JP2014080033A - マイクロ構造層の熱転写 - Google Patents
マイクロ構造層の熱転写 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2014080033A JP2014080033A JP2014003094A JP2014003094A JP2014080033A JP 2014080033 A JP2014080033 A JP 2014080033A JP 2014003094 A JP2014003094 A JP 2014003094A JP 2014003094 A JP2014003094 A JP 2014003094A JP 2014080033 A JP2014080033 A JP 2014080033A
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- Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
- Decoration By Transfer Pictures (AREA)
- Thermal Transfer Or Thermal Recording In General (AREA)
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Abstract
【解決手段】マイクロ構造特徴群を画定する表面を備えた部品を有する物品を熱転写エレメントを用いて形成することができる。好適な熱転写エレメントの一例を挙げると、マイクロ構造層に付けられたマイクロ構造特徴群を画定する表面を有するマイクロ構造層である。熱転写エレメントは、マイクロ構造層の少なくとも一部を、その部分のマイクロ構造特徴群を実質的に保持しつつ、受容体に転写するように構成および配置されている。
【選択図】なし
Description
供与体基材は、熱転写エレメントの層の支持体となる。熱転写エレメントの供与体基材はポリマーフィルムとすることができる。好適なタイプのポリマーフィルムはポリエステルフィルム、例えば、ポリエチレンテレフタレートやポリエチレンナフタレートフィルムである。しかしながら、特定の波長に高い光透過率を有していたり、特定の用途に十分な機械および熱安定性を有するような十分な光学特性を備えた(加熱および転写に光を用いる場合は)その他のフィルムも用いることができる。供与体基材は、少なくとも場合によっては、均一なコーティングが形成できるよう平坦である。供与体基材はまた、熱転写エレメントの層(例えば、光−熱変換(LTHC)層)の熱に関係なく安定を維持する材料から選ばれる。供与体基材にとって好適な厚さは、例えば、0.025〜0.15mm、好ましくは0.05〜0.1mmであり、所望であればこれより厚いまたは薄い供与体基材を用いてもよい。
熱転写エレメントは、一部が受容体に転写される1層以上の層を有する転写ユニットを含む。転写ユニットは少なくとも1層のマイクロ構造層を含む。さらに、転写ユニットは転写されるその他の層を含むことができる。
マイクロ構造層は、マイクロ構造特徴群を画定する少なくとも1つの表面を有している。ある実施形態において、このマイクロ構造層は、ナノ構造特徴群を画定する表面を含むことから、「ナノ構造層」と呼ばれる。熱転写ユニットの一部の熱転写は、所望のパターンに従った、熱転写ユニットの一部の受容体への転写を伴う。これには、マイクロ構造層の一部の受容体への転写が含まれる。これは、マイクロ構造層の転写部分のマイクロ構造特徴群を実質的に保持しながらなされるのが好ましい。
図9A〜9Cに示す技術に用いられる好適なナノ構造特徴群は、米国特許第4,812,352号、第5,039,561号、第5,336,558号、第5,709,943号、第5,338,430号、第5,238,729号および第5,726,524号に記載されているようなマイクロ構造またはナノ構造エレメントである。これらのナノ構造エレメントは、連続または不連続薄層として有機材料を基材に蒸着し、蒸着した有機層中に物理変化を生じさせてナノ構造エレメントを形成するのに十分な時間および温度で蒸着した有機層を真空中でアニールすることにより形成される。
図12にさらに他の熱転写エレメント610を示す。熱転写エレメントは、供与体基材612、光−熱変換層614およびマイクロ構造層616を含む。マイクロ構造層616は、第1のセットのマイクロ構造特徴群618と第2のセットのマイクロ構造特徴群620とを画定する表面を有している。追加の層および層構成、および追加のセットのマイクロ構造特徴群を用いることができる。
図13に、熱転写エレメント710のさらに他の実施形態を示す。この熱転写エレメントは、供与体基材712、光−熱変換層714および少なくとも2枚のマイクロ構造層716、718を含む転写ユニットを含む。本明細書に記載した追加の層またはその他の層構成も用いることができる。
放射線誘導熱転写については、光−熱変換(LTHC)層を、熱転写エレメントに組み込んで、光放出源から放出された光エネルギーが熱転写エレメントに結合される。図2に、供与体基材112、光−熱変換層114およびマイクロ構造層116を含む熱転写エレメント110の一実施形態を示す。LTHC層を含有するその他の熱転写エレメント構造を形成することができる。
転写層の転写部分の損傷および汚染を最小にし、また転写層の転写部分における歪みを最小にするために任意の中間層を熱転写エレメントに用いてよい。中間層はまた、転写層の熱転写エレメントの残りへの接着にも影響する。図3に、供与体基材122、光−熱変換層124、中間層126およびマイクロ構造層128を含む熱転写エレメント120の一実施形態を示す。中間層を含有するその他の熱転写エレメントを形成することができる。ある実施形態において、マイクロ構造層が中間層上に形成できるよう、中間層は、例えば、マイクロ構造化ツールを用いてマイクロ構造化することができる。この実施形態の中間層は、後に形成されるマイクロ構造層にマイクロ構造化特徴群を与える。
任意の剥離層は、熱転写エレメントを、例えば、光放出源または加熱素子により加熱する際、転写ユニット(例えば、マイクロ構造層)の、残りの転写エレメント(例えば、中間層および/またはLTHC層)からの剥離を促すものである。少なくともある場合においては、熱に晒す前は、剥離層は、転写層を熱転写エレメントの残りに接着させている。図4に、供与体基材142、光−熱変換層144、剥離層146およびマイクロ構造層148を含む熱転写エレメント140を示す。その他の層の組み合わせを用いてもよい。他の実施形態において、熱転写エレメント中のその他の層のうちの一層を剥離層として機能させてもよい。例えば、図5に示す熱転写エレメント160の第1のマイクロ構造層166を剥離層として機能させることができる。
任意の接着層は、熱転写エレメントを、例えば、光放出源または加熱素子により加熱すると転写される転写ユニット(例えば、マイクロ構造層)の部分を受容体に接着するのを促す。図6に供与体基材182、光−熱変換層184、剥離層186、マイクロ構造層188および接着層190を含む熱転写エレメント180を示す。その他の層の組み合わせを用いてもよい。
熱転写エレメントは、熱転写エレメントの選択部分を直接加熱することにより加熱できる。加熱素子(例えば、抵抗加熱素子)を用いて、放射線(例えば、光のビーム)を熱に変換し、かつ/または電流を熱転写エレメントの層に与えて熱を生成することができる。多くの場合、精度が得られることが多いことから、例えば、ランプやレーザーからの光を用いた熱転写が有利である。転写パターン(線、円、四角またはその他形状)のサイズおよび形状は、例えば、光ビームのサイズ、光ビームの露光パターン、熱転写エレメントと接触する有向性ビームの持続時間、および熱転写エレメントの材料により制御することができる。
基材/LTHC/中間層エレメントの作成
表1に示す以下のLTHCコーティング溶液を、ヤスイセイキラボコーター、型番CAG−150(ヤスイセイキ社、インジアナ州、ブルーミントン)により、直線1cm当たり381個の螺旋セル(直線1インチ当たり150個の螺旋セル)のマイクログラビアロールを用いて、0.1mmのPET基材にコートすることによりカーボンブラック光−変換層を作成した。
ナノ構造フィルムの作成
ナノ構造フィルムを米国特許第5,039,561号および第5,726,524号に記載されている通りに作成した。アメリカンヘキスト社(ニュージャージー州、ソマーセット)より「C.I.ピグメントレッド149」という商品名で市販されている、約1500オングストロームの有機赤色顔料(N,N’−ジ(3,5−キシリル)ペリレン−3,4,9,10ビス(ジカルボキサミド)を、金属化ポリイミド(Upilex−5、UBEインダストリーズ社(日本、東京))の1平方フィート(約0.09cm2)のシートに真空コートした。このシートを10-3トルの真空中でアニールし、フィルムを、不連続に配向された結晶ナノ構造特徴群の配列に変換した。これらの特徴群の数密度は1平方マイクロメートル当たり約30〜40であった。特徴群の高さは平均約1.5μm、平均断面寸法は約0.05μm以下であった。これらのナノ構造特徴群を、蒸着により4400オングストロームの白金でコンフォーマルオーバーコートした。
熱転写エレメントの作成
実施例1の基材/LTHC/中間層エレメントを、アクリルポリマー(Elvacite2776、ICIアクリル(ミズーリ州、セントルイス))の熱可塑性剥離層でコートした。ポリマー10wt.%水溶液と、6番のマイヤーバーを用いて、約1マイクロメートルの厚さにアクリルポリマーを適用した。このポリマーを乾燥させた。
ナノ構造層の熱転写
実施例3の熱転写エレメントを用いて、ナノ構造層の一部をガラス受容体に転写した。レーザー転写システムには、CW Nd:YAGレーザー、音響−光学的変調器、コリメータおよびビーム拡大光学部品、光学アイソレータ、直線検流計およびf−シータスキャンレンズが含まれていた。Nd:YAGレーザーは、TEM00モードで操作され、総出力8.5ワットであった。高精度直線検流計(ケンブリッジテクノロジー社(マサチューセッツ州、ケンブリッジ))でスキャニングを行った。レーザーは、測定サイズ140μm×150μmのガウススポットに1/e2の強度レベルで集束させた。f−シータスキャンレンズを用いることにより、スポットをスキャン幅について一定に保った。レーザースポットを5.28メートル/秒の速度で画像表面を横切るようにスキャンさせた。その結果、接着層、ナノ構造層および剥離層を含む110μmの線の均一な転写となった。
マイクロ構造層の熱転写
Elvacite(商標)2776(アクリル樹脂、ICIアクリル(デラウェア州、ウィルミントン)より入手可能)を、実施例1により作成した基材/LTHC/中間層エレメントに厚さ7.5μmでコーティングして転写層を形成することにより第1の熱転写エレメントを作成した。溶液を80℃で約3分間乾燥させた。乾燥した溶液をマイクロ構造エンボス加工ツールでエンボス加工した。マイクロ構造エンボス加工ツールは、異なるピッチの四角パターンの水平および垂直溝を用いる金属固体片からダイヤモンド機械加工された。ツールの全体のパターンは、異なる均一な垂直および水平ピッチを有する各平方グリッドセクションを持つグリッドのパターンであった。パターンを切断するのに用いたダイヤモンドの夾角は30度、先端幅は5.5ミクロンであった。パターンは全て公称深さ5.6ミクロンで切断された。水平および垂直方向のパターンのピッチは11.8〜27ミクロンであった。エンボス加工後、100オングストロームのアルミニウムを転写層のエンボス加工表面に蒸着した。
Claims (30)
- 基材と、
マイクロ構造層に付けられたマイクロ構造特徴群を画定する表面を有するマイクロ構造層とを有する熱転写エレメントであって、
前記熱転写エレメントが、前記マイクロ構造層の少なくとも一部を、その部分の前記マイクロ構造特徴群を実質的に保持しつつ、受容体に転写するように構成および配置されていることを特徴とする熱転写エレメント。 - 前記マイクロ構造層が、前記マイクロ構造層に付けられたナノ構造特徴群を画定する表面を有し、前記熱転写エレメントが、前記マイクロ構造層の少なくとも一部を、その部分の前記ナノ構造特徴群を実質的に保持しつつ、受容体に転写するように構成および配置されていることを特徴とする請求項1記載の熱転写エレメント。
- 前記マイクロ構造特徴群を画定する前記表面が、複数の第1のマイクロ構造特徴群と、前記第1のマイクロ構造特徴群上に配置された複数の第2のマイクロ構造特徴群とを画定する表面を含むことをさらに特徴とする請求項1乃至2のいずれか一項に記載の熱転写エレメント。
- 前記マイクロ構造層が、電源につないだときに電子エミッタとして使用可能である複数のマイクロ構造特徴群を画定することをさらに特徴とする請求項1乃至3のいずれか一項に記載の熱転写エレメント。
- 前記マイクロ構造層の部分の前記基材からの剥離を促すために剥離層が設けられていることをさらに特徴とする請求項1乃至4のいずれか一項に記載の熱転写エレメント。
- 前記マイクロ構造層を含む多層転写ユニットが提供され、前記熱転写エレメントが、前記多層転写ユニットの少なくとも一部を受容体に転写するように構成および配置されていることをさらに特徴とする請求項1乃至5のいずれか一項に記載の熱転写エレメント。
- 前記多層転写ユニットがさらに剥離層を含むことをさらに特徴とする請求項6記載の熱転写エレメント。
- 前記剥離層が、マイクロ構造特徴群を画定する表面を有することをさらに特徴とする請求項7記載の熱転写エレメント。
- 前記マイクロ構造層が前記剥離層に隣接配置されていて、前記剥離層の前記マイクロ構造特徴群に対応するマイクロ構造特徴群を画定する表面を有することをさらに特徴とする請求項8記載の熱転写エレメント。
- 転写中に前記マイクロ構造層の部分の前記受容体への接着を促すために接着層が設けられていることをさらに特徴とする請求項1乃至9のいずれか一項に記載の熱転写エレメント。
- 光−熱変換層が前記基材と前記マイクロ構造層との間に配置されていることをさらに特徴とする請求項1乃至10のいずれか一項に記載の熱転写エレメント。
- 中間層が前記光−熱変換層と前記マイクロ構造層との間に配置されていることをさらに特徴とする請求項11に記載の熱転写エレメント。
- 前記中間層が、前記中間層に付けられたマイクロ構造特徴群を画定する表面を有することをさらに特徴とする請求項12記載の熱転写エレメント。
- 前記熱転写エレメントが、複数のマイクロ構造層を有し、各マイクロ構造層が前記マイクロ構造層に付けられたマイクロ構造特徴群を画定する表面を有することをさらに特徴とする請求項1乃至13のいずれか一項に記載の熱転写エレメント。
- 受容体基材を、マイクロ構造層に付けられたマイクロ構造特徴群を画定する表面を有するマイクロ構造層を有する熱転写エレメントと接触させる工程と、
前記マイクロ構造層の少なくとも一部を、その部分の前記マイクロ構造特徴群を実質的に保持しつつ、前記受容体基材に選択的に転写する工程と
を含む物品の製造方法。 - 前記熱転写エレメントがさらに光−熱変換層を有し、前記マイクロ構造層の少なくとも一部を前記受容体基材に選択的に転写する工程が、前記熱転写エレメントの前記光−熱変換層に選択的に光を照射して、前記受容体への転写のために前記マイクロ構造層の少なくとも一部を、その部分の前記マイクロ構造特徴群を実質的に保持しつつ、剥離する工程を含み、前記熱転写エレメントが前記光−熱変換層から前記マイクロ構造層の部分の剥離を促す剥離層をさらに含むことをさらに特徴とする請求項15記載の方法。
- 前記受容体基材に転写された前記マイクロ構造層の部分から前記剥離層を除去することをさらに特徴とする請求項16記載の方法。
- 受容体を接触させる工程が、マイクロ構造層に付けられたマイクロ構造特徴群を画定する表面を有するマイクロ構造層と、前記マイクロ構造層の部分の前記受容体基材への接着を促すための接着層とを有する熱転写エレメントと、受容体を接触させる工程を含むことを特徴とする請求項15乃至17のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記受容体に転写された前記マイクロ構造層の部分から前記接着層を除去することをさらに特徴とする請求項18記載の方法。
- 受容体を接触させる工程が、マイクロ構造層に付けられたマイクロ構造特徴群を画定する表面を有するマイクロ構造層を有する熱転写エレメントと、前記受容体基材を接触させる工程を含み、接着層が前記受容体基材上に配置されて、前記マイクロ構造層の部分の選択的転写を促すことをさらに特徴とする請求項15乃至19のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 基材と、
マイクロ構造層に付けられたマイクロ構造特徴群を画定する表面を有するマイクロ構造部品とを有する物品であって、
前記マイクロ構造部品が、前記マイクロ構造層を含む熱転写エレメントから前記マイクロ構造層の少なくとも一部を熱転写することにより前記基材上に形成されている物品。 - 前記マイクロ構造部品の表面により画定される前記マイクロ構造特徴群が複数の電子エミッタを形成していることをさらに特徴とする請求項21記載の物品。
- 前記マイクロ構造部品の表面により画定される前記マイクロ構造特徴群が電子部品を形成している請求項21乃至22のいずれか一項に記載の物品。
- 基材を提供する工程と、
マイクロ構造層に付けられた複数のマイクロ構造特徴群を画定する表面を有するマイクロ構造層を形成する工程とを含む熱転写エレメントの製造方法であって、
前記マイクロ構造層および前記基材が互いに対して配置され、前記マイクロ構造層の少なくとも一部が、その部分の前記マイクロ構造特徴群を実質的に保持しつつ、受容体に選択的に転写されることを特徴とする熱転写エレメントの製造方法。 - 前記基材と前記マイクロ構造層との間に光−熱変換層を形成することをさらに特徴とする請求項24記載の方法。
- 前記光−熱変換層と前記マイクロ構造層との間に剥離層を形成することをさらに特徴とする請求項25記載の方法。
- 前記剥離層にマイクロ構造特徴群を形成することをさらに特徴とする請求項26記載の方法。
- 前記マイクロ構造層を形成する工程が、前記マイクロ構造特徴群を有する前記剥離層上に層を配置して、前記剥離層に隣接した前記マイクロ構造層を生成する工程を含むことをさらに特徴とする請求項27記載の方法。
- 前記マイクロ構造層を形成する工程が、マイクロ構造特徴群を前記剥離層に埋め込む工程を含むことをさらに特徴とする請求項26記載の方法。
- 前記マイクロ構造層に接着層を設けて、前記マイクロ構造層の部分の前記受容体への接着を促すことをさらに特徴とする請求項24乃至29のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP5814391B2 (ja) | 2015-11-17 |
KR100698336B1 (ko) | 2007-03-23 |
US20030138555A1 (en) | 2003-07-24 |
JP2003515461A (ja) | 2003-05-07 |
DE60005059D1 (de) | 2003-10-09 |
EP1246730B1 (en) | 2003-09-03 |
WO2001039986A1 (en) | 2001-06-07 |
EP1246730B2 (en) | 2008-11-19 |
EP1246730A1 (en) | 2002-10-09 |
EP1366927A1 (en) | 2003-12-03 |
CN1433358A (zh) | 2003-07-30 |
JP2011084076A (ja) | 2011-04-28 |
EP1366927B1 (en) | 2006-07-12 |
DE60029362D1 (de) | 2006-08-24 |
DE60029362T2 (de) | 2007-07-19 |
US6521324B1 (en) | 2003-02-18 |
AU5866000A (en) | 2001-06-12 |
KR20020060767A (ko) | 2002-07-18 |
US6770337B2 (en) | 2004-08-03 |
CN1191175C (zh) | 2005-03-02 |
DE60005059T2 (de) | 2004-06-03 |
DE60005059T3 (de) | 2009-07-09 |
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