JP2014515805A - 内燃機関 - Google Patents
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- JP2014515805A JP2014515805A JP2014505515A JP2014505515A JP2014515805A JP 2014515805 A JP2014515805 A JP 2014515805A JP 2014505515 A JP2014505515 A JP 2014505515A JP 2014505515 A JP2014505515 A JP 2014505515A JP 2014515805 A JP2014515805 A JP 2014515805A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B17/00—Engines characterised by means for effecting stratification of charge in cylinders
- F02B17/005—Engines characterised by means for effecting stratification of charge in cylinders having direct injection in the combustion chamber
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
- F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
- F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
- F02B23/0618—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston having in-cylinder means to influence the charge motion
- F02B23/0624—Swirl flow
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
- F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
- F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
- F02B23/0645—Details related to the fuel injector or the fuel spray
- F02B23/0648—Means or methods to improve the spray dispersion, evaporation or ignition
- F02B23/0651—Means or methods to improve the spray dispersion, evaporation or ignition the fuel spray impinging on reflecting surfaces or being specially guided throughout the combustion space
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
- F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
- F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
- F02B23/0645—Details related to the fuel injector or the fuel spray
- F02B23/0669—Details related to the fuel injector or the fuel spray having multiple fuel spray jets per injector nozzle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
- F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
- F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
- F02B23/0678—Unconventional, complex or non-rotationally symmetrical shapes of the combustion space, e.g. flower like, having special shapes related to the orientation of the fuel spray jets
- F02B23/0693—Unconventional, complex or non-rotationally symmetrical shapes of the combustion space, e.g. flower like, having special shapes related to the orientation of the fuel spray jets the combustion space consisting of step-wise widened multiple zones of different depth
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
- F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
- F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
- F02B23/0696—W-piston bowl, i.e. the combustion space having a central projection pointing towards the cylinder head and the surrounding wall being inclined towards the cylinder wall
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
- F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
- F02M61/1813—Discharge orifices having different orientations with respect to valve member direction of movement, e.g. orientations being such that fuel jets emerging from discharge orifices collide with each other
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
- F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
- F02M61/182—Discharge orifices being situated in different transversal planes with respect to valve member direction of movement
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
- F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
- F02M61/1826—Discharge orifices having different sizes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
- F02B23/08—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with positive ignition
- F02B23/10—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with positive ignition with separate admission of air and fuel into cylinder
- F02B2023/103—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with positive ignition with separate admission of air and fuel into cylinder the injector having a multi-hole nozzle for generating multiple sprays
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F02B2275/14—Direct injection into combustion chamber
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
- F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
- F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
- F02B23/0618—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston having in-cylinder means to influence the charge motion
- F02B23/0627—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston having in-cylinder means to influence the charge motion having additional bores or grooves machined into the piston for guiding air or charge flow to the piston bowl
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
- Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
さらに多くの燃料を燃焼するために、第1噴孔(9)および第2噴孔(10)が、第1噴孔(9)の第1の噴射流(15)が基本的に第2噴孔(10)の第2の噴射流(18)と接触することなくピストン(4)に到達するように互いに配置されている。
Description
本発明は、燃料が第1噴孔および第2噴孔から同時に噴射される場合に第1噴孔の第1の噴射流が基本的に第2噴孔の第2の噴射流と接触することなくピストンに到達するように、第1噴孔列の噴孔と第2噴孔列の噴孔を、その数および/または位置付けおよび/または方向付けに関して、相互に配置するという一般的な考えに基づいている。これにより、独立した噴射流に由来する、ないしは独立した噴射円錐に由来する、相応に独立した火炎前面が燃焼室内に成立することが可能になる。これらの火炎前面は、燃焼室内で立体的に広がり、その際特に相互に向かっても移動する。こうして複数の火炎前面が燃焼室に同時に存在することから、全体としてさらに多くの燃料を燃焼するために、燃焼室内に存在する空気をより良く利用することができる。噴射流が分離されることおよび火炎前面が分離されることにより、燃焼室内で臨界燃料濃度を広い範囲にわたり回避することができることから、有害物質の少ない、特に煤の少ない燃焼を得るために、各々の火炎前面に対して充分な酸素を供給することができる。この場合、一方では分離された噴射流を得るために噴孔を調整すること、他方では、例えば噴射量および噴射圧のような噴射パラメータを、分離された噴射流から広がる火炎前面が燃焼室で接触しないように、ないしは衝突しないように選択することは特に目的に適う。これは、互いに向いて広がりつつあるふたつの噴射流円錐の火炎前面が相互に衝突する時点で、それぞれに噴射された燃料ができる限り完全に燃焼され、それぞれの火炎が消えることを意味する。それにより、有害物質が少ない、好ましくは煤の少ない燃焼のために、できる限り多くの酸素が存在することが保証される。したがって全体として時間単位ごと、ないしは°KW(クランク角角度)ごとにさらに多くの酸素が使われ、このことは内燃機関の効率を上昇させる。
Claims (11)
- 内燃機関、好ましくは自動車の内燃機関であって、
少なくともひとつのシリンダ(2)を備え、前記シリンダは燃焼室(3)を取り囲み、また前記シリンダ内にひとつのピストン(4)がストロークを調節可能に配置されており、
燃料を前記燃焼室(3)内に噴射するために、各シリンダ(2)ごとに少なくともひとつのインジェクタ(5)を備え、各々の前記インジェクタ(5)は複数の噴孔(9,10)を有し、各々の燃料噴射プロセスの際に燃料がこの噴孔を介して前記インジェクタ(5)から出て前記燃焼室(3)内に入り、
各々の前記インジェクタ(5)はその長手中心軸(7)に対して横方向に延びる第1の開口平面(11)内に、複数の第1噴孔(9)を持つ第1噴孔列(12)と、長手中心軸(7)に対して横方向に延びる第2の開口平面(13)に複数の第2噴孔(10)を持つ第2の噴孔列(14)を備える内燃機関であって、
前記第1噴孔(9)および前記第2噴孔(10)が、燃料噴射プロセス中に、前記第1噴孔(9)の第1の噴射流(15)が基本的に前記第2噴孔(10)の第2の噴射流(18)と接触することなく前記ピストン(4)に到達するように互いに配置されていることを特徴とする内燃機関。 - 前記インジェクタ(5)の前記長手中心軸(7)が前記シリンダ(2)の長手中心軸(6)に対して基本的に同軸に配置されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の内燃機関。
- 前記第1の噴孔列(12)が6から12個、好ましくは8から10個の第1噴孔を備え、および/または
前記第2の噴孔列(14)が3から6個、好ましくは4から5個の第2噴孔(10)を備え、および/または
前記第1噴孔(9)が第1の噴射流円錐(16)を作成し、この噴射流の第1の噴射流円錐角度(17)が、第2の噴孔(10)により形成され第2の噴射流円錐(19)の第2の噴射流円錐角度(20)より、第2の噴射流円錐角度の少なくとも50%を越える値分、より大きく、および/または
前記第1噴孔(9)が142°から160°、好ましくは146°から156°、特に好ましくは約150°の第1の噴射流円錐角度(17)を形成し、および/または
前記第2噴孔(10)が50°から120°、好ましくは60°から105°、特に好ましくは60°から90°の第2噴射流円錐角度(20)を形成することを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の内燃機関。 - 前記2つの開口平面(11,13)が軸方向に相互に間隔を置いて配置されていて、この場合前記第2の開口平面(13)が、第1の開口平面11よりも、前記ピストンの方向に向いているインジェクタの先端(23)のより近傍に配置されていることを特徴とする請求項1から3のうちいずれか1項に記載の内燃機関。
- 前記内燃機関(1)のそれぞれのシリンダ(2)への空気供給部が、前記燃焼室(3)への空気充填が、渦巻が加えられるように形成されていて、
前記ふたつの開口平面(11,13)の前記第1噴孔(9)および前記第2噴孔(10)が、前記インジェクタ(5)の長手中心軸(7)の長手方向に上下に配置されていることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の内燃機関。 - 前記第1噴孔(9)が第1の噴射噴霧を備え、前記第1の噴射噴霧が前記第2噴孔(10)の第2の噴射噴霧よりも小さいことを特徴とする請求項1から5のうちいずれか1項に記載の内燃機関。
- 各々の前記ピストン(4)が各々の前記燃焼室(3)に向いている面(26)にひとつのピストン窪み(27)を備え、この窪みは1つの窪み輪郭(28)を持ち、この輪郭は前記第2噴射流(18)のための方向変更構造(29)を備え、この構造は前記第2の噴射流(18)を前記第1の噴射流(15)の噴射流の方向に方向変更することを特徴とする請求項1から6のうちいずれか1項に記載の内燃機関。
- 各々の前記ピストン(4)が各々の前記燃焼室(3)に向いている面(26)にひとつのピストン窪み(27)を備え、この窪みは1つの窪み輪郭(28)を持ち、この輪郭は前記第1の噴射流(15)に対する噴流分割構造(31)を持ち、この噴流分割構造は前記第1の噴射流(15)を第1の部分噴流(32)および第2の部分噴流(33)に分割し、この場合前記第1の部分噴流(32)は前記第2の噴射流(18)の方向の領域(34)へ、および前記第2の部分噴流(33)は前記第2の噴射流(18)とは反対の方向の領域(35)へと方向変更されることを特徴とする請求項1から7のうちいずれか1項に記載の内燃機関。
- 前記窪み輪郭(28)が1つの(さらなる)方向変更輪郭(36)を備え、この方向変更輪郭が、前記第1の部分噴流(32)を前記第1の噴射流(15)に向けて方向変更することを特徴とする請求項8に記載の内燃機関。
- 請求項1から6の特徴の少なくともひとつを備えるインジェクタまたは請求項7から9の特徴の少なくともひとつを備えるインジェクタ。
- 請求項1の前提部分に記載された直接噴射、自己着火式の内燃機関(1)を作動するための方法であって、
第1の噴射流(15)が各々の前記燃焼室(3)内へ前記ピストン(4)に向かって流入し、前記燃焼室(3)内で第1の火炎前面(21)を形成し、
同時に前記第1の噴射流(15)に加えて第2の噴射流(18)がその燃焼室(3)向かって流入し、前記燃焼室(3)で第2の火炎前面(22)を形成し
前記第1噴射流(15)および前記第2噴射流(18)が基本的に接触することなく前記ピストン(4)に到達する方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102011017479.6 | 2011-04-19 | ||
DE102011017479A DE102011017479A1 (de) | 2011-04-19 | 2011-04-19 | Brennkraftmaschine |
PCT/EP2011/006335 WO2012143032A1 (de) | 2011-04-19 | 2011-12-15 | Brennkraftmaschine |
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JP2014515805A true JP2014515805A (ja) | 2014-07-03 |
JP5921669B2 JP5921669B2 (ja) | 2016-05-24 |
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JP2014505515A Expired - Fee Related JP5921669B2 (ja) | 2011-04-19 | 2011-12-15 | 内燃機関 |
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US (1) | US9429065B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2699791B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5921669B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN103477064A (ja) |
DE (1) | DE102011017479A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2012143032A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2014222041A (ja) * | 2013-05-14 | 2014-11-27 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 直噴式ディーゼルエンジン |
Families Citing this family (35)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CA2826435C (en) * | 2013-09-06 | 2016-01-05 | Westport Power Inc. | Combustion system for gaseous fuelled internal combustion engine |
FR3012523B1 (fr) * | 2013-10-25 | 2018-07-27 | IFP Energies Nouvelles | Moteur a combustion interne a injection directe a allumage par compression et procede d'injection de combustible dans la chambre de combustion de ce moteur. |
FR3012522B1 (fr) | 2013-10-25 | 2018-08-24 | IFP Energies Nouvelles | Moteur a combustion a injection directe de combustible a allumage par compression et procede d'injection de combustible pour un tel moteur. |
FR3013383B1 (fr) * | 2013-11-15 | 2016-01-01 | IFP Energies Nouvelles | Procede pour melanger au moins un comburant et au moins un combustible dans la chambre de combustion d'un moteur a combustion interne a injection directe a allumage par compression et moteur utilisant un tel procede. |
FR3016926B1 (fr) * | 2014-01-29 | 2018-12-07 | IFP Energies Nouvelles | Moteur a combustion a injection directe de combustible et plus particulierement moteur a allumage par compression avec faible taux de compression |
FR3017421B1 (fr) | 2014-02-10 | 2018-03-16 | IFP Energies Nouvelles | Moteur a combustion interne a injection de deux nappes de combustible a debit differencie et procede d'injection de combustible pour un tel moteur. |
FR3018552B1 (fr) * | 2014-03-14 | 2019-07-05 | IFP Energies Nouvelles | Moteur a combustion a injection directe de combustible a allumage par compression comprenant des moyens de refroidissement du piston. |
FR3018550B1 (fr) * | 2014-03-14 | 2019-04-12 | IFP Energies Nouvelles | Procede de controle de l'injection de combustible d'un moteur a combustion interne a injection directe, notamment a allumage par compression, et moteur utilisant un tel procede |
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Also Published As
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JP5921669B2 (ja) | 2016-05-24 |
CN103477064A (zh) | 2013-12-25 |
DE102011017479A1 (de) | 2012-10-25 |
US20140048036A1 (en) | 2014-02-20 |
EP2699791B1 (de) | 2017-05-31 |
EP2699791A1 (de) | 2014-02-26 |
US9429065B2 (en) | 2016-08-30 |
WO2012143032A1 (de) | 2012-10-26 |
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