JP2011130704A - Method and device for aquaculture of aphanothece sacrum - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and a device each for aquaculture of aphanothece sacrum by and with which environment suitable for growth of the aphanothece sacrum is created by adjusting quantity of light, quality of water, nutrients and the like so as to enable efficient aquaculture of the aphanothece sacrum. <P>SOLUTION: The method for aquaculture of aphanothece sacrum includes: repeating a day process for putting aphanothece sacrum in a water tank where breeding water for the aphanothece sacrum is reserved and the breeding water is charged and discharged, under an environment having such a lighting intensity as to reduce the sunlight in daytime, and a night process for adding nutrients promoting growth of the aphanothece sacrum to the breeding water and stopping charge or discharge of the breeding water at night; and washing the algae of the aphanothece sacrum each predetermined period. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for cultivating swallowtail.

  Suphanzinori (Aphanothece sacurum (SURINGAR) OKADA) is a kind of native cyanobacteria and has an oval shape with a minor axis of 3-4 μm and a major axis of 6-7 μm. Algae do not differentiate up to the roots and stems, and form an irregular cluster mass. The surface is uneven and grows up to the palm of your hand if it is large. Algae is dark brown and cannot be fixed to the substrate because it has no roots. It grows while floating or sinking on the river surface. In the past, it grew in large quantities in springs, but now it lives only in limited places. The name originates from what was inhabited by Gozu Lake in Suizenji Temple in Kumamoto Prefecture.

In Kumamoto Prefecture, the number of scorpion ginsengs decreased, and in 1912, the lake was designated as a natural monument. However, due to the great flood of 1952, the swamp genori in Lake Gotsu was devastated, and even now, no recovery of resources has been observed and the situation is in a critical state.
The history of aquaculture in Fukuoka Prefecture is old and can be traced back to the Edo period. Until around 1979, Kurume was cultivated in Kokubu, Kurume City, but now it is a golden river where two traders in Asakura City flow through to Yanaga, using spring water flowing on the riverbed and pumped-up groundwater. Is just doing.

  Yields have been decreasing year by year, and recently, the two companies have fallen below 70 tons, halving compared to 10 years ago, and the market is in short supply.

The species is not formed due to asexual reproduction. Therefore, large individuals of harvested raw algae are used as raw materials for products, and small algal bodies are used as seeds.
In normal aquaculture, small seeds are returned to the riverbed and grown ones are harvested.
The aquaculture is basically a repetitive method, and the cultivation, seeding, net management, and other operations such as laver culture are not performed, and the method is left to nature.
Aquaculture is carried out throughout the year, but the harvest peaks in spring and autumn.
As for aquaculture management, stalagmites (branch companions), transplantation and management of sericulture, and some fishing grounds are equipped with light-shielding nets that serve to adjust illuminance and prevent bird damage.
Most of these operations require considerable time and effort to remove weeds and floating mud from the fishing grounds in the river and to remove impurities at harvest.

In the current method for culturing in natural rivers using spring water, the aquaculture site and the aquaculture area are limited, and the development of new suitable aquaculture areas is hopeless.
In recent years, due to the expanded use of groundwater from various fields, the water level has decreased and the amount of spring water itself has decreased.
For this reason, research institutions such as universities and large private companies have been working on the development of new aquaculture technology that can replace the current aquaculture method. There are no examples.
Under such circumstances, a technique described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-81022 has been proposed as a technique related to culturing suizendinori.
JP 2004-81022 A

As mentioned above, swallowtail can only grow in a very limited environment. Therefore, it has been extremely difficult to produce an amount that can be supplied for food.
Although the technique described in Patent Document 1 can experimentally cultivate suizendinori on a medium, it cannot produce an amount that can be provided for food.
The present invention has been made in order to solve the conventional problems, and the object of the present invention is to prepare an environment suitable for the growth of sardine, by adjusting the amount of light, water quality, nutrients, etc. It is an object to provide a method and an apparatus for cultivating suizenjinori, which enable aquaculture.

As a means for achieving the above object, in the method for cultivating suizenjinori according to claim 1, the suizenjinori is placed in a water tank storing breeding water of suizenjinori in an illuminating environment where the sunlight is dimmed during the day. Feeding and draining the breeding water, adding nutrients to the breeding water to promote the growth of scallops at night, stopping the irrigation and draining of the breeding water, repeating the above day and night process, It is characterized by washing the algal bodies.
In addition, as for the reason to stop the water at night, it is desirable to feed the nutrients with running water for 24 hours, but the added nutrients are not diluted, and because the algal bodies do not carry out photosynthesis at night, the water stopped at night rather than stopping the day. This is because there is less influence.

In the method for cultivating suizendinori according to claim 2, in the method for cultivating suizendinori according to claim 1, at night, a solution obtained by mixing 2 ml of a stock solution represented by the following composition ratio in 1 liter of water is 1/50 to 1/50. It is characterized by using breeding water having a concentration diluted to 1/200.

H ₃ BO ₃ 12.37 g
MnCl ₃ 1.40 g
ZnCl ₃ 0.11 g
CoCl ₂ 4.80 mg
CuCl ₂ 0.03 mg
H ₂ O 2.0L

  The method for cultivating scorpion gins according to claim 3 is the method for cultivating semen genus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a drainage pipe having a number of drainage holes in the vertical direction in the water tank is inserted, and aeration is performed from the lower outer periphery of the drainage pipe. The aeration bubbles were brought into contact with the drain holes.

  The method for cultivating scorpion gins according to claim 4 is the method for cultivating seizen dinosaurs according to claim 1, 2, or 3, wherein the algal bodies are washed every 7 to 10 days, and the steps of day and night are performed in an amount of 80 to 100. The method was to harvest after repeating the day.

  In the aquaculture apparatus of claim 5, the water tank for storing the water of breeding water lily, the water injection means for injecting the breeding water, the drainage means for draining the breeding water, and disposed in the vertical direction of the water tank, A drainage pipe having a number of drainage holes, an aeration device disposed under the drainage pipe, and a shading means for dimming sunlight hitting the water tank are provided.

In this invention, the following effects are acquired by employ | adopting the said structure.
According to the method for cultivating suizenjinori according to claim 1, since the suizenjinori is placed in a water tank storing breeding water of suizenjinori in an environment where sunlight is dimmed during the day, the breeding water is injected and drained. Fresh breeding water is always supplied under the optimal amount of light for the growth of swallowtail.
During the night, nutrients that promote the growth of swordfish are included in the breeding water, and the pouring and drainage of the breeding water is stopped, so that the nutrients are reliably absorbed.
Since the algae bodies of the scorpion ginseng are washed every predetermined period, miscellaneous algae such as Aoumiduro and Amidroe adhering to the algae bodies are removed.
By combining these methods, an environment suitable for the growth of swallowtail is formed, and a large amount of aquaculture can be performed in the aquarium.

According to the method for cultivating suizenjinori according to claim 2, breeding water having a concentration obtained by diluting a solution obtained by mixing 2 ml of a stock solution represented by the following composition ratio into 1 liter of water to 1/50 to 1/200 is used. Since the method is used, the metal component necessary for the growth of the swallowtail is supplied and the proliferation effect is obtained.
H ₃ BO ₃ 12.37 g
MnCl ₃ 1.40 g
ZnCl ₃ 0.11 g
CoCl ₂ 4.80 mg
CuCl ₂ 0.03 mg
H ₂ O 2.0L

According to the method for cultivating suizenjinori according to claim 3, since the drain pipes having a large number of drain holes are inserted in the vertical direction in the aquarium, the water in the aquarium is uniformly drained from the numerous drain holes.
Since the aeration is performed from the outer periphery of the lower portion of the drainage pipe and the air bubbles are brought into contact with the drainage hole, miscellaneous algae such as blue sea bream adhering to the drainage hole are removed by the air.

According to the method for cultivating suizendinori according to claim 4, since the algal bodies of suizenjinori are washed every 7 to 10 days, surface miscellaneous algae that inhibit growth are removed.
Since the harvesting method is performed after repeating the daytime and nighttime steps for 80 to 120 days, an amount of suizeninori that can be shipped for food can be produced.

  In the aquaculture apparatus of claim 5, the water tank for storing the water of breeding water lily, the water injection means for injecting the breeding water, the drainage means for draining the breeding water, and disposed in the vertical direction of the water tank, It is equipped with a drain pipe with many drain holes, an aeration device located at the bottom of the drain pipe, and a shading means to diminish the sunlight hitting the aquarium, so it forms an environment suitable for growing and breeding swallowtail be able to.

  Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described in Examples.

In the first embodiment, an apparatus for cultivating a swordfish will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the aquaculture apparatus for a swallowtail is a cylindrical aquarium 1, a water injection pipe 2 that supplies water to the aquarium, a drainage pipe 3 that drains water from the aquarium, and an aeration apparatus that aerates the aquarium. 4 and the light shielding means for dimming the sunlight irradiating the water tank are the main components.

The water tank 1 is a vertical cylindrical structure, and includes a side surface 5 that surrounds the periphery in a circular shape and a bottom surface 6 that is inclined downward toward the center, and is open upward.
The water tank 1 is made of a transparent material made of resin or glass, or an opaque material made of resin.
The size of the aquarium 1 is, for example, 1 meter long by several tens of centimeters, a diameter of around 1 m, and a capacity of around 1000 liters. The aquarium is configured to store breeding water having a height of around 1 m. In addition, the shape of the water tank 1, the amount of water to be stored, and the like are appropriately set according to the degree of algal growth, the amount of water injected, and the like.

The water injection means is a device for supplying breeding water to the aquarium, and has a function of supplying a certain amount of water from the water injection pipe 2 to the aquarium 1 with a pump for fresh water such as well water, spring water, and ground water.
Rather than using tap water that has undergone an artificial purification process as breeding water, water that is obtained from nature such as well water, spring water, groundwater, etc. is used, and chlorine, other harmful substances that adversely affect the human body and organisms are used. Use free water.
The method of supplying water to the aquarium 1 is based on a method of supplying water by flowing down from the top to the water surface of the aquarium 1, or a method of generating water current by spraying into the aquarium. When pouring water, make sure not to damage the algal bodies of Suizenjinori.

The drainage means is a means for quantitatively draining water in the aquarium, and is composed of a drainage port 7 formed at the bottom of the aquarium and a drainage pipe 3 connected to the drainage port and vertically disposed in the center of the aquarium. The
The drainage port 7 is formed in the lowermost part which is the center position of the bottom of the water tank inclined downward toward the center.
The drain pipe 3 is connected to the drain port 4 and arranged in the vertical direction, and the drain pipe 3 has a plurality of small holes 8 drilled at predetermined intervals over the entire length (see FIG. 2). And the water in a water tank flows in into the drainage pipe 3 from these many holes 8, and the inflowed water is drained from the drain outlet 7 of a tank bottom.

The aeration apparatus 4 is arranged at the base of the drainage pipe in a ring shape so as to surround the outer periphery of the drainage port. A large number of small holes 9 for ejecting air are formed in the ring body 4a, and the air supplied from the pump through the air tube 10 is ejected from the small holes. Since the ring main body 4a is arranged at the base along the outer periphery of the drainage pipe 3, when air is injected, bubbles rise while contacting the drainage pipe 3 inserted in the vertical direction.
A large number of holes 8 are formed in the drainage pipe 3, but when the bubbles come into contact with the drainage pipe 3 and the holes 8, it is difficult for miscellaneous algae such as blue spider and amidoro to settle, and clogging of the drainage holes and Removal of miscellaneous algae that inhibit growth is performed.

Although the shading means is not shown in the drawing, it is used to diminish sunlight during the day when it hits a water tank installed outdoors, and a net with a small mesh, a shading sheet, a kite, etc. are adopted. During the day, it is arranged so as to cover the top of the aquarium, and the illuminance of sunlight irradiated on the aquarium is cut.
The amount of light applied to the aquarium should be about 60 to 70% of the illuminance during fine weather. It is also possible to change the light blocking rate according to the season and temperature, such as increasing the light blocking rate in summer and lowering the light blocking rate in winter.

  As described above, the cultivating apparatus of the water lily in the first embodiment has been described. As shown in FIG. 4, the structure of the aquarium is such that water is poured from the bottom of the aquarium 1 and water is poured into the upper end of the aquarium 1. It is also possible to adopt a method in which the side surface 11 is attached and overflowed from the upper end of the water tank 1 to drain the water. In the configuration of FIG. 4, the water in the aquarium convects by water injection and contacts the swallowtail butterfly, so that aquaculture can be performed without aeration.

In the second embodiment, a method for cultivating swordfish will be described.
1. Securing the seeds The seed algae can be cultivated from any size, but the minimum size we implemented this time is about 1 mm fine on the 50 mesh (about 0.5 mm square). It is an algae body.
While removing foreign substances such as blue spider and attached diatoms, transfer to a dedicated water tank and culture under running water.
The water tank is small and easy to manage, and ventilation is not always necessary.
Since it is easy to attach blue spiders and attached diatoms, the algal bodies are washed every 1 to 10 days.
The algal cells grown around 5 mm are transferred to the water tank described in the first embodiment using the original seeds.

2. Aquaculture In an outdoor aquarium where the breeding water is stored, in a daylight environment, the suizenginori is placed in the tank containing the breeding water of the swallowtail, and the breeding water is injected and drained.
At night, P1 Metals, which will be described later, is contained in the breeding water to stop the pouring and draining of the breeding water. The breeding water has a concentration obtained by diluting a solution obtained by mixing P1 Metals (2 ml) with 1 liter of water to 1/100.
As in the case of seed culture, Aomidro is prone to grow and adhere to diatoms, so the algae are washed every week to 10 days.
Although the washing | cleaning method is not specifically limited, It is based on the method of removing the surface algae using a shower etc., without damaging an algal body.
At the time of washing, the algal bodies are received by a 50 mesh sieve, and the algal bodies remaining on the mesh are collected as seeds.
The above-mentioned daytime and nighttime processes are repeated, and the algal bodies reach the peak of the culture around 3 months from the start of the culture, that is, 80 to 100 days, and grow 20 to 50 times.
Harvest using colander while the color is good.
Although there are seasonal fluctuations, it can be cultivated throughout the year and can be harvested 4-6 times a year.

3. Structure of aquarium If algae can be stirred by water flow by water injection, it is not necessary to ventilate, but if algae grows and sinks to the bottom of the aquarium, it is stirred once or twice a day. Avoid too strong ventilation because the algal bodies collide with each other.
Algae float easily in the water or sink to the bottom of the aquarium, and therefore easily flow out of the drain. Therefore, it is necessary to take measures to prevent spillage. However, using nylon netting makes it easier to attach and grow blue sea bream, which makes it very complicated when collecting alga bodies. In order to prevent these problems, it is necessary to make the structure as simple as possible, such as a method in which the mesh is always washed with air bubbles or a PVC pipe with a small hole that does not use nylon mesh.
Aquaculture is mainly performed in groundwater, but trace metals must be added if high yields are desired. In that case, it can also be added continuously day and night, but a great growth effect can be obtained even by a method in which the trace metal component is contained in the breeding water at night to stop the water. In addition, even if the algal bodies are in a still water state for 1 to 2 days, they do not die.

  In the third embodiment, the influence of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and metal components on the growth of swallowtail will be described.

The components shown in Table 1 were formed by mixing 2 ml of NaNO ₃ (1000 mM), 2 ml of Na ₂ HPO ₄ (50 mM), 2 ml of FeCl ₃ (1 mM), and 2 ml of P1 Metals per 1 liter of water. There is a composition generally known as a tail-shaped medium.
Incidentally, as the composition of P1 Metals which are constituents of Table 1 of Table 2, 2 liters of water _to, 12.37 g of H 3 BO _3, the MnCl ₃ 1.40 g, the ZnCl ₃ 0.11 g, CoCl ₂ 4.80 mg and CuCl ₂ 0.03 mg.

Table 3 shows the results of investigating the influence of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) on the growth of suizendinori by the composition according to the tail-shaped medium. That is, 2 ml of NaNO ₃ (1000 mM) and 2 ml of Na ₂ HPO ₄ (50 mM) are mixed with (1/1, 1/10, 1/1000) respectively for 1 liter of water to make breeding water. , Initial (at the start) and final (at the end) represents the change in the weight of the swallowtail alga body.
After cultivation days 28 _days, N (NaNO _{3), P} and control group C of _(Na 2 HPO ₄₎ Concentration _{0, N (NaNO 3),} P (Na 2 HPO 4) algae each experimental group D of the concentration There was no significant difference in body weight, and nitrogen and phosphorus did not have the effect of promoting the growth of suizendinori.

Table 4 shows the results of investigating the influence of P1 Metals on the growth of scorpionate by the composition according to the tail-shaped medium. That is, 2 liters of P1 Metals mixed with 1 liter of water was diluted to (1/1, 1/10, 1/1000) respectively to make breeding water, and the initial (start) and final (end) It represents the change in the weight of Suizenjinori alga bodies.
After 25 days of cultivation, the addition of 1/100 concentration of P1 Metals was found to increase the amount of growth by about 20% compared to the control group C having a P1 Metals concentration of 0.

Table 5 shows the results of investigating the influence of the tail-shaped medium (SWM-III) shown in Table 1 on the growth of scorpionate. That is, a solution having the composition shown in Table 1 was diluted to (1/1, 1/10, 1/1000), respectively, as breeding water, and the weight change of initial (final) and final (final) swallowtail alga bodies Represents.
After 18 days of cultivation, the difference in algal body weight between the control group C with a SWM-III concentration of 0 and each experimental group D was not significantly different, and the concentration of the tail-shaped medium did not show the effect of promoting the growth of the swordfish. It was.

As mentioned above, it became clear from the experimental results of Tables 1 to 5 that the addition of an appropriate amount of P1 Metals to the breeding water increases the amount of growth of the suizendinori.
In Table 4, with the addition amount of P1 Metals, a solution obtained by mixing 2 ml of the stock solution represented by the composition ratio in Table 2 with 1 liter of water was diluted to 1/10 to 1/1000 (particularly 1/100). The growth effect of Suizendinori was seen when the concentration of breeding water was used.
In addition, in the addition amount of P1 Metals, the breeding water of the density | concentration which diluted the solution which mixed 2 ml of stock solutions represented by the composition ratio of Table 2 in 1 liter of water to 1/250 to 1/200 is used. If it is a method, the remarkable proliferation effect is seen like the case of the said 1/100 dilution solution.

  Although the embodiments have been described above, the specific configuration of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and design changes and the like within a scope not departing from the gist of the invention are included in the present invention.

It is a general view of the culture apparatus of a suizenjinori. It is a fragmentary perspective view of a drain pipe. It is a top view of an aeration apparatus. It is a general view of the aquaculture apparatus which concerns on another Example.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Water tank 2 Water injection pipe 3 Drainage pipe 4 Aeration apparatus 4a Ring main body 5 Side surface 6 Bottom surface 7 Drain port 8 Hole 9 Hole 10 Air tube 11 Side surface

Claims (5)

During the daytime, in the environment of illuminance with dimmed sunlight, put the swallowtail in the aquarium that stores the swallowtail breeding water, inject and drain the breeding water,
During the night, the feeding water contains nutrients that promote the growth of swallowtail butter and stop pouring and draining the breeding water.
A method for cultivating suizenjinori, comprising repeating the daytime and nighttime steps to wash algal bodies of suizenjinori every predetermined period. The breeding water having a concentration obtained by diluting a solution obtained by mixing 2 ml of a stock solution represented by the following composition ratio with 1 liter of water to 1/50 to 1/200 at night is used. Description

H ₃ BO ₃ 12.37 g
MnCl ₃ 1.40 g
ZnCl ₃ 0.11 g
CoCl ₂ 4.80 mg
CuCl ₂ 0.03 mg
H ₂ O 2.0L   The suizenjinori according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a drainage pipe having a number of drainage holes in a vertical direction in the water tank is inserted, aeration is performed from the lower outer periphery of the drainage pipe, and aeration bubbles are brought into contact with the drainage holes. Farming method.   4. The method of cultivating scorpion ginseng according to claim 1, 2, or 3, wherein the algal bodies of scorpion ginseng are washed every 7 to 10 days, and harvesting is performed after repeating the day and night steps for 80 to 100 days. A water tank for storing the water of breeding
Water injection means for injecting breeding water, drainage means for draining breeding water,
A drainage pipe arranged in the vertical direction of the aquarium with a number of drainage holes;
An aeration device located at the bottom of the drainage pipe;
An apparatus for cultivating scorpion ginseng, comprising a light shielding means for dimming sunlight that hits a water tank.

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