JP2015527999A - 安定化された多機能酸化防止化合物およびその使用方法 - Google Patents
安定化された多機能酸化防止化合物およびその使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2015527999A JP2015527999A JP2015521741A JP2015521741A JP2015527999A JP 2015527999 A JP2015527999 A JP 2015527999A JP 2015521741 A JP2015521741 A JP 2015521741A JP 2015521741 A JP2015521741 A JP 2015521741A JP 2015527999 A JP2015527999 A JP 2015527999A
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- imidazol
- alkyl
- amino
- methyl
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- 239000011591 potassium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001592 potato starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003389 potentiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 230000010282 redox signaling Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004007 reversed phase HPLC Methods 0.000 description 1
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- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M salicylate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012723 sample buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013207 serial dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004208 shellac Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLGIYFNHBLSMPS-ATJNOEHPSA-N shellac Chemical compound OCCCCCC(O)C(O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O.C1C23[C@H](C(O)=O)CCC2[C@](C)(CO)[C@@H]1C(C(O)=O)=C[C@@H]3O ZLGIYFNHBLSMPS-ATJNOEHPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940113147 shellac Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013874 shellac Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010898 silica gel chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- AWUCVROLDVIAJX-GSVOUGTGSA-N sn-glycerol 3-phosphate Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)COP(O)(O)=O AWUCVROLDVIAJX-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007892 solid unit dosage form Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010199 sorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004334 sorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940075582 sorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 208000024794 sputum Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000003802 sputum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010254 subcutaneous injection Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 125000005346 substituted cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007910 systemic administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940095064 tartrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QEXPDZNJGQUYIZ-IRXDYDNUSA-N tert-butyl 5-[(2S)-3-[(2R)-2-acetamido-3-amino-3-oxopropyl]sulfanyl-2-[3-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxycarbonylamino]propanoylamino]-3-oxopropyl]imidazole-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CC(=O)N[C@@H](CSC(=O)[C@H](Cc1cncn1C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)NC(=O)CCNC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)C(N)=O QEXPDZNJGQUYIZ-IRXDYDNUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYIHCTNHDMVMEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl n-(3-amino-3-oxopropyl)carbamate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)NCCC(N)=O MYIHCTNHDMVMEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940124597 therapeutic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- RTKIYNMVFMVABJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L thimerosal Chemical compound [Na+].CC[Hg]SC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O RTKIYNMVFMVABJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940033663 thimerosal Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000036962 time dependent Effects 0.000 description 1
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011200 topical administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000699 topical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003053 toxin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000765 toxin Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229960002622 triacetin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PQDJYEQOELDLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylsilane Chemical compound C[SiH](C)C PQDJYEQOELDLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001665 trituration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005951 type IV hypersensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004704 ultra performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000825 ultraviolet detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZDPHROOEEOARMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZDPHROOEEOARMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003039 volatile agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、2012年7月10日に出願された米国仮出願第61/669,753号の優先権を主張する。米国仮出願番号第61/669,753号の内容全体は、本明細書に参照により組み込まれる。
で示される化合物
本明細書で使用する場合、他に特に記載のない限り、以下の定義を適用する。
「SC」は、皮下注射を意味する。
「HOBT」は、1−ヒドロキシベンゾトリアゾールを意味する。
「IV」は、静脈注射または点滴を意味する。
「IM」は、筋肉注射を意味する。
「PG」は、保護基を意味する。
「DCM」は、ジメチルホルムアミドを意味する。
「DCC」は、ジシクロヘキシルカルボジイミドを意味する。
「EDC」は、エチレンジクロリドを意味する。
「RH」は、相対湿度を意味する。
「THF」は、テトラヒドロフランを意味する。
「TMS」は、トリメチルシランを意味する。
「Me」は、メチルを意味する。
「Pr」は、プロピルを意味する。
「Bu」は、ブチルを意味する。
「t−Bu」は、tert−ブチルを意味する。
「Boc」は、tert−ブトキシカルボニルを意味する。
「Pg」は、保護基を意味する。
「NACA」は、N−アセチルシステインアミドを意味する。
本発明の化合物は、保存中に安定であるが、体内では2種類の別個の酸化防止性分子にすばやく変換される。安定性および生体利用可能性といった特性は、この分子のチオール成分を安定化し、この成分の酸化防止性種の医薬的特性を高める化学結合に起因している。これらの酸化防止性分子の1つは、チオール含有酸化防止剤である。遊離チオール含有分子は、反応性であり、一般的に、貯蔵中に不安定であり、酸化し、酸化防止特性を失ったジスルフィドを生成する。ある態様では、この化合物は、式Iの化合物であり、チオール含有酸化防止剤、例えば、N−アセチルシステインおよびN−アセチルシステインアミドと、β−アラニル−ヒスチジン誘導体、例えば、カルノシンおよびカルノシン誘導体、例えば、N−アセチルカルノシンに変換される。チオール含有酸化防止剤は、酸化したグルタチオンと反応し、還元されたグルタチオンを生成することができる。β−アラニル−ヒスチジン誘導体は、多くの酸化防止特性を有する。例えば、カルノシンは、酸化ストレス中、細胞膜の脂肪酸の過酸化によって生成する反応性酸素種(ROS)およびα−β不飽和アルデヒドを捕捉することが示されている。他の態様では、この化合物は、式IIの化合物であり、チオール含有酸化防止剤、例えば、N−アセチルシステインまたはN−アセチルシステインアミドと、L−カルニチンまたはカルニチン誘導体、例えば、アセチル−L−カルニチンおよびプロピオニル−L−カルニチンに変換される。カルニチンは、かなり大きな酸化防止作用を発揮し、それによって、リン脂質膜の脂質の過酸化および心筋細胞および内皮細胞のレベルで誘発される酸化ストレスに対し、保護的な影響を与える。カルニチンは、コエンザイムA(CoA)の再生において、基質として役立つ。
またはその医薬的に許容され得る塩を提供し、式中、
Rは、H、または場合により置換されたアルキル、または場合により置換されたアルコキシであり;
R1およびR2は、それぞれ独立して、H、場合により置換されたアルキル、または−C(=O)R3であり;
R3は、場合により置換されたアルキルまたは場合により置換されたアルコキシであり;
Lは、−(CH2)m−であり;
L1は、−CH(R5)−または−C(=O)−であり;
L2は、−O−または−NH−であり;
R4は、Hまたは場合により置換されたアルキルであり;
R5は、H、−C(O)OH、または−C(=O)L2R7であり;
R6は、Hまたは−(CH2)nC(=O)R8であり;
R7は、H、アルキル、または−(CH2)pC(=O)OHであり;
R8は、−OH、−CH3、−CH2C(=O)OH、または−(CH2)w−CH(NH2)−C(=O)OHであり;
R9は、H、アルキル、または−C(=O)アルキルであり;
mは、1、2、3または4であり;
n、pおよびwは、それぞれ独立して、0、1、2、3または4である。
Rが、HまたはC1−6アルキルまたはC1−6アルコキシであり;
R1およびR2が、それぞれ独立して、H、C1−6アルキルまたは−C(=O)R3であり;
R3が、C1−6アルキルまたはC1−6アルコキシであり;
Lが、−(CH2)m−であり;
L1が、−CH(R5)−または−C(=O)−であり;
L2が、−O−または−NH−であり;
R4が、HまたはC1−6アルキルであり;
R5が、H、−C(O)OH、または−C(=O)L2R7であり;
R6が、H、−(CH2)nC(=O)R8であり;
R7が、H、C1−6アルキル、または−(CH2)pC(=O)OHであり;
R8が、−OH、−CH3、−CH2C(=O)OH、または−(CH2)w−CH(NH2)−C(=O)OHであり;
R9は、H、C1−6アルキル、または−C(=O)C1−6アルキルであり;
mが、1、2、3または4であり;
n、pおよびwが、それぞれ独立して、0、1、2、3または4である。
を提供し、式中、R10およびR11は、それぞれ独立して、H、場合により置換されたアルキルまたは−C(=O)R3であり、
R3は、上に定義され;
R12は、−OH、−CH3、−CH2C(=O)OH、または−(CH2)w−CH(NH2)−C(=O)OHであり、wは、上に定義される。
を提供し、式中、R10およびR11は、それぞれ独立して、H、場合により置換されたアルキルまたは−C(=O)R3であり、
R3は、上に定義され;
R12は、−OH、−CH3、−CH2C(=O)OH、または−(CH2)w−CH(NH2)−C(=O)OHであり、wは、上に定義され;
R13は、H、アルキル、または−(CH2)pC(=O)OHである。
本発明の化合物は、単独で投与されるか、または他の適切な薬剤と組み合わせて投与され、酸化ストレス、遊離ラジカルによる酸化剤生成および細胞および組織での過剰産生、細胞成分、例えば、タンパク質、脂質、拡散および他の細胞生体分子の損傷を減らし、防ぐか、または弱め、還元されたグルタチオンを再生産するのに役立つように作用する。本発明は、さらに、酸化防止剤レベルの低下および/または酸素ラジカル発生の増加に関連する疾患、損傷または状態を治療するための方法を提供する。
本発明の化合物は、医薬組成物として配合することができ、すなわち、経口、膣投与および直腸投与を含む局所的に、吸入および非経口によって、静脈内経路、筋肉内経路または皮下経路による、選択される投与経路に適合する種々の形態で、哺乳動物対象、例えば、ヒト対象に投与することができる。
本発明の化合物は、当該技術分野で既知の方法によって簡単に調製することができる。以下に、本発明の化合物を調製するための例示的な方法を示す。以下に記載する方法は、説明の目的のためであり、本発明を限定するものとみなすべきではない。
スキーム2:中間体の酸Aの保護、次いで、チオールBとのカップリング
RF=Astd / Cstd
ASTD 具体的な標準のピーク面積応答
CSTD 純度について補正した標準的な濃度
属性
サンプル溶液(アッセイおよび純度)および参照となる標準溶液のクロマトグラムにおける化合物45およびNACAのピークの一致は、保持時間について決定された。それぞれの保持時間の違いは、±2.0%を超えなかった。
Cstd 化合物45STD溶液の濃度(mg/mLでの)
Au サンプル調製物中の化合物45のピーク面積
As 化合物45STD調製物を挟み込むための平均ピーク面積応答
Vs サンプル希釈体積
W サンプルの重量
Cstd 化合物45STD溶液の濃度(mg/mLでの)
Au サンプル調製物中の化合物45のピーク面積
As 化合物45STD調製物を挟み込むための平均ピーク面積応答
Vs サンプル希釈体積
W サンプルの重量
サンプル溶液のクロマトグラムにおいて、すべての既知および未知の不純物および分解生成物のピーク面積を個々に決定し、すべての未知の不純物を、化合物45またはNACAとの相対的な保持時間によって特定した。溶媒に関連するすべてのピークを無視した。それぞれの不純物ピークの相対的な保持時間(RRT)を以下の式を用いて決定した。
RTimp 個々の不純物(既知または未知)の保持時間
RTparent 化合物45またはNACA(アッセイされるサンプルによる)の保持時間
Aimp サンプル調製物の不純物のピーク面積
ATotal サンプル調製物中の希釈剤以外のすべてのピークのピーク面積応答
RRF 不純物または分解生成物(決定した場合)の相対的な応答ファクター
生理学的バッファー(リン酸緩衝化食塩水、pH7.4;PBS)中の化合物45およびカルノシンの溶解度を、Galaxy分析ソフトウエア、バージョン4.32R2を用いたBMG Labtech NEPHELOstar比濁計(Offenburg、Germany)を用いて決定した。それぞれの化合物のストック溶液を最初にジメチルスルホキシド(DMSO)中で調製し、化合物45は、DMSOに濃度50mMで可溶性であり、一方、カルノシンはそうではなかった。その後、比濁計を用いた溶解度の評価のために、両化合物の段階的な希釈を、直接的にPBS(pH7.4)で調製し、それぞれの化合物について、最高濃度500mg/mL、段階的に1:2希釈した。ヒートマップを用いて濃度−溶解度の関係を定量的に示すために、ポジティブコントロール化合物を含めた。化合物45は、500mg/mLの濃度で生理学的バッファーに可溶性であったが、カルノシンは、250mg/mL未満の濃度でしか可溶性ではなかった。
化合物45は、固有の多機能酸化防止剤分子であり、コアのチオエステル結合の酵素による加水分解によって代謝され、内因性のペプチド酸化防止剤分子であるカルノシンと、チオール含有合成酸化防止剤であるN−アセチルシステインアミド(NACA)とを得た。カルノシンは、遊離ラジカルおよび脂質の過酸化物を捕捉し、α,β−不飽和アルデヒドをクエンチし、酵素によらないグリコシル化を防ぎ、進んだタンパク質糖化最終産物の生成を防ぐことが示されている。NACAは、強力なチオール還元剤であり、システイン/グルタチオンプロドラッグおよび遊離ラジカル捕捉剤である。薬理学的に活性な多機能酸化防止剤生成物を得るためにチオエステル結合を安定化する代謝機構を実証するために、一連の実験を行い、ヒトの血中での化合物45の加水分解を評価し、化合物45の消失およびこの分子の多機能酸化防止剤成分の出現を測定した。
ストック溶液:NACA(500ng/mL)を、0.05%ギ酸を含有する1mMアスコルビン酸の溶液として調製した。化合物45(500μg/mL)を15mM過塩素酸の溶液として調製した。カルノシン(500μg/mL)を15mM過塩素酸の溶液として調製した。マレイミド試薬(N−[2−アミノエチル]マレイミド)13mg/mL(約51mM)を0.1%ギ酸溶液として調製した。サンプルバッファーは、pH5の1M酢酸アンモニウムであった。
Thermo Scientific TSQ Vantage三連四重極質量分析計を取りつけ、陽イオンモードでのエレクトロスプレーイオン化を用い、Waters Acquity UPLCTM液体クロマトグラフで96ウェルプレート中のサンプルを分析した。それぞれの抽出されたサンプルを、70℃で平衡状態にしたBEHアミドカラム(2.1×50mm;1.7μm)に注入した(10μL)。移動相Aは、0.2%(v/v)ギ酸を含有する水であった。移動相Bは、0.2%(v/v)ギ酸を含有するメタノールであった。
Claims (36)
- 式Iまたは式IIの化合物
R1およびR2は、それぞれ独立して、H、アルキル、または−C(=O)R3であり;
R3は、場合により置換されたアルキルまたは場合により置換されたアルコキシであり;
Lは、−(CH2)m−であり;
L1は、−CH(R5)−または−C(=O)−であり;
L2は、−O−または−NH−であり;
R4は、Hまたは場合により置換されたアルキルであり;
R5は、H、−C(O)OH、または−C(=O)L2R7であり;
R6は、H、−(CH2)nC(=O)R8であり;
R7は、H、アルキル、または−(CH2)pC(=O)OHであり;
R8は、−OH、−CH3、−CH2C(=O)OH、または−(CH2)w−CH(NH2)−C(=O)OHであり;
R9は、H、アルキル、または−C(=O)アルキルであり;
mは、1、2、3または4であり;
n、pおよびwは、それぞれ独立して、0、1、2、3または4である。〕
またはその医薬的に許容され得る塩。 - 前記化合物が式Iの化合物である、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- Rが、H、C1−6アルキルまたはC1−6アルコキシであり;
R1およびR2が、それぞれ独立して、H、C1−6アルキルまたは−C(=O)R3であり;
R3が、C1−6アルキルまたはC1−6アルコキシであり;
Lが、−(CH2)m−であり;
L1が、−CH(R5)−または−C(=O)−であり;
L2が、−O−または−NH−であり;
R4が、HまたはC1−6アルキルであり;
R5が、H、−C(O)OH、または−C(=O)L2R7であり;
R6が、H、−(CH2)nC(=O)R8であり;
R7が、H、C1−6アルキル、または−(CH2)pC(=O)OHであり;
R8が、−OH、−CH3、−CH2C(=O)OH、または−(CH2)w−CH(NH2)−C(=O)OHであり;
mが、1、2、3または4であり;
n、pおよびwが、それぞれ独立して、0、1、2、3または4である、請求項2に記載の化合物。 - RがHである、請求項2または請求項3に記載の化合物。
- Rがメチルまたはプロピルである、請求項2または請求項3に記載の化合物。
- Rがtert−ブトキシカルボニルである、請求項2または請求項3に記載の化合物。
- R1がHであり、R2が−C(=O)R3である、請求項2〜6のいずれか1項に記載の化合物。
- R3が、H、メチルまたはtert−ブトキシカルボニルである、請求項2〜7のいずれか1項に記載の化合物。
- R1およびR2がHである、請求項2〜6のいずれか1項に記載の化合物。
- R1がHであり、R2がC1−6アルキルである、請求項2〜6のいずれか1項に記載の化合物。
- mが2または3である、請求項2〜10のいずれか1項に記載の化合物。
- R4がHまたはメチルである、請求項2〜11のいずれか1項に記載の化合物。
- L1が−C(=O)−である、請求項2〜13のいずれか1項に記載の化合物。
- L1が−CH(R5)−である、請求項2〜13のいずれか1項に記載の化合物。
- R5が−C(=O)L2R7である、請求項15に記載の化合物。
- L2が−O−であり、R7が、HまたはC1−6アルキルである、請求項16に記載の化合物。
- L2が−O−であり、R7がメチルである、請求項17に記載の化合物。
- L2が−NH−であり、R7が、H、C1−6アルキル、または−(CH2)pC(=O)OHである、請求項16に記載の化合物。
- 前記化合物が式IIの化合物である、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- Lが−(CH2)m−であり;
L1が、−CH(R5)−または−C(=O)−であり;
L2が、−O−または−NH−であり;
R4が、HまたはC1−6アルキルであり;
R5が、H、−C(O)OH、または−C(=O)L2R7であり;
R6が、H、−(CH2)nC(=O)R8であり;
R7が、H、C1−6アルキル、または−(CH2)pC(=O)OHであり;
R8が、−OH、−CH3、−CH2C(=O)OH、または−(CH2)w−CH(NH2)−C(=O)OHであり;
R9が、H、C1−6アルキル、または−C(=O)C1−6アルキルであり;
mは、1、2、3または4であり;
n、pおよびwは、それぞれ独立して、0、1、2、3または4である、請求項21に記載の化合物。 - LがCH2であり;
R4がHであり;
R6が−C(O)Meであり;
R9が、H、−C(O)Me、または−C(O)Etであり;
L1が、−CHR5であり;
R5が、−COOHまたは−C(O)NH2である、請求項22に記載の化合物。 - 前記化合物が、
(2S)−S−2,3−ジアミノ−3−オキソプロピル 2−(3−アミノプロパンアミド)−3−(1H−イミダゾール−5−イル)プロパンチオエート;
2−アミノ−3−((S)−2−(3−アミノプロパンアミド)−3−(1H−イミダゾール−5−イル)プロパノイルチオ)プロパン酸;
2−アセトアミド−3−((S)−2−(3−アミノプロパンアミド)−3−(1H−イミダゾール−5−イル)プロパノイルチオ)プロパン酸;
(2S)−S−2−アセトアミド−3−アミノ−3−オキソプロピル 2−(3−アミノプロパンアミド)−3−(1H−イミダゾール−5−イル)プロパンチオエート;
メチル 2−アセトアミド−3−((S)−2−(3−アミノプロパンアミド)−3−(1H−イミダゾール−5−イル)プロパノイルチオ)プロパノエート;
2−(2−((S)−2−(3−アミノプロパンアミド)−3−(1H−イミダゾール−5−イル)プロパノイルチオ)プロパンアミド)酢酸;
(S)−S−2−アミノエチル 2−(3−アミノプロパンアミド)−3−(1H−イミダゾール−5−イル)プロパンチオエート(7);
2−アミノ−5−(2−((S)−2−(3−アミノプロパンアミド)−3−(1H−イミダゾール−5−イル)プロパノイルチオ)−1−カルボキシエチルアミノ)−5−オキソペンタン酸;
2−アミノ−5−(3−((S)−2−(3−アミノプロパンアミド)−3−(1H−イミダゾール−5−イル)プロパノイルチオ)−1−(カルボキシメチルアミノ)−1−オキソプロパン−2−イルアミノ)−5−オキソペンタン酸;
(2S)−S−2,3−ジアミノ−3−オキソプロピル 2−(3−アセトアミドプロパンアミド)−3−(1H−イミダゾール−5−イル)プロパンチオエート;
3−((S)−2−(3−アセトアミドプロパンアミド)−3−(1H−イミダゾール−5−イル)プロパノイルチオ)−2−アミノプロパン酸;
(8S)−8−((1H−イミダゾール−5−イル)メチル)−2,7,10,14−テトラオキソ−6−チア−3,9,13−トリアザペンタデカン−4−カルボン酸;
(2S)−S−2−アセトアミド−3−アミノ−3−オキソプロピル 2−(3−アセトアミドプロパンアミド)−3−(1H−イミダゾール−5−イル)プロパンチオエート;
(8S)−メチル 8−((1H−イミダゾール−5−イル)メチル)−2,7,10,14−テトラオキソ−6−チア−3,9,13−トリアザペンタデカン−4−カルボキシレート;
2−(2−{[(2S)−2−(3−アセトアミドプロパンアミド)−3−(1H−イミダゾール−5−イル)プロパノイル]スルファニル}プロパンアミド)酢酸;
(S)−S−2−アミノエチル 2−(3−アセトアミドプロパンアミド)−3−(1H−イミダゾール−5−イル)プロパンチオエート;
2−アミノ−4−[(1−カルボキシ−2−{[(2S)−2−(3−アセトアミドプロパンアミド)−3−(1H−イミダゾール−5−イル)プロパノイル]スルファニル}エチル)カルバモイル]ブタン酸;
2−アミノ−4−({1−[(カルボキシメチル)カルバモイル]−2−{[(2S)−2−(3−アセトアミドプロパンアミド)−3−(1H−イミダゾール−5−イル)プロパノイル]スルファニル}エチル}カルバモイル)ブタン酸;
(2S)−S−2,3−ジアミノ−3−オキソプロピル 2−(4−アミノブタンアミド)−3−(1H−イミダゾール−5−イル)プロパンチオエート;
2−アミノ−3−((S)−2−(4−アミノブタンアミド)−3−(1H−イミダゾール−5−イル)プロパノイルチオ)プロパン酸;
2−アセトアミド−3−((S)−2−(4−アミノブタンアミド)−3−(1H−イミダゾール−5−イル)プロパノイルチオ)プロパン酸;
(2S)−S−2−アセトアミド−3−アミノ−3−オキソプロピル 2−(4−アミノブタンアミド)−3−(1H−イミダゾール−5−イル)プロパンチオエート;
メチル 2−アセトアミド−3−((S)−2−(4−アミノブタンアミド)−3−(1H−イミダゾール−5−イル)プロパノイルチオ)プロパノエート;
2−(2−((S)−2−(4−アミノブタンアミド)−3−(1H−イミダゾール−5−イル)プロパノイルチオ)プロパンアミド)酢酸;
(S)−S−2−アミノエチル 2−(4−アミノブタンアミド)−3−(1H−イミダゾール−5−イル)プロパンチオエート;
2−アミノ−5−(2−((S)−2−(4−アミノブタンアミド)−3−(1H−イミダゾール−5−イル)プロパノイルチオ)−1−カルボキシエチルアミノ)−5−オキソペンタン酸;
2−アミノ−5−(3−((S)−2−(4−アミノブタンアミド)−3−(1H−イミダゾール−5−イル)プロパノイルチオ)−1−(カルボキシメチルアミノ)−1−オキソプロパン−2−イルアミノ)−5−オキソペンタン酸;
(2S)−S−2,3−ジアミノ−3−オキソプロピル 2−(3−アミノプロパンアミド)−3−(1−メチル−1H−イミダゾール−5−イル)プロパンエチオエート;
2−アミノ−3−((S)−2−(3−アミノプロパンアミド)−3−(1−メチル−1H−イミダゾール−5−イル)プロパノイルチオ)プロパン酸;
2−アセトアミド−3−((S)−2−(3−アミノプロパンアミド)−3−(1−メチル−1H−イミダゾール−5−イル)プロパノイルチオ)プロパン酸;
(2S)−S−2−アセタミド−3−アミノ−3−オキソプロピル 2−(3−アミノプロパンアミド)−3−(1−メチル−1H−イミダゾール−5−イル)プロパンチオエート;
メチル 2−アセトアミド−3−((S)−2−(3−アミノプロパンアミド)−3−(1−メチル−1H−イミダゾール−5−イル)プロパノイルチオ)プロパノエート;
2−(2−((S)−2−(3−アミノプロパンアミド)−3−(1−メチル−1H−イミダゾール−5−イル)プロパノイルチオ)プロパンアミド)酢酸;
(S)−S−2−アミノエチル 2−(3−アミノプロパンアミド)−3−(1−メチル−1H−イミダゾール−5−イル)プロパンチオエート;
2−アミノ−5−(2−((S)−2−(3−アミノプロパンアミド)−3−(1−メチル−1H−イミダゾール−5−イル)プロパノイルチオ)−1−カルボキシエチルアミノ)−5−オキソペンタン酸;
2−アミノ−5−(3−((S)−2−(3−アミノプロパンアミド)−3−(1−メチル−1H−イミダゾール−5−イル)プロパノイルチオ)−1−(カルボキシメチルアミノ)−1−オキソプロパン−2−イルアミノ)−5−オキソペンタン酸;
2−アミノ−4−({1−[(カルボキシメチル)カルバモイル]−2−{[(2S)−2−(3−アセトアミドプロパンアミド)−3−(1−ブチル−1H−イミダゾール−5−イル)プロパノイル]スルファニル}エチル}カルバモイル)ブタン酸;
2−アミノ−5−(3−((S)−2−(4−アミノブタンアミド)−3−(1−プロピル−1H−イミダゾール−5−イル)プロパノイルチオ)−1−(カルボキシメチルアミノ)−1−オキソプロパン−2−イルアミノ)−5−オキソペンタン酸;
(2R)−4−(2−アセトアミド−2−カルボキシエチルチオ)−2−ヒドロキシ−N,N,N−トリメチル−4−オキソブタン−1−アミニウム;
(2R)−4−(2−アセトアミド−3−アミノ−3−オキソプロピルチオ)−2−ヒドロキシ−N,N,N−トリメチル−4−オキソブタン−1−アミニウム;
(2R)−4−(2−アセトアミド−2−カルボキシエチルチオ)−2−アセトキシ−N,N,N−トリメチル−4−オキソブタン−1−アミニウム;
(2R)−4−(2−アセトアミド−3−アミノ−3−オキソプロピルチオ)−2−アセトキシ−N,N,N−トリメチル−4−オキソブタン−1−アミニウム;
(2R)−4−(2−アセトアミド−2−カルボキシエチルチオ)−N,N,N−トリメチル−4−オキソ−2−(プロピオニルオキシ)ブタン−1−アミニウム;
(2R)−4−(2−アセトアミド−3−アミノ−3−オキソプロピルチオ)−N,N,N−トリメチル−4−オキソ−2−(プロピオニルオキシ)ブタン−1−アミニウム;
(S)−S−((R)−2−アセトアミド−3−アミノ−3−オキソプロピル)2−(3−アミノプロパンアミド)−3−(1H−イミダゾール−5−イル)プロパンチオエート;および
(R)−メチル 2−アセトアミド−3−(((S)−2−(3−アミノプロパンアミド)−3−(1H−イミダゾール−5−イル)プロパノイル)チオ)プロパノエートから選択される、請求項1に記載の化合物。 - 前記化合物が、
(S)−S−((R)−2−アセトアミド−3−アミノ−3−オキソプロピル)2−(3−アミノプロパンアミド)−3−(1H−イミダゾール−5−イル)プロパンチオエート;および
(R)−メチル 2−アセトアミド−3−(((S)−2−(3−アミノプロパンアミド)−3−(1H−イミダゾール−5−イル)プロパノイル)チオ)プロパノエートから選択される、請求項24に記載の化合物。 - 治療に有効な量の請求項1〜25のいずれか1項に記載の化合物を、治療を必要とする対象に投与することを含む、酸化防止剤レベルの低下および/または酸素ラジカル発生の増加に関連する疾患、損傷または状態を治療する方法。
- 前記疾患、損傷または状態が、心血管疾患、脳性麻痺;肝疾患、嚢胞性繊維症、認知症、炎症性疾患、筋萎縮性側索硬化症、急性呼吸不全症候群、感染症、狼瘡、眼の障害、多発性硬化症、腎疾患、ニューロパチー;脳症;糖尿病、βサラセミア、鎌状赤血球症、パーキンソン病、肺線維症、生殖器疾患、不妊、発作性障害、敗血症、卒中、壊疽、毒素ショックまたは外傷性損傷である、請求項26に記載の方法。
- 心血管疾患が、アテローム性動脈硬化症、心筋梗塞、慢性閉塞性肺疾患または慢性心不全である、請求項27に記載の方法。
- 炎症性疾患が、炎症性腸疾患、クローン病、関節リウマチまたは大腸炎である、請求項27に記載の方法。
- 肝疾患が、肝硬変または肝炎である、請求項27に記載の方法。
- 認知症が、アルツハイマー病に関連する認知症である、請求項27に記載の方法。
- 眼の障害が、白内障または黄斑変性である、請求項27に記載の方法。
- 外傷性損傷が、生物兵器への曝露、化学熱傷、熱傷、造影剤腎症、薬物過剰摂取、放射線被曝、たばこの煙への曝露、毒ガスへの曝露、爆傷、接触過敏反応、遅延型過敏反応、聴力損失を引き起こす損傷、中毒症、日焼け、移植拒絶、銃創、圧迫傷、トキシコデンドロン種に関連する炎症、皮膚の損傷または化学療法による治療である、請求項27に記載の方法。
- 生物兵器が、リシン、炭疽菌(Bacillus anthracis)、エボラウイルス、ボツリヌス菌(Clostridium botulinum)、またはニパウイルスである、請求項27に記載の方法。
- 外傷性損傷が爆傷である、請求項27に記載の方法。
- 薬物過剰摂取が、アセトアミノフェンまたはモルヒネの過剰摂取である、請求項27に記載の方法。
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