纯化结果电泳图;
图3为CYP108N7多酶催化体系全细胞生物转化底物谱。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例详细地说明本发明。实施方案为便于更好的理解本发明,但并非对本发明的限制。
实施例1CYP108N7异源表达
将质粒pET28-CYP108N7转入大肠杆菌BL21感受态后,提取单克隆接种于含有50mg/L卡那霉素的LB培养基于37℃,180rpm培养16h作为种子液,以1%接种率转接至新鲜LB或者TB培养基中(500mL容量摇瓶装液200mL培养基),于37℃振荡培养4h,随后加入终浓度为0.5mM的IPTG诱导CYP108N7蛋白的表达,于20℃诱导12h后,4℃,6000rpm冷冻离心10min收获菌体。
实施例2CYP108N7蛋白的分离纯化
将实施例1中获得的菌体以结合缓冲液(100mM、pH7.0磷酸钠缓冲液,含300mMNaCl,5mM咪唑)重悬后,经高压均质机破碎,12000rpm离心15min,上清与经上述结合液平衡过的Ni亲和层析树脂孵育后,使用漂洗缓冲液(100mM,pH7.0磷酸钠缓冲液,含300mM NaCl,10mM咪唑)漂洗至基本无杂蛋白,随后以洗脱缓冲液(100mM、pH7.0磷酸钠缓冲液,含300mMNaCl,250mM咪唑)洗脱并收集目的蛋白,电泳鉴定纯度后,合并目的蛋白并以透析缓冲液(100mM、pH7.0磷酸钾缓冲液)透析48h,超滤浓缩后利用核酸蛋白定量仪测定蛋白浓度为8mg/mL,将酶液稀释至终浓度为5mg/mL分装,冻存于-80℃(CYP108N7蛋白电泳图见附图2)。
实施例3CYP108N7体外催化体系构建
反应体系1mL,包括磷酸钠缓冲液(0.1M,pH8.0),CYP108N7纯酶1μM,一对电子传递蛋白各10μM,5U葡萄糖脱氢酶(GDH),2mM底物,0.2mM氧化型辅酶NADP+,10mM葡萄糖。在30℃,200rpm的振荡反应器中反应12h后加入等体积乙酸乙酯终止反应并萃取,加入适量无水硫酸钠干燥后用于HPLC检测分析。
实施例4多酶共表达体系的构建和异源表达
采用分子生物学操作技术,将CYP108N7,电子传递蛋白,葡萄糖脱氢酶分别连接至商品化的双表达质粒,如pETDuet-1,pRSFDuet-1。所用引物见表一。
表一多酶共表达构建所用引物
表二PCR反应体系
表三PCR反应条件
具体构建方案如下:
利用108N7-F和T7ter引物,以质粒pET28-CYP108N7为模板进行PCR反应(PCR反应体系如表二所示,PCR反应条件如表三所示),通过引入的NcoI和HindIII限制性酶切位点,再通过酶切处理之后将108N7的ORF连接至pETDuet-1的MCSI,得到pETDuet-108N7。
利用FNR-F和FNR-R引物,以含有铁氧还蛋白-NADP+还原酶(FNR,GenBank:X07981.1)基因的pET15-b质粒为模板进行PCR反应(反应体系如表二所示,反应条件如表三所示)通过引入的NdeI和XhoI限制性酶切位点将FNR的ORF连接至pETDuet-108N7的MCSII,得到pETDuet-108N7-FNR。
同理将葡萄糖脱氢酶(GDH,WP_013084087.1)利用GDH-F和GDH-R引物通过PCR反应(反应体系如表二所示,反应条件如表三所示)完成扩增及酶切处理之后,构建于pRSFDuet-1的MCSI,得到pRSFDuet-GDH。再将铁氧还蛋白(Fdx,GenBank:AAA34028.1)利用Fdx-F和Fdx-R引物通过PCR反应(反应体系如表二所示,反应条件如表三所示)进行扩增,借助引入的酶切位点NdeI和XhoI,构建于pRSFDuet-GDH的MCSII,得到pRSFDuet-GDH-Fdx。
完成构建的质粒pETDuet-108N7-FNR和pRSFDuet-GDH-Fdx同时转入大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)感受态细胞,利用含有卡那霉素、羧苄霉素的LB固体培养基筛选出单克隆,于含有50mg/L卡那霉素、100mg/L羧苄霉素的LB培养基于37℃,180rpm培养16h作为种子液。取2mL种子液利用质粒提取试剂盒,提取质粒,琼脂糖凝胶电泳验证是否具有双质粒。经过验证符合要求的种子液以1%接种率转接至TB培养基中(500mL容量摇瓶装液200mL培养基),于37℃振荡培养4h,随后加入终浓度为0.5mM的IPTG诱导CYP108N7蛋白的表达,于20℃诱导12h后,4℃,6000rpm冷冻离心10min收获菌体。
实施例5大肠肝菌全细胞催化体系进行生物转化
将实施例4得到的大肠杆菌菌体细胞用磷酸钠缓冲液(0.1M,pH7.0)重悬,并离心(6000rpm,10min,4℃)两次后得到静息细胞。该静息细胞再次使用磷酸钠缓冲液(100mM,pH7.0)重悬至50g湿菌体/L的浓度后进行全细胞生物转化。转化体系为10mL,包含5mM底物(底物谱如附图3所示),100mg葡萄糖。该转化体系在30℃,200rpm的振荡反应器中反应12h后加入等体积乙酸乙酯终止反应并萃取,加入适量无水硫酸钠干燥,旋蒸去除溶剂,以HPLC检测分析。
实施例6HPLC检测及生物转化结果
HPLC检测所用仪器:Shimadzu Prominence LC-20AD系统-PDA检测器。
非手性柱(ZORBAX Rx-SIL,Φ4.6mm×5μm×250mm,Agilent Co.)用于检测生物转化的转化率,手性柱用于检测生物转化的ee值,具体使用型号及条件见表四。
表四CYP108N7多酶催化体系全细胞生物转化HPLC分析结果
SEQ ID No.1
ATGACCACCGTTGAATCTGCTGACACCACCACCGTTCCGGACGAAATCGGTCGTCAGATCGTTCTGCCGGAAGGTCACTCTGACGACGCTAAACTGTACGAAGCGTACCGTTGGCTGCGTGAAAACCAGCCGCTGGGTCAGGCTCGTGTTGAAGGTTACGACCCGCTGTGGCTGGTTTCTAAACACGCTGACCTGATGGAAATCGAACGTCAGCCGGAAATCTTCTCTGCTGGTGGTGGTGAAAACAAAGGTTCTCACAACCCGATCCTGACCAACCAGGCTGGTGACGAATTTACCAAAACCCTGACCGGTGGTTCTCTGCGTATCCTGGACGCTCTGCCGTACCTGGACCCGCCGGAACACACCACCATCAAAGACGTTGCTTTCGACTGGTTCCGTCCGGCTAACCTGAAAAAATGGGAAGACCGTATCCGTGAAACCGCTCGTGAATCTGTTGCTCGTCTGGTTTCTGGTAAACAGGACCTGGACGCTGTTCACGAATTTGCTGTTTTCTTCCCGCTGCACGTTATCATGTCTCTGTTCGGTGTTCCGGTTGAAGACGAACCGCGTATGATGGCTCTGACCCAGGACCTGTTCGGTGTTGCTGACCCGGACGCTAAACGTGCTGACATCGAAACCCTGTCTCCGGACGCTGCTGCTCAGCAGTGGGCTGCTGCTATCGCTGACTTCTACGCTTACTTCGACGTTCTGGTTGAATCTCGTCGTGCTGAACCGCGTGACGACCTGGCTACCCTGATCGCTGTTGCTAAAGACGCTTCTGGTGAATACTTCCCGAAAACCTTCGCTTACGGTTGGTTCGTTGCTATCGCTACCGCTGGTCACGACACCACCGCTTCTACCCTGGCTGGTTGCCTGCAGCAGCTGGCTGCTCGTCCGGACATCCTGGAACGTGTTCAGGGTGACCTGTCTCTGGTTCCGCACCTGGTTAACGAAGCTCTGCGTATCGTTTCTCCGGTTAAACAGTTCACCCGTGTTGCTCTGTCTGACTACGAACTGCGTGGTCGTACCATCAAAGCTGGTGACCGTCTGATGCTGCTGTTCCAGTCTGGTAACCGTGACGCTGAAGTTTTCGACAACCCGGACACCTTCGACATCGACCGTCGTCCGAACAAACAGATCGCTTTCGGTTACGGTCCGCACATGTGCATCGGTCAGCACCTGGCTAAACTGGAAATGAAAGTTATGCTGGAAGAACTGCTGCCGACCCTGCGTCGTATCGAAGTTACCGGTGACCCGAAAATGATCCAGACCAACTTCGTTGGTGGTCTGCGTCGTCTGCCGGTTCACCTGACCTTCGCTTAA
SEQ ID No.2
MTTVESADTTTVPDEIGRQIVLPEGHSDDAKLYEAYRWLRENQPLGQARVEGYDPLWLVSKHADLMEIERQPEIFSAGGGENKGSHNPILTNQAGDEFTKTLTGGSLRILDALPYLDPPEHTTIKDVAFDWFRPANLKKWEDRIRETARESVARLVSGKQDLDAVHEFAVFFPLHVIMSLFGVPVEDEPRMMALTQDLFGVADPDAKRADIETLSPDAAAQQWAAAIADFYAYFDVLVESRRAEPRDDLATLIAVAKDASGEYFPKTFAYGWFVAIATAGHDTTASTLAGCLQQLAARPDILERVQGDLSLVPHLVNEALRIVSPVKQFTRVALSDYELRGRTIKAGDRLMLLFQSGNRDAEVFDNPDTFDIDRRPNKQIAFGYGPHMCIGQHLAKLEMKVMLEELLPTLRRIEVTGDPKMIQTNFVGGLRRLPVHLTFA.
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