JP2014533097A - Seaweed reverse culture method and apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and an apparatus for culturing seaweeds such as red algae, brown algae and green algae on land without using a large amount of seawater. [MEANS FOR SOLVING PROBLEMS] Seaweeds are attached to the substrate surface, and the attached substrate surface is turned upside down so that the attached substrate surface faces in the direction of gravity. In order to cause photosynthesis in seaweeds in the opposite direction, or in the upper or side of gravity, where seaweeds are directed, the spraying device controller controls the spraying period and amount of spraying. The seaweeds are cultivated in large quantities in a factory-like manner like hydroponics of agricultural crops indoors on land by using a seaweed reverse culture method in which the light source lighting cycle and irradiation amount are controlled by a light source controller. Production is possible. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for culturing seaweeds such as red algae, brown algae, and green algae on land without using a large amount of seawater.

  Plants that live in the sea are called seaweeds, and are classified into floating phytoplankton and attached large-scale seaweeds. Usually called the seaweed of only the latter. In terms of classification, seaweeds include green algae plants, brown algae plants, red algae plants, red algae plants and cyanobacteria species that live in the sea. These seaweeds grow using the asexual reproduction method by spores and the sexual reproduction method by spouses, and individuals that form spores are used as gametes.

  In seaweed aquaculture, a certain section is set on the normal sea, a net stand and a support stand are set up, and synthetic fibers, etc., attached to the seedlings and spores seedlings in the aquarium on the land, are attached to the sea farm. The main method is to wrap it around a screen or support stand installed in the plant.

  As a method for producing algae in an onshore aquarium, a method has been used in which artificial fibers and other artificial fibers are transplanted and cultured in a structure in the aquarium for growth. The seaweed aquaculture method using an onshore aquarium is a method using an artificially transferred marine environment to an onshore aquarium, so there is a large amount of seawater to support seaweed by buoyancy and supply nutrients. Necessary. This requires a large-scale facility such as a filtration device and a temperature control device for filtering seawater, and generates a lot of costs for supplying and processing seawater for use in aquaculture. However, in consideration of the difficulty of dealing with environmental changes at sea compared to these drawbacks, the artificial culture equipment on land has the advantage of being able to artificially adjust environmental conditions such as water temperature and salinity. Yes.

  On the other hand, terrestrial plants absorb nutrients from the roots and transport them throughout the plant, whereas in seaweeds, the roots function as an adhesive means for placing them on a low-altitude substrate suitable for algae growth and living environments. The water and nutrients necessary for the growth of the individual are absorbed from the whole algae body, so that the individual grows. If these seaweeds absorb nutrients from the whole body and use the property that the roots attach to simple substrates, they will form algae in an economical way without requiring much seawater on land. can do.

  Therefore, if an aquaculture method that eliminates the large amount of seawater necessary for seaweed aquaculture is established, it is possible to cultivate a large amount of seaweeds like indoor hydroponics. can do.

The present invention provides a method and apparatus for culturing useful seaweeds that inhabit the ocean in large quantities on land.
The patent documents related to seaweed aquaculture are the rapeseed stage in which the seedlings of Sugiaonori are acquired naturally or artificially in Korean Patent Registration No. 10-0491210; the seedling cultivation stage of cultivating the seedlings of Sueaonoori obtained at the rapeseed stage And a method for cultivating Suonyori, characterized in that it includes a harvesting step of harvesting Sueaonoori cultivated in the seedling raising stage. Korean Registered Patent No. 10-0898416 includes a rapeseed stage that obtains zoospores from mature vine moth algae with an ascending disc; a stage that cultivates zoospores to obtain willow leaves; a stage that cultivates willow leaves, and a culture A method for cultivating Ecklonia stolonifera, which is composed of a stage of transplanting the obtained leaf body into the sea, is disclosed.

  As a prior document, Korean Patent Registration No. 10-08611340 is designed to adjust the water temperature by adjusting the surface seawater to 5-10 ° C suitable for algae culture by taking low-temperature deep seawater below 200m in depth. The first seaweed cultivation stage to cultivate seaweed such as seaweed, kelp, daiou, hijiki and green seaweed in the seawater, the stage of adjusting the water temperature at a temperature suitable for the growth of shellfish and fish (15-20 ° C); It consists of a phase of culturing shellfish such as abalone and turban shell while feeding seaweed as feed to seawater adjusted at a temperature suitable for the growth of shellfish or fish, a phase of culturing fish, and a second phase of culturing seaweed A method for culturing seaweeds using deep seawater and surface seawater characterized by the above is disclosed.

  Korean Registered Patent No. 10-1000346 relates to an automatic aquaculture and harvesting device for attached algae, a tank with an inlet for the discharge of effluent water and an outlet for the discharge of the effluent; an interval in the tank. Attached algae medium plate that is placed and propagates the attached algae contained in the discharged water; a lifting drive unit that periodically lifts and lowers the attached algae and the attached algae medium plate; A configuration is disclosed that includes a wiper that sweeps down the attached algae attached to the adherent algae medium plate when the medium plate is raised.

  These aquaculture methods are similar in configuration to the existing algae culture stage carried out on the sea, and the seaweed that is the object of this invention is directed in the opposite direction in the air, not in the seawater on land. It is different from the technical characteristics of farming.

  The present invention is a method for culturing seaweeds without using a large amount of seawater by peeling off conventional seaweeds that are cultivated by immersing seaweed seedlings in seawater in a normal substrate for cultivation. There is provided a seaweed reverse culture method characterized in that seaweeds are attached to the surface, and the substrate is grown upside down so that the attached substrate surface is directed in the direction of gravity.

  In order to solve the above problems, seaweeds are attached to the substrate surface, and the attached substrate surface is turned over so that the substrate surface faces in the direction of gravity. A sprayer that injects moisture and nutrients is installed, and the spray cycle and spray amount of the spraying device are controlled by the spraying device controller. There is provided a seaweed reverse culture method and a culture apparatus, characterized in that a light source for causing the light source is installed and the lighting cycle and irradiation amount of the light source are controlled by a light source controller.

  According to the present invention, the advantages of convenient environmental control of land facilities and the establishment of a new aquaculture method that does not use the large amount of seawater necessary for seaweed culture, seaweeds can also be used for hydroponics of crops indoors on land. In this way, it can be mass-produced by a factory type.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the basic configuration of a seaweed reverse culture aquaculture apparatus, 10: seaweed reverse culture apparatus, 20: light source, 30: sprayer, 40: substrate, 50: seawater box, 60: light source Controller: 70: Spray controller, 80: Seawater temperature controller.

  FIG. 2 is a photograph showing a seaweed reverse culture apparatus.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the upper and lower aquariums of the seaweed reverse aquaculture apparatus, showing 11: upper aquarium, 12: lower aquarium, 13: attached seaweed.

  FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a seedling method using an upper aquarium and a lower aquarium of a seaweed reverse aquaculture apparatus, 11: upper aquarium, 12: lower aquarium, 13: attached seaweed, 14: culture aquarium The cradle is shown.

  FIG. 5 is a photograph of a sprayer and a controller that controls the light source that constitute the seaweed reverse culture apparatus.

  FIG. 6 is a photograph showing a state in which seawater and nutrients are supplied to the seaweed attached to the substrate using a sprayer constituting the seaweed reverse culture apparatus.

  FIG. 7 is a photograph of seaweed growing in a seaweed reverse culture system.

  FIG. 8 is a photograph of a transparent plastic substrate with a light source and seaweed attached to a seaweed reverse aquaculture device.

  FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a seaweed reverse culture aquaculture device showing an arrangement of longitudinal sections of a plurality of upper and lower aquariums capable of mass production of seaweeds.

  FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a multi-stage seaweed reverse culture apparatus showing a cross-sectional arrangement of a plurality of upper and lower aquariums capable of mass production of seaweeds.

  FIG. 11 shows a system configuration of a factory-type seaweed reverse aquaculture device, 60: light source controller, 70: spray controller, 90: filter, 95: sterilizer, 100: seaweed reverse culture device system, 101 : Seaweed reverse culture aquaculture tank group, 110: Nutrient supplement apparatus, 120: Seawater storage tank.

  In order to achieve the object of the present invention, the present invention is characterized in that seaweed is attached to a substrate surface and grown in a state where the attached substrate surface is turned upside down so as to face the direction of gravity. A reverse aquaculture device is provided.

  FIG. 1 shows a basic configuration of a seaweed reverse culture culture apparatus, and FIG. 2 is a photograph showing the seaweed reverse culture culture apparatus. The material used as a substrate for seedlings for attaching zoospores and spores released from seaweeds can be used as long as it is a substrate material to which zoospores and spores released from seaweeds can adhere. is there. In ordinary seaweed cultivation methods, natural fibers, synthetic fibers, and the like are often used. In the present invention, the substrate for rapeseed used for attaching seaweed zoospores, spores, and the like is a high molecular compound, natural fiber. A material made of any one material selected from fiber, synthetic fiber, and glass can be used.

Moreover, FIG. 3 shows the upper tank and lower tank of a seaweed reverse culture culture apparatus. The substrate to which the seaweed as a constituent part of the seaweed reverse culture aquaculture apparatus is attached can be distinguished into an upper water tank and a lower water tank.
The purpose of the upper aquarium is to fix the adherent substrate or adherent substrate of the seaweed to be cultivated, while the lower aquarium is responsible for collecting the sprayed seawater and collecting the wastewater, and the early seaweed zoospores and spores. Can be used in body rapeseed tank.

  Fig. 4 shows a method of rape seedling using the upper and lower tanks of the seaweed reverse culture aquaculture device. In order to rape seedlings of seaweed on the back temperament of the upper tank, It shows the state where the upper tank is turned over to the lower tank while the seawater mixed with spores is added.

To use the upper tank as a rape seedling tank, turn the upper tank over and place it on the lower tank, and seed the seedlings and spores of seaweeds on the ceiling of the upper tank. For the purpose of fixing the base part (root) of the plant, or fixing the seedlings of any one material selected from polymer compounds, natural fibers, synthetic fibers and glass to the ceiling of the upper aquarium use.
In order to grow seaweeds, seaweed gametes or spores adhere to the ceiling of the upper tank, or the fixed upper tank is turned over on the lower tank and placed as shown in FIG. . Considering the necessity of installing a light source to cause photosynthesis in seaweeds and observing the breeding process, the upper aquarium in the opposite direction of gravity to which the substrate on which seaweeds are attached is used. is necessary.

FIG. 5 is a photograph of a controller that controls the sprayer and the light source, and FIG. 6 uses the sprayer installed in the seaweed reverse aquaculture device to supply seawater and nutrients to the seaweed attached to the substrate. It is a picture showing how it is. As the light source used for photosynthesis, any one or more selected from an artificial light source or a natural light source can be used. When indoors, an incandescent light source, a discharge light source, a semiconductor light source Any one or more artificial light sources selected from a light source and a fluorescent light source can be used.
Incandescent bulbs are emitted by filaments, and incandescent lamps are typical, and the discharge lamp series injects gas into the inside of a glass tube and emits light by the effect of being discharged by applying voltage. Typical examples are mercury lamps and metal halide lamps. In a semiconductor system, a typical light source is a light-emitting diode that is normally used for LEDs. Blue light emitting diodes have been developed, and conventional white, orange, blue violet, green, red, etc. can be combined to freely express all wavelengths of visible light. The fluorescent lamp is emitted by the electric action of a fluorescent material applied to the inside of the glass tube, and a neon sign and a fluorescent lamp are typical. The lighting cycle and irradiation amount of these light sources, the wavelength of the light sources, and the like can be controlled by a light source controller.

  A sprayer that sprays water and nutrients on the seaweed can be installed on the floor and sides in the direction of gravity toward which the seaweed is directed, and on the ceiling in the opposite direction toward which the seaweed is directed. The seawater supplied to the sprayer is connected to the sprayer controller by the seawater pipe led out from the seawater storage tank, and the spraying period and spray amount of the sprayer are controlled. FIG. 7 shows a photograph of seaweed growing in a seaweed reverse culture aquaculture device, and FIG. 8 shows a transparent plastic substrate with a light source and seaweed attached to the seaweed reverse aquaculture device. Show photos.

  Hereinafter, the seaweed reverse culture method according to the present invention will be described in detail together with the characteristics of the seaweed.

  i) In order to attach seaweeds to any one substrate selected from polymer compounds, natural fibers, synthetic fibers and glass materials, the selected substrates include cultured seaweed spores and zoospores. Wait until the algae spores are conceived by the substrate.

  More specifically, for use as a vegetable seedling aquarium, turn the upper tank of the seaweed reverse aquaculture device divided into an upper tank and a lower tank, place it on the lower tank, and seaweed to be cultured The seedlings of the seaweeds and spores are planted on the ceiling of the upper aquarium, which serves to fix the adherent substrates, and the base of the seaweeds (roots).

Seaweeds are classified as green algae plants, brown algae plants, red algae plants and cyanobacteria plants that live in the sea. These seaweeds grow by the asexual reproduction method using spores and the sexual reproduction method by spouses. The individuals that form spores are spores and the solids that form spouses are gametes. Sporophytes are generally multiphase (2n), and gametes are single-phase (n), living in generational alternations. However, there are some types that do not form spouses for sexual reproduction, such as cyanobacteria plants, or do not form spores, such as brown algae plants, and have only sexual reproduction. Variety. In particular, the spores and gametophytes have the same shape and size as Aosa, Ogonori, and Umiuchiwa, and there are also types that have the same type of alternation, and the gametes have a microscopic size such as wakame and kelp. There is also a kind of variant generation police box that becomes huge.
On the other hand, seaweeds have a life span of normal life in the sea or water, but there are times when they float in the sea, like plankton, depending on the growing season. After the floating period, you will be landed in a place with an appropriate marine environment, and the seaweed spores, zoospores, etc. that have landed will spend their entire life in the same place.

  ii) Fix the upper aquarium on which the seaweeds have been implanted or the substrate on which the algae is implanted to the ceiling surface of the upper aquarium, turn the seaweed implantation surface in the direction of the ground, have a certain space with the ground, and install it on the aquaculture equipment .

  For the cultivation of seaweeds, make sure that seaweed gametes and spores adhere to the ceiling of the upper aquarium or fix them, and place the upper aquarium over the lower aquarium. Good. At this time, the lower aquarium can be used as a collection of sprayed seawater for breeding and a collection of drainage, as well as an early seaweed zoospore and a spore body seedling aquarium.

  In general, unicellular algae such as plankton are known to be able to grow to a depth of 200 m, but general seaweeds are normally distributed to a depth of 5 to 20 m and grow to a depth of 50 m. Is seen. Especially on the coast, there are fluctuations of tides in the morning and evening, and the part exposed to the air at low tide from the part immersed in water at high tide is the intertidal zone. When the wave hits above it, the part where the water droplets repels and wets is the splash zone, and the part below the intertidal zone is the subtidal zone or ascending depth, and the type of seaweed that grows in each region is different.

In Korea, there are not many species in the splash zone, but indigenous algae such as burdock roots and stone laver pushed up from the intertidal zone. In the upper part of the intertidal zone, cubs aonori, fukurofunori, funori, stone seaweed, green seaweed, etc. are typical of Ishige, rock whiskers, etc., and in the lower part of the intertidal zone, hijiki, Umitorano, Yuna, and Kendawara live. Seaweeds generally have a strong adaptability to live by changing their shape in response to changes in environmental conditions, so lifespan and seasonal growth often change depending on the environmental conditions of the habitat even for the same type. .
In addition, looking at the horizontal and vertical distributions of seaweeds, in the case of horizontal distribution, green algae are often produced from difficult seas, and among brown algae, large brown algae are mostly produced from the cold sea. In seaweeds, the roots function as an adhesion means for placing them on the substrate of the sea area suitable for algae growth and living environment, and moisture and nutrients necessary for individual growth are absorbed from the whole seaweed body By doing so, the growth of the individual is performed. Utilizing the property that these seaweeds absorb nutrients from the whole body and the root has an attribute for attaching to a simple substrate, the growth direction of the algae attached to the substrate can be arbitrarily adjusted.

  iii) While irradiating the light source from above or below or from the side with the seaweed installed to induce photosynthesis, spray the seawater using the sprayer device installed above or below or the side of the seaweed, Spray water and nutrients so that the seaweed body gets wet.

Seaweed species that can be cultivated with the reverse seaweed aquaculture method and equipment include Ezoi Shige, Funori, Fukurofunori, Proboscis, Oomkadenori, Matsunori, Tsunomata, Egonori, Ishige, Fusaiwazuta, Igizu, Yuna, Nori, etc. The seaweed species that can be cultivated for this purpose are hijiki, kombu, wakame, sujime, ogonori, kajime, and honda. On the coast, there are tidal fluctuations in the morning and evening, and the intertidal zone extends from the part immersed in water at high tide to the point where it leaks into the air at low tide. When the wave hits above it, the part where the water droplets repels and wets is the splash zone, and the part below the intertidal zone is the subtidal zone or ascending depth, and the type of seaweed that grows in each region is different.
In Korea, there are not many species in the splash zone, but indigenous algae such as burdock roots and stone laver pushed up from the intertidal zone. In the upper part of the intertidal zone, cypress aonori, fukurofunori, funori, stone seaweed, green seaweed, etc. are in the middle of the intertidal zone, and in the lower part of the intertidal zone, hijiki, Umitorano, Yuna, Kendawara are typically inhabited. .

  Therefore, it can be seen from the life history of seaweeds that seaweeds living in the intertidal zone can grow without being continuously immersed in seawater. It can be grown by supplying the required amount of moisture and nutrients without being immersed in the water. The vertical distribution of seaweeds is different from that of land plants, and a clear stratigraphic structure can be seen even within a few tens of centimeters. This is because seaweeds are able to withstand and adapt to environmental changes according to the degree of penetration of light necessary for photosynthesis at each water depth and the length of time that plants living in intertidal zones are exposed to the air due to tidal fluctuations. This is because it varies depending on the type of.

In general, light rays from the sun enter the sea are absorbed and scattered, and become weaker as the water depth increases. In addition, long wavelength rays are absorbed in sequence. And red light etc. are extinguished in shallow places, and blue-green can enter deep places. As a result, green algae are relatively shallow and bright, and brown algae and red algae are characterized by a vertical distribution that in turn lives in deeper and darker places.
The plastids possessed by the type of seaweed differ from each other. Nori and Tengusa, which correspond to red algae plants, have chlorophyll a, d and carotene, xanthophyll, fucobilin, and brown algae such as Kajime, Honda walla, wakame contain chlorophyll a, c and carotene, xanthophyll, and green seaweed Green algae plants, such as Kabusaonori, contain chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids.

  Therefore, the use of the light source wavelength must be appropriately adjusted according to the type of seaweed and the type of chlorophyll that the seaweed has. Moreover, among green algae, brown algae and red algae, it is classified into warm sea, warm sea, cold sea, etc. depending on the type, and it can be seen that it lives within the temperature range where it can grow in each species. In other words, warm-sea seaweeds include sea cacti, warm-sea seaweeds include wakame, hijiki, hondawala, and long-tailed seaweed, and cold-seawater seaweeds include kelp and cocalpus.

  iv) While maintaining the environmental temperature of the seaweed exposed in the air, while continuing to supply moisture and nutrients according to the growth rate of the algae, continue to irradiate with light for photosynthesis.

FIG. 9 shows an arrangement of a plurality of upper and lower tanks capable of mass production of seaweeds using a seaweed reverse aquaculture device. FIG. 10 shows a cross-sectional arrangement of a plurality of upper and lower aquariums capable of mass production of seaweeds using a seaweed reverse aquaculture device. According to FIGS. 9 and 10, the seawater algae in the natural state is dried in an exposed state so that a large amount of space is maintained on the side of the upper aquarium, and air can flow through this space by nature or a ventilation device. As a result, it is possible to mass-produce and produce seaweed on the land on a factory basis.
Moreover, it is known that the temperature required for the growth of seaweeds is the best for germination and growth of gametophytes at a water temperature of 17 to 20 degrees in the case of wakame. In this way, by adjusting the temperature so that the water temperature sprayed together with nutrients maintains the optimal water temperature for the growth of seaweeds and injecting seawater, the environmental temperature of seaweeds exposed to the air can be reduced. Can be maintained.

FIG. 11 shows a system configuration of a factory-type seaweed reverse aquaculture device, which was used in a seaweed reverse aquaculture device having a plurality of upper and lower aquariums capable of mass production of seaweeds. Seawater gathers in the culture seawater supplement tank. The collected seawater is sent to a filter using a pump. In the filter, impurities are rubbed using a filtering device such as a filter, and the filtered seawater is sent again to the seawater sterilizer. In the sterilizer, bacteria unnecessary for seaweed culture such as pathogens are sterilized. As the sterilization method, high temperature, low temperature sterilization, sterilization with ultraviolet rays, ozone, chemicals, or the like can be used.
Since sterilized seawater is used as a medium for supplying nutrients to seaweeds, the process of adding nutrient salts, minerals, etc. using a quantitative injection device, or mixing a concentrated solution in which the above substances are dissolved It passes. Seawater produced as a culture solution has a circulation process that is automatically sprayed onto seaweeds attached to the substrate by a spray controller.

  v) Collect seaweeds when they grow to an appropriate size for a certain period of time and pack them in a product.

  Seaweeds vary depending on the environment, such as whether they are annual or perennial, and the appearance and prosperity of the year. However, in general, when looking at the seasonal growth of seaweeds, there are many types that show annual changes that begin to appear in late autumn, grow thickly from winter to spring, and gradually disappear in summer. Such a series of processes can be carried out as an apartment-type factory with a large number of seaweed aquaculture equipment installed, and the growth of seaweeds is controlled through environmental adjustments such as atmospheric temperature, water temperature, exposure time, and light wavelength. Unlike the existing marine environment and aquaculture methods that wait for only seasonal changes, the environment necessary for seaweed growth is actively changed by cultivating by setting the necessary environment arbitrarily. It can produce valuable seaweeds and can be processed according to certain processing methods for commercialization.

  The advantages of convenient environmental control of land facilities and the establishment of a new aquaculture method that does not use the large amount of seawater necessary for seaweed aquaculture, seawater algae can The mold can be produced in large quantities. This makes it possible to stably supply necessary seaweeds as needed regardless of changes in the ocean temperature, weather, and other environmental conditions, and can be used as a source of income for farmers and new industries. is there.

Claims (28)

  A seaweed reverse culture method, characterized in that a seaweed seedling is grown on a substrate, and the substrate is grown so that the substrate surface on which the seedling is directed is directed in the direction of gravity.   The substrate according to claim 1, wherein the substrate is divided into an upper aquarium and a lower aquarium.   The seaweeds to be sown on the substrate of claim 1 are Ezoi Shige, Funori, Fukurofunori, Proboscis, Oomkadenori, Matsunori, Tsunomata, Egonori, Ishige, Fusaiwata, Igizu, Yuna, Nori, Hijiki, Kombu, Wakame, Sujime, Ogonori A seaweed reverse culture method, wherein the seaweed is one or more seaweeds selected from Kajime, Honda walla   A seaweed reverse direction characterized in that a sprayer for injecting water and nutrients to the seaweed is installed in any one of the top, bottom, left and right of the seaweed planted on the substrate according to claim 1 Farming method   5. The seaweed reverse culture method according to claim 4, wherein the spraying period and spray amount of the sprayer are controlled by a controller of the sprayer.   A seaweed reverse direction characterized in that a light source for causing a photosynthetic action of the seaweed is installed in any one of the top, bottom, left and right of the seaweed planted on the substrate according to claim 1 Farming method   7. The seaweed reverse culture method according to claim 6, wherein the light source according to claim 6 is one or more selected from an artificial light source and a natural light source.   The artificial light source according to claim 7 is one or more selected from an incandescent light source, a discharge lamp light source, a semiconductor light source, and a fluorescent light source.   The lighting period and irradiation amount of the light source according to claim 6 are controlled by a light source controller, and the seaweed reverse culture method a) providing a substrate for seedling seedlings or spores of seaweeds;
b) immersing the substrate in seawater mixed with seaweed zoospores or spores to seed the seaweeds;
c) The stage where the substrate surface on which the seedlings are laid is placed on a stand so that the direction of gravity is directed;
d) A seaweed reverse culture method characterized by including a step of supplying seawater and nutrients to a substrate surface on which seaweed is seeded   11. The seaweed reverse culture method according to claim 10, wherein the substrate is separated into an upper tank and a lower tank.   The seaweed rapeseed in step b) according to claim 10 is turned upside down on the upper aquarium, overlaid on the lower aquarium and seeded with seaweed zoospores or spores on the ceiling of the upper aquarium, Seaweed reverse aquaculture method, characterized in that it is a step of placing the upper aquarium on which the above-mentioned seaweed has been placed upside down on the lower aquarium   The culture method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the culture method is carried out on land.   Seaweed produced by the aquaculture method according to claim 1.   A seaweed reverse aquaculture apparatus, wherein a substrate on which seaweed is seeded is installed at a fixed position in the direction of gravity.   The substrate according to claim 15, wherein the substrate is divided into an upper aquarium and a lower aquarium.   The seaweed to be cultivated on the substrate according to claim 15 is Ezoi Shigege, Funori, Ochonori, Proboscis, Oomkadenori, Matsunori, Tsunomata, Egonori, Ishige, Fusaiwata, Igizu, Yuna, Nori, Hijiki, Kombu, Wakame, Sugime, Onori Seaweed reverse culture device, characterized in that it is one or more selected from among Kajime, Honda Walla   A seaweed reverse culture, wherein a sprayer for injecting water and nutrients to the seaweed is installed at any one of the vertical and horizontal directions centering on the substrate on which the seaweed is seeded. apparatus   19. A seaweed reverse culture apparatus, comprising a spray control controller for controlling a spraying period and a spray amount of a sprayer according to claim 18.   A light source for irradiating light to seaweeds is installed at any one of up, down, left and right directions centering on a substrate on which seaweeds are seeded. Directional aquaculture equipment.   The light source according to claim 20, wherein the light source is one or more selected from an artificial light source and a natural light source.   The artificial light source according to claim 21, wherein the artificial light source is at least one selected from an incandescent light source, a discharge lamp light source, a semiconductor light source, and a fluorescent light source.   21. A seaweed reverse culture apparatus comprising a light source controller for controlling a lighting cycle and an irradiation amount of the light source according to claim 20.   A seaweed reverse culture apparatus, wherein a seawater storage tank for collecting seawater sprayed from the sprayer according to claim 18 is installed.   25. A seaweed reverse culture apparatus comprising a filter and a sterilizer for filter sterilizing seawater in the seawater storage tank according to claim 24.   26. A seaweed reverse culture apparatus, wherein a nutrient replenishment device for replenishing seawater that has been filtered and sterilized with nutrients of seaweed is installed.   The aquaculture device according to any one of claims 15 to 26, which is a device installed on land, is a seaweed reverse culture device.   A seaweed aquaculture plant in which the seaweed reverse culture apparatus according to claim 15 is installed.

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