JP2014535002A - 炭化水素流を処理する方法及び装置 - Google Patents
炭化水素流を処理する方法及び装置 Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G75/00—Inhibiting corrosion or fouling in apparatus for treatment or conversion of hydrocarbon oils, in general
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- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G49/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, not provided for in a single one of groups C10G45/02, C10G45/32, C10G45/44, C10G45/58 or C10G47/00
- C10G49/005—Inhibiting corrosion in hydrotreatment processes
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- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/02—Apparatus characterised by being constructed of material selected for its chemically-resistant properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
- B23K35/3066—Fe as the principal constituent with Ni as next major constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
- B23K35/308—Fe as the principal constituent with Cr as next major constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
- B23K35/308—Fe as the principal constituent with Cr as next major constituent
- B23K35/3086—Fe as the principal constituent with Cr as next major constituent containing Ni or Mn
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/02—Apparatus characterised by their chemically-resistant properties
- B01J2219/025—Apparatus characterised by their chemically-resistant properties characterised by the construction materials of the reactor vessel proper
- B01J2219/0277—Metal based
- B01J2219/0286—Steel
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Abstract
Description
「容器」という用語は、あらゆるタイプの入れ物、タンク、反応器、パイプ、塔、カラム、交換器、又は、石油精製複合施設内の他の構造体若しくは装置を意味し、この構造体若しくは装置は、石油精製複合施設の稼働中に、炭化水素流体を保持する、又は、連続的に若しくはバッチ処理で若しくは間欠的に炭化水素流を通過させて流動させる。
「維持すること(maintaining)」という用語は、材料の流動が、指示された時間の間、維持されているが、しかし保守又は点検のために中断されていてもよいことを意味する。本明細書で使用されているとおり、炭化水素の流動は、定常的な又は予想外の保守、点検、又は修理のために中断されることがあっても、維持される。
一つ又は複数の異なる炭化水素を含む、並びに、他の成分及び/又は不純物を含むこともある炭化水素供給流を処理する工程が提供され、工程は、炭化水素処理容器を通過させて炭化水素流を流動させることを含む。炭化水素処理容器は、炭化水素供給流の一つ若しくは複数の成分を転換若しくは処理して所望の製造物を形成する一つ若しくは複数の具体的なタイプの炭化水素転換工程又は処理工程を実行することが可能な、さらに大きな石油精製複合施設の一部として、含まれていてもよい。工程は、炭化水素流を、それを処理するための炭化水素処理容器内に流動させることを含む。稼働中には、炭化水素流及び/又は容器に熱を印加する。熱の炭化水素流への印加は、それが炭化水素処理容器内にある時、又は入る前でもよく、これにより、その温度が工程温度に上昇する。このように、炭化水素処理容器もまた、その中の炭化水素流の加熱、又は炭化水素流から容器壁への伝熱のいずれかにより、所定の容器温度に加熱してもよい。温度、圧力、空間速度等の、具体的な工程パラメーター又は稼働条件は典型的には、工程特異的であり、具体的な工程の、具体的な反応又は処理のステップを促進するために選択される。
Claims (10)
- 炭化水素流を処理する方法であって、
炭化水素処理容器を通過させて炭化水素流を流動させること、
容器の内部表面の少なくとも一部分を所定の容器温度の400℃以上に、300時間以上、加熱すること、及び、
0.005〜0.020重量%の炭素、10〜30重量%のニッケル、15〜24重量%のクロム、0.20〜0.50重量%のニオブ、0.06〜0.10重量%の窒素、5%までの銅、及び1.0〜7重量%のモリブデンを含む新規オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼合金から形成された少なくとも部分を有する炭化水素処理容器を使用して、炭化水素処理容器の部分の鋭敏化及び塩化物応力腐食割れを制御することにより、内部表面の部分の鋭敏化と塩化物応力腐食割れを抑制すること、
を含む方法。 - 所定の容器温度を、炭化水素処理容器内で565℃〜700℃の間に維持する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 塩化物濃度を炭化水素処理容器内で5ppm以上にし、塩化物が内部表面の部分に接触するに任せて、その部分の塩化物応力腐食割れを抑制することをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 所定の容器温度及び2ppm以上の塩化物濃度を炭化水素処理容器内で1,000時間よりも長く維持し、容器の内部表面の部分の鋭敏化及び塩化物応力腐食割れを少なくとも1,000時間、抑制することをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 容器内で硫黄含有成分を流動させ、硫黄含有成分の一部分が酸素及び空気に容器内で相互作用してポリチオン酸を形成するに任せて、ポリチオン酸に起因する部分の応力腐食割れを制御することをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 炭化水素流の流動を間欠的に休止させること、容器温度を低下させること、及び、内部表面の部分のポリチオン酸応力腐食割れを生じさせずに、炭化水素処理容器の内部の中和及びパージ無しに、酸素及び湿気を含む外部環境に炭化水素処理容器の内部を露出させること、をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 炭化水素処理容器の内部表面の、所定温度に維持されて1ppm以上の塩化物濃度に露出した変質領域を特定することと、変質領域の鋭敏化及び塩化物応力腐食割れを、新規オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼合金から形成された変質領域、及び別の材料から形成されたその他の領域を有する炭化水素処理容器を使用することによって制御することと、をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 容器の内部表面を溶接することをさらに含み、被溶接材料を、0.005〜0.020重量%の炭素、10〜30重量%のニッケル、15〜24重量%のクロム、0.20〜0.50重量%のニオブ、0.06〜0.10重量%の窒素、5%までの銅、及び1.0〜7重量%のモリブデンを含むステンレス鋼合金から形成して、被溶接材料の鋭敏化及び塩化物応力腐食割れを制御する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 炭化水素流を処理する装置であって、
その中を通過する炭化水素流の流動を入れる炭化水素処理容器、及び
0.005〜0.020重量%の炭素、10〜30重量%のニッケル、15〜24重量%のクロム、0.20〜0.50重量%のニオブ、0.06〜0.10重量%の窒素、5%までの銅、及び1.0〜7重量%のモリブデンを含む新規オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼合金から形成された、炭化水素処理容器の内面部分、を含み、炭化水素処理容器の内部表面の部分の鋭敏化及び塩化物応力腐食割れを抑制する、装置。 - 炭化水素処理容器が、稼働期間中にその内面部分に接触する2ppm以上の塩化物をその内部に含み、炭化水素流の内面部分が、塩化物に露出した後の塩化物応力腐食割れを抑制する、請求項9に記載の装置。
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PCT/US2011/054173 WO2013048433A1 (en) | 2011-09-30 | 2011-09-30 | Process and apparatus for treating hydrocarbon streams |
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JP2014535002A true JP2014535002A (ja) | 2014-12-25 |
JP5792905B2 JP5792905B2 (ja) | 2015-10-14 |
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US (1) | US9296958B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2760977B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5792905B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101603455B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN103890144B (ja) |
RU (1) | RU2566820C1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2013048433A1 (ja) |
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KR101529809B1 (ko) | 2011-03-31 | 2015-06-17 | 유오피 엘엘씨 | 탄화수소 스트림의 처리 방법 |
JP6423138B2 (ja) * | 2013-06-14 | 2018-11-14 | 新日鐵住金ステンレス株式会社 | 酸化皮膜の密着性に優れた燃料改質器用オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼およびその製造方法 |
US20160067668A1 (en) * | 2014-09-09 | 2016-03-10 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Cost-effective materials for process units using acidic ionic liquids |
US9138787B1 (en) | 2014-09-17 | 2015-09-22 | Kenneth Haffner | System and method for de-gassing and neutralizing equipment |
WO2017196621A1 (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2017-11-16 | Uop Llc | Reforming process with improved heater integration |
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JP2001059141A (ja) * | 1999-08-18 | 2001-03-06 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼および自動車排気系部品 |
JP2006131956A (ja) * | 2004-11-05 | 2006-05-25 | Nippon Steel & Sumikin Stainless Steel Corp | 耐高温塩害性に優れたオーステナイト系ステンレス鋼 |
WO2009044802A1 (ja) * | 2007-10-04 | 2009-04-09 | Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. | オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼 |
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EP2760977B1 (en) | 2019-12-11 |
US20140251868A1 (en) | 2014-09-11 |
EP2760977A1 (en) | 2014-08-06 |
EP2760977A4 (en) | 2015-08-19 |
US9296958B2 (en) | 2016-03-29 |
CN103890144A (zh) | 2014-06-25 |
CN103890144B (zh) | 2015-12-09 |
JP5792905B2 (ja) | 2015-10-14 |
WO2013048433A1 (en) | 2013-04-04 |
KR101603455B1 (ko) | 2016-03-14 |
KR20140079802A (ko) | 2014-06-27 |
RU2566820C1 (ru) | 2015-10-27 |
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