JP2015506681A - 遺伝子組換えした酵母菌細胞 - Google Patents
遺伝子組換えした酵母菌細胞 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2015506681A JP2015506681A JP2014550670A JP2014550670A JP2015506681A JP 2015506681 A JP2015506681 A JP 2015506681A JP 2014550670 A JP2014550670 A JP 2014550670A JP 2014550670 A JP2014550670 A JP 2014550670A JP 2015506681 A JP2015506681 A JP 2015506681A
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Abstract
Description
操作された宿主細胞(いわゆる細胞工場)における広範囲の産業的に関心のある天然生成物の生合成は、これらの天然源の実現されていない商業上の可能性を開発することができる。従って、安価な源の炭素をいわゆる前駆代謝物質に効率的に変換することができ、そしてさらに関心のある生成物に変換する、プラットフォーム細胞工場を開発することに大きく関心がある。これらの鍵となる代謝の1つは、イソプレノイド(フレーバー及びフレグランス、バイオディーゼル、抗マラリア薬及び抗ガン薬、抗体、ゴム、栄養補助食品、食品成分及びビタミンとして主に使用される)、ポリケチド(抗体、抗ガン薬及び免疫抑制剤)、脂質(例えば栄養補助食品、医薬品及びバイオディーゼル)、ポリヒドロキシアルカノエート、及び1−ブタノールを含む広範囲の産業上関心のある生成物の製造のための前駆体として使用されるアセチル−CoAである(図1)。
第一の一態様において、本発明は、アルコールデヒドロゲナーゼ及びアセトアセチル−CoAシンターゼをさらに過剰発現させることを特徴とする、アルデヒドデヒドロゲナーゼ及びアセチル−CoAシンターゼ(ACS)の過剰発現によって改質させた酵母菌細胞を提供する。
本発明の酵母菌細胞は、増加させたレベルのアセチル−CoA及びアセトアセチル−CoAを製造し、従って増加させたレベルのそれらに由来する有用な生成物、例えばテルペノイド、1−ブタノール及びポリヒドロキシ酪酸の製造を可能にする、驚くべき利点を有する。
本発明を、次の実施例の方法によってさらに詳細に記載する。
酵母菌株及び培地
サッカロミセス・セレビシエ株CEN.PK113−11C(MATa SUC2 MAL2−8c ura3−52 his3−Δ1、P. Koetter, University of Frankfurt, Germanyによって提供された)を、バックグラウンド株として使用した。この研究において使用した全ての酵母菌株を表1において要約する。
ALD6、ACSSE、ADH2及びERG10酵母菌発現プラスミド
グルコースを基礎とする培養において遺伝子発現を提供するために、全ての酵母菌発現プラスミドは、構成性プロモーターPTEF1及びPPGK1を有するpSP−G1及びpSP−G2を基礎とする(Yeast 2010、27:955)(この研究において使用したプラスミドのリストについて表2を参照)。
α−サンタレン及びtHMG1酵母菌発現ベクターの構築
(+)−α−サンタレン発現ベクターを構築するために、サンタレンシンターゼ(Sts)cDNA(配列番号:46)を、プライマー19及び20を使用して、プラスミドCont2B−27−pET101(WO 2009109597号、GenBank受託番号:HQ452480)からPCRによって増幅し、NotI/PacIで切断し、そしてNotI/PacIを制限したベクターpSP−G1(Yeast 2010, 27:954)中に連結した。続いて、tHMG1を、鋳型としてS.セレビシエCEN.PK113−5DのゲノムDNA並びにプライマー31及び32を使用してPCR増幅し、BamHI/NheIで切断し、そしてBamHI及びNheIでの制限後に同様のベクター中に連結した(Nature 2006, 440:940)。これは、発現プラスミドpICK01の形成をもたらした(図4)。
ポリヒドロキシ酪酸経路発現ベクターの構築
ポリヒドロキシ酪酸生合成経路を、多コピー型プラスミドを使用することによってS.セレビシエ株CEN.PK113−11C中に導入した。PHBの生合成経路は、3種の酵素、phaAによってコードされるβ−ケトチオラーゼ、phaBによってコードされるアセトアセチル−CoAレダクターゼ、及びphaC遺伝子によってコードされるPHAシンターゼを含む。phaA(配列番号:53)、phaB(配列番号:54)及びphaC(配列番号:55)を合成し、そしてラルストニア・ユートロファH16からの元来のpha遺伝子の配列に基づくDNA2.0によってS.セレビシエにおける発現のためにコドンを最適化した。phaA及びphaBを、それぞれPGK1及びTEF1プロモーターの下流のpSP−GM2プラスミドのSacI/SpeI及びSalI/BamHI部位中にクローニングして、pSP−GM2−phaABを得た。phaCを、TEF1プロモーターの下流のpSP−GM2のXhoI/KpnI部位中にクローニングした。phaC、TEF1プロモーター及びCYC1ターミネーターのフラグメントを、プライマー13及び14を使用して増幅し、そしてMfeI部位でpSP−GM2−phaABに連結して、プラスミドpPHB−phaを得た(図4)。
ブタノール経路発現ベクターの構築
2つのプラスミドを使用して、ブタノール経路遺伝子を発現させた。ブチルアルデヒドデヒドロゲナーゼ、3−ヒドロキシブチリル−CoAデヒドロゲナーゼ、クロトナーゼ及びトランスエノイル−CoAレダクターゼをコードする4つの遺伝子を、1つのプラスミドから発現させた一方で、チオラーゼ遺伝子(ERG10)を、他のプラスミドから発現させた。
cit2及びmls1の欠失
遺伝子欠失を、クローニングしていないPCRを基礎とする対立遺伝子置換法を使用して実施した(Genome Res. 1997, 7: 1174)。cit2(配列番号:44)の欠失のために、cit2オープンリーディングフレームの5’及び3’領域を、次のオリゴヌクレオチド:CIT2−UP−フォワード、CIT2−UP−リバース、CIT2−DOWN−フォワード、CIT2−DOWN−リバース(遺伝子欠失のために使用したプライマーのリストについて表4を参照)を使用して、PCRによってゲノムCEN.PK 113−5Dから個々に増幅させた。KanMX発現モジュールを、オリゴヌクレオチド:KanMX−UP−フォワード、KanMX−UP−リバース、KanMX−DOWN−フォワード、KanMX−DOWN−リバースを使用して、プラスミドpUG6(Guldener et al.、1996)から2つのオーバーラップ部位中で増幅させた。
α−サンタレン、1−ブタノール及びPHB製造のために遺伝子操作した酵母菌株の構築
全ての酵母菌株の形質転換を、標準酢酸リチウム法(Nucleic Acids Res.1992, 20: 1425)によって実施した。それぞれの形質転換からの3〜10個のコロニーを、最良に製造した形質転換体の選別のためにスクリーニングした。
α−サンタレン、1−ブタノール及びPHBの製造、精製、及び定量分析のための方法
前記の種々からの株α−サンタレン、1−ブタノール及びPHB製造を試験するために、20mL培養液を、100mlの未調整フラスコ中で、600nm(OD600)での最終工学密度0.02をもたらす前培養の量を接種することによって開始した。その株を、30℃で180r.p.m.のオービタルシェイクで、次の組成物を有する限定最少培地中で成長させた:7.5g/L(NH4)2SO4;14.4g/L KH2PO4;0.5g/L MgSO4.7H2O;2ml/L微量金属溶液(1リットルあたり、pH4.0:EDTA(ナトリウム塩)、15.0g;ZnSO4・7H2O、0.45g;MnCl2・2H2O、1g;CoCl2・6H2O、0.3g;CuSO4・5H2O、0.3g;Na2MoO4・2H2O、0.4g;CaCl2・2H2O、0.45g;FeSO4・7H2O、0.3g;H3BO3、0.1g及びKI、0.10g)。最少培地のpHを、2M NaOHを添加することによって6.5に調整し、そして炭素源溶液とは別々にオートクレーブした。グルコースを、濃度20g/Lで添加した。ビタミン溶液(1リットルあたり、pH6.5:ビオチン、0.05g;p−アミノ安息香酸、0.2g;ニコチン酸、1g;Ca−パントテン酸塩、1g;ピリドキシン−HCl、1g;チアミン−HCl、1g及びミオイノシトール、25g)を、濾過滅菌し、そして1ml/Lの濃度でオートクレーブ後に培地に無菌で添加した。前培養液を製造するために、限定培地(前記したもの)の5mLを含む培養管に、関心のある株の単コロニーを接種した。これらの接種材料を、30℃で220r.p.m.のオービタルシェイクで、1〜2のOD600まで培養した。
アセチル−CoAプラットフォーム株の評価
アセチル−CoAプラットフォーム株、セスキテルペンを自然に生じるα−サンタレン及びα−サンタレンの生合成前駆体を評価するために、ビャクダン油の重要な化成成分を評価した。図4Aにおいて示されているように、サンタレンは、セスキテルペンのための生物学的前駆体、ファルネシルジホスフェート(FPP)からの単独の酵素的工程において直接誘導される。FPP製造を増加するために、酵母菌内因性メバロン酸経路を、3−ヒドロキシ−3−メチルグルタリル−補酵素Aレダクターゼ1(tHMG1)(J Biol Chem 1999, 274:316171)の過剰発現によって調整解除して、酵母菌(Nature 2006, 440:940)におけるイソプレノイド製造の向上をもたらしたことを証明した。酵母菌における植物遺伝子を発現することにおける困難性を克服するために、α−サンタレンシンターゼをコードするSts cDNAは、S.セレビシエにおける高レベルの発現のために最適化したコドンであった。参考株として、トランスジェニック酵母菌株SCYC040(表1)を、tHMG1及びStsを含むプラスミドpICK01で形質転換した。撹拌フラスコ培養液中で、2.08mg/Lのα−サンタレンを、成長の48時間後に製造した(図5A)。ALD6、ACSSE、ADH2及びERG10を発現するプラスミドpIYC08でpICK01を同時発現することによって、α−サンタレン製造を、3.65mg/L(図5A、株SCYC042)まで増加させた。CIT2欠失とプラスミドpIYC08での同時発現との組合せは、4.98mg/Lのα−サンタレンを製造することができる株SCYC045をもたらした(図5A)。さらに、プラスミドpIYC08を、株SCYC046をもたらすMLS1欠失で同時発現した場合に、α−サンタレン製造は、さらに、参考株と比較して4倍の向上を示す、8.29mg/L(図5A)まで増加した。さらに最新のストラテジーを評価するため、及びACSSE及びALD6(Metab Eng 2007, 9: 160)の過剰発現に対する以前に発表された研究とそれを比較するために、これらの2つの遺伝子を、プラスミドpICK01(図6、株SCIYC41)で同時発現させた。結果は、ADH2及びERG10のさらなる過剰発現が、α−サンタレンの最終価(図6、株SCIYC42)における及びブロックストラテジーと共に、25%の増加を導き、α−サンタレン製造における2〜4倍の増加を得た(図6A)ことを示した。
Claims (15)
- アルデヒドデヒドロゲナーゼ及びアセチル−CoAシンターゼ(ACS)の過剰発現によって改質された酵母菌細胞であって、アルコールデヒドロゲナーゼ及びアセトアセチル−CoAシンターゼをさらに過剰発現させることを特徴とする、前記酵母菌細胞。
- ペルオキシソームクエン酸シンターゼをコードする遺伝子又はサイトゾルリンゴ酸シンターゼをコードする遺伝子を、酵母菌細胞ゲノムから欠失させることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の酵母菌細胞。
- 前記酵母菌細胞が、サッカロミセス・セレビシエ細胞であることを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載の酵母菌細胞。
- 前記アルデヒドデヒドロゲナーゼがALD6であり、前記アルコールデヒドロゲナーゼがADH2であり、前記アセトアセチル−CoAシンターゼがERG10であり、前記ペルオキシソームクエン酸シンターゼがCIT2であり、かつ前記サイトゾルリンゴ酸シンターゼがMLS1であることを特徴とする、請求項3に記載の酵母菌細胞。
- 前記ACSが、アセチル化による阻害から酵素を防ぐ点突然変異を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1から4までのいずれか1項に記載の酵母菌細胞。
- 前記ACSが、サルモネラ・エンテリカからの変異体L614Pであることを特徴とする、請求項5に記載の酵母菌細胞。
- アルデヒドデヒドロゲナーゼ及びアセチル−CoAシンターゼ(ACS)を過剰発現することを含む改質した酵母菌細胞を製造するための方法であって、該方法が、さらに、アルコールデヒドロゲナーゼ及びアセトアセチルCoAシンターゼを過剰発現することを含むことを特徴とする、前記方法。
- 前記方法が、さらに、ペルオキシソームクエン酸シンターゼをコードする遺伝子又はサイトゾルリンゴ酸シンターゼをコードする遺伝子を、酵母菌細胞ゲノムから欠失させることを含むことを特徴とする、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記酵母菌細胞が、サッカロミセス・セレビシエ細胞であることを特徴とする、請求項7又は8に記載の方法。
- 前記アルデヒドデヒドロゲナーゼがALD6であり、前記アルコールデヒドロゲナーゼがADH2であり、前記アセトアセチル−CoAシンターゼがERG10であり、前記ペルオキシソームクエン酸シンターゼがCIT2であり、かつ前記サイトゾルリンゴ酸シンターゼがMLS1であることを特徴とする、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記ACSが、請求項5又は6において定義されたものであることを特徴とする、請求項7から10までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 請求項1から6までのいずれか1項に記載の酵母菌細胞を培養することを含む、増大させたレベルのアセチル−CoAに由来する生成物を製造するための方法であって、かかる生成物を、該生成物を製造するために良い条件下で製造することができる、前記方法。
- 前記生成物が、アセトアセチル−CoAに由来することを特徴とする、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記生成物が、テルペノイド、1−ブタノール及びポリヒドロキシ酪酸からなる群から選択されることを特徴とする、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 前記テルペノイドがα−サンタレンであることを特徴とする、請求項14に記載の方法。
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